CAS COLOMBO AMERICAN SCHOOL

“Educating Transformative Leaders” MODEL

OF UNITED NATIONS

MUNCAS XV

HANDBOOK

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 2021
En ejercicios del respeto, solidaridad, tolerancia y autonomía; representando
los valores institucionales del CAS COLOMBO AMERICAN SCHOOL, con el
fin de fortalecer las habilidades académicas y formativas de todos los
participantes del modelo, se promulga el siguiente HANDBOOK como manual
procedimental y parlamentario de MUNCAS Model of United Nations.

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 1

Letter from the General

Secretaries and academic
direction:

Dear MUNCAS XV participants

"There is no democracy if the nation is not understood as a collective mission, a commitment of all".
Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento

Today's world is filled with a series of constantly changing characteristics that do not even wait for their
own time. For many this may seem worrying, understanding that the adaptability of the human being
varies depending on the individual, so the ease or difficulty to adapt to the reality that you, who are
reading this, have is totally different from the one we have. However, this concern is ephemeral at the
moment in which the subject understands that the present is subject to the collective movement,
because any reality is dependent on the circulation of society. That is why we as individuals have the
option of making decisions that direct the course of reality; we could take the path of individual thought
to guarantee the progress of the "I" and feed the coexistence of isolated links in society or we could
execute a critical thought that far from acting individually, what it does is to encourage the construction
of a collective look through diverse perspectives. The purpose of this fifteenth version of MUNCAS is
to encourage you as delegates to recognize the importance that a person can have in society, not only
as an individual, but recognizing their role as part of a collective, thus breaking with any kind of
established limits. You are the future of the world and it is time for you to prepare yourselves to take
the reins of that changing and aggressive reality, which cannot be tamed alone.
We hope that this project will enable you to develop skills that will take you out of your comfort zone,
allowing you to build argued positions, develop your critical thinking and motivate your proactive attitude
to provide solutions. We are confident that during these three days of the model each one of you will
bring out the transforming leader that lies within you and that without a doubt seeks to contribute to the
world, facing all those problems that afflict it.
As general secretary of the CAS Colombo American School Model United Nations, you can count on
us, Vanessa Perfetti, General Secretary, Samuel Blanco Castellanos, Assistant General Secretary and
Valeria Bonilla Ricaurte, Academic Director, to support you and immerse you in this world that makes
up the global reality, a reality full of learning, challenges and new experiences. MUNCAS is a project of
the students for the students and for that reason it is the ideal space for us to promote a learning
dynamic that goes beyond academic or formative levels, a dynamic that applies to our daily lives.
We wish you much success, we hope you enjoy the experience, break expectations and transcend
limits.
#Trasendinglimits

Sincerely,
Vanessa Sofia Perfetti, General Secretary
Samuel Blanco Castellanos, Assistant Secretary General

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Valeria Bonilla Ricaurte, Academic Director.

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CONTENT:
Carta secretaria general y dirección académica: 3
CODE OF CONDUCT 7
DRESSCODE 8
PARLAMENTARY PROCEDURE 8
1. BASIC PROCEDURE 9
1.1.1. Substantive issues 9
1.1.2. Roll Call 9
1.1.2.1. Present and Voting 9
1.1.3. Voting 9
1.1.4. Quórum 9
1.1.5. Definition of majorities 9
1.1.6. Agenda 10
1.1.7. Second a Motion 10
1.1.8. Opening Speech 10
1.1.9. Break 10
2. Procedure within the Committee 10
2.1.1. List of Speakers 10
2.1.2. Yields 10
2.1.3. Points of information to the speaer during speakers list 10
2.1.4. Moderate Caucus (Informal Debate) 11
2.1.5. Formal Debate 11
2.1.6. Quick Round 11
2.1.7. Unmoderated Caucus (Lobby Time) 11
2.1.8. Risk Debate 11
2.1.9. Permanent Lobby 11
2.1.10. Consult the Whole 11
2.1.11. Close the debate 12
2.1.12. Suspend the Session 12
2.1.13. Closet he Session 12

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 3. Puntos Parlamentarios 12
3.1.1. Right to Reply 12
3.1.2. Point of Order 12
3.1.3. Point of Personal Privilege 13
3.1.4. Point of Parliamentary Inquiry 13
3.1.5. Point of information to the chair 13
3.1.6. Point of information to the speaker 13
3.1.7. Point for subsequent Question 13
3.1.8. Point of relevance 14
3.1.9 Motion for quoting 14
3.1.10. Motion to add to the Registry 14
3.1.11. Motion to Reconsider a Voting 14
SUBSTANTIVE ISSUES 14
1. Documents within the Committee 14
1.1.1. Working paper 14
1.1.2. Resolute Paper 14
1.1.4. Position Paper 16
1.1.7. Opening Speech 17
1.1.8. Example of an opening speech 19
1.1.9. Amendments 19
1.1.10. Press Releases 20
2. Procedure for Documents within the Committee 20
2.1.1. Motion to divide the Question 20
2.1.2. Motion for a Hostile Amendment 20
PREAMBULATORY PHRASES ¡Error! Marcador no definido.
RESOLUTIVES PHRASES ¡Error! Marcador no definido.

