CHAPTER 3

The American Civil War

Question 1.
1> ABRAHAM LINCOIN,
2> HE WAS ASSASSINATED IN APRIL 1865.
3>HE ISSUED THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMANATION, WHICH DECLARED THE
EMANCIPATION OF SLAVES IN 10 CONFEDERATE STATES.

QUESTION 2.
1> TRUE
2> TRUE
3> FALSE
4> TRUE
5> FALSE

QUESTION 3.
1>. The two important development that had taken place in nineteenth century
in America was the westward expansion of the United States and industrial
development followed by The American Civil War which ended slavery in
America.
2>.The Northern part of America had a large manufacturing industries for which
they wanted to free the slaves and create more free labour for industries. The
Southern states had large plantation of sugar and cotton and for which they
wanted slave labour. So the slavery was the main reason of conflict between
them.
3>. Abraham Linoin was elected as the president of America and he was highly
critical of slavery and therefore the southern states demanded secession. As
Lioncoin issued the Emancitpation Proclamation which declared emancipation of
slaves,the southern states seceded from the USA.
4>. The two books that had a considerable influence on the American Civil War
were “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” which was written by Harriet Beecher in 1852 and
other were “Impending Crisis Of The South”written by Hilton Rowan Helper
published in 1857.
5>.The factors that led to the victory of the northerners over the southern states
were the superior resources of the north and the leadership of President
Abraham Lincoin.

Question 4:
1>.The northerners wanted to put end to slavery in the southern states. They
were, therefore termed as Abolitionists. An abolitionist, as the name
implies, is a person who sought to abolish slavery during the 19th
century. More specifically, these individuals sought the immediate and
full emancipation of all enslaved people. The abolitionists saw slavery
as an abomination and an affliction on the United States, making it
their goal to eradicate slave ownership. They sent petitions to
Congress, ran for political office and inundated people of the South
with anti-slavery literature. These staunch activists wanted to abolish
slavery completely. Most early abolitionists were white, religious
Americans, but some of the most prominent leaders of the movement
were also Black men and women who had escaped from bondage.

2> The Confederate States of America, commonly referred to as the

Confederate States or the Confederacy, was an unrecognized
breakaway confederate republic in the Southern United States that
existed from 1861 to 1865.The southern states,led by Jefferson
Davis,seceded from the America and formed the Conferederate states
with Davis as its President. The secession of South Carolina was
followed by the secession of six more states—Mississippi, Florida,
Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas–and the threat of secession
by four more—Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina.
These eleven states eventually formed the Confederate States of
America.
3>. American Civil War, also called War Between the States, four-year
war (1861–65) between the United States and 11 Southern states that
seceded from the Union and formed the Confederate States of
America. The civil war was fought between 1861 and 1865 and lasted
4 years. War broke out in April 1861 when secessionist forces
attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina shortly after Abraham Lincoln
had been inaugurated as the President of the United States.At 4:30
a.m. on April 12, 1861, Confederate troops fired on Fort Sumter in
South Carolina's Charleston Harbor. Less than 34 hours later, Union
forces surrendered. Traditionally, this event has been used to mark
the beginning of the Civil War.
4>. Abraham Lincoln was the elected president from the Republican
party in 1860 . He was highly critical of slavery while the southern
states needed slaves ,they ordered secession. There was a strong
resentment against his election also in the southern states . This
provoked him to declare war on Southern Confederacy.
5>. The Civil War in the United States began in 1861, after decades of
simmering tensions between northern and southern states over
slavery, states' rights and westward expansion. ... The War Between
the States, as the Civil War was also known, ended in Confederate
surrender in 1865.Northern victory in the war preserved the United
States as one nation and ended the institution of slavery that had
divided the country from its beginning. American Civil War ended with
the victory of Nandan forces, abolition of slavery and unification of
the American States.
Question 5.
Short Notes;
1>. The Battle of Gettysburg was fought July 1–3, 1863, in and around
the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, by Union and Confederate
forces during the American Civil War. The battle involved the largest
number of casualties of the entire war and is often described as the
war's turning point. Gettysburg ended Confederate general Robert E.
Lee's ambitious second quest to invade the North and bring the Civil
War to a swift end. The loss there dashed the hopes of the
Confederate States of America to become an independent nation.
2>. President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation
on January 1, 1863, as the nation approached its third year of bloody
civil war. The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves"
within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free."
With this Proclamation he hoped to inspire all Black people, and
enslaved people in the Confederacy in particular, to support the
Union cause and to keep England and France away from giving
political recognition and military aid to the Confederacy.
3>. The Confederate States of America, commonly referred to as the
Confederate States or the Confederacy, was an unrecognized
breakaway confederate republic in the Southern United States that
existed from February 8, 1861, to May 9, 1865. The Confederacy was
formed on February 8, 1861, by seven slave states: South Carolina,
Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. [8] All
seven were in the Deep South region of the United States, whose
economy was heavily dependent upon agriculture—particularly
cotton—and a plantation system that relied upon enslaved Americans
of African descent for labor. White supremacy and slavery were
threatened by Abraham Lincoln as U.S. president on a platform that
opposed the expansion of slavery into the western territories, the
seven slave states seceded from the United States. The secession of
South Carolina was followed by the secession of six more states—
Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas–and the
threat of secession by four more—Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and
North Carolina. These eleven states eventually formed the
Confederate States of America and choose Jefferson Davis as its
president.