Running head: INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CRITICISM USED TO EVALUATE MIDDLE

RANGE THEORIES

Internal and external criticism used to evaluate middle range theories

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currently, the healthcare organization usually tend to be naturally hierarchical and is

displaying management styles that shows some levels of command, authority and aspects of

control for effective function facilitation. There is lot of bureaucracy in hospitals today .

Hospitals are today integrating care for the sick within politics, economic and legal aspects

(Smith, 2019). There is no clarity on how the legal, political, technological and he economic

caring decision . A lot has been raised in matters regarding organization culture influence. the

theory of bureaucratic caring is likely to facilitate the shift system forma more narrow

perspective to a broader one. This is the best way to ensure that there is a side by side existence

in the healthcare management (Smith, 2019). Despite the significance, there are also critiques

that have bene tabled and be discussed in description of external and internal criticisms applied

in the evaluation of middle range theories.

the most notable and important critique is the criticism directed towards the rays theory

of the bureauctic care. The model is relatively new but had been extensively used. It is not yet

very clear if the theory can withstand the internal and external criticism. To ensure that the

theory meets the standards (YouTube, 2019). there is a need to rely on the scientific reliability

and some validity methods. Via the mid-range theories, or allows the to be permitted with

reliable and good results on top of it. There is room for further testing in order to ensure there is

reliability .There is a lot of testing and retesting of the scientific theory and the tested and valid

theory is what is known s valid research .

some criticism relate the implicate and explicit order. The nurse caring ethical issues are

captured at all levels be it humanistic, spiritual and ethical .caring is considered an implicate

order. The theory of explicit and implicit comes from the David Bohm s theory where the

relativity and the quantum theories and to be compatible. The other is he organization, I has

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THEORIES 3

proven to always dynamic and they are changing. But there are some agents an departments in

within an organization that interact with each other since acting for patients cannot be done in a

vacuum (Smith, 2019).. During caring as an aspect for the patients, via the Ray model, it is true

that the nurse or the healthcare professionals have shown challenges when attempting to serve

the needs of the patients (care) and also serving the bureaucratic needs. Other internal and

external criticism is the analysis as a mid range theory, the nursing practice strengths.

internally, the theory is inadequate, there is no clarity in the theory, consistency of the

theory is not clear and logical development is another challenge which make up the internal

criticism (Smith, 2019). Some important external criticism includes discrimination aspect, the

accessibility nd generality, the future challenges, the utility and finally significance is not clear.

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 INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CRITICISM USED TO EVALUATE MIDDLE RANGE
THEORIES 4

References

Smith, M. C. (2019). Evaluation of middle range theories for the discipline of nursing. Middle

Range Theory for Nursing. https://doi.org/10.1891/9780826159922.0003

(2019). YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EuXWJeoV9j8

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