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CODE OF CONDUCT
a. All delegates must provide respectful treatment to the Secretary Generals, committee
presidents, floor runners, press delegates, sponsors, teachers and others present in the
precincts where is conducted the session. If not, the Secretary General will evaluate the case,
to determine the relevant sanction.
b. All model participants must follow the Dresscode of MUNCAS XIV. Otherwise, they will
receive a warning.
c. All delegates must be on time on the committee. Otherwise, they will have a warning.
d. Delegates must remain in their respective rooms during the commission work time. Failure to
comply with the foregoing, may cause a warning by the presidents or the expulsion of the
model if so, determined by the Secretary General, together with the coordination of the model.
e. All messages sent between one delegate and another, during the model times, must be
related to the topic under discussion. In the event that floor runner reports inappropriate use
of this medium, the presidency may assign a warning to those involved.
f. Parliamentary language should be used during all work sessions. In those commissions that
have a specialized procedure, the use of academic language will be demanded all the time.
g. During the commission time, delegates are prohibited from communicating with the sponsors
present within the committee. Failure to comply with the foregoing will be grounds for a
warning.
h. MUNCAS is a pedagogic project from students to students. Therefore, sponsors or teachers
must be the last level of consultation in case of an academic or formative difficulty.
i. The use of social networks or other communication methods other than those approved by the
presidents of each commission is prohibited.
j. The use of cellphones is prohibited; its use will provoke a warning.
k. The use of personal computers, iPads or tablets will be allowed by the chair´s discretion. The
use of these, for reasons not justified and not academic, will provoke a warning. In the event
that the previous situation is repeated on three (3) occasions, the presidency will have the
power to seize the electronic device, which will be returned until the end of the corresponding
day's session.
l. Eating is prohibited during the whole time of work within the committees.
m. All the participants of the model must carry with them during all the time and in a visible way,
the badge that accredits them as participants of the model.
n. Plagiarism or attempted plagiarism is considered a Very Serious Failure and may cause
immediate expulsion of the model. o. Any rule foreign to MUNCAS XIV that provides the
enclosure where the model is being carried out must be complied with; otherwise the delegate
will receive a warning.
p. The CAS Colombo American School Coexistence Manual will apply before and during
MUNCAS XIV. Any breach of the above will have the consequences stipulated in this manual.
For external delegates, the formative procedure will be determined by the present manual and
by the respective politics of the institution they represent.
q. The handling of warnings, in addition to having repercussions on the delegate's 6 final grade,
will have the following consequences:

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 i. When a first warning is made, there will only be repercussion on the final note of the
delegate.
ii. When a second warning is made, the delegate must leave the commission room for a
period of two (2) minutes and thirty (30) seconds.
iii. When a third warning is made, the delegate must leave the commission room for a
period of five (5) minutes.
iv. When a fourth warning is made, the delegate will be referred to the Academic Direction
of the model, which will take the corresponding consequence, depending on the
behavior of the delegate.
v. When a fifth warning is made, the delegate will be referred to the Secretary General,
which, together with the model coordinator, will evaluate the respective sanction for the
delegate.
vi. A warning may be imposed by: Secretary General, Model Coordination, Academic
Direction, Press Direction and Presidents.
vii. The presidents can make the decision to refer the offending delegate to the academic
direction of the model in any of the warnings applied.
viii. If a delegation incurs a failure of transcendence, the Secretary Generals, with
the consent of the organizers, will take the respective action.
ix. The warnings are cumulative for all Model days.
x. Each warning will deduct 0.5 on the delegate's final grade.

DRESSCODE
a. Men must wear suit and tie. The tie should be appropriate. Shirts must be buttoned and remain
fully clothed in pants. Bowties are prohibited during the whole model. During work on
commission, is at the discretion of the president to allow the delegates to be without coat or
blazer. However, it is mandatory that any delegate who speaks at the podium is dressed
formally.

b. Women must wear formal clothing with dark colors possible. It is forbidden the use of miniskirts,
shirts with plunging necklines, strapless or openings inappropriate for the occasion. The use
of pants is allowed but is prohibited the use of jeans and sneakers. The usage of heels is
permitted, as long as they have a maximum height of seven (7) centimeters.

c. Accessories and garments that are alluding to a culture, country or tradition will be allowed, as
long as they do not violate the tranquility of the participants of MUNCAS XIV or offend cultures,
ideas or postures of other delegations. In MUNCAS, respect for difference and diversity is
promoted.

