Sentence Crafting • Example: (same objects or verbs)
Newspaper is a type of media that
Importance of Combining Sentence
• To communicate effectively to
readers.
• To make writing interesting.
• To demonstrate creativity and unique
writing style.
• Makes the paragraph shorter, more
precise and more interesting.
Compounding Elements
• You can combine sentences by making
compound subjects, verbs, direct
objects, or indirect objects.
• Example: (same subject)
Every news story is influenced by
attitudes.
Every news story is influenced by
assumptions.
Every news story is influenced by
background of the writers.
(keep the subject and join the verbs)
Every news story is influenced by
attitudes, assumptions, and
background of the writers.
caters to a specific target audience.
Radio is a form of media that caters to
a specific target audience.
Television is also a type of media that
caters to a specific target audience.
(keep the objects and the verbs and
join the subjects)
Newspaper, radio, and television are
types of media that cater to specific
target audiences.
• Examples:
Misleading content is a type of
content that frame or presents issues
in certain ways.
Misleading content is a type of
content that uses cropping photos.
Misleading content is a type of
content that chooses quotes or
statistics selectively.
Answer:
Misleading content is a type of
content that frame or presents issues
in certain ways, uses cropping photos,
and chooses quotes or statistics
selectively.
 Subordinating Conjunctions

Coordinating Conjunctions • A word we can use to combine

dependent and independent clauses.
• Conjunctions is used to combine
• A – although / as / after
sentences.
Wh – whenever / wherever / when /
• Are words we can use to combine
which / whereas
words, phrases, or clauses that are
I – if / in case / in order
equally important.
T – that / though / til
• F – for, A – and, N – nor, B – but, O –
E – even / even though / even if
or, Y – yet, S – so
B – because / before
• Example:
U – until / unless
The internet is an incredible resource
S – since
for news and information.
• Example:
Always being connected can cause
Unfortunately, not everything online
problems.
is trustworthy.

Moderate your screen time and watch

Answer: Opposing ideas
out for false information.
The internet is an incredible resource
for news and information, but
Answer: Conditional
unfortunately not everything online is
Always being connected can cause
trustworthy.
problems if you do not moderate your
screen time and watch out for false
information.
Usage of Appositive to connect ideas

• A word, phrase, or clause used to Accurate English

rename or re-describe a nearby noun.
• Entrepreneur - /ˈäntrəprəˌnər/
• Example:
• Adjective – all of the words that have
S1: Satire or parody is a type of
adj should not pronounce the letter d.
misleading information.
(silent d)
S2: It has no intention to harm but
• Infuriating - /inˈfyo͝orēˌādiNG/
potential to fool.
• Burry – (berry) /ˈbərē/
• Career - /kəˈrir/
Method of connection: Used
• Carrier – /keh – ree – ur/
appositives by placing commas to add
• Choir - /ˈkwīər/ (k+wire)
more information on the main topic.
• Clothes - /klō(T͟H)z/ (close)
• Cupboard – /ˈkəbərd/ (silent p and o)
Answer:
• Drawer - /drôr/ (silent w)
Satire or parody, a type of misleading
• Extraordinary – /ekˈstrôrdnˌerē/ (silent
information, has no intention to harm
a)
but potential to a fool.
• Failure – /ˈfālyər/
• Gauge - /ɡeɪdʒ/
Explanation:
• Hollywood – /ˈhɑː.li.wʊd/ (o pronounce
In the example, the appositive “a type
as a and y is pronounce as i)
of misleading information” is a phrase
that follows the nouns “satire or • Hotel - /hōˈtel/

parody” and provides additional • Iron - ī′ərn

explanation. • Lawyer - /ˈläyər/


Word Choice
• It is a fundamental aspect of writing
that holds significant importance.
• It impacts the precision and clarity of
the message, sets the tone and mood,
creates imagery and engages the
reader’s senses.
• Carefully chosen words enhance
credibility, persuasion, and
characterization, while being
culturally sensitive and contextually
appropriate.
• It allows writers to craft their message
effectively and connect with their
intended audience.
Differentiating Connotation and Denotation
• Precision and Clarity – the words
chosen in writing determine how
precisely and clearly the intended
message is conveyed to the reader.
Selecting precise words ensures that
the writer’s ideas are communicated
accurately.
• Imagery and description – well-
chosen words can create vivid and
engaging imagery in the reader’s
mind. By selecting words that appeal
to the sense, writers can paint a
detailed picture, making their writing
more immersive and captivating.
• Tone and Mood – word choice sets
the tone and mood of a piece of
writing. By carefully selecting words
with specific connotations, writers can
evoke different emotions, create
desired atmospheres, and shape the
experience.
• Characterization – word choice can
also define the characters in writing.
The words used to describe a
character’s speech, thoughts, or
actions can convey their personality
traits, attitudes, and motivations,
adding depth and realism.
• Connotation – refers to the
emotional, cultural, or subjective
associations and implications that a
word carries beyond its explicit or
dictionary meaning. It represents the
additional layers of meaning that a
word holds, including the emotional
and cultural nuances that can vary
among individuals and contexts.
➢ Example: the word ‘home’
may have connotations of
warmth, security and comfort.
 • Denotation – refers to the literal or
primary meaning of a word as stated
in a dictionary. It is the objective and
explicit definition of a word, without
subjective interpretations. It
represents the core, universally
understood meaning of a word,
allowing for clear communication.
➢ Example: the denotation of
the word ‘house’ refers to a
building where people live,
without any emotional or
subjective implications.
Differentiating the TONE and MOOD
• Tone – refers to the writer’s attitude,
perspective or stance towards the
subject matter, audience, or events in
a literary work.
➢ Attitude – It is the writer’s
expression of their feelings,
opinions, or attitudes through
their writing style and
language choices.
➢ Communication – it is
communicated through the
author’s choice of words,
syntax, sentence structure,
and rhetorical devices.
➢ Example: formal, humorous,
ironic, serious, sarcastic, or
empathetic tones.
➢ Refers to the attitude or
emotions that the narrator
holds towards the subject.
• Mood – refer to the overall feeling of
a writer creates in a literary work.
➢ It is the atmosphere or vibe
that evokes certain emotions
or sets the emotional tone for
the reader.
➢ It is the result of the writer’s
choice of words to create an
emotional experience.
➢ Refers to how the reader is
supposed to feel when reading
the work.
➢ Emotional Effect – aims to
influence the reader’s
emotions, immersing them in
a particular emotional state or
experience.
➢ Created Through – established
through the author’s choice of
descriptive details, imagery,
setting, and language to evoke
specific emotions in the
reader.
➢ Example: suspenseful,
peaceful, eerie, romantic, or
melancholic moods