PENETRANT EXAMINATION

PROCEDURE
(Based on ASME 831.3, 2004)

DOCUMENT NO : QP-OPRII-O7

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PT SURVEYOR INDONESIA

Revision: 01

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PositiON : ASNT NDT LEVEL III Position : ASNT NDT LEVEL III
Date : MARCH 07,299! Date : MARCH 07,2005
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PT SLIRVEYOR

INDEX

TABLE OF CONTENT :

1,0 scoPE

2.0 APPLICABLE CODES

3,0 PERSONNEL QUALIFICAION

4.0 PENETMNT MATERIALS

5.0 PROCEDURE

6.0 EVALUATION OF INDICATION

7.0 ACCEPTANCESTANDARDS

8.0 REPAIR REQUIREMENTS

9,0 POST EXAMINATION CLEANING

10.O RE-EXAMINATION

11.0 PROCEDUREQUALIFICATION

Lz,O REPORTING

13.0 SAFETY

14.0 PERFORMANCE DEMONSTRATION

APPENDIX-IREQUIREMENTSoFALIQUIDPENETMNTEXAMINATIoNPRoCEDURE

APPENDIX_2PT'SURVEYoRINDoNESIAPENETMNTEXAMINATIoNREPoRT
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REVISION SHEET

lune 06, 2003

March 07, 2005

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d*ut
1.0 scoPE
for color contrast visible
1.1 This procedure provides the requirements and acceptance standards
on austenitie stainless steel, carbonifieel, nickel base
Oye penetrant examination of weldment
in accordance with-ASME BPV Sect. V Article OfO04EOition
ailoys and titanium materiats
penetrant system' V'"
l.Z This procedure is applicable to the solvent removable

2.O APPLICABLE CODES

2.t PT. Surveyor Indonesia Quality--Manual
2.2 ASME BPV Sect' V Article 6,"2994 Edition
2.3 ASME BPV Sect./ )lsE 165,'20b1 Edition
2.4 ASME 831.3,Qorry.Edition with the
No. SI-TC-IA Rev' 1 in compliance
2.5 pT. Surveyor-ilndonesia Written Practice Doc.Edition
guidelines provided in ASNT SNT-TC-1A, 2004

3.0 PERSON N EL QUALIFTCATTON

with this procedure shall be
Personnel performing liquid Penetrant Examination in accordance
Practice for NDE Personnel
qualified and certified in accordance with PT. irr.yo, Indonesia Written
Procedure No. : SI-TC-IA, Rev. 1
to specification' should be
A Level II technician shall be qualified to set up and interpretlesults
and report NDT results'
familiar with the scope of test methods to organize

4.0 PENETRANT MATERIALS

be used for the liquid penetrant examination
The following list of materials (or their equivalent) shall
Suoplier Material TvPe

Magnaflux Penetrant SKL-SPI or Westers 1075

Remover SKC-S or Westers 1076
Or Westers
Developer SKD-S2 or Westers 1077

The user of this penetrant materials shall obtain certification

of contaminant content for all liquid
steel, and titanium' These
penetrant materiSli used on nictel baie illoyt, austenitic stainless
batch numbers and the test results obtained
ceftifications shall include the penetranirirriqlAl,ler's
Edition Paragraph T-64L'
in accordance with ASME BPV bect. V Article 6(2004
\_.
5.0 PROCEDURE
5.1 Suface PreParation
method may be necessary where
5.1.1 Surface preparation by grinding, machining, or other
discontinuities' Grit or
sudace irregularities could m;sk indications of unacceptable
is prohibited as a method of surface preparation.
,t,oi uturtin6
each liquid penetrant examination, the surface to be
examined and all
5.t.2 Prior to
free of all dirt, grease, lint,
adjacent areas within at List 25 mm shall be dry and
extraneous matter that could
scale, welding flux, wero ipitter, point, oil and other
obscure surfaie openings oi otherwise intefere
with the examination.
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solvents, descaling
5.1.3 Typical cleaning agents which may be used are detergents, organic
cleaning methods may also be
soiutions anO p-aini remover. Degreasing and ultrasonic
used,
penetrant
5.1.4 The remover listen in paragraph 4.0 shall be used for cleaning prior to the
examination.

5.2 Pre-Examination cleaning and drying

After cleaning, drying of the sufaces to be examined shall be accomplished
by normal
A minimum of two (2) minute or ensure that the
o"i witir f6rced hot or cold air.
"riportion prior to application of the penetrant and maximum of fifteen
cleaning solution has evaporated
minutei (15) is applied prior to penetrant application

s.3 Penetrant aPPlication

be within the
5.3.1 The temperature of the penetrant and the surface being examined shall
range of 10o C to 52o C, throughout the examination period'
the sudace of
5,3,2 The dye penetrant may be applied by dipping, spraying or brushing to
part being examined. The entire parts Oeing-examined shall be maintained wet with
tne Aye penetrant for minimum dwell times as per Table 1'

5.4 Excess Penetrant removal

suface shall be
After the penetrant time has elapsed, any penetrant remaining on the
removed by wiping with a cloth or absorbent paper, repeating
the operation until most traces
of penetrant have been removed'
The remaining traces shall be removed by lightly wiping the suface
with cloth or absorbent
paper molsteied with solvent. To minimize removal of penetrant from discontinuities,
care

shall be taken to avoid the use of excess solvent'

surface with solvent, following the application of the
penetrant and prior to
Flushing the
developing, is Prohibited.
5.5 Drying after excess penetrant removal
For solvent removable technique, the surfaces may be dried
by normal evaporation' blotting'
wiping, or forced air within 2 to 5 minutes prior to applying developer and ensure that the
surfaie of part being examined is dry and clean