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PARLAMENTARY PROCEDURE

1. BASIC PROCEDURE
1.1.1. Substantive issues: Before the start of any session, the delegates will have space to
resolve concerns regarding documents, procedures, functions and powers present in the
committee.
1.1.2. Roll Call: At the beginning of each session and after each recess, the chairpersons of
each committee must call the roll. The delegations will be called in alphabetical order and must
respond present or present and voting, according to the decision of the same.

1.1.2.1. Present and Voting: The delegation that decides to respond "present and voting" in
the call for the list, will not have the right to abstain in the voting processes..

1.1.3. Voting: During a vote, the floor messaging will be suspended along with the entry and
exit of the room will be prohibited. For both procedural and substantial matters, each delegation
will have the right to one (1) vote unless the procedure and / or nature of the committee dictates
otherwise, no delegation will be authorized to vote for absent delegations. A vote may be
reconsidered on the basis of a motion. The presidency may decide two ways to host a voting
process, these will be:

1.1.3.1. Formal vote: The presidency will call each delegation in alphabetical order to
inquire about their vote. The delegations may vote in favor, against or abstain, but the
latter only in case they have not declared themselves present and voting in the call for the
list.

1.1.3.2. Informal vote: The presidency will ask for those delegations that are in favor and
those that are against, the delegations will vote by raising their plaque or virtual hand of
the conference in the case of a virtual model, at the moment that the presidency names
the vote of preference. In the event that a delegation wishes to abstain, that has not
declared itself present and voting on the call to list, it must leave its plaque on the table or
abstain from raising its virtual hand.

1.1.4. Quorum: The president will declare a session open and allow debate when there is half
plus one of the members. The presence of half plus one of the members present will be
required to make substantive decisions.

1.1.5. Definition of majorities: A simple majority is achieved when there are more votes in
favor than against. A 2/3 majority is achieved when there are at least twice the number of votes

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 in favor than against. In the event of a tie during a voting process, the matter being voted on
cannot be accepted.

1.1.6. Agenda: The agenda will determine the order in which the issues will be discussed within
the committee in the debate sessions. In committees that have only one topic, the agenda
should not be established.

1.1.7. Second a Motion: For the purposes of MUNCAS XV, the motions must
be seconded by all committee delegates.

1.1.8. Opening Speech: After establishing the order of the agenda, the committee shall
establish a motion to read the opening speeches. As the motion passes, the table will call each
delegation to the podium to read their opening speech. The duration will be one (1) minute and
thirty (30) seconds, by delegation. However, the time may be modified by the table. In the
event that a delegate has time overrun, he or she may assign the remaining time to both the
table and the next speaker.

1.1.9. Break: To go out for a break, the session must be suspended through
of a motion, which must be approved by 2/3 (majority) of the committee.

2. Procedure within the Committee

2.1.1. List of Speakers: After the approval of a motion to open a list of speakers, the chairs will
draw up a list of delegations to speak, establishing the time previously allotted for each
speaker. Those delegations that wish to be added to the list after having stipulated the order
of speakers, must make the request to the table, through floor messaging. This request must
be made before the first intervention, otherwise the table will consider it out of order.

2.1.2. Yields: After a delegate has spoken during a list of speakers, the delegate may give up
the remaining time in the following ways:

2.1.2.1. Yield time to the chair: This decision will continue to the next delegate on the
speaker's list.

2.1.2.2. Yield time to a Delegate: With this decision, the speaker can decide to which
delegation of the committee he gives his remaining time.

2.1.3. Points of information to the speaker during speakers list: At the end of an intervention
during a list of speakers, the chair should ask the delegate if the delegate is willing to answer
questions from the committee. If so, any committee delegate may ask a question to the
delegate who just made the intervention. The delegate asking the question will be chosen by

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 the chair. This delegate will have the right to ask a concise and clear question, without
preambles or explanations; if a preamble is necessary, the delegate must request it through a
personal privilege point, which may be accepted or rejected by the table. After having asked
the question, the chair will ask the delegate who will answer, if the question is clear and has
been understood. If so, the delegate will proceed to respond. Otherwise, the chair will ask the
delegate who asked the question to restructure or repeat the question.

2.1.4. Moderate Caucus (Informal Debate): The purpose of the Moderate Caucus is to
facilitate substantive debate at critical junctures of the discussion. The president will
temporarily remove himself from the list of speakers and call delegates who wish to speak.
The delegates will ask to speak by raising their platelets. The delegate who proposes the
motion must establish a time limit for the Caucus. The motion will be voted on immediately and
requires a simple majority to pass. The President may consider this motion out of order. During
the Moderate Caucus, delegates may make use of speaker information points.

