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MTS Module2 Fs
MTS Module2 Fs
MTS Module2 Fs
Units of Measurement
1. Reading ruler.
2. English System units of length.
3. English System units of weight.
4. English System units of capacity.
5. Units of time.
V. LESSON CONTENT
1. Reading a Ruler
A ruler is one of the most common tools used for measuring distances or lengths.
It is an instrument that can be used for measuring distances or to draw straight lines in
printing, geometry, technical drawing and many other things.
First ruler was a measuring rod made of copper alloy and it dated from 2650 BC.
That measuring rod was found by German assyriologist Eckhard Unger. In 1500 BC
there were ivory rulers used by the Indus Valley Civilization. Some findings in Lothal
proved that there was a ruler which was calibrated to 1.6 millimeters, and it was 4400
years old. Mohenjo-Daro ruler has accuracy within 0.13 millimeters. The first folding ruler
was invented by Anton Ullrich, and the first flexible ruler was made in 1902.
In accordance with Section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this
material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 1 of 12
R.M.Abalos Jr.
Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: SCC1-1STSEM-2020-2021
Rulers come in a different shapes sizes and materials. Some of that materials are
plastic, wood and metal. Metal, as a stronger material, if often used for a workshop
rulers. Rulers that are used for office work are usually made of wood. Rulers can be
made in different sizes. Usual size for a desk ruler is 30 cm. Longer ruler size is 45 cm.
There is also small rulers that can fit in a pocket and carpenter rulers that can be folded
in a zig-zag shape. For a larger measuring distances yardstick (1 yard) and meter sticks
(1 meter) are in use but today it is more and more replaced by tape measure and laser
rangefinders.
Three main usages of desk rulers are to measure, to draw lines and as a straight guide
for cutting with a sharp blade. A line gauge ruler is a ruler that is mostly used in the
printing industry. Units on that kind of the ruler are millimeters, inches, agate, picas, and
points. One of the specialized rulers is a shrinkage ruler. That type of ruler is designed
for making a wooden mold for a metal slightly bigger that the finished product because of
the shrinkage rate of the metal.
Rulers don't always measure straight line. Sometimes, like in tailoring industry, it is
needed to measure a person waist measurement for example, so there is a folding
measurement instrument for that purpose.
There is also a virtual ruler, a ruler software or a screen rulers. It can be used to
measure pixels on computers or mobile phones. Contrary to that, there is also a ruler for
drawing curved lines. That kind of ruler is known as a French curve. There is also a
flexible device known as a flat spline or flexible curve which can be bent into a desirable
shape.
The figure below shows part of a ruler. Most rulers are 12 inches (1 foot) long. Since 12
inches = 1 foot, a ruler is divided into 12 equal lengths of 1 inch. Each inch is divided into
halves of an inch, quarters of an inch, eighths of an inch, and sixteenths of an inch.
The left end of a ruler can be (but sometimes isn’t) labeled with a 0. Each point on a
ruler, like each point on a number line, has a number associated with it. That number is
the distance between the point and 0. Several lengths on the ruler are shown below.
Example:
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material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 2 of 12
R.M.Abalos Jr.
Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: SCC1-1STSEM-2020-2021
Why Then we can find the length of the paper clip by identifying
where its other end lines up on the tick marks printed in black on the
ruler.
Solution Since the tick marks between 0 and 1 on the ruler create
eight equal spaces, the ruler is scaled in eighths of an inch. The paper
3
clip is 1 inches long.
8
Approach We will place a ruler below the nail, with the left end of the
ruler (which could be thought of as 0) directly underneath the head of
the nail.
Why Then we can find the length of the nail by identifying where
its pointed end lines up on the tick marks printed in black on the ruler.
Solution
Since the
tick marks
between 0 and
1 on the ruler
create sixteen
equal spaces,
the ruler is
scaled in
7
sixteenths of an inch. The nail is 2 inches long.
16
2. English System Units of Length
2.1 Definition
The English system of measurement uses the units of inch, foot, yard, and mile
to measure length. These units are related in the following ways.
3 ft 1 yd
=
1 yd 1 yd
3 ft
=1
1 yd
1 yd
Simplify the right side of the equation. A number divided by itself is 1: = 1.
