Module C.E. 1 Long

WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY-PHILIPPINES
MARIA AURORA EXTENSION

MARIA AURORA, AURORA
CHRISTIAN EDUCATION 1
“INTRODUCTION TO THE BIBLE”
Lesson 1 : INTRODUCTION TO THE BIBLE

Objective:
Every learner should know the history of the bible from its origin. The learners should know
that the bible was the inspired words of God that can be used for doctrine, for re-proof and
correction in righteousness.
Introduction:
The bible is unlike any other books, it has no expiration. It is profitable at all times to all
generation. It does more than give an account of events that happened long ago. Although that in
itself is valuable. The bible does more recounts man’s search for God, although there is much that
can be learn from it.
Motivation:
You should gain information on what the bible is, the origin of the bible. How it is made and
how it is come to the Philippines.
The Bible came to us

Bible
IT IS DERIVED FROM THE GREEK WORD BIBLOS WHICH MEANS BOOKS.
THERE ARE 66 INDIVIDUAL BOOK.
●39 BOOKS IN THE OLD TESTAMENT ( WRITTEN IN HEBREW, THE LANGUAGE OF THE
JEWISH PEOPLE WITH A FEW PART OF ARAMAIC)
●27 BOOKS INTHE NEW TESTAMENT (WRITTEN ENTIRELY IN GREEK, THE COMMON
LANGUAGE OF THE TIME)
THE EARLIEST BIBLICAL TEXT WERE WRITTEN ON SCROLLS MADE FROM PAPYRUS OR A
PARCHMENT.
 PAPYRUS ( A PLANT BASED PAPER)

 PARCHMENT ( ANIMAL SKIN THAT HAD BEEN SCRAPED, BURNISHED AND STITCHED
TOGETHER)
THE BIBLICAL BOOKS HAD TO BE COPIED OVER AGAIN AND AGAIN SO THAT THEY
COULD BE PRESERVED.
How the Bible came to the Philippines

VALENTINO SITOY (ACCORDING TO THIS WORK AN ABORTED SPANISH
PROTESTANT MISSION TO THE PHILIPPINES)
- SAY THAT BY 1853 THERE WERE MORE THAN 1,000 BIBLES AND MORE THAN 100
NEW TESTAMENTS CIRCULATING IN THE ISLANDS.
IT IS ALSO SAID THAT MANY BIBLES WERE BROUGHT IN DURING THE LIBERAL PERIOD OF
GOVERNOR-GENERAL DE LA TORRE'S RULE (1869-1871)
THE NEXT STORY IS WHEN FR. MANRIQUE ALONSO LALLAVE AND SR FELIPE P. CASTELLS
ATTEMP TO INTRODUCE A SHIPMENT OF BIBLES INTO THE COUNTRY.
ANOTHER STORY IS THAT PAULINO ZAMORA, NEPHEW OF FATHER JACINTO ZAMORA,

ACCORDING TO GERALD H. ANDERSON, PAULINO SMUGGLED A BIBLE INTO MANILA
THROUGH A SEA CAPTAIN.
The Books of the Bible
OLD TESTAMENT
ALSO KNOWN AS THE JEWISH TANAKH
IT IS THE FIRST 39 BOOKS IN MOST CHRISTIAN BIBLE.
1
IT CONTAINS THE FOLLOWING.
●THE CREATION
●THE HISTORY OF PATRIARCHS
●THE EXODUS FORM EGYPT
●FORMATION OF ISRAEL AS NATION
●THE PROPHETS
●THE WISDOM BOOKS
NEW TESTAMENT
A COLLECTION OF 27 BOOKS
REFERS TO THE NEW COVENANT OR PROMISE
BETWEEN GOD AND HUMANITY THROUGH THE DEATH AND RESURRECTION OF JESUS
CHRIST.
IT IS ALSO THE LIFE AND MINISTRY OF JESUS,

THE GROWTH AND IMPACT OF THE EARLY CHURCH.
The Books of the Old Testaments and their Division
PENTATEUCH/LAW HISTORY
GENESIS JOSHUA JUDGES RUTH
EXODUS 1 SAMUEL 2 SAMUEL 1 KING
LEVITICUS 2 KING 1 CHRONICLES 2 CHRONICLES
NUMBERS EZRA NEHEMIAH ESTHER
DEUTERONOMY
POETRY MAJOR PROPHETS MINOR PROPHETS
JOB ISAIAH HOSEA
PSALMS JEREMIAH JOEL
PROVERBS LAMENTATION AMOS
ECCLESIASTES EZEKIEL OBADIAH
DANIEL JONAH
MICAH
NAHUM
HABAKKUK
ZEPHANIAH
HAGGAI
ZECHARIAH
MALACHI
History is the story of men achievement although it is a failure or a success that happened in the
past, present, and the future that bring progress to human life.
The Book of the New Testament and their Division
GOSPEL HISTORY PAUL’S LETTER

MATTHEW ACTS ROMANS
MARK 1 CORINTHIANS
LUKE 2 CORINTHIANS
JOHN GALATIANS
EPHESIANS
PHILIPPIANS
COLOSSIANS
1 THESSALONIANS
2 THESSALONIANS
1 TIMOTHY
2 TIMOTHY
2
TITUS
PHILEMON
GENERAL LETTERS PROPHECY
HEBREW REVELATION
JAMES
1 PETER
2 PETER
1 JOHN
2 JOHN
3 JOHN
JUDE
ACTIVITY
Name:
Course, Year and Block:
1. The earliest biblical were written on scroll that is made up of ________ and
___________.
2. It is made up of animal skin that had been scraped, burnished and stitched
together.
3. It is a plant based paper.
4. It is a collection of 27 books that refers to the new covenant or promise between

God and humanity.
5. It I the first 39 books of the bible.and it includes the creation.
Enumerate the 2 major books of the Bible.
Enumerate the 5 division of the old testaments.
3
Lesson 2 : OLD TESTAMENT SURVEY

Objective:
Every learner should know the history of the bible from its origin. The learners should know
that the bible was the inspired words of God that can be used for doctrine, for re-proof and
correction in righteousness.
Introduction:
The bible is unlike any other books, it has no expiration. It is profitable at all times to all
generation. It does more than give an account of events that happened long ago. Although that in
itself is valuable. The bible does more recounts man’s search for God, although there is much
that can be learn from it.
Motivation:
You should gain information on what the bible is, the origin of the bible. How it is made and
how it is come to the Philippines.
Overview of the Bible

 it is about 611,000 words ;long and divided into 66 smaller documents called “books” of the
bible
 it is also a collection of writings from different authors, writing at different times.
 maybe it is a bit confusing because the bible itself is a book.but dont worry it is a book of
books.
 that means if you want to know the bible better, you'll need to get acquainted with 66
documents it comprises.
THE OLD TESTAMENT

 the old testament includes 39 books which were written long before jesus was born.
 the first five books of the bible are called the torah, or the law of moses.
THE BOOKS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT
GENESIS
AUTHOR: TRADITIONALLY MOSES, BUT THE STORIES ARE MUCH OLDER
THIS BOOK ANSWERES TWO BIG QUESTIONS: “HOW DID GOD 'S RELATIONSHIP WITH THE
WORLD BEGIN?” AND “WHERE DID THE NATION OF ISRAEL COME FROM?”
FACTS:MOST OF THE FAMOUS BIBLE STORIES YOU'VE HEARD ABOUT ARE

PROBABLYFOUND IN THE BOOK OF GENESIS.
THIS WHERE THE STORIES OF ADAN AND EVE, CAIN AND ABEL, NOAH AND THE ARK,
TOWER OF BABEL, ABRAHAM AND ISAAC, JACOB'S LADDER,AND JOSEPH'S
COAT OF MANY COLORS ARE RECORDED.
EXODUS
THE BOOK OF EXODUS IS THE STORY OF GOD RESCUING THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL FROM
EGYPT.
IT IS THE SECOND BOOK OF THE PENTATEUCH AND IT'S WHERE WE FIND THE STORIES OF
THE TEN PLEAGUES,THE FIRST PASSOVER, THE PARTING OF THE RED SEA, THE TEN
COMMANDMENTS.
AUTHOR: TRADITIONALLY MOSES.
IMPORTANT CHARACTERS IN EXODUS:

GOD (YAHWEH)
MOSES
AARON
4
PHARAOH
LEVITICUS
LEVITICUS IS ABOUT HOLINESS. IT IS KNOWN AS THE BOOK OF RULES THAT
THE ANCIENT ISRAELITES BELIEVED THEY HAD TO FOLLOW IN ORDER TO BE CLOSE
TO THEIR GOD.
AUTHOR: TRADITIONALLY CREDITED MOSES

AS THE HUMAN AUTHOR.
IMPORTANT CHARACTER IN THIS BOOK:

GOD ( YAHWEH)
MOSES- HE LED T ISRAELITES FROM EGYPT TO SINAI.
AARON- OLDER BROTHER OF MOSES AND HIGH PRIEST OF ISRAEL.

NUMBERS
THE MAIN FOCUS OF THE BOOK IS ISRAEL'S REPEATED REBELLION AND GOD'S REPEATED
MERCY AND DISCIPLINE ON HIS PEOPLE.
IMPORTANT CHARACTER IN THIS BOOK:

GOD (YAHWEH)
MOSES
AARON
ELEAZAR - AARON'S SON, WHO TAKES HIS PLACE WHEN AARON DIES.
BALAAM- A DIVINER FOR HIRE FROM FAR AWAY. HE HIRED BY ISRAEL'S ENEMIES TO
CURSE GOD'S PEOPLE.
JOSHUA- MOSES AIDE'S WHO SPIES ON THE PEOPLE OF CANAAN. GOD SELECTS HIM TO BE
MOSES SECCESSOR.
DEUTERONOMY
REVIEWS THE TORAH AND FORESHADOWS THE REST OF THE OLD TESTAMENT'S STORY.
PRIMARILY THE RETELLING OF MOSAIC LAW.
AUTHOR: TRADITIONALLY MOSES.

JOSHUA
THE BOOK OF JOSHUA KICKS OFF THE SECTION OLD TESTAMENTB HISTORY IN THE
MODERN CHRISTIAN BIBLE.
THE BOOK OF JOSHUA MARKS GOD FULFILLING HIS PROMISED TO ABRAHAM:
THIS BOOK ALSO MARKS THE END OF AN AGE OF ISRAEL.
MAIN CHARCTER OF THE BOOK:

JOSHUA- FROM THE TRIBE OF EPHRAIM, AND HE SERVED AS
MOSES AIDE SINCE YOUTH.
GOD
FUN FACT': YOU'VE PROBABLY HEARD OF A FEW FANTASTIC STORIES

FROM THIS BOOK. (THE BATTLE OF JERICHO)
JUDGES
THE BOOK OF JUDGES FEATURES A HOST OF CHARACTERS. IT'S HERE WE FIND THE
STORIES OF WELL KNOWN SUNDAY SCHOOL STAPLES LIKE THE RELUCTANT WARRIOR
GIDEON AND STRONG MAN SAMSON.
THE PERIOD OF JUDGES IS A DARK ERA IN ISRAEL'S STORY. THIS BOOK SHOWS HOW
PERSISTENT ISRAEL IN FORGETTING THE LORD, AND HOW FAITHFUL GOD IS TO DISCIPLINE
AND DELIVER HIS PEOPLE.
5
RUTH
THE STORY OF RUTH TAKES PLACE DURING THE TIME OF THE JUDGES; IT IS A BRIGHT
STORY OF HOPE DURING A VERY DARK PERIOD IN ISRAEL'S SPIRITUAL AND POLITICAL
HISTORY.
THE BOOK OF RUTH IS A LOVE STORY, BUT IT IS FAR MORE THAN A ROMANCE. RUTH'S
DEVOTION TO NAOMI AND BOAZ.
1 SAMUEL
ISRAEL DEMANDS A KING, WHO TURNS OUT TO BE QUITE A DISAPPOINTMENT.
SAMUEL SERVES THE PEOPLE AS A PROPHET AND JUDGE. HE SPEAKS THE WORD OF THE
LORD TO THE PEOPLE. WHEN SAMUEL GROWS OLD AND THE ISRAEL'S ENEMIES ATTACK,
THE PEOPLE DEMAND THAT SAMUEL APPOINT A KING.
THE PEOPLE DO NOT LISTEN TO SAMUEL SO THE LORD GIVE THEM SAUL.
SAUL IS A FOOLISH, SELFISH, COWARDLY KING. HE IGNORES THE WORD OF THE LORD AND
CRAVES THE APPROVAL OF MEN. KING SAUL DOES NOT KEEP THE LAW OF MOSES.
2 SAMUEL
WHEREAS THE BOOK OF FIRST SAMUEL SHOWS ISRAEL'S TRANSITION FROM GOD'S
AUTHORITY TO SAUL'S IRRESPONSIBLE RULE.
SECOND SAMUEL DOCUMENTS THE TRANSITION BACK TO GOD-HONORING LEADERSHIP

UNDER DAVID.
1 KING 2 KING
THE BOOK OF FIRST AND SECOND KINGS ARE THE STORY OF ISRAEL'S DECLINE.
THE BOOK OF FIRST AND SECOND KINGS ARE THE STORY OF ISRAEL'S DECLINE.
THESE BOOKS OF HISTORY PICK UP WHERE SECOND LEFT OFF: ISRAEL IS UNITED
UNDER THE GODLY KING DAVID, WHO APPOINTS HIS SON SOLOMON TO RULE AFTER HIM.
1 CHRONICLES 2 CHRONICLES
THE FIRST AND SECOND CHRONICLES IS AN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF GOD'S COVENANT
WITH DAVID, AND HOW THINGS PLAYED OUT AFTERWARD.
THE CHRONICLES WERE WRITTEN SOMETIME AFTER THE HEBREWS RETURNED TO

JERUSALEM FROM BABYLON-POSSIBLY BY EZRA.
THE AUTHOR OF THIS BOOK TRADITIONALLY EZRA.