2.1.5. Formal Debate: During a Formal Debate, the delegate who proposes the motion must
specify the time of the debate and the time per speaker at the table. The motion will pass with
a simple majority and the presidency will proceed to establish a list of speakers. During the
Formal Debate, the committee may make use of speaker information points.

2.1.6. Quick Round: A motion for a quick round will be approved by a simple majority. After
being approved, the chair will establish a list of speakers in which all committee delegates
participate and no delegate may abstain from speaking. During this motion there will be no
information points to the speaker.

2.1.7. Unmoderated Caucus (Lobby Time): To hold the Non-Moderate Caucus, the delegate
who made the motion must specify the duration of the motion. Unless the president considers
it out of order, this motion will proceed to an immediate vote, requiring the approval of a simple
majority. During a No Moderate Caucus, formal rules are suspended and members can discuss
matters informally. The use of electronic devices will be the discretion of the presidents. During
the Non-Moderate Caucus, the natural language of the committee must be used and there will
be no Permanent Lobby time.

2.1.8. Risk Debate: For a Risk Debate, any delegate of the committee must propose a motion,
specifying the duration of the motion. Unless it is considered out of order, this motion will
proceed to an immediate vote, requiring the approval of a simple majority. During a Debate at
Risk, the points of information to the speaker, points of order, rights to reply and points of
relevance will be suspended for the duration of the motion. The presidency may intervene at
any time.

2.1.9. Permanent Lobby: It is an option that the delegates will have to leave the commission
premises, in order to carry out academic discussions. The commissions that have the
Permanent Lobby modality, will be available throughout the model; with the exception, when

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 using a Non-Moderate Caucus (Lobby Time) or a vote within the committee. In order to use
this space, the Quorum within the committee must be half plus one of the total delegations of
the committee. Delegates do not need to make a motion to use it. The presidents may suspend
the use of the Permanent Lobby at any time. In the event that the Permanent Lobby is used
for different purposes, the presidents may admonish the delegates who incur in misuse and
suspend its use. Similarly, the table has the power to suspend the use of the Permanent Lobby
if necessary.

2.1.10. Consult the Whole: This motion may be proposed by any delegate of the committee.
Upon receiving the motion, the presidency will proceed to a vote, which will be passed by a
simple majority. The delegate who proposes the motion will have the right to intervene first
without a time limit. Once it is finished, it will decide whether or not it is open to information
points, if it is, it will be he himself who will decide the number of points to answer and the order
of the next delegate to intervene. During the consultation of the group, the table will temporarily
renounce its powers as mediator, intervening only at information points at the table, points of
order, points of personal privilege, points of relevance or when it deems it necessary
.

2.1.11. Close the debate: Any delegate within the committee can make a motion to close the
debate. This motion requires a simple majority to pass. If it passes, the debate will end and the
chair will entertain other motions.

2.1.12. Suspend the Session: With this motion, the session will be suspended until its
respective resumption. This motion will be necessary to go to recess, lunch or end a work day.

2.1.13. Closet he Session :This motion must be proposed at the end of the model, to definitively
close the commission. This motion must be approved by a 2/3 majority.

3. Parliamentary Points
3.1.1. Right to Reply: A delegate who considers that his personal or national integrity has been
challenged by another delegate may request a right to reply. Disagreement with a speaker's
remarks under the margin of respect and diplomacy does not justify a right to reply. To request
the right to reply, the delegate must send a written note, through the chat of the platform used
or floor messaging, to the presidency, explaining how his delegation was offended. The
presidency shall limit the time granted to a right to reply. The delegate must explain to the
committee how he was offended, followed by the intervention of the presidency inquiring if the
delegation that is being accused retracts what was said. It will be the authority of the table to
grant a maximum time of thirty (30) seconds to the accused, to intervene. This point cannot
interrupt a speaker

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3.1.2. Point of Order: During the discussion of any matter, a delegate may raise a point of order
to complain about incorrect parliamentary procedure. The presidency will immediately make a
decision in accordance with the correct procedure, likewise, the presidency can admonish the
offending delegate in case of an incorrect use of the point. The presidency may, without subject
to appeal, dismiss points that, in its judgment, are inappropriate. This point can interrupt a
speaker.

3.1.3. Point of Personal Privilege: A delegate may rise to a point of personal privilege to
address a concern about the Committee's environment. Acceptable concerns include the
ability to hear the speaker, connection problems or the need to leave the room, repeat the
immediately preceding intervention, resolve personal doubts, ask permission for a preamble,
approach the table, etc. The presidency can discard points that, in its opinion, are
inappropriate. This point can interrupt a speaker. This point cannot be used to resolve concerns
about any issue of the procedure, operation or issues to be discussed by the committee.