1 yd
3 ft
The fraction is called a unit conversion factor, because its value is 1. It can
1 yd
be read as “3 feet per yard.” Since this fraction is equal to 1, multiplying a length
by this fraction does not change its measure; it changes only the units of
measure. To convert units of length in the English system of measurement, we
use the following unit conversion factors. Each conversion factor shown below is a
form of 1.
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material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 4 of 12
R.M.Abalos Jr.
Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: SCC1-1STSEM-2020-2021
3 ft
yards by the unit conversion factor .8 yards is equal to 24 feet.
1 yd
¿
Unit we want ¿ introduce – Numerator eliminate¿
Unit we want ¿
– Denominator
3
2. Convert 1 feet to inches.
4
3
Approach We will multiply 8 yards1 feet by a carefully chosen unit
4
conversion factor
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material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 5 of 12
R.M.Abalos Jr.
Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: SCC1-1STSEM-2020-2021
3
1 feet is equal to 21 inches.
4
3. A football field (including both end zones) is 120 yards long. Convert this
length to miles. Give the exact answer and a decimal approximation, rounded
to the nearest hundredth of a mile.
Why We must use a two-part process because the table on page 445
does not contain a single unit conversion factor that converts from yards to
miles.
Solution Since there are 3 feet per yard, we can convert 120 yards to feet by
3 ft
multiplying by the unit conversion factor . Since there is 1 mile for every
1 yd
5,280 feet, we can convert that result to miles by multiplying by the unit
1 mi
conversion factor .
5280 ft
In accordance with Section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this
material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 6 of 12
R.M.Abalos Jr.
Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: SCC1-1STSEM-2020-2021
3
A football field (including the end zones) is exactly miles long. We can also
44
present this conversion as a decimal. If we divide 3 by 44 (as shown on the right),
and round the result to the nearest hundredth, we see that a football field (including
the end zones) is approximately 0.07 mile long.
3.1. Definition
The American system of measurement uses the units of ounce, pound, and ton to
measure weight. These units are related in the following ways.
In accordance with Section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this
material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 7 of 12
R.M.Abalos Jr.
Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: SCC1-1STSEM-2020-2021
Example:
There are two ways to complete the solution. First, we can remove any
common factors of the numerator and denominator to simplify the fraction.
Then we can write the result as a mixed number.
In accordance with Section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this
material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 8 of 12
R.M.Abalos Jr.
Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: SCC1-1STSEM-2020-2021
1.1. Definition
The American system of measurement uses the units of ounce, cup, pint, quart, and
gallon to measure capacity. These units are related as follows.
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material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 9 of 12
R.M.Abalos Jr.
Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: SCC1-1STSEM-2020-2021
Example:
1. If a recipe calls for 3 pints of milk, how many fluid ounces of milk should
be used?
Why We must use a two-part process because the table on page 449
does not contain a single unit conversion factor that converts from pints to
fluid ounces
Solution Since there are 2 cups per pint, we can convert 3 pints to
2c
cups by multiplying by the unit conversion factor . Since there are 8
1 pt
fluid ounces per cup, we can convert that result to fluid ounces by
8 fl oz
multiplying by the unit conversion factor .
1c
2. Units of Time
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material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 10 of
12
R.M.Abalos Jr.
Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: SCC1-1STSEM-2020-2021
2.1. Definition
The American system of measurement (and the metric system) use the units of second,
minute, hour, and day to measure time. These units are related as follows.
Units of Time
1 minute (min) = 60 seconds (sec) 1 hour (hr) = 60 minutes
1 day = 24 hours
Example:
1. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth is between the sun and the moon in
such a way that Earth’s shadow darkens the moon. (See the figure below,
which is not to scale.) A total lunar eclipse can last as long as 105 minutes.
Express this time in hours
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material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 11 of
12
R.M.Abalos Jr.
Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: SCC1-1STSEM-2020-2021
3
A total lunar eclipse can last as long as 1 hours.
4
VIII. REFERENCES
https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/English+units+of+measurement
Lumen candela
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/units-of-measurement/
Everything You Need To Know About Measurement. (n.d.). Retrieved August 7, 2020,
from https://www.mtiinstruments.com/knowledge-center/what-is-measurement-
measurement-definition-all-you-need-to-know/
In accordance with Section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this
material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.
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R.M.Abalos Jr.