EZRA
EZRA , THE SCRIBE, ANSWERS THE CALL TO TEACH ISRAEL THE WAYS OF GOD AGAIN.
THE BOOK OF EZRA CHRONICLES BOTH STORIES: REBUILDING THE TEMPLE AND
REMEMBERING THE LAW.
AUTHOR: EZRA
NEHEMIAH
THE BOOK OF NEHEMIAH IS ABOUT RE ESTABLISHING GOD'S PEOPLE BOTH PHYSICALLY

AND SPIRITUALLY.
LIKE THE BOOKS OF EZRA AND ESTHER, NEHEMIAH TELLS USWHAT HAPPENED AFTER
THE JEWISH EXILE TO BABYLON.
AUTHOR: NEHEMIAH
ESTHER
THIS BOOK IS ALL ABOUT CORAGE, FAITH, BETRAYAL, POLITICS, ND PLOTS OF GENOCIDE.
6
THIS BOOK IS A DRAMA ABOUT HOW TWO JEWS RISKED EVERYTHING TO SAVE THEIR
PEOPLE.
IMPORTANT CHARACTER OF THE BOOK:
QUEEN ESTHER: THE HEROINE. SHE KEEPS HE JEWISH DECENT A SECRET.
MORDECAI: ESTHER'S COUSIN. SHE IS A DEVOUT JEW CHARACTERIZED BY HAMAN:

ENEMY OF JEWS. HE IS CALLED “AGAGITE”.
KING AHASUER: HE BRINGS ESTHER AS A NEW QUEEN AFTER HE DEPOSES QUEEN

VASHTI. HE ALLOWS ESTHER AND MORDECAI TO WRITE THEIR
COUNTER- LAW AND ENACT THEIR OWN FEASTS. HE IS THE KING OF
127 PROVINCES . AND HE IS THE WEAKEST MONG THE MAIN
CHARACTERS.
JOB
SOMEONE WANTS TO PROVE THAT JOB WILL CURSE GOD. THIS IS THE CENTRAL CONFLICT
OF THE BOOK.
JOB IS THE FORST OLD TESTAMENTBOOK OF POETRY.
JOB IS CONSIDERED WISDOM LITERATURE: THE BOOK HEPS US TO UNDERSTAND GOD,HIS

CREATION, OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH HIM AND HOW WE SHOULD RESPONSE.
PSALMS
PSALMS IS A COLLECTION OF 150 POEMS WRITTEN OVER ONE HUNDRED YEARS. MANY
WERE ORIGINALLY PUT TO MUSIC, AND USED IN THE JEWISH TEMPLES TO PRAISED THE
LORD.
PSALMS HAS IT ALL HISTORY,POETRY, PRAYER,SONG, CHANT NG PROPHECY.
PSALMS HAS MORE AUTHORS THAN ANY OTHER BOOK IN THE BIBLE.
DAVID (73 PSALMS) ASAPH FAMILY (12 PSALMS)

THE SONS OF KORAH (11 PSALMS) SOLOMON
(2PSALMS) MOSES (1 PSALM) ETHAN THE
EZRAHITE (1 PSALM)
PSALMS IS THE ONLY BOOK OF THE BIBLE THAT ISN'T

GIVEN CHAPTERS.
PROVERBS
THE BOOK PROVERBS IS A COLLECTION OF WISE SAYINGS, MANY OF WHICH ARE
ATTRIBUTED TO SOLOMON.
PROVERBS IS A WORK OF WISDOM LITERATURE, AND THE THIRD OF THE OLD TESTAMENT
BOOK OF POETRY.
PROVERBS URGES THE READER TO MAKE DECISIONS BASED ON WISDOM, JUSTICE, AND
RIGHTEUOSNESS. HIS SAYINGS ARE SOMETIMES DIRECT INSTRUCTION, SOMETIMES
GENERAL OBSERVATION.
ECCLESIASTES
ECCLESIASTES IS AN EXAMPLE OF OLD TESTAMENT WISDOM LITERATURE, AND IT'S
FOURTH BOOK OF POETRY IN THE BIBLE.
IT IS LONG FORM OF POETIC DISCOURSE: IT POSES ONE MAIN QUESTION AT THE

BEGINNINGAND SPEND THE NEXT TWELVE CHAPTERS ARRIVING AT THE ANSWER.
7
AUTHOR: TRADITIONALLY SOLOMON

SONG OF SOLOMON
THE SONG OF SOLOMON ALSO KNOWN AS THE SONGS OF SONGS CELEBRATES THIS KING
OF UNION: A MAN AND A WOMAN BECOME ONE.
IT'S A BALLAD OF LOVE AND LONGING. IT'S AN EXCHANGE OF LOVE NOTES. IT'S A STORY
OF ADORATION, SATISFACTION, DELIGHT, AND SEXUAL DESIRE.
SONG OF SOLOMON IS ONE OF THE TWO BOOKS IN THE BIBLE THAT DON'T MENTION GOD.
ISAIAH
ISAIAH IS THE FIRST OF THE MAJOR PROPHETS. ISAIAH IS THE MAJOR PROPHET WHOSE
STORY TAKES PLACE BEFORE THE FALL OF JERUSALEM.
ISAIAH LOOKS INTO THE FUTURE TO SEE JUDAH'S BABYLONIAN CAPTIVITY.

ISAIAH PERSONALLY INTERACTS WITH THE KINGS OF JUDAH, THE SOUTHERN KINGDOM,
AND SO HIS STORY COVERS SOME OF THE EVENTS IN KINGS AND CHRONICLES.
ISAIAH PREACHES OF THE COMING KING WHO WILL RULE ISRAEL AND THE NATIONS IN
JUSTICE AND PEACE. HE ALSO LOOKS FORWARD TO A SPECIAL SERVANT OF GOD: ONE
WHO WILL FULFILL ALL ISRAEL'S DUTIES AND BEAR THEIR SINS.
AUTHOR: ISAIAH
JEREMIAH
JEREMIAH IS THE SECOND MAJOR PROPHETS. JEREMIAH IS THE LONGEST BOOK OF THE
BIBLE BY WORD COUNT IN THE ORIGINAL LANGUAGE.
JERIMAIH IS KNOWN AS THE “WEEPING PROPHET”
AUTHOR: JEREMIAH
LAMENTATIONS
THE BOOK DEALS WITH THE QUESTION, “HOW COULD IT HAPPEN?” “HOW COULD
JERUSALEM FALL TO THE BABYLONIAN?”\
THE FALL OF JERUSALEM IS A SPIRITUAL EVENT,

ONE THAT HAPPENED BY SPIRITUAL MEANS FOR
SPIRITUAL REASONS.
LAMENTATIONS SITS IN THE MAJOR PROPHETS SECTION OF OUR ENGLISH BIBLE. IT

FOLLOWS THE STORY OF JEREMIAH, WHO TRADITIONALLY WROTE LAMENTATIONS.
AUTHOR: TRADITIONALLY JEREMIAH

EZEKIEL
EZEKIEL IS THE WATCHMAN. AND HE SEES SOME INCREDIBLY SAD THINGS ON THE
HORIZON.
EZEKIEL IS THE 4TH OF THE MAJOR PROPHETS. EZEKIEL HAS HIS FAIR SHARE OF
ORACLES, BUT THIS BOOK IS BEST KNOWN FOR EZEKIEL'S VISSION.
EZEKIEL IS THE WATCHMAN , AND THROUGH HIM WE SEE SOME GOD'S GENEROUS PLANS
FOR ISRAEL THAT HAVE YET COME ABOUT.
AUTHOR: EZEKIEL
DANIEL
8
DANIEL QUICKLY DISTINGUISHES HIMSELF FROM THE MEN OF BABYLON. HE IS LOYAL TO

HIS GOD. DANIEL'S GIFT ARE FROM THE GOD OF ISRAEL, AND THE YOUNG MAN BECOME A
TESTIMONY TO HIS GOD IN A STRANGE LAND.
DANIEL ALSO HAS VIVID, SYMBOLIC VISIONS ABOUT THE FUTURE OF ISRAEL, WORLD
KINGDOMS, AND THE KINGDOM OF GOD. THE BOOK OF DANIEL IS ABOUT HOW GOD
SHOES HIS EVERLASTING WISDOM, POWER AND FAITHFULNESS THROUGH ONE OF
ISRAEL'S GREATEST PROPHETS. DANIEL IS THE LAST OF THE MAJOR PROPHETS AND HE
WAS A CAPTIVE OF JUDAH.
DANIEL IS ONE OF THE FEW OLD TESTAMENT BOOKS THAT EXPICITY REFFERENCE BODILY
RESURRECTION.
AUTHOR: DANIEL
HOSEA
GOD TELLS A MAN NAMED HOSEA TO MARRY A HARLOT. BUT SHE LEAVES HOSEA AND
COMMIT ADULTERY.
THEN GOD TELLS HIM TO GO AFTER HER AND BRING HER BACK. HOSEA'S MARRIAGE IS
SYMBOLIC OF GOD'S COVENANTRELATIONSHIP WITH ISRAEL.THROUGH HOSEA, THE LORD
TELLS THE STORY OF ISRAEL'S DISOBEDIENCE, HIS DISCIPLINE, AND HIS STEADFAST
FAITHFUL OF LOVE.
THIS BOOK IS THE FIRST MINOR PROPHETS. HOSEA IS FROM THE NORTH ND HE
MINISTERED TO THE NORTH.
HOSEA'S MARRY A HARLOT NAMED GOMER BECAUSE GOD WAS PROVING A POINT: ISRAEL
HAD TREATED HIM IN THE SAME WAY GOMER TREATS HOSEA.
LIKE JEREMIAH AND HABAKKUK, HOSEA LIVES TO SEE HIS PROPHECY OF CAPTIVITYCOME
TO PASS. HOSEA MINISTERED DAY OF SOUTHERN KINGS AHAZ AND HEZEKIAH, WHO
REIGNED WHEN THE NORTHERN KINGDOM WAS SACKED AND CARRIED OFF BY ASSYRIA.
AUTHOR: HOSEA
JOEL
AUTHOR: JOEL
HUNDREDS OF YEARS LATER AFTER THE LORD SENT A PLAGUE OF LOCUST ON THE
EGYPTIANS, HE WAS JUDGING HIS PEOPLE WITH THE SAME KIND OF PLAGUE FOR
STRAYING FROM HIM.
JOEL EXPLAINS TO THE PEOPLE WHAT THE LORD WANTS FROM THEM: REPENTANCE.
THE LORD WOULD SOON HAVE THIS DAY, BOTH WITH JUDAH AND THE WHOLE WORLD.
JOEL'S MESSAGE HAS TWO STRONG POINTS:
● GOD IS JUDGING JUDAH: BUT HE WILL BLESS AND RESTORE THEM AGAIN WHEN THEY
REPENT.
●GOD WILL JUDGE ALL THE NATIONS ON JUDAH'S BEHALF.

AMOS
AUTHOR: AMOS
AMOS IS A SIMPLE SHEPHERD IN SOUTHERN KINGDOM OF JUDAH. HE WASN'T A PHROPHET

OR NOR ON HIS FAMILY.
AMOS IS THE THIRD MINOR PROPHETS.
AMOS MINISTRY MAY HAVE BEEN THE EARLIEST OF THE MINOR PROPHETS. HE PREACHED
DURING THE REIGNS OF UZZIAH IN JUDAH AND JEROBOAM II IN ISRAEL.
9
THIS BOOK FOCUSES ON GOD'S SOVEREIGN JUSTICE:
GOD IS SOVEREIGN
GOD IS JUST.
THE BOOK OF AMOS REMINDS US THAT GOD'S BLESSINGS DON’T ALWAYS COINCIDE WITH
OUR OBEDIENCE.
OBADIAH
AUTHOR: OBADIAH
THIS BOOK OBADIAH IS A BRIEF PROPHETIC WORDREGARDING THE NEARBY NATION OF

EDOM.
EDOM IS THE LONG RIVALRY OF ISRAEL, BUT NOW EDOM HAS GONE TOO FAR.
OBADIAH'S MESSAGE IS SIMPLE: NO MATTER HOW SAFE THEY THINK THEY ARE, NO
MATTER HOW WISE THEY THING THEY ARE, EDOM CAN'T GET AWAY WITH THIS.
OBADIAH IS THE FOURTH OF THE MINOR PROPHETS. OBADIAH WRITINGS MAINLY

CONCERN THE PEOPLE OUTSIDE OF ISRAEL- IN OBADIAH'S CASE, IT IS THE NATION OF
EDOM.
JONAH
AUTHOR: JONAH
JONAH HAS ONLY FOUR CHAPTERS.