3.1.4. Point of Parliamentary Inquiry: A delegate can go to a parliamentary information point,

in order to inquire about the correct parliamentary procedure, that is, for the use of a specific
word or its pronunciation. The president will answer the query in accordance with the
procedural rules established within this HANDBOOK. This point cannot interrupt a speaker,
however it can be used during an intervention.

3.1.5. Point of information to the chair: A delegate may make use of an information point at
the table to consult the chair of the committee on any subject. This point cannot interrupt a
speaker.

3.1.6. Point of information to the speaker: A delegate can make use of the speaker
information point when they want to ask a direct question after the previously made intervention
has ended. The chair should ask the delegate if the delegate is willing to answer questions
and will acknowledge them. The delegate asking the question will be chosen by the chair. This
delegate will have the right to ask a concise and clear question, without preambles or
explanations; if a preamble is necessary, the delegate may request it through a personal
privilege point, which may be accepted or rejected by the table. After having asked the
question, the chair will ask the delegate who will answer, if the question is clear and has been
understood. If so, the delegate will proceed to respond. Otherwise, the chair will ask the
delegate who asked the question to rephrase or repeat it. The amount of information points to
the speaker allowed, will be determined by the authority of the table.

3.1.7. Point for subsequent Question: A delegate may make use of a subsequent question
point in order to ask a question behind the answer to the speaker information point. This point
will have the same procedure to a speaker information point. The number of subsequent
questions will be at the discretion of the table, it is recommended that one or a maximum of
two be recognized for the fluency of the debate.

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 3.1.8. Point of relevance: It will be used when a delegate of the assembly considers that the
subject under discussion is outside the jurisdiction of the committee or not what is established
in the agenda. The presidency will decide in its opinion the relevance of the point of relevance.
This point is interruptible.

3.1.9 Motion for quoting: This point should be used by the delegates when they wish to make
a direct reference to a source external to the committee or to the academic guide itself. The
presidents should ask the source from which the information is cited, analyze it and authorize
(or not) the use of the resource, considering its authenticity and legitimacy.

3.1.10. Motion to add to the Registry: The delegate may make use of a motion to add to the
record, when he considers that the intervention made by another delegate must be written in
the committee's file to take it into account during all the remainder of the model. The chair will
ask the delegate proposing the motion to specify explicitly what they want to add to the file.
Next, the presidency will consult with the committee about the veracity of the events narrated.
Subsequently, it will be voted within the committee, if said addition is added or discarded to
the registry. The motion will pass by simple majority. Delegates will be able to use the register
for an appointment in a subsequent intervention.

3.1.11. Motion to Reconsider a Voting: The delegate may make use of a motion to reconsider
a vote at any time he wishes. Immediately after proposing the motion, the chair shall give the
delegate one (1) minute and thirty (30) seconds to state the reasons why the vote should be
reconsidered. After the established time, the presidency must proceed to the respective vote,
which will pass by simple majority and the previous vote must be repeated.

SUBSTANTIVE ISSUES

1. Documents within the Committee

1.1.1. Working paper: This document may be presented at any time by the committee. It does
not require a minimum of drafting countries. The function of this document is to present in a
general way the position and possible solutions of a delegation or a group of delegations.
This document does not require any special structure. To introduce a working paper, the
delegation that wishes to do so will do so through a personal privilege point, they must
present it through a written document and if they wish to introduce it to the committee
through a presentation. After the presentation of the delegations drafting the document, the
presidency may open space for information points to the speaker if it considers it so.

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1.1.2. Resolute Paper: A resolution paper must have a minimum of two sponsors. The
sponsors or writers are those members who write the resolution paper. Among the sponsors
of a resolution, a maximum of 2 block heads must be chosen, which will be those delegates
who will present the resolution to the committee. A resolution role must have a minimum
number of signatories, so that the total of sponsors and signatories together, is equal to or
greater than a quarter of the members seated at the opening of the first session. The
signatories or signers are members who accept the introduction of the resolution paper; the
signatories have no further rights or obligations. Any delegate who wishes to be added to the
list of sponsors must have the approval of all existing sponsors. Upon receipt of such
approval, the president shall announce the addition of the new sponsors to the resolution.
The sponsors of a resolution cannot vote against their resolution. However, you can withdraw
your sponsorship in before the beginning of the vote of the respective resolution paper. If all
the sponsors before the start of the vote withdraw their support, the chair may ask other
delegates to sponsor the resolution. If there are no sponsors, the resolution cannot be
considered for debate and will be considered rejected. There will only be one resolution on
the floor at a time. A resolution paper requires a simple majority of votes to be approved.
Immediately a motion is proposed to present a resolution paper, the president will open a list
of speakers with two delegations in favor and two against the resolution. In the event that the
resolution paper under discussion does not pass the vote or does not meet the pre-
established requirements, it will be filed.

