Key Cybersecurity Topics to Learn for a career in ICS/OT Cybersecurity

Operational technology (OT) cybersecurity is a complex field that requires a difficult blend of skills in
ICS such as understanding of OT systems, protocols, and architectures, and the latest cybersecurity
threats and countermeasures. Here are some key cybersecurity topics to learn for a career in ICS/OT
cybersecurity:

1. OT systems and protocols: Understanding the unique characteristics of OT systems and protocols
is essential for effective cybersecurity. This includes understanding the different types of OT systems,
such as PLC, SCADA, DCS, and the protocols used to communicate with these systems, such as
Modbus, Ethernet/IP and OPC.

2. Purdue model: This is one of the most important topics in ICS/OT cybersecurity. It is very important
to know what system or device will be placed where and what will be the configuration of DMZ.

3. Network security: Network security is a critical component of ICS/OT cybersecurity, as many OT

systems are connected to corporate networks and the internet. Topics to learn include network
segmentation, firewalls, intrusion detection and prevention, and VPNs.

4. Risk management: Effective risk management is essential for ICS/OT cybersecurity, as it helps
identify vulnerabilities and develop appropriate countermeasures. Topics to learn include risk
assessment methodologies, vulnerability scanning, and threat modelling.

5. Incident response: Responding to cybersecurity incidents is a critical component of ICS/OT

cybersecurity. Topics to learn include incident response planning and management, digital forensics,
and malware analysis.

6. Regulatory compliance: Many industries have regulatory requirements for ICS/OT cybersecurity,
such as NERC CIP and IEC 62443. Understanding these requirements and how to comply with them is
essential for working in regulated industries.

7. Emerging threats: The threat landscape for ICS/OT systems is constantly evolving, with new threats
and vulnerabilities emerging all the time. Staying up-to-date with the latest threats and
countermeasures is essential for effective ICS/OT cybersecurity.

By learning about these cybersecurity topics, professionals can build a solid foundation for a career
in ICS/OT cybersecurity and make a meaningful contribution to securing critical infrastructure
systems.
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