JONAH IS THE MOST WIDELY KNOWN OF THE MINOR PROPHETS.
THE BOOK OF JONAH IS A STORY AND NOT A SERMON. IT FOCUSES ON THE PROPHET, NOT
THE PEOPLE.
JONAH CONTAINS HARDLY ANY PROPHECY AT ALL.. ONLY ONE LINE.. “YET FORTY DAYS AND
NINEVEH WILL BE OVERTHROWN”
MICAH
AUTHOR: MICAH
MICAH IS THE SIXTH OF THE MINOR PROPHETS. MICAH CALLED OUTH BOTH NORTHERN
AND SOUTHERN KINGDOMS OF ISRAEL AND JUDAH.
MICAH CALLS THE PEOPLE'S INJUSTICE TO LIGHT. MICAH ADMONISHES THE PEOPLE,
TELLING THEMTHAT THEY SHOULD HAVE KNOWN BETTER.
IN THIS BOOK, WE SEE HOW SERIOUSLY GOD TAKES JUSTICE AMONG HIS PEOPLE.
NAHUM
AUTHOR: NAHUM
GOD SENDS THE PROPHET NAHUM TO REVEALS NINEVEH'S FUTURE: UTTER DESOLATION.
NAHUM IS THE SEVENTH OF THE MINOR PROPHETS
NAHUM WAS WRITTEN AFTER THE ASSYRIAN SACKED THE EGYPTIAN CITY OF THEBES, OR
NO- AMON. IT WAS LIKELY WRITTHEN BEFORE THE BABYLONIANS TOOK ONEVEH IN 612
B.C.. NAHUMIS A SIMILAR TO HABAKKUK, TOO.
WHILE NAHUM FORETELLLS THE DOWNFALL OF A WORLD EMPIRE,
HABAKKUK ANTICIPATES THE EMPIRE THAT TAKES ITS PLACE: BABYLON

HABAKKUK
10
AUTHOR: HABAKKUK
HABAKKUK IS THE EIGHT OF THE MINOR PROPHETS.
HABAKKUK SAW THIS HAPPEN ON HIS OWN LIFETIME.

(JUDAH'S PUNSHIMENT)
LIKE NAHUM, HABAKKUK FORESEES GOD'S JUDGEMENT ON THOSE WHOE OPPRESS

OTHER NATIONS AND LEAD THEM INTO WICKEDNESS.
HABAKKUK SPEAKS OF BABYLON'S FALL: AN EVENT WHICH THE PROPHET DANIEL

WITNESSES.
HABAKKUK ISN'T WELL- KNOWN BOOK OF THE BIBLE, BUT IT CONTAINS ONE OF THE MOST
IMPORTANT LINE IN CHURCH HISTORY.
“THE RIGHTEOUS WILL LIVE BY HIS FAITH”
ZEPHANIAH
AUTHOR: ZEPHANIAH
ZEPHANIAH IS THE NINTH OF THE MINOR PROPHETS.
HE TRACE HIS LINEAGE BACK TO MAN NAMED HEZEKIAH.
ZEPHANIAH WAS PROBABLY A CONTEMPORARY OF HABAKKUK, NAHUM AND JEREMIAH.

ZEPHANIAH PREACHED HIS MESSAGE DURING THE RULE OF KING JOSIAH WHO INITIATED
RELIGIOUS REFORM IN ALL OF JUDAH AND SOME SURROUNDING TERRITORIES.
HAGGAI
AUTHOR: HAGGAI
THE BOOK OF HAGGAI BEGINS AS A WAKE- UP CALL TO THE JEWS WHO HAD NEGLECTED
THE TEMPLE, BUT IN ENDSWITH AN EXAMPLE OF HOW GOD DELIGHTS IN HIS CHILDREN'S
OBEDIENCE.
HAGGAI IS THE TENTH OF THE MINOR PROPHETS.
HAGGAI SHOWS UP ON THE SCENELONG AFTER DESTRUCTION TOOK PLACE.
HAGGAI POINTS THE JEWS IN AN OBEDIENT DIRECTION, PARTICULARLY THEIR LEADERS

ZERUBBABEL ( THEIR GOVERNOR ) AND JOSHUA (THE HIGH PRIEST, NOT THE ONE WHO
FOUGHT AT JERICHO).WHEN THEY OBEY, GOD AFFIRMS.
HAGGAI IS ALSO THE MOST SPECIFIC OF THE MINOR PROPHETS WHEN IT COMES TO
DATES: HE GIVES THE MONTH AND DAY OF EVERY MESSAGE GOD SENDS HIM.
ZECHARIAH
AUTHOR: ZECHARIAH
ZECHARIAH IS THE ELEVENTH OF THE MINOR PROPHETS.
ZECHARIAH IS EASILY THE HARDEST TO UNDERSTAND AMONG THE MINOR PROPHETS.

ZECHARIAH “LIFT UP HIS EYES” TO SEE SCENES, CHARACTERS, AND STRANGE OBJECTS.
ZECHARIAH IS ONE OF ONLY TWO MINOR PROPHETS WHO RECORDS HIS VISIONS IN
THS WAY: THE OTHER ONE IS AMOS.
ZECHARIAH IS ULTIMATELY A MESSAGE OF ASSURANCE: GOD HAS BROUGHT THE JEWS

BACK TO JERUSALEM, AND HIS WORK OF RESTORATION IS FAR ROM OVER.
MALACHI
11
AUTHOR: MALACHI
IT IS THE LAST BOOK OF THE OLD TESTAMENT.
MALACHI FINISHES OOF THE MINOR PROPHETS.

MALACHI SHOWS UP ON THE SCENE LONG AFTER THE DESTRUCTION TOOK PLACE- AND
WARNS AGAINST REPEATING THE SINS OF THE FATHERS.
ACTIVITY
Name:
1. How many books are included in the Old Testaments?

2. It is the last book of the Old Testament.
3. How many books are in the Pentateuch?
4. What are the 2 division of the prophet?
5. This book is only have four chapters.

Enumerate the books under the Pentateuch
Enumerate the books under the History
Enumerate the books on the Old Testaments.
12
LESSON 3: THE NEW TESTAMENT SURVEY

THE NEW TESTAMENT IS THE PART OF THE BIBLE THAT TELLS THE STORIES OF JESUS'
LIFE, DEATH, RESSURECTION, AND FOLLOWERS.
THE BOOKS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT

MATTHEW
AUTHOR: MATTHEW
MATTHEW IS THE FIRST GOSPEL IN THE NEW TESTAMENT.
MATTHEW DOESN'T STATE HIS PURPOSE EXPLICITY. HOWEVER, HIS OPENING VERSE
MAKES IT CLEAR WHAT THIS BOOK ALL ABOUT. JESUS, THE MESSIAH, THE SON OF DAVID,
THE SON OF ABRAM.
THE BOOK OF MATTHEW IS ARRANGED INTO FIVE MAIN SECTION. EACH SECTION OPENS
WITH STORIES OF JESUS' LIFE AND MINISTRY, AND CLOSES WITH A LONG SET OF
TEACHING FROM JESUS, CALLED DISCOURSES.
MARK
AUTHOR: JOHN MARK
MARK IS THE SECOND GOSPEL IN THE NEW TESTAMENT.
MARK'S GOSPEL IS VERY BRIEF AND FOCUSES MORE ON THINGS JESUS SAID.
LIKE THE OTHER GOSPELS. MARK RECORDS JESUS LIFE: HIS MIRACLES, BETRAYAL,
DEATH, RESURRECTION AND COMMISSION.
MARK IS A BRIEF OF SYNOPSIS OF JESUS.

LUKE
AUTHOR: LUKE
LUKE IS THE THIRD GOSPEL.

LUKE TELLS JESUS'SOTRY IN EXTENSIVE DETAIL, MORE SO THAN ANY OTHER GOSPEL.
LUKE FRECORDS MIRACLES, SERMONS, CONVERSATIONS, AND PERSONAL FEELINGS.
THE BOOK OF LOOK SHOWS US JESUS, WHO CAME TO SEEK AND SAVE THE LOST.
LUKE'S GOSPEL IS WRITTEN IN WAYS THT JEWISH AND NON JEWISH PEOPLE CAN
UNDERSTAND AND APPRECIATE.
THE PURPOSE OF THIS BOOK IS MEANT TO GIVE BELIEVERS AN ACCURATE,

CHRONOLOGICALUNDERSTANDING OF JESUS' LIFE, MINISTRY, DEATH AND RESSURECTION.
JOHN
AUTHOR: JOHN
JOHN IS THE FOURTH AND LAST GOSPEL IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. JOHN FOCUSES IN THE
DIETY OF CHRIST MORE SO THAN THE OTHER.
THE MIRACLES RECORDEDIN JOHN'S GOSPEL ARE WRITTEN THAT THE READER WOULD
BELIEVE IN JESUS AND FIND LIFE IN HIS NAME.
13
UNLIKE LUKE, JOHN DOES NOT AIM TO CHRONICLE THE WHOLE LIFE OF CHRIST. INSTEAD,
JOHN PRESENTS A SIGNS AND TEACHINGS THAT SHOULD COMPEL US TO BELIEVE IN
JESUS.
ACTS
AUTHOR:LUKE
THIS BOOK TELLS US HOW THE HOLY SPIRIT CAME UPON THE CHURCH, AND HOW THE
GOSPELSPREADS FROM JERUSALEM TO ROME.
THE BOOK PICKS UP WHERE THE GOSPELS LEAVE OFF.
THE BOOK OF ACTS BEGINS WITH THE ASCENSION OF JESUS AND THE COMING OF GTHE
HOLY SPIRIT, AND GOES ON TO SHOW HOW THE APOSTLES PREACHED CHRIST TO THE
WORLD.
ACTS IS THE FOLLOW UP TO THE GOSPEL OF LUKE.
ACTS SHOWS US THAT JESUS WAS TRUETO HIS WORD: THE HOLY SPIRIT CAME TO THE
DISCIPLES AND EMPOWERED THEM TO WORK MIRACLE AND PREACH THEOOD NEWS
THROUGHOUT THE WORLD.
ROMANS
AUTHOR: PAUL
ROMANS IS THE FIRST OF PAUL'S LETTERS.

PAUL HAS NOT YET BEEN TO ROME, AND WANTS TO ENCOURAGE THE CHURCH AND
REMIND THEM OF THE THINGS THEY BELIEVE. SO PAUL WRITES THEM A LETTER. AND THIS
LETTER IS AMONG THE MOST ARTICULATE DESCRIPTION OF THE GOSPEL,SALVATION, AND
CHRIST'S WORKEVER WRITTEN.
1 CORINTHIANS
AUTHOR: PAUL
FIRST CORINTHIANS IS NOT A STEP BY STEP GUIDE TO SOLVING CHURCH PROBLEMS,

HOWEVER.INSTEAD OF TELLING THE CHURCH PRECISELY WHAT TO DO, PAUL PROPOSES A
NEW PERSPECTIVE: PUT GOD'S GLORY FIRST. IT IS THE KEY TO OVERCOMING STRUGGLES.
1 CORINTHIANS IS A LETTER WRITTEN TO A PEOPLE PAUL KNEW WELL. PAUL'S

FAMILIARITY IS VERY OBVIOUS IN THIS LETTER, SPECIALLY IN HIS FATHERLY LANGUAGE.
2 CORINTHIANS
AUTHOR: PAUL
SECOND CORINTHIANS IS THE THIRD OF PAUL'S LETTER.
IN THEWAKE OF ALL THAT HAPPENED SINCE WRITING FIRST CORINTHIANS, PAUL WRITES
TO THE CHURCH TO RESOLVE A FEW LINGERING CONCERNS AND ISSUES:
●WHERE THE CORINTHIANS STAND WITH PAUL.