1.1.3.Structure Resolute Paper: The resolution paper must have the following subtitles:

1.1.3.1. Header: It should contain the following information:

1.1.3.1.1. Name of the commission.
1.1.3.1.2. Issue (s) addressed by the commission and will be resolved in this document.
1.1.3.1.3. The writing countries are written in alphabetical order.
1.1.3.1.4. The signatory countries are written in alphabetical order.

1.1.3.2. Preamble or Introduction: It must contain the following information:

1.1.3.2.1. Brief, concise and clear description of the problem (s) treated.
1.1.3.2.2. It explains the purpose of the resolution and includes the diagnosis of the situation
through the use of the perambulatory clauses.
1.1.3.2.3. Each clause must be numbered and underlined.
1.1.3.2.4. By clause there should be a single sentence that summarizes the problem under
discussion.
1.1.3.2.5. Each sentence ends in a comma.
1.1.3.2.6. It must contain at least seven (7) perambulatory phrases.

1.1.3.3. Resolute Clauses: They begin a line below the perambulatory clauses and present
the proposed action to be taken to solve the problem posed in the introduction. They show
how the countries that propose and sign the resolution have agreed to resolve the issue
discussed.
1.1.3.3.1. Each resolute clause must begin with a resolute phrase and end with a period.

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 1.1.3.3.2. Each resolute phrase will begin with a capital letter and should be underlined. If
the clause is very complex, it should be divided into shorter expressions with, which should
be listed.
1.1.3.3.3. It must contain a minimum of nine (9) resolute sentences

1.1.4. Position Paper: The position paper will be requested at the discretion of the presidents
of each commission. This document will have a quantitative value within the rubric of the
commission. The function of this document will be to summarize the information and position
of each delegate regarding the topic of discussion within the committee. The structure of the
position paper may be modified by the presidency of each commission.

1.1.5. Guidelines for the preparation of the position paper: The structure of the position
paper may be modified by the presidency of each commission. If not modified, the content of
each paper must contain the following aspects. The following data are not strictly mandatory
and vary according to the nature of the committee, in fact they can be replaced or eradicated
depending on the essence of the debate. In addition, in a special session you can refer to
recent important events in your country.

1.1.5.1. Header
1.1.5.1.1. The name of delegations and delegates is included.
1.1.5.1.2. Official name of the country.
1.1.5.1.3. Topic to be discussed.
1.1.5.2. Topic Development
1.1.5.2.1. Brief contextualization of the background of the problem and the progress that
has been made to date.
1.1.5.2.2. Description of recent events related to the problem. It is recommended to include
figures, data and graphs that support the information presented.
1.1.5.2.3. Relate these historical and current facts stating the relationship and position that
the country will assume to represent.
1.1.5.3. Position and Relation of the Country
1.1.5.3.1. Develop and argue the country's position with the topic to be treated.
1.1.5.3.2. Explain the national interest in relation to the issues.
1.1.5.3.3. Expose the contributions made by the country that have an impact on the
problem.
1.1.5.4. Conclusions
1.1.5.4.1. Show the conclusions and possible solutions that the represented country
proposes for the problem.
1.1.5.4.2. These proposals must be supported by consulting official bibliographic
references -such as PDF documents, trustworthy sources like threats and declarations,
or international news centers characterized by not being politically bias- that validate it.
1.1.5.5. Bibliography

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 1.1.5.5.1. Inclusion of all sources of information consulted, under the implementation of
APA standards. These can be consulted in the following link: https://apastyle.apa.org/