5.6 Developing
penetrant removal and
5.6.1 Apply developer ASAP complying to section 5.5 as above after
ttie fian is dry for all surfaces under examination. It shall be applied by spraying'

Developing time for final interpretation begins immediately after

a wet developer
5.6.2 required by Table 1'
coating is dry- The minimum developing time shall be as
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Table 1. Minimum DwellTimes

DwellTimes
(minutes)*
Material Form Type of Discontinuity
Penetrant Developer

Aluminum, magnesium, Casting and welds Cold shuts, porosity, 5 10

steel brass and bronze, lack of fusion cracks
titanium and high (allforms)
temperature alloys
Wrought materials Laps, crack (all forms) 10
extrusions, forging, 10
plate
Carbide-tipped tools Lack of fusion, porosity, 5
10
crack
Plastic Allforms Crack 5
v Glass
Ceramic
Allforms
Allforms
Crack
Crack
5
5
10

Note : x For temperature range from 50o F to 1250 F (10o C to 52o C)

5.7 Interpretation
5.7.1 Final interpretation
Final interpretation shall be made within 10 to 60 minutes after the requirement of
paragraph 5.6.2 is satisfied. If bleed-out does not alter the examination results,
longer period are permitted.
5.7.2 Characterizing indications(s)
The type of discontinuities are difficult to evaluate of the penetrant diffuses
excessively into the developer. If this condition occurs, close observation of the
formation of indication(s) during application of the developer may assist in
characterizing and determining the extent of the indication(s)'
5.7.3 Surface discontinuities are indicated by bleed-out of the penetrant which is
normally a deep red color that stains the developer. Indications with a light pink
color may indicate excessive cleaning. Inadequate cleaning may leave an excessive
\- back ground making interpretation difficult. A minimum light intensity of 100 fc
(1000 Lx) is required to ensure adequate sensitivity during the examination and
evaluation of indications.

6.0 EVALUATION OF INDICATION

6.1 All indications that area suspect shall be investigated to the extent that the examiner can
evaluate such indications in terms of the liquid penetrant acceptance standards for weldments'

7.O ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS

7.1 ANSI 831.3 Table 34t.3.2,2004 Edition (For subsurface and open to the surface crack
detection only)
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8.0 REPAIRREQUIREMENTS
Unacceptable imperfections shall be repaired and re-examination made to assure removal or
reduction to an acceptable size by the same procedure use for the original examination.

9.O POST EXAMINATION CLEANING

When required, post examination cleaning shall be accompanied by removal of residual penetrant
materials by flushing with solvent then flnally wiping with rugs.

1O.O RE.EXAMINATION
A re-examination shall be carried out by the liquid penetrant system originally used. Where any
changes in the liquid penetrant procedure used for re-examination occur, it must be accompanied by
written authorization from the client and shall include a cleaning procedure which will ensure the
complete removal of any penetrant residues of the original penetrant. These residues may reduce
the sensitivity of the re-examination.
A re-examination shall be carried out if the background is such that interpretation of indications is
impaired or when the customer requests a re-examination'

11.0 PROCEDURE QUALIFICATTON

When procedure qualification is specified, a change of requirement in Appendix 1 identified as an
essential variable from the specified value, or range of values, shall require requalification of the
written procedure. A change of a requirement identified as a nonessential variable from the specified
value, or range of values, does not require requaliflcation of the written procedure.

Lz.O REPORTING
Result of each examination shall be recorded on report form for liquid penetrant
Examination in Appendix 2. These shall contain all penetrant information
concerning the materials for weld inspected.

13.0 SAFETY
13.1 Care shall be exercised during examination for penetrant materials with
relatively toxic and highly flammable.
L3.2 Manufacturer's direction shall be followed at all times.
13.3 Smoking is prohibited while performing liquid penetrant examination.
13.4 Controlled conditions shall be established for correct disposal of pressure
aerosol cans.

14.0 PERFORMANCE DEMONSTRATION

pedormance demonstration when required by the referencing code section, shall be
Documented.
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P'I' SU R YE YOR I N DON ESI A

APPENDIX 1

REQUIREMENTS OF A LIQUID PENETRANT EXAMINATION PROCEDURE

Requirement Essential Nonessential

Variable Variable

Identification of and any change in type or family group of

penetrant materials including developers, emulsifiers, etc') x
Su#ace preparation (finishing and cleaning, including type of
X

cleaning solvent)
X
Method of aPPlYing Penetrant
X
Method of removing excess surface penetrant
Hydrophilic or lipophilic emulsifier concentration and dwell
X
time in dip tanks and agitation time for hydrophilic emulsifiers
X
Hydrophilic emulsifier concentration in spray applications
X
Method of aPPlYing develoPer
X
Minimum and maximum time periods between steps and drying aids
Decrease in Penetrant dwell time
x
X
Increase in developers dwell time ( Interpretation Time)
X
Minimum light intensitY
oF ( 10 to 52
Surface temperature outside 50 to 125 "C) or as
previously qualified x
X
Performance demonstration , when required
X
Personnel qualification requirements
X
Materials, shapes, or size to be examined and the extent of examination
X
Post examination cleaning technique

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APPENDIX-2

PT. Surveyor Indonesia Penetrant Examination Report