●WHY PAUL HASN'T VISITED CORINTH SINCE THEY REPENTED.
●HOW TO COMPLETE THE CONTRIBUTION FOR THE CHRISTIAN AT JERUSALEM.
●PAUL'S AUTHORITY AS AN APOSTLE.
GALATIANS
AUTHOR: PAUL
GALATIAN IS THE FOURTH OF PAUL'S LETTER.
THE GALATIAN FELT PRESSURED TO SEEK SALVATION FROM THE LAW OF MOSES, EVEN
THOUGH THEY HAD ALREADY ACCEPTED THE GRACE OF CHRIST.
14
THE BOOK OF GALATIANS SUCCINTLY OUTLINES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE LAW OF
MOSES AND GOD'S NEW
COVENANT WITH THE CHURCH.
PAUL DEFENDS THE TRUE GOSPEL, AND DEALS WITH A FEW QUESTIONS THAT WOULD
NATURALLY ARISE IN AN ARGUMENT OF LAW
VS. GRACE.
EPHESIANS
AUTHOR: PAUL
PAUL'S LETTER TOTHE EPHESIANS HAS THE ANSWER. THE CHURCH AT EPHESUS(A CITY IN
THE ROMAN EMPIRE) HAD BEEN ESTABLISHED DURING PAUL'S TWO YEAR STAY. THEY
HEARD THE CALL, THEY BELIEVED, AND THEY TURN AWAY FROM THEIR OLD IDOLS AND
PRACTICES.
NOW PAUL WRITES TO REMIND THEM OF WHERE THEY STAND IN THE FAMILY OF GOD, AND
HOW TO BEHAVE AS MEMBERS OF THAT FAMILY.
PAUL CALLS ATTETION TO THREE MAJOR THEMES: GRACE, PEACE AND LOVE.
EPHESIANS IS THE FIFTH OF PAUL'S LETTER. PAUL'S WROTE EPHESIANS TO ACCOMPLISH

TWO THINGS. DESCRIBE THE CHRISTIAN'S CALLING PRESCRIBE THE CHRISTIAN'S WALK.
LIKE HIS LETTER TO THE PHILIPPIANS AND COLOSSIANS, THIS EPISTLE IS MEANT TO
ENCOURAGE THE EPHESIANS TO WALK IN A MANNER WORTHY OF THE GOSPEL..
PHILIPPIANS
AUTHOR: PAUL
PHILIPPIANS IS THE SIXTH OF PAUL'S LETTER.
NO BOOK OF THE BIBLE FOCUSES ON THE JOY LIKE

PHILIPPIANS.
THE IMRISONED PAUL HEARS THAT THE PHILIPPIANSARE GOING THROUGH DIFFICULT
CIRCUMSTANCES.
●THE WERE BEING PERSECUTED FOR THEIR FAITH.
●OTHER TEACHERS WERE TRYING TO TROUBLE THEIR FRIEND PAUL WHILE HE WAS IN
PRISON.
●THEIR FRIEND EPAPHRODITUS HAD GONE TO VISIT PAUL BUT HAD FALLEN VERY SICK.
●FALSE TEACHERS WERE TRYING TO SUBMIT THE GENTILE BELIEVERS TO THE OLD
TESTAMENT LAW.
THE EPISTLE IS MEANT TO ENCOURAGE PHILIPPIANSTO JOYFULLY WALK IN MANNER
WORTHY OF GTHE GOSPEL.
PHILIPPIANS FOCUSES ON THE BELIEVER'S ATTITUDE.
PHILIPPIANS HAS THE HIGHEST CONCENTYRATION OF THE WORDS TRANSLATED “REJOICE”

OR “JOY”
COLOSSIANS
AUTHOR: PAUL
THE BRIEF OF THIS BOOK OF COLOSSIANS IS ALL ABOUT WHO WE ARE IN CHRIST.
IN THE FIRST TWO CHAPTERS, PAUL TEACHES THE COLOSSIANS WHO THEY ARE IN
CHRIST.
IN THE LAST TWO CHAPTERS, HE INSTRUCTS THEM ON HOW TO WALK IN CHRIST.
COLOSSIANS IS THE SEVENT OF PAUL'S LETTER.
15
PAUL MAKES A FEW STATEMENTS AS TO WHY HE WROTE THIS LETTER:
●HE HEARD ABOUT THEIR GROWTH AND WANTS TO ENCOURAGE THEM.

●HE WANTS THEM TO WALK IN CHRIST AND REMAIN ESTABLISHED IN THEIR FAITH.
●HE KNOWS FALSE TEACHERS ARE TRYING TO LEAD THEM ASTRAY.
COLOSSIANS EMPHASIZES THE BELIEVER'S MIND.
1 THESSALONIANS
AUTHOR: PAUL
THIS IS ONE OF THE MOST POSITIVE LETTERS FROM PAUL TO A CHURCH.
THE THESSALONIANS SET A GOOD EXAMPLE FOR CHURCHES IN THE AREA.
FIRST THESSALONIANS IS THE EIGHTH OF PAUL'S LETTER.
PAUL OPEN HIS LETTER COMMENDING THE THESSALONIANS FOR THEIR “WORK OF FAITH”,
“LABOR OF LOVE” AND “STEADFASTNESS OF HOPE”.
PAUL WRITES TO REMIND, ENCOURAGE, AND INSTRUCT THEM CONCERNING A FEW AREAS
OF INTEREST.
●ENCOURAGEMENT FOR THE THESSALONIANS

●EXPRESSION OF PAUL'S AFFECTION FOR THEM.
●INSTRUCTION FOR THE FUTURE.
2 THESSALONIANS
AUTHOR: PAUL
THE CHURCH HAD CONTINUE GROWING IN FAITH AND LOVE WITH THE HOPE THAT JESUS
WOULD RETURN.
THE THESSALONIANS WERE BEING TOLD THAT THE DAY THEY HAD HOPE FOR HAD
ALREADY PASSED.
SOME OF THEIR OWN HAD JUST GIVEN IN. THEY WERE UNDISCIPLINED, DOING NO WORK,
AND YET TRYING TO BE INVOLVED IN EVERYONE ELSE'S AFFAIR.
THIS CHURCH WAS VERY DEAR TO PAUL'S HEART; THEY WERE HIS CHILDREN IN THE LORD
SO HE FREACHES OUT TO THEM AGAIN WITH A LETTER ADDRESSES THESE THREE ISSUES
SECOND THESSALONIANS IS THE NINTH OF PAUL'S LETTER.

PAUL'S NEED TO ADDRESS THE THREE TROUBLES THE CHURCH IN
THESSALONICA FACED.
●PERSECUTION FROM THE OUTSIDE.
●DESAIR FROM FALSE DOCTRINE.
●BUSY BODIES IN THE CHURCH.
1 TIMOTHY
TIMOTHY WAS PAUL'S PROTEGE “ CHILD IN FAITH”
1 TIMOTHY IS ABOUT SOUND DOCTRINE AND GODLINESS. PAULS DEALS WITH TWO ISSUES
IN THIS EPISTLES: WHAT CHRISTIAN SHOULD OR SHOULD NOT TEACH. WHAT GODLINESS
LOOK LIKE IN THE CHURCH.
FIRST TIMOTHY IS A LETTER TO A YOUNG CHURCH LEADER WITH SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS

ON HOW TO “FIGHT THE GOOD FIGHT”.
THIS BOOK GIVES US A LOOK AT PAUL'S INSTRUCTIONS REGARDING THE CHALLENGES

TIMOTHY FACED.
16
FIRST TIMOTHY IS THE FIRST OF PAUL'S PASTORAL EPISTLES.
TIMOTHY HAS SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP WITH PAUL, AND IT SHOWS. IN THOS LETTER, WE
SEE PAUL'S EXPECTATIONS OF TIMOTHY.
TIMOTHY A IN GREAT DETAIL AND FOCUS MORE ON “HOW” FIRST TIMOTHY LAYS OUT
SPECIFIC WAYS TO HONOR ELDERS AND WIDOWS.
2 TIMOTHY
AUTHOR: PAUL
PAUL'S SECOND LETTER TO TIMOTHY FOCUSES ON SOLEMN CHARGES TO THE YOUNGER

PASTOR:
●GUARD AND FIGHT FOR THE GOSPEL
●PURSUE RIGHTEOUSNESS.
●CONTINUE AND SOUND TEACHING.
●PREACH THE WORD.
SECOND TIMOTHY SHOWS US WHAT PAUL NEEDED ANOTHER PREACHER TO KNOW

BEFORE HE WAS TAKEN FROM THE WORLD.
SECOND TIMOTHY IS THE SECOND OF PAUL'S PASTORAL EPISTLES.
SECOND TIMOTHY IS PROBABLY THE LATEST OF PAUL'S LETTERS.

TITUS
AUTHOR: PAUL
TITUS IS PAUL'S PARTNER IN MINISTRY, A GENTILE. LIKE TIMOTHY, TITUS IS PAUL'S CHILD
IN THE FAITH, HE WAS INTRODUCED TO CHRIST THROUGH PAUL'S MINISTRY.
THIS SHORT EPISTLE UNPACKS THAT CONCEPT IN PAUL'S LIST OF THINGS TITUS SHOULD
DO:
APPOINT ELDERS
INSTRUCT PEOPLE TO BE SENSIBLE
ENCOURAGE GOOD DEEDS
THE BOOK OF TITUS IS A SHORT GUIDE TO SETTING UP IN ORDER LOCAL CHURCHES OF

FIRST CENTURY CRETE.
TITUS IS THE LAST PAUL'S PASTORAL EPISTLES.
TITUS GIVES US A CONCISE ARGUMENT FOR GOOD DEEDS: THE PEOPLE OF THE CHURCH
SHOULD BEHAVE DIFFERENTLY FROM THE PEOPLE OF THE WORLD BECAUSE GOD HAS
CHANGED THEM.
PHILEMON
AUTHOR: PAUL
PHILEMON IS A GOOD GUY. HE LOVES JESUS AND THE OTHER BELIEVERS.
PHILEMON OWN SLAVED, ONESIMUS. ONESIMUS HAD RUN AWAY FROM PHILEMON, AND
SOMEHOW MET IN PAUL IN HIS TRAVEL. PAUL SHARED THE GOSPEL TO ONEMISUS AND
HAD BEEN SAVED.
PAUL SAID TO ONEMISUS TO GO BACK TO HIS OLD MASTER.
ONEMISUS IS GOING TO SHOW UP ON PHILEMON'S DOORSTEP WITH A NOTE FROM PAUL.

17
THIS MESSAGES URGES HIM TO DO SOMETHING UNHEARD OF: FORGIVE ONESIMUS AND
ACCEPT HIM AS A BROTHER NOT A SLAVE.
PHILEMON IS A HYBRID. THE MAIN THRUST OF THE LETTER IS TO PHILEMON, AN

INDIVIDUAL CHURCH LEADER, BUT THE LETTER IS ALSO ADDRESSED TO APPHIA,
ARCHIPPUS, AND THE CHURCH IN PHILEMON'S HOUSE.
PHILEMON ISN'T THE SHORTEST BOOK OF THE BIBLE( THAT'S 3 JOHN) BUT IT IS ONLY ONE
CHAPTER LONG WITH 335 WORDS.
HEBREWS
THE BOOK OF HEBREW IS A LONG LIST OF REASONS TO CLING JESUS.
HEBREW WAS WRITTEN FOR CHRISTIANS WHO HAD BEEN IN THE CHURCH FOR A WHILE.
IT'S A WORD OF EXHORTATION, A MESSAGE THAT COMFORTS US AND MOTIVATES US TO

OBEY GOD.
HEBREW IS AABOUT JESUS SUPREMACY. NO OTHER BOOK IN THE BIBLE SO POWERFULLY

DEMONSTRATES JESUS SUPREMACY.
APART FROM ROMANS, HEBREWS IS THE MOST DOCTRINE-HEAVY BOOK OF THE NEW
TESTAMENT.
THIS BOOK COMPELLINGLY PREACHES AND RE-PREACHES CHRIST TO THOSE WHO KNOW
HIM.
HEBREW IS ALSO WELL KNOWN FOR ITS ELEVENTH CHAPTER, WHICH HAS BEEN
NICKNAMED THE “HALL OF FAITH”.
JAMES
AUTHOR: JAMES
THE APOSTLE JAMES MEETS THIS LINE OF THOUGHT HEAD ON: “FAITH WITHOUT WORK IS
DEAD”
HE WRITES A LETTER TO THE CHRISTIAN JEWS SCATTERED ACCROSS THE WORLD.
IN ONLY 108 VERSE, JAMES ADDRESSES THE TRIALS HIS BROTHERS AND SISTERS ARE
FACING IN THE WORLD.
1 PETER
AUTHOR: PETER
THE APOSTLE PETER WRITES THIS CHRISTIANS A LETTER TO ADDRESS THESE ISSUES IN
TWO WAYS:
●TESTIFY THE TRUTH.