1.1.6. Research Folder: The research folder is a tool for delegates, which will serve as
preparation for the model. This document will not have a quantitative assessment within the
commission's evaluation. Delegates are suggested to follow the following structure; however,
this may be modified at the discretion of the delegates.
.
1.1.6.1. Geographical Aspects:
1.1.6.1.1. Official name of the country.
1.1.6.1.2. Geographical and astronomical position.
1.1.6.1.3. General description: Relief, hydrography, weather, etc.
1.1.6.2. Political Aspects:
1.1.6.2.1. Form of government, name of the current president, main political parties.
1.1.6.2.2. Capital, political-administrative units, main cities.
1.1.6.2.3. Affiliation with international organizations.
1.1.6.2.4. Distribution and number of armed forces.
1.1.6.3. Economic Sciences:
1.1.6.3.1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita income, national budget, and external
debt.
1.1.6.3.2. Natural resources.
1.1.6.3.3. Dominant economic sector
1.1.6.3.4. Export and import of products.
1.1.6.3.5. Currency and exchange rate against the dollar and the euro.
1.1.6.3.6. Main business partners.
1.1.6.3.7. Trade balance of the previous year.
1.1.6.4. Economic Sciences:
1.1.6.5. Another official language spoken in the country, main religion, other religions,
ethnicities.
1.1.6.6. Demographic data (Number of women, men, elderly and children; birth and death
rates; literacy and professional population index; and life expectancy).
1.1.6.7. Subject Knowledge:
1.1.6.7.1. Is your country directly involved in the problem? How?
1.1.6.7.2. What is the country's position on the problem?
1.1.6.7.3. What have been the actions of your country to address the problem? 1.1.6.7.4.
What could be the possible solutions that your country could give to the problem?

1.1.7. Opening Speech: After the roll-call vote and the definition of the agenda of the day with
the approval of the chair of the committee, each of the delegates - in alphabetical order - will
be called to read their opening speech. The speech can be read or recited by memory; this

17
will be the decision of each delegate. This speech must respect parliamentary language, it
must be consistent with the foreign policy of the country or the ideological guidelines of the
character it represents and has a time limit, which in this case is one (1) minute and thirty
(30) seconds. This document will be requested at the discretion of the presidency of each
commission, as well as the value that will be given within the rubric of the commission.

1.1.7.1. Structure:
1.1.7.1.1. Greeting Protocol: The first part of the speech refers to greeting the presidency,
personalities, representatives and others present in the room.
1.1.7.1.2. Diplomatic Introduction: An introductory paragraph that reveals the importance
of the event for the delegation that is being presented.
1.1.7.1.3. Position Paragraphs: Corresponds to the part where the officer who appears,
assumes a position on the issue or issues that will be discussed in the commission. These
paragraphs of speech should use parliamentary language and introductory phrases.
1.1.7.1.4. Operational Paragraphs: In this part of the speech, the delegate suggests to the
Commission the position of the delegation on the problems and may invite other delegates
to make particular decisions or positions. In this part of the speech, sentences from the
resolving parliamentary language should be used.
1.1.7.1.5. Closing: In this part, the delegate can leave a question for reflection, use a
famous phrase that fits the topic or create his own phrase that is a reflection among the
participants.

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1.1.8. Example of an opening speech:

September 14th-2017 16 Bogota, Colombia

Honorable chair, Distinguished delegates, Sponsors and others present in the room.
Good morning;

“Diplomacy is the art of telling plain truths without giving offense” Winston Churchill. It is
an immense honor for the delegation of Paraguay to be in an event of such important
magnitude, in where different countries around the world can meet and discuss issues of
international relevance. Paraguay´s delegation aims to search the common good before
the individual, being this the golden rule of every community in search of beneficial
interaction in the modern context. The Republic of Paraguay is in search of the peaceful
implementation of the nuclear energy, under the framework of the norms proposed by
the International Agency of Atomic Energy. On this occasion, focusing on a country that
over the years and the adversities has shown not only an enormous solidarity with the
delegation, but also, it has made clear its full state of development in several aspects.
This country receives the name of the Republic of Colombia. If every resource was stable,
prudent and static, we would be in death, therefore we have to accept sometimes the
uncertainty and risks for improvement and progress. This is the price that each nation
must be willing to pay in order to reach a fluid and continuous development. In this order
of ideas, the present delegation wants to make clear its position in terms of its total
willingness to help the needs of Colombia, with the implementation of this new plan and
in terms of the good management of nuclear waste around the world. Reaching realistic
and efficient resolutions and proposals to control this environmental pollution.

Thanks for your attention.

Sara Lucía Silva

Secretary General - MUNCAS XIV

1.1.9. Amendments: Amendments are documents that are presented during the presentation
of resolution papers. This document fulfills the function of proposing a change of content or
grammar of the paper under discussion. This document may be presented by any delegate
of the committee by floor messaging, which must be addressed to the table. The table will
present the amendments at the end of the presentation of the resolution in order of arrival.
An amendment requires a simple majority of votes for approval. There are two types of
amendments.

1.1.9.1. Friendly Amendments: If an amendment to a resolution paper receives approval

from all sponsors, the amendment will automatically be incorporated into the resolution once
it is presented to the committee. Signatories are not required to approve the amendment.

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 1.1.9.2. Non-Friendly Amendments: An amendment that does not have the approval of all
sponsors is considered a hostile or unfriendly amendment. It requires the support of a
quarter of the assembly to be debated and voted on. The table will allow the delegate
proposing the motion to present the reasons why the amendment should be considered.
Likewise, the bloc-headed delegations will have the opportunity to object to the amendment
in front of the committee. After both interventions, the amendment will be voted on. A simple
majority will be required for the amendment to be incorporated into the resolution.