EXHORT THEM TO LIVE ACCORDINGLY.
TO PETER , SUFFERING IS SOMETHING THE CHRISTIAN

SHOULD ALWAYS SEE COMING.
NO OTHER BOOK OF THE BIBLE FOCUSES ON SUFFERING AND GLORY AS MUCH AS FIRST
PETER.
FIRST PETER IS THE SECOND OF THE GENERAL EPISTLES.
THIS LETTER FROM PETER FOCUSES ON THE SUFFERINGS AND GLORY OF CHRIST AND HIS
CHURCH. TO PETER, CHRISTIAN SUFFERING ISN'T SOMETHING TO PUT UP WITH- ITS
SOMETHING TO EXPECT.
18
2 PETER
AUTHOR: PETER
AFTER JESUS ROSE FROM THE GRAVE, HE HAD A SPECIAL CONVERSATION WITH PETER
ABOUT HOW THE APOSTLE WOULD DIE.
PETER KNOWS THAT HE WILL DIE FOR THE LORD, AND THAT HIS TIME WAS DRAWING
NEAR.
SECOND PETER URGES THE CHURCH TO STAND FIRM- BECAUSE EVEN WHEN PETER IS
GONE, THE CHURCH WAS CARRY ON.
SECOND PETER IS THE THIRD OF THE GENERAL EPISTLES.
PETER HAD SAID IN A PREVIOUS LETTER THAT “ THE WORD OF THE LORD ENDURES
FOREVER”
PETER WOULD DIE, BUT HE BELIEVED THE SCRIPTURES WOULD LIVE ON- AND HIS LAST
RECORDED WORDS URGES US TO REMEMBER THEM.
1 JOHN
AUTHOR: JOHN
JOHN'S LETTER MOVES AROUND FROM THEME TO THEME, BUT HE MAKES THREE THINGS
VERY CLEAR TO THE CHURCH:
THE CHILDREN OF GOD BELIEVE IN JESUS CHRIST

THE CHILDREN OF GOD KEEP HIS COMMANDMENTS
THE CHILDREN OF GOD LOVE ONE ANOTHER.
FIRST JOHN IS POWERFUL. IT'S ALSO A BIT ODD. IT READS SOMEWHAT LIKE A LETTER,
SOMEWHAT LIKE A SERMON, AND A LITTLE LIKE SOME PASSAGES FROM PROVERBS.
FIRST JOHN'S ROLE IN THE BIBLE IS CLOSELY RELATED TO THE GOSPEL OF JOHN.
THE GOSPEL OF JOHN WRITTEN TO PERSUADE NON- CHRISTIAN TO BELIEVE IN JESUS AND
FIND ETERNAL LIFE IN HIS NAME.
NO OTHER BOOK OF THE BIBLE TALKS ABOUT LOVE AS OFTEN AS FIRST JOHN.
2 JOHN
IN SECOND JOHN, THE ELDER BRIEFLY EXPLAINS THE FRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE
THREE:
●LOVE AND THRUTH

●TRUTH AND OBEDIENCE
●OBEDIENCE AND LOVE
JOHN WRITES THIS SECOND LETTER TO THE “CHOSEN LADY AND HER CHILDREN”
SECOND JOHN IS THE FOURTH OF THE GENERAL EPISTLES.
SECOND JOHN IS THE SECOND SHORTEST BOOK OF THE BIBLE. IT'S ONLY ONE CHAPTER
LONG, AND HAS ONLY THIRTEEN VERSES.
3 JOHN
THIRD JOHN IS THE FIFTH OF THE GENERAL EPISTLES.
THIRD JOHN IS THE SHORTEST BOOK OF THE BIBLE: ONLY 219 WORDS.
JUDE
AUTHOR: JUDE
19
JUDE HADN'T ALWAYS BELIEVED IN JESUS, BUT AFTER HE ROSE FROM THE DEAD, THINGS
CHANGED. THE WORLD CHANGED. HIS BROTHER CHANGED. JUDE CHANGED.
IN JUST 25 VERS, JUDE'S COVERS A FEW IMPORTANT POINTS FOR CHRISTIANS TO

REMEMBER:
●THE THREAT TO THE FAITH
●CHARACTERISTIC OF THE UNGODLY.
●THE APOSTLES WARNINGS.
JUDE IS THE SEVENTH AND LAST OF THE GENERAL EPISTLES. JUDE'S CONTENT MIRRORS
THE SECOND AND THRID CHAPTERS OF PETER'S SECOND LETTER.
JUDE ALSO RELIES HEAVILY ON THE INSPIRED SCRIPTURES, SPECIALLY GENESIS AND
NUMBERS.
JUDE IS ONLY ONE CHAPTER LONG, AND IT'S FIFITH SHORTEST BOOK OF THE BIBLE.
REVELATION
AUTHOR : JOHN
REVELATION IS THE RESOLUTION OF ALL THINGS:

THE KINGDOM OF GOD IS ONCE AGAIN PHYSICALLY AND LITERALLY RESTORED TO EARTH.
THE DEAD ARE RAISED.
THE FINAL JUDGEMENTS ARE RENDERED. AND A THINGS ARE MADE NEW.
REVELATION IS TRADITIONLLY ATTRIBUTED TO THE APOSTLE JOHN, WHO ALSO WROTE A

GOSPEL AND THREE NEW
TESTAMENT LETTERS.
REVELATION MAY BE DISTINCT FROM THE NEW TESTAMENT. REVELATION'S SYMBOLIC

VISIONS ARE SIMILAR TO
WHAT YOU'D SEE IN THE OLD TESTAMENT PROPHECIES OF EZEKIEL, DANIEL, AND
ZECHARIAH.
REVELATION IS THE LAST BOOK OF THE NEW TESTAMENT AND THE BIBLE .
Activity
Name:
1. It is the last book of the new testament and also the last book of the bible.
2. This book is only has one chapter.
3. It is the shortest book of the bible.
4. The 3 John is consist of only _____ words.
5. He is Paul’s protege.
Enumerate the Books in the New Testament and arrange it according to their
divisions.
In particular order.
20
MIDTERM
Objective:
To implant in the mind of everyone the vital role preformed by the chosen leaders by God.
How they become victorious in all battles in lives they encountered. Also to give insight to the
learners the view of God’s leader, under the leadership of God.
Introduction:
God calls leaders not because of their own strength and potentials. God calls leader who one
in teachable spirit. The chosen leaders of God always follows and obeys God instructions. They
are all equip by God.
Motivation:
You should understand the characters of a leader. You should know that becoming a leader
is being a servant not being a boss. The very purpose of being a leader is “to served” not “to be
served”.
LESSON 4
KNOWING THE FOREFATHERS OF OUR FAITH
THE STORY OF ABRAHAM

According to the biblical account, abram (the father is exalted), who is later named abraham
(the father of many nation), a native of ur in mesopotamia, called by god (yahweh) to leave his
own country and people and journey to an undesignated land, where he will become the founder
of a new nation. He obeys the call unquestioningly and (at 75 years of age) proceeds with his
barren wife, sarai,
Later named sarah (princess), his nephew lot, and other companions to the land of canaan
(between syria and egypt).
Eventually, he not only has a son, ishmael , by his wife maidservant hagar but has, 100
years of age, by sarah, a legitimate son, isaac, who is to be the heir of the promise.
ABRAHAM'S CALLING
Abram was in haran at the age of 75 when he got the call from the god to leave his home
and family behind and follow god into a strange and that he would give him. Anraham moved
south into the land of canaan, a land inhabited by a warrior people called cananites. He settled
temporarily in sechem and bethel. God told abraham his descendants would inherit cananites
land.
EGYPTAN LAY OVER
a famine in the land forced abram and his people moved to egypt. fearful that pharaoh
would kill abraham for his beautiful wife. abram asked sarai to pretend she was his sister
instead. pharaoh noted sarai and took her as concubine. for this, god struck the pharaoh return
sarai and askd them to leave egypt. abraham left with cart of wealth.
RENEWAL OF ABRAHAM'S CALLING
Abram returned to canaan with lot and sarai, but lot and abram had a dispute over
grazing land for their herds. Breaking with traditions, abram allowed lot- the younger of the two-
choose the land he would take. Lot chose the fertile plain to the east, and
Abram took the hills to the west. Lot's land included the cities of sodom and gomorrah.
After abram was given settled, god came to abram and renewed his promise that abram would
inherit for his descendants all the land he could see in every direction.
Lot moved to sodom and was captured when local tribes attacked the city. Abram who had
grown wealthy and distinguished armed his men and pursued lot's kidnappers,regainning lot and
his psesions. Again god affirmed his promises to abram, abram now being well advanced in years
21
and without offspring.god reaffirmed that he would give the land from the nile to the euphrates to
abram's descendants, but only after they had spent 400 years as slave.
THE FIRST SON
With god having more the once affirmed his promised of numerous progeny to abram,,
sarai made a suggestion. In the ancient world, it was custom to offer a subsitute to bear a child
to ensure the continuation of the family. Rai offered her egyptian handmaid, hagar to abram to
bear them a child. Abram consented, and at the age of 86 hagar bore him a son , ishmael.
THE SECOND SON
Thirteen years after the birth of ishmael , god once again appeared to abram anad renewed
his covenant with abram through the sign of circumcision and even expanded the promises. If
abram would “walk before the lord and be upright” Then god would make abram the“FATHER
OF MULTITUDE NATIONS” Godchanged abram name to abraham, which means the “father of
many nations”, and he changed sarai's name to sarah, meaning “the princess”. God also revealed
that the promises would not come through abraham or through ishmael, but through another
son that would be born to sarah in years time. Abraham laughed at this seemingly absurd
promise, because abraham was 99 at that time and sarah was 89. When abraham laughed god
said the boy's name would be isaac, which means “he laughed”.
God speaks to abraham, in the guise of a traveller with companions( who were two angels).
They were on their way to sodom to destroy the city for its wickedness. Abraham boldly bargained
with god on behalf of lot, and because of abraham's favor, god relented: If there were just 10
righteous people in sodom, god would not destroy it. During god's and the angel's visit,
abraham served them bedouin hospitality: A goat, eter and other food.later, god could not find
even ten righteous in sodom, but spared lot's family by waving them to destroy before he
destroyed the city. Lot's wife was turned to a pillar of salt when she turned tgo view sodom as she
fled.
A year later, sarah gave birth to isaac. Sarah grew increasingly jelous of hagar and ishmael, and
abraham relented to allow sarah to send them o into the wilderness. God save hagar and ishmael
and promised ishmael would also the father a great nation through 12 son, assumed by tradition
the twelve arab tribes. According to christian and jewish scripture, gos stipulated, though, that
the covenant would follow through isaac's line. In talmudic tradition, ishmael was later down-
played, cast as a bully to younger brother isaac. According to the koran, hagar and ishmael made
a journey to meca where they build a home and abraham often visited them.
THE OFFERING
According to the judaism and christianity, isaac is the son whom the offering story is
about.
According to the islamic interpretation, ishmael is the son in the story.either way,
abraham was asked in a test of faith by god to take one of his s onto mount moriah and sacrifice
him as a burnt offering. At the time, children were often sacrificed as burnt offerings to variety of
deities. Abraham submitted, despite the fact that “he love” His son. He took the son up on the
mountain and prepared to sacrifice him. At the last momen. God told him to stay his hand and a
ram appeared in the bushes.abraham and his son slayed the ram as an offering, instead. God
reiterated his promises to abtram again;
At this point, and made the covenant binding. Because abraham had faith in the one god,
god showed himself different from other gods who desired human sacrifice and started his history
with a people. The jews or the muslims. Christianity also lays claim to his story as the farer
shadowing of the sacrifice of jesus christ.
DEATH OF PATRIARCH
After sarah died, two things happened.the koran tells the story of Abraham and Ishmael
making a journey to retrieve kaaba (the islam's great shrine- from the sand). Also abrahm sent a
servant to find a suitable wife for isaac among abraham's relatives. The servant returned with
rebecca. Rebecca married isaac and had a son esau and jacob. The jewish covenant would pass
down through jacob, who would have 12 sons who would become the 12 tribes of israel.
Likewise, jacob's sons would include joseph and judah, and the birthright would contin through
joseph and the scepter through judah, which is important for establishing of jesus christ in the
line of covenant.
22
Abraham married keturah and had six more sons. Abraham died at 175 years old and was
burried in cave in hebron with sarah before he could inherit the land canaan. Both isaac and
ishmael attended the funeral.
THE STORY OF ISAAC
Isaac of the old testament lived from 1716 bc to 1896 bc. Based on what we known from the bible
chronology. He was the promised and long awaited son born from abraham ancd sarah in their
old age.
Many years later, according to established bible chronology the lord spoken to abraham,
calling upon him to sacrifice isaac on mount moriah. Isaac went willinly, even carrying the woods
for the fire, not realizing he was to be the offering unto the lord. It would seems, however, that
when the time came from his death, isaac, being a strong young man. Anmd abraham, beinfg
elderly, that isaac could have protested his impending death, and yet choose not. Abraham
vbound his son with a rope, placed him on the altar they had built together, and raised the knife
to slash isaac's throat just then, an angel intervened instructing abraham to sacrifice a ram
instead, one that the lord had provided himself, that was caught in a thicket nearby.
When it was time for isaac to chose a wife, his father abraham decided, per custom, that
hisson would mary a cousin. This tradition kept lnd and wealth in the control of the tribes ruling
family. Abraham sent a messenger to his brother laban in mesopotamia, who hd a grand
daughter named rebecca. The messenger devised a plan to learn if rebecca was truly to be isaac's
wife. When rebecca met the messenger, she offered water not only to the man but his thirsty
camel as well, fullfiling what the messenger had set up in his mind as test of sorts. The
messenger
Then formally introduced himself and told the family of his mission. Bible chronology tell
us that rebecca agreed to the marriage, and she and isaac were happily married.
They were certainly inlove, although, scripture tell us rebecca appeared for some time to
be barren. But then isaaac cried out to the lord, and she became pregnant. It was a difficult nine
months, after which she bore twin sons, esau and jacob. Isaac preffered the first born trwin,
esau. He was a man's man and an excellent hunter. Revbecca, however, favored jacob, the quiet
one, the one who seemed to stay on her side more.
Esau, being the first born son, would, as his birthright, inherit a great portion of his
father's wealth than jacob. One day esau came in tired and revenous from a day in the fields.
Jacob was cooking an lentil stew, and esau inisited he be served some immediately. He was
certain he was starving. Jacob , however, with held the food, and frequired of esau something in
exchange- his vdery birthright as an older brother. Esau saw no use for a birthright to a man
dying of starvation. Jacob continued to with hold the food. “swear to me as of this day”, said
jacob, and foolish esau swore an oath trading away his birthright to his younger brother for a
bowl of stew.
Eventually isaac's time on earth was drawing to a close, and the issue of his rightful
successor resurfaced. Custom required that the father give a blessing to his heir, to confirm his
position as leader of the tribe. When isaac was old and blind, rebecca coached jacob on how to
trick his father into mistaking him for esau. She dressed jacob in esau's favorite clothing and
covered his arms and neck with the skins of a young goat. Which she prepared for jacob to feed
his father, in preparation for receiving the blessing, that was due esau. Disguised as he was, he
discovered isaac and receive the first born's blessing. Esau was completely infuriated when he
learned of this, and was going to murder his younger twin. Rebecca however learned of this and
was able to get safely jacob out of the camp, and away to her relatives in mesopotamia.
THE STORY OF JACOB
Jacob is the grand son of abraham. He is the son of of isaac and rebecca and the traditional
ancestor of the people of israel.
According to the old testament, jacob was the younger twin of esau, who was the ancestor
of edom and the edomites. The two are the representatives of two differentgrades of social order,
Jacob being a pastoralist and esau a nomadic hunter. During her pregnancy rebecca was told by
god that she would give birth to twins: Each of them would found a great nation. Esau, the elder,
would serve his younger brother. As it turned out, jacob, by means of an elaboratedouble
deception,
Managed to obtain his older brother's birthright from their father. Jacob, then feed his brother's
wrath and went to take refuge with the aramaean tribe of ancestors at haran in mesopotamia.
23
Along his journey, jacob received a special revelation from god; god promised jacobs land
and numerous offspring that would prove to be the blessing of the entire earth. Jacob named the
place were he received his vision “bethel” (house of god). Arriving at his uncle laban's home
haran, jacob fell in love with his cousins raquel. He worked for her father laban for seven years to
obtain raquel's hand in marriage, but then laban substituted her older daughter leah, for raquel
at the wedding ceremony. Unwittingly married to leah, jacob was thus completed to served laban
for another seven years, so that he could take his beloved raquel as wife. Jacob then served laban
for another 6 years, during which he amassed a large aunt of property: He then set out with his
wives and children to return to palestine.
On the way jacob wrestled with a mysterious stranger, a divine being, who changed jacob's name
to israel. Jacob then met and was reconciled with esau and settled in canaan.
Jacob had 13 children, 10 of whom were fonders of tribes of israel. Leah bore him his only
daughter, dinah, and six sons: Reuben, simeon, levi (ancestors of levites), judah ( from whom a
tribe and davidic monarchy were descended), issachar and zebulum. Leah's maidservant, bilhah,
bore him dan and napthali. Raquel's son was benjamin and joseph ( who did not found a tribe ,
but whose sons founded the tribes of manasseh and ephraim).
The story of jacob's later years more properly belongs to the story of joseph. Late in his
life, a famine prompted jacob and his sons to migrate to egypt, where he was reunited with his
son joseph, who had disappeared some years before. Israel died in egypt at the age of 147 years
and was burried in canaan at hebron.
The stories about jacob's birth and his acqusition of the birthright provide a thinly veiled
apology for the relation between edom (edom) and israel davidic times. Edom the older nation,
was made subject to israel by david. The jacob's stories assume and emphasize that all things
occur by divine designed. The divine objective is of overriding significance; it is god's will that
esau (edom) shall live in the dessert and be subject to israel.
THE STORY OF MOSES
According to the biblical account, moses parents were from the tribe of levi, one of the group in
egypt called hebrews. The biblical hebrews had been in egypt for generations, but apparently
they become a threat, so one of the pharaohs enslaved them.
THE FORMATIVE YEARS
One of the measure taken by the egyptians to restrict the growth of the hebrews was go order the
death of all new born hebrew males. According to the tradition, moses parents, amram and
jochebed (whose other chidren were aaron and miriam), hid him for three months and then set
him afloat on the nile in freed basket daubed with pitch. The child, found by the pharaoh's
daughter while bathing, was reared in the egyptian court. The name moses is derived from
egyptian mose ( is born ) ais found in such names as thtmose ([the god] thot is born ). Originally,
it is niferred, moses' name was longer, but the deity's name was dropped.
Moses' years in the court are passed over silence, but it is evident from his
accomplishments later that he had instruction in religious, civil and military matters. Oses
undoubtedly had general knowledge of life in the ancient near east. During his eduction he
learned somehow that he was a hebrew, and his sense of concern and curiosity impelled him to
visit his people. Moses lived 120 years and was 80 when he confronted pharaoh, but there is no
indication how old he was when he went to see the hebrews.
Most likely moses was about 25 when he took the inspection tour among his people. There
he saw the oppresive measures under which they laboured. When he found an egyptian
taskmaster beating a hebrew, probably to death, he could control his sense of justice no
longer.after checking to make sure that no one was in sight, he killed the tough egyptian
overload. As a prince in the court, moses was probably in excellent condition, and apparen he
knew the latest methods of combat. The flush of victory pulled moses back the next day. He had
removed one threat to his people and was determined to assist them again.this time, however, he
found two hebrews
Fighting. After parting them, he questioned the offender in an attemp to mediate the
disagreement. Two question jolted him:“who made you a princeand judge over us? Do you intend
to kill me as you killed the egyptian?” The confidence of the self appointed deliverer turned int
ofear. One of his own knew his “secret” And soon pharaoh would, too. Realizing that he would
have to flee, he went to midian(mainly in the northwest arabia)
MOSES IN MIDIAN
24
In noting the flight to midian the narrative says nothing of the difficulties involved. Like
sinuhe, the egyptian court official whose flight in about 1960 bce was narrated in a famous story,
moses undoubtedly had to filter through the “wall of the ruler”, a series of forts at the eastern
border,approximately where the suez canal is now located. From there he made his way
southeast through very desolate country. Midian proper was east of the gulf of aqaba, in the
northern Section of hejaz in arabia, but there is evidence that some of tghe midianite clans
crossed over the arabah and settled in the eastern and southern of sinai peninsula.
While moses was resting as well, seven daughters of the midianite priest jethro came to
water their father's flocks. Other sheperds arrived and drove the girls away in order to water their
own flocks. Again moses showed his courage and prowess as a warrior because he took on the
sheperds and routed them. Moses stayed on with jethro and eventually married zipporah, one of
the daughters. In assuming the rsponsibility of jethro's flocks, moses roamed the wilderness
looking for pasture.
One day at the base of a mountain, his attention was attracted by a flaming bush, but,
oddly, it was not consumed. He had seen bushes brilliant with flamelike blossoms, but this
phenomenom was different, and so he turned aside to investigate it. Before he could do so, he
was warned to come no closer. Then he was ordered to remove his sandals because he was
standing on holy ground.
Regardless of how one interprets the burning bush, the important fact is that moses was
concious of an encounter with deity. This god, who claimed to be the god of abraham, isaac and
jacob, was calling him to deliver the hebrew from egypt. Although on his own hand he had
previously been zealous to help his own people, now that he was being commissioned to deliver
them to expressed doubt concernin his qualifications. The underlying reason was probably fear-
he had fled fom seti i, and he did not relish confrontations with ramses ii. God reassured moses
that in the future he and and the hebrew would worship at this mountain. Then moses asked to
know the name of the deity commissioning him. The god of the fathers had been known mostly as
el elyon ( god most high ) or el shaddai( god of the mountain or almighty god ), but he identified
himself to moses as yahweh and gave instructions that he was to be called by his new name
from then on. Yahweh means he who creates (bring into being). This revelation enabled moses to
understand the god of the hebrews as the sovereign lord over nature and the nations of the world.
Even after further assurances, moses was still reluctant to accept yahweh yahweh's call;
therefore, he pleaded for release because he was stammerer. Yahweh acknowledged the defect
but promised to help him express himself. Awed by his assignment, moses made a final desperate
plea, “oh my lord, send, i pray, some other person.: Although angry at moses, yahweh would not
yield. Moses would still be yahweh's representtive, but his golden tounged brother aaron uld be
the spokesman. Apparently moses was ready to ply the role of god to pharaoh providing aaron
would serve as his prophet. He returned to jethro and requested permission to visit his people in
egypt, but he did not disclose that he had been commissioned by yahweh.
MOSES AND THE PHARAOH
Ramses ii became king as a tennager and reigned for 67 years. He aspired to defeat the
hittites and control of all syria, but in the fifth year of his reign ramses walked into a hittite trap
laid for him at kadesh, on the orontes river in syria. By sheer determination he fought his way
out, but in the light of his purpose the battle was an utter failure. Yet ramses, like the pharaohs,
claimed to be divine; therefore, the defeat had to be interpreted as a marvellous victory in which
alonesubdued the hittites. His wounded ego expressed itself in massive building operation
throughout egypt, and before his reign ended, the boast of his success lterally filled acres of wall
space.
It was probably only few years after the kadesh incident that moses and aaron vomfronted
remses with their demand, “thus says the lord, the god of israel, let my people go”. As a got in
human form ramses was not accostumed to taking orders from lesser gods, let unknown like
yahweh. “who is the lord,” He inquired, “that i should heed his voice and let israel go? I do not
know the lord, nd moreover i will not let israel go”. Thus the stage was set for a long struggle
between a distrustful ruler with an outsize ego and a prophet with a new understanding of
yahweh and his power.
Ramses increased the oppresion of the hebrews by the fienh plan of requiring them to
gather the straw binder for the bricks and produce the same quota each day. Some of the
hebrews rebuffed moses, and in frustration he asked yahweh, “why didst thou ever send me?”
25
Moses' doubt was allayed by yahweh's promise to take action against pharaoh. Scholars differ
widely concerning the narrative about plagues.
During these months moses used the plagues of the frogs, gnants, mosquitoes, cattle
murrain, boils, hail, locusts, and thick darkness to increase the pressure on ramses.at the first
the king was adamant. The Hebrews were not the only disgruntled slaves, as if he agreed to let
them go, then other groups would want the same privilege. To protect his building program, he
had to suppress the slave rebellion at its outset yet he could not discount the effect of the
plagues, grudgingly he began to acknowledge yahweh's power . As an expedient attempt to
restore order, he offered to let the hebrew sacrifice in goshen. When he failed, he suggested that
they make offering yahweh at the edge of the egyptian boarder.mses however insisted on a three -
day journey into the wildernes .pharaoh countered by allowing the hebfrew men to make the
journey, but this,too, was rejected . As his final offer pahraoh agreed to let the peiople go,. He
would keep the livestock, however , as the guarantee of their return. Moses spured the
condition,and in anger pahraoh drove him out. After nine rounds with pahraoh it appeared that
the deliverance of the hebrew was no nearer , but in contrast to his earlier period of boubt and
frustration, moses showed no despair. Apparentlyhe had an inner assurance that pahraoh would
not have the last word.
FROM GOSHEN TO SINAI
Chapter 11-14 f exodus comprise an exceedingly complex section,nd at time the tradition
have contradictory statements. The drama is more blured than usual, and scholars vary
tremendously in their interpretation of the material. Onetradition notes that pahraoh was shaken
when death took his son and that he ordered the hebrew to leave. Another source indicatethat
moses used the period of mourning for the first-born son as the occasion for fleeding secretly
from coyntry. In their case , it is clear that pahraoh finally had his forces pursue the hebrew .
Although tradition interpreted the hebrew text to claim that about 2,000,000 people left
egypt,interpretation by critical methods duces the number to 15,000 or so.
The egyptian army cornered them at the sea of reeds (papyrus), which barred their exit to
the est. Later jewish tradition understood the body of water to be the red sea, and this erroneous
interpretation persists today , even in some of the most recent english translation of the
bible.scholars disagree as to e precise location of the red sea, but since papyrus grows only in
freshwater, it was most probobly a shsllow lake in the far northeastern corner of egypt.
Hemmed in by the egyptians, the people vented their complaints on moses. Accordingly to
one tradition, moses heard their uneasiness, and he called to yahweh for help. Another account
claims that moses confidently challenged them to be calm and watch for yahweh's deliverance. A
strong est wind blew all night, creating dry corridor through the lake and permitting the hebrew
to cross. Te pursuing egyptians were destroyed when the waters retured. The timing of this
natural eve nts gave the final answer to phraoh's arrogants question,”Who is yahweh “ safely on
the other side , moses and his sister miriam led the people in a victory song of praise to yahweh
( ex.15:1-21). The style of the poetry is smilar to that of 14th- century canaanites literature and
there is a very reason tbelieve that the poem vitually preserves the original form of the song,
with its refrain, “ sing to the lord , for he has triumphed gloriously, the hirse and in his riders he
has thrown into the sea”.
THE COVENANT AT SINAI
During the 14th century bce the hittites of asia minor made a number of treaties
neighbouring rulers who come under their control. The agreement was not between equals, but
between the hettite king ( the suzerain ) and a subordinte ruler ( the vassal ). In the prologue the
hettites ruler describeed himself as “ the great king “, the one granting the treaty . Then followed
a historical survey of reltionship between the hettites su was an oath of loyalty. Since suzerain
and his vassal. Special attention to the kindness shown the underling by the overlord was
intended to remind the vassal of his obligation to abide by the treaty stipultions. The basic
requirement was an oath of loyalty. Since egypty was involved with the hettites in the
international politics of the time, moses probobly learned about the hittites treatry form during
his years in the egyptian court.
The appearrance of yahweh in a terrific storm at mt. Sinai, narrated in chapter 19 and 20
of exodus, was a revelatory experience for moses, just as the burning bush had been. Somehow
he realized that the hittites treaty was an accurate analogy of the ratlationship between yahweh
and the hebrews. Yahweh had a claim upon them because he had delivered them. The only
26
proper response to his love and care would be a pledge of bedience to his will . Scholars have
tended to his will. Schiolars have tended to date the ten commandments ,or decalogues
( contained in the revelation at sinai), after the conquest of canaan, but there the absolutely
nothing in ese guidelines to indicate their originial in an agricultural context. More likely they
were the stipulations in the covenant ceremony at mt. Sinai. Because yaheh ws proclaim the
onlky true god , one of the first commas was appropriately a ban against all other gogs.
Authorities have debated whether or not this understanding was interpretred as monotheusm.
Most certainly it was not the ohilisiohical monotheism of later oeriods, but it was a pracrical
monotheism in that any godsrecognized by other nations were under yahweh's control. Inasmuch
as he had brough their presence in his council, he was lord over all gods and nations.
Another early command has been taken to mean aban making images of other gods, but
originally the probition applied to representations of yahweh himself. Worship in the ancient
world was unthinkable without some idols or image; therefore , the uniquness of moses'
restriction is all the more evident. Yahweh is the unimageable diety who cannot be represented
in material forms. Since yahweh had revealed the meaning of hisname to moses, it was fitting
that the decalogue should also prohibit any magical or unethical use of his name. Undoubtedly
the ideas underlying the other cammands came from the religious culture of his days, but they
were raised to a significantly higher level because of the holy, righteous charecter of yahweh.
Moses realized that, if t covenant people were to have a stable, just society, they would have to
emulatre their god . Concern for his creatures would mean respt for them as person. Murder,
adultery, theft, lying, and ceveteousness would never be legitimate because they lead to chaos
and breakdown of the community. Moreover, inasmuch as yahwey had been concerned to protect
the powerless hebrews in Egypt, they in turn would have to guarantee justice for the orphans,
widows, resident aliens,and other disadvantaged.
THE STORY OF DAVID
David is the second king of ancient israel. He was the father of solomon, who expanded
the empire that david built . He is an important figure in judaism, christianity and islam.
Early life
The youngest son of jesse , david began his career as an aide at the court of saul, israel's
first king . He so distinguished himself as a warrior against the philistines that his resultant
poularity aroused saul's jealously, and a plot was made to kill him. He fled into southern judah
and philistia , on the coatl plain of palestine, where, with rgreat sagacity and foresight, he to lay
the foundation of his career.
As an outlaw with a price on his head, david led the life of a r0bin hood on the desert
frontier of his tribal domain in judah ( in the south of the levant). He became leader and
organizer of a group of other outlaws and refugees, who progressively ingratiated themselves with
the local population by protecting them from other bandits or , in case they had been raided, by
pursuing the raiders and restoring the possessions that had been taken. Those actions eventually
ensured that he would be “ invited” To become king s the true successor of saul after the latter
was slain in the battle against the philitines on mt. Gilboa.
KINGSHIP
According to the biblical accoyunt, david was proclaimed king in hebron. He strguggled
for a few yeaers against thecointending claim and forces of ishbal, saul's surviving son., who
had also be crowned king, but the civil war ended with the number of ishbaal by his own
courtiers and the annointing of david as king over all of israel. He conquered the jebusite-held
town of jerusalem, which he made the capital of the new kingdom and to which he moved the
sacred ark of the covenant, the supreme symbol of israelites religion . He defeated the philistine
so thoroughly that they were never again a serious threat to the israelite 's security, and he
annexed the coastal region . He went on to establish an empire by becoming the overlord of
many small kingdoms bordering on israel, including edom, moab and ammon. David great
success as a warrior and empire builder was marred by interconnected family dessensions and
political revolts. Totie together with various kingdom, david took wives from them and created
harem. The resultant family was n extreme departure from the family in the consanguineal
context, the traditional clan structure. David's wives were mostly completely alien to one
onother, and his children were without the directing support of establised social patterns
thatprovides precdents for the resolution of conflict or forestablishing the rights of succession.
27
ACTIVITY
Name:
1. Who are the forefathers of our faith?
2. Choose among the forefathers of our faith and explain why you chose him.
LESSON 5: THE PROPHETS AND JUDGES