1.1.10. Press Releases: This document fulfills the function of presenting information by a
delegation to the committee informally. Press releases may have a sender, as they may be
anonymous. These should be sent by courier from floor to table, which will proceed to read it
at the time it deems appropriate. Press releases do not have a defined structure, nor should
any motion be proposed to be read. Press releases may also come from press agents
involved within the commission.

2. Procedure for Documents within the Committee

2.1.1. Motion to divide the Question: This motion must be presented by any delegate of the
commission during the time in which the reading of the resolution papers is finished. The
motion will fulfill the function of debating and voting on each of the clauses present in the
document, one by one. The motion will pass by simple majority. The table will have the
power to limit the number of interventions per clause and the time per delegate.

2.1.2. Motion for a Hostile Amendment: This motion must be presented by the block heads
delegations, when they consider that an amendment is not friendly. The motion will pass by
simple majority. In case the motion passes, the amendment will be taken as an unfriendly
amendment and the respective procedure for amendments of this nature will be carried out.

PUNTOS Y MOCIONES

MOTION INTERRUPTIBLE SECONDED DECIDED

Point of order YES NO Chair

Point of Personal Privilege YES NO Chair

Point of Relevance YES NO Chair

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 Point of Parliamentary Inquiry NO NO Chair

Point of Information to the Speaker NO NO Chair

Point of Information to the Chair NO NO Chair

Point for a Subsenquent Question NO NO Chair

Right to Reply NO NO Chair

Motion to Review Quorum NO NO Chair

Motion to Stablish Agenda NO YES Simple Majority

Motion to Read Opening Speeches NO YES Simple Majority

Motion to Open Speaker List NO YES Simple Majority

Motion to Close Speaker List NO YES Simple Majority

Motion for Recess NO YES 2/3 of the

committee

Motion to Close Speaker List NO YES 2/3 of the

committee

Motion for Informal Debate NO YES Simple Majority

Motion for Formal Debate NO YES Simple Majority

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 Motion for a Risky Debate NO YES Simple Majority

Motion for a Quick Round NO YES Simple Majority

Motion for a Lobby Time NO YES Simple Majority

Motion to Consult to the Whole NO YES Simple Majority

Motion to Extend the Debate Time NO YES Simple Majority

Motion to Reduce the Debate Time NO YES Simple Majority

Motion to Close a Debate NO YES Simple Majority

Motion for Reconsideration NO YES Simple Majority

Motion to Add to the Registry NO YES Simple Majority

Motion to Vote a Resolute Paper NO YES Simple Majority

Motion to Vote an Amendment NO YES Simple Majority

Motion to archive a Resolute Paper NO YES Simple Majority

Motion for a Hostile Amendement NO YES 1/4 of the committee

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 Motion to Divide the Question NO YES Simple Majority

Motion for a Hostile Amendment NO YES Simple Majority

Motion for introduce a Directive (GAC) NO YES Simple Majority

Motion for Vote a Directive (GAC) NO YES Simple Majority

Motion for a Tag Lobby Time (GAC) NO YES Simple Majority

PREAMBULATORY PHRASES
Acknowledging Encouraged Noting Further Affirming Endorsing Noting with approval Anxious
Expressing appreciation Noting with deep concern Appreciating Expressing deep appreciation Noting
with regret Aware Expecting Noting with satisfaction Bearing in mind Fulfilling Observing Being
convinced Fully aware Realizing Cognizant Fully bearing in mind Recalling Concerned Grieved
Recognizing Confident Guided by Referring Conscious Having adopted Regretting Considering
Having approved Reiterating Contemplating Having considered Seeking Convinced Having decided
Stressing Declaring Having examined further Taking into account Deeply disturbed Having received
Taking note

RESOLUTIVES PHRASES

Accepts Designates Notes with appreciation Adopts Emphasizes Notes with approval Affirms
Encourages Notes with interest Appeals Endorses Notes with satisfaction Appreciates Expresses its
appreciation Reaffirms Approves Expresses its conviction Recognizes Authorizes Expresses its regret
Recommends Calls upon Expresses its sympathy Regrets Commends Expresses its thanks
Reiterates Concurs Expresses the belief Renews its appeal Condemns Expresses the hope Repeats
Confirms Further invites Suggests Congratulates Further proclaims Supports Considers Further
reminds Takes note of Decides Further recommends Transmits Declares Further resolves Urges
Deplores Instructs Directs Accepts Designates Notes with appreciation Adopts Emphasizes Notes
with approval

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