Objective:
To give you the insight of being prophets and Judges. And also to know how the difference in
works between Judges and Prophets.
Introduction:
God for the purpose of having good governance, appointed His most trusted servants to the
incomparable plans of God. God appointed leaders with a pure heart and truly devoted to serve
the people of God.
Motivation:
Someday, somehow, you will be motivated to be an agent of transformation for the fulfillment
of the University vision to comply on what God said, “ Go ye into the whole world and preach to
the word of God to the unsaved.”
LEARN AND IDENTIFY THE LEADERS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT
THE JUDGES
The book of judges is the second of the book of the former prophets in hebrew scripture,
and serves as part of the historical book of the greek septuagint old testament, in the following
order: Joshua, judges, ruth, samuel and kings, as well s the book of the restoration.
The book of judgesrelates the difficult period after the conquest of canaan by joshua, when
the twelve tribes began to settle in the territories assigned to them. The primary message is that
the twelve tribes thrive in the land when they are faithful to the lord, but when they fall away
from covenant, they are besieged by their enemies. Howevwer, the lord god remains faithful in
spite of their behavior, and when beseeched by the people, sends a judge to save them in times of
crisis. The cycle of sin, servitude, supplication, and salvation recurs throughout the book of
judges.
There are twelve judges : Othniel, ehud, shamgar, deborah, gideon, tola, jair, jephthah,
ibzan, elon, abdon, and samson. Six receive significant treatment: Othniel, ehud, deborah,
gideon, jephthah and samson.
ACTIVITY
Name:
Enumerate the 12 Judges in the Old Testament.
Enumerate the 6 Judges who received significant treatment.
In your own words and understanding, what is the book of Judges all about.
THE PROPHETS
28
NAME MEANING PLACE OF UNDER KING

ACTIVITY
29
ISAIAH
“YAHWEH IS JUDAH UZZIAH, JOTHAM, AHAZ,
SALVATION” HEZEKIAH, MANASSEH
JEREMIAH
“YAHWEH JUDAH JOSIAH,JEHOAHAZ,JEHOIAKIM
IS EXALT” JEHOIACHIN, ZEDEKIAH
EZEKIEL
“YAHWEH BABYLON JEHOIACHIN
STREGTHENS”
DANIEL
“YAHWEH IS MY BABYLON AND NEBUCHADNEZZAR,
JUDGE” PERSIA BEISHAZZAR, DARIUS, CYRUS
HOSEA
“SALVATION” ISRAEL JEROBOAM II,ZECHARIAH,
SHALLUM, MENAHEM,
PEKAHIAH, PEKAH, HOSHEA
JOEL
“YAHWEH IS GOD” JUDAH AHAZIAH, JOASH
AMOS
“BURDEN BEARER” ISRAEL JEROBOAM II
OBADIAH
“SERVANT OF JUDAH
YAHWEH”
JONAH
“DOVE” ISRAEL, JEROBOAM II
NINEVEH
MICAH
“WHO IS LIKE JUDAH JOTHAM, AHAZ, HEZEKIAH
YAHWEH”
NAHUM “COMFORT/ JUDAH MANASSEH, JOSIAH

CONSOLATION”
HABAKKUK
“EMBRACER” JUDAH JEHOIAKIM
ZEPHANIAH
“YAHWEH HIDES/ JUDAH JOSIAH
TREASURES/
PROTECTS”
HAGGAI
“MY FEAST/ JUDAH ZERUBBABEL
FESTIVAL”
ZECHARIAH
“YAHWEH JUDAH ZERUBBABEL
REMEMBERS”
30
MALACHI
“MY MESSENGER/ JUDAH ARTAXERXES I
ANGEL”
ACTIVITY
NAME:
COURSE/BLOCK/YEAR:
WRITE T IF THE STATEMENT IS TRUE AND F IF THE STATEMENT IS FALSE

AND EXPLAIN WHY IT IS FALSE AFTER THE STATEMENT.
____1. EZEKIEL MEANS “YAHWEH STREGTHENS”
____2. MICAH MEANS “WHO IS LIKE YAHWEH”
____3. OBADIAH MEANS “EMBRACER”
____4. ISAIAH PALCE OF ACTIVITY IS BABYLON.
____5. THE UNDER KING IN THE TIME OF PROPHET MALACHI IS

ZERUBBABEL.
ENUMERATE THE 16 PROPHETS AND THE MEANING OF THEIR NAMES.
31
FINALS
Objective:
To introduce Jesus.
To Introduce Jesus about His earthly ministry.
To let them know that Jesus is the manifestation of God the Father.
Introduction:
Like a normal human being Jesus Christ lived in this world full of struggles. He lived and
grew responsible human being. He is very generous and compassionate specially to the
oppressed.
Motivation:
You should appreciate the life , teaching and ministry of Jesus. To challenge you to open
your heart and have Jesus in your life accepting Him as your Lord and Saviour.
LESSON 6: THE LIFE AND MINISTRY OF JESUS

(TEACHING, PREACHING, HEALING)
The story of Jesus, as Christians know and tell it, comes from that part of the Bible called the
“New Testament.” The first four books—Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John—are known as the
“gospels,” meaning “good news.” They were all written between approximately 70 and 100 CE,
about two generations after the death of Jesus, and are based on stories of Jesus told and retold
by his followers. Matthew, Mark, and Luke are called the “synoptic” gospels, because they present
a “common view” of Jesus through many common sayings, parables, and events. Both Matthew
and Luke seem to have used Mark’s gospel in writing their own accounts. John’s gospel has a
distinctive voice, focusing more on the divinity of Christ in the context of a cosmic worldview. The
gospels come out of early communities still struggling with their identity in a Jewish context. The
Gospel of Matthew, for instance, is most conscious of the debates within Judaism after the
destruction of the Temple in 70 CE, while the Gospel of John shows signs of Christians being
expelled from synagogues. Although the gospels differ in their accounts of Jesus' life and
ministry, sometimes in significant ways, the early church did not blend them into one account
but preserved these four distinct gospels with their differences. Together they provide four views
of the life and teachings of Jesus.
According to the traditions of Luke and Matthew, Jesus was born in Bethlehem in Judaea in the
lineage of King David. Theirs is a story in which the ordinary and the miraculous intertwine. The
mother of Jesus is said to be Mary, who conceived Jesus by the power of the Holy Spirit (an act of
the divine) while she was still a young unmarried virgin; Joseph, her betrothed, was a carpenter
from Nazareth. Luke’s story is familiar to Christians throughout the world: The couple traveled to
Bethlehem to be counted in the census and, finding no room at the inn, they had to stay in a
stable. Jesus was born that night, his first bed a manger filled with hay. Nearby shepherds with
their flocks heard angels singing and hurried to see the newborn child. Matthew says nothing of
the stable or the shepherds, but tells of wise men or astrologers, who saw the light of a star and
came from the East bringing gifts to honor thechild. Mark and John omit the birth story
altogether, Mark beginning his account with the baptism of Jesus and John with the creation of
the cosmos.
There is little recorded of the childhood of Jesus, except Luke’s story of how, at the age of twelve,
Jesus' parents found him teaching the rabbis in the temple in Jerusalem. All four gospels,
however, speak of the critical event of Jesus' baptism by John the Baptist. The gospels do not
mention his age, but historians say that Jesus was about thirty. John’s message was one of
radical repentance and transformation. It was a time of political turmoil and religious
32
expectation; there were many Jewish movements that looked forward to a new age, the coming of
the Kingdom of God and the long-promised Messiah, the “anointed one.”
John the Baptist looked to the new age, announcing that the Kingdom of God was near
and baptizing people by the thousands in the River Jordan as an initiation into the kingdom to
come. One of those he baptized was Jesus of Nazareth. Mark’s gospel begins with this account of
Jesus' baptism: When Jesus came up out of the water, the skies were torn open and the Spirit,
like a dove from heaven, descended upon Jesus with the words, “You are my beloved son; with
you I am well pleased.”
Jesus’ baptism marks the beginning of his public ministry of preaching, teaching, and
healing. He was accompanied by a group of followers, some of them fishermen who left their nets
and their families, and some of them women whose presence can be seen throughout the period
of Jesus'
ministry. Jesus attracted large crowds as he began to teach in Galilee. His message of repentance
and turning to God was coupled with a message of God’s generosity, forgiveness, love and justice.
The gospels describe miracles performed by Jesus: healing the sick, casting out the
demons of mental illness from the tormented, and even bringing the dead back to life. They also
portray a powerful teacher whose parables made their point in surprising ways. Yes, one should
love one’s neighbor, but who is the neighbor? In one parable, a man is robbed, beaten, and left on
the road. Many pass him by without giving him help, including respected members of his own
community. The one who stops to help him is a Samaritan, a person from Samaria considered a
foreigner and an outsider. Jesus insists that the “great commandment” to love one’s neighbor as
oneself crosses all ethnic and religious barriers.
In his ministry, Jesus crossed many social barriers as well, mingling with the tax collector,
the adulterer, and the prostitute. He warned critics to remember their own imperfections before
condemning others and invited those who were wholly without sin to cast the first stone of
condemnation. The great commandment is not to judge one’s neighbor but rather to love one’s
neighbor, for judgment is God’s alone.
Jesus taught that the expected Kingdom of God was close at hand. It would not be an
earthly political kingdom, but rather a new reign of justice for the poor and liberation for the
oppressed. Those who would be included first in the Kingdom were not the elites and the
powerful, but the poor, the rejected, the outcasts. Jesus likened the coming of the Kingdom of
God to the growth of a tiny mustard seed, growing from within to create a new reality. His
disciples and many who heard him began to speak of Jesus as the long-awaited redeemer, the
Messiah, who would make the Kingdom of God a reality. When the term “Messiah” was translated
into Greek, the word they used was Christos, the Christ.
As Jesus traveled and preached, he angered the Roman rulers, who feared that he was
provoking unrest among the people and planning a revolution. He was also feared by Jewish
leaders because of his challenges to traditional authority and teachings. Jesus named hypocrisy
where he saw it and urged his community to claim a new prophetic vision. Those who opposed
him saw him as a dangerous upstart who wanted to form a cult around himself. Jesus was well
aware of these charges against him by political and religious authorities, and he predicted that he
would be attacked and persecuted.
After a teaching ministry of perhaps three years, Jesus went to Jerusalem to observe the
Jewish season of Passover. There he warned those closest to him of his coming death and
gathered them together for a meal that would be their last supper together. He was then betrayed
to the Roman authorities by Judas, one of his own followers, and captured. He was denounced by
the Jewish high priest as a blasphemer who claimed to be the Messiah. Taken before the Roman
authorities, Jesus was charged with sedition and executed by the Roman practice of crucifixion,
being nailed to a cross. It was Friday and burial rites would have to wait until the Sabbath was
over.
Early Sunday morning, according to all the gospel accounts, some of the women who had
followed and loved Jesus went to his tomb to prepare his body for a proper burial. When they
arrived, they discovered that the stone at the entry to the tomb had been rolled away and the
tomb was empty. According to the synoptic gospels, a figure in dazzling white appeared and told
the women that Jesus had been raised from the dead. In John’s account, a man who seemed to
be the gardener appeared to Mary Magdalene (a follower of Jesus) and spoke to her by name. It
was Jesus. Although their accounts differ, the gospels report that in the following days, many of
33
the disciples saw Jesus and experienced his presence. This experience of the living Christ is at
the heart of the Christian faith.
Those who have adopted the Christian faith through the centuries have understood the
life, death, and resurrection of Jesus as a profound affirmation of God’s presence in the midst of
humanity. The “Christ event,” according to many Christians, cannot be understood in the context
of the first century alone: It is as much a twenty-first century event, repeated and renewed daily
in the lives of those who take this as the story of their own faith.
LESSON 7 : CONVERTION OF PAUL

Objective:
To know the truth about Paul. And to know that from the great prosecutor of christian, Paul
become a faithful apostle of Jesus.
Introduction:
Paul, from being a worse leader, tyrant and having no God, one day was called by God and
was delivered from the bandage of darkness and was given changed to live in a sacred life. Paul’s
life challenge us, the unsaved and sinners to leaved the miserable life and have a better life.
Motivation:
Today, be challenge by the life and works of Paul. That nothing is impossible to God. For God can
turn down darkness into everlasting and ever enjoying light of life.
THE LIFE AND WORKS OF PAUL
The birth name of Paul is actually Saul. He was born into a Jewish family in the city of Tarsus.
His birth in a Roman "free city" grants him Roman citizenship, a privilege he will exercise later in
life. The early religious training Paul receives comes from the best Rabbinical school in
Jerusalem. It is led by the well-known and respected Pharisee Gamaliel.
Paul is thirty years old when he is an official witness at the stoning of Stephen. His Pharisaic zeal
for God's law and dedication to stopping the early spread of Christianity knew no bounds. After
seeing Stephen's life taken, he leads the first great wave of persecution against the early church.
On reflecting on his pre-conversion days Paul says the following.
"For you heard of my (Paul is speaking) former conduct when I was in Judaism, how I was
excessively persecuting the church of God and was destroying it; And I was advancing in Judaism
far beyond many of my contemporaries in my own nation, being more abundantly zealous for the
traditions of my fathers." (Galatians 1:13 - 14, HBFV)
How bad were the persecutions of Paul against the early New Testament church? His
dedication to eradicating those believing in the teachings of Jesus led him to take bold actions,
such as going from house to house in order to find believers (Acts 8:1, 3)!
After his efforts to stop the spread of early Christian beliefs in Jerusalem, he sets his
sights on achieving the even more audacious goal of removing any Christian influence in the
synagogues of Damascus. He receives written permission from the temple's High Priest to rid the
city's synagogues of any who believe in "the way." His intention is to arrest those who believe
Jesus is the Messiah and escort them back to Jerusalem for punishment.
It is during his trip to Damascus that the pivotal event in the life of Paul occurs. A spotlight from
heaven shines on him (Saul) during his travel and the voice of Jesus asks "Saul, Saul, why do
you persecute Me?" (Acts 9:4) God strikes him blind and his traveling companions must lead him
to the city. These events lead to his total repentance and receiving the gift of the Holy Spirit. God
also heals him of his blindness.
After his conversion, the same zeal and single-minded dedication Paul had against
Christianity transforms into a hyperactive-like quest to spread the gospel worldwide. His amazing
ministry lasts thirty-five years until his death at the age of sixty-six. His accomplishments are
astonishing given the rudimentary (by today's standard) level of transportation and other
difficulties that exist in the first century.
Important events and accomplishments in the life of Paul include his witnessing of the
stoning of Stephen. He is personally taught by Jesus, for three years, while living in Arabia.
During his ministry he resurrects at least one person from the dead and is resurrected himself
after being stoned to death. Paul carries out at least five evangelistic journeys, visits more than
50 cities in his travels and preaches the gospel to Emperor Caesar and his entire household.
34
He also writes no less than fourteen books (epistles) of the Bible (the most of any author), trains
other evangelists and gospel preachers like John Mark and Timothy, and endures a total of more
than five years in prison.
The apostle Paul, whose life was cut short by the Romans in 68 A.D., is easily the most
influential Christian in the New Testament short of Jesus himself.
The conversion of Paul was a great intellectual and moral revolution, yet without destroying
his identity. His noble gifts and attainments remained, but were purged of Selfish motives,
inspired by a new principle, and consecrated to a divine end. The love of Christ who saved him,
was now his all-absorbing passion, and no sacrifice was too great to manifest his gratitude to
Him. The architect of ruin became an architect of the temple of God. The same vigor, depth and
acuteness of mind, but illuminated by the Holy Spirit; the same strong temper and burning zeal,
but cleansed, subdued and controlled by wisdom and moderation; the same energy and boldness,
but coupled with gentleness and meekness; and, added to all this, as crowning gifts of grace, a
love and humility, a tenderness and delicacy of feeling such as are rarely, if ever, found in a
character so proud, manly and heroic. The little Epistle to Philemon reveals a perfect Christian
gentleman, a nobleman of nature, doubly ennobled by grace. The thirteenth chapter of the first
Epistle to the Corinthians could only be conceived by a mind that had ascended on the mystic
ladder of faith to the throbbing heart of the God of love; yet without inspiration even Paul could
not have penned that seraphic description of the virtue which beareth all things, believeth all
things, hopeth all things, endureth all things, which never faileth, but will last for ever the
greatest in the triad of celestial graces: faith, hope, love.
Saul converted became at once Paul the missionary. Being saved himself, he made it his life-
work to save others. "Straight way" he proclaimed Christ in the synagogues, and confounded the
Jews of Damascus, proving that Jesus of Nazareth is the Messiah, the Son of God. [401] But this
was only a preparatory testimony in the fervor of the first love. The appearance of Christ, and the
travails of his soul during the three days and nights of prayer and fasting, when he experienced
nothing less than a spiritual death and a spiritual resurrection, had so shaken his physical and
mental frame that he felt the need of protracted repose away from the noise and turmoil of the
world. Besides there must have been great danger threatening his life as soon as the astounding
news of his conversion became known at Jerusalem. He therefore went to the desert of Arabia
and spent there three years, [402] not in missionary labor (as Chrysostom thought), but chiefly in
prayer, meditation and the study of the Hebrew Scriptures in the light of their fulfilment through
the person and work of Jesus of Nazareth. This retreat took the place of the three years'
preparation of the Twelve in the school of Christ. Possibly he may have gone as far as Mount
Sinai, among the wild children of Hagar and Ishmael. [403] On that pulpit of the great lawgiver of
Israel, and in view of the surrounding panorama of death and desolation which reflects the
terrible majesty of Jehovah, as no other spot on earth, he could listen with Elijah to the thunder
and earthquake, and the still small voice, and could study the contrast between the killing letter
and the life-giving spirit, between the ministration of death and the ministration of righteousness.
[404] The desert, like the ocean, has its grandeur and sublimity, and leaves the meditating mind
alone with God and eternity. "Paul was a unique man for a unique task." [405] His task was
twofold: practical and theoretical. He preached the gospel of free and universal grace from
Damascus to Rome, and secured its triumph in the Roman empire, which means the civilized
world of that age.
At the same time he built up the church from within by the exposition and defence of the
gospel in his Epistles. He descended to the humblest details of ecclesiastical administration and
discipline, and mounted to the sublimest heights of theological speculation. Here we have only to
do with his missionary activity; leaving his theoretical work to be considered in another chapter.
Let us first glance at his missionary spirit and policy.
His inspiring motive was love to Christ and to his fellow-men. "The love of Christ," he says,
"constraineth us; because we thus judge, that one died for all, therefore all died: and He died for
all that they who live should no longer live unto themselves, but unto him who for their sakes
died and rose again." He regarded himself as a bondman and ambassador of Christ, entreating
men to be reconciled to God. Animated by this spirit, he became "as a Jew to the Jews, as a
Gentile to the Gentiles, all things to all men that by all means he might save some."
He made Antioch, the capital of Syria and the mother church of Gentile Christendom, his
point of departure for, and return from, his missionary journeys, and at the same time he kept up
his connection with Jerusalem, the mother church of Jewish Christendom. Although an
35
independent apostle of Christ, he accepted a solemn commission from Antioch for his first great
missionary tour. He followed the current of history, commerce, and civilization, from East to
West, from Asia to Europe, from Syria to Asia Minor, Greece, Italy, and perhaps as far as Spain.
[406] In the larger and more influential cities, Antioch, Ephesus, Corinth, Rome, he resided a
considerable time. From these salient points he sent the gospel by his pupils and fellow-laborers
into the surrounding towns and villages. But he always avoided collision with other apostles, and
sought new fields of labor where Christ was not known before, that he might not build on any
other man's foundation. This is true independence and missionary courtesy, which is so often,
alas! violated by missionary societies inspired by sectarian rather than Christian zeal.
LESSON 8 : PRAYER’S
Objective:
To teach everyone the importance of prayer.
Letting know everyone that prayer is the easy and only way of communicating God.
Introduction:
We all know that only thru prayers that we can communicate God.
Through prayers we received blessings form God, for God answers all our prayers. God
always hids our voices through prayer.
Motivation:
You should start praying for you to consider the prayer as a part of your daily lives. You
should be prayerful and be an agent of intercessors.
PRAYERS IN THE BIBLE
Prayer of Thanksgiving
Not to be confused with the American holiday this way of praying is an attitude of heart. When we
need something, God wants us to come to him instead of worrying or trying to take care of it
ourselves. He wants us to come with a grateful, thankful heart for all he’s done. Philippians 4:6
says:
 Don't worry about anything, but in all your prayers ask God for what you need, always
asking him with a thankful heart (GNT).
 Don’t worry about anything; instead, pray about everything. Tell God what you need, and
thank him for all he has done (NLT).
 Be anxious for nothing, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let
your requests be made known to God (NASV).
Prayer of Worship
This way of praying is similar to that of thanksgiving but focuses even more on who God is. It’s
recognizing his majesty and humbling ourselves in worship, sometimes with fasting. In the book
of Acts, the church was doing this when the Holy Spirit spoke to them.
While they were worshiping the Lord and fasting, the Holy Spirit said, “Set apart for me Barnabas
and Saul for the work to which I have called them.” So after they had fasted and prayed, they
placed their hands on them and sent them off (Acts 13:2-3).
Prayer of Intercession
This type of prayer is the way we pray for others. That is what the word intercede means — on
behalf of others. When we pray for others, we are doing two things. One is that we are walking in
love with who we are praying for. And two, we’re following biblical instruction.
 I urge, then, first of all, that petitions, prayers, intercession and thanksgiving be made for all
people — for kings and all those in authority, that we may live peaceful and quiet lives in all
godliness and holiness (1 Timothy 2:1-2).
 Jesus prayed, or interceded for, his disciples and all those the Father had given him in John
17.
Prayer of Consecration
To consecrate something means to set it apart. This means, when we pray in this manner, we are
setting ourselves under the authority and will of God. This can be done when we don’t know what
God wants, but also when we do, but know it will be hard and need him to empower us. Jesus
prayed this way in the garden of Gethsemane.
…he fell with his face to the ground and prayed, “My Father, if it is possible, may this cup be
taken from me. Yet not as I will, but as you will” (Matthew 26:39).
36
Jesus knew his father’s will because that is what he came to do, but that didn’t make it easy.
Consecrating himself empowered him to follow through.
Prayer of Faith
We pray in faith when we know what God’s will is. For example, we know that God’s will is
forgiveness because that’s what Jesus came to secure. And we know his will is healing because
Jesus “went about healing all” (Acts 10:38). In James 5:15, we find the term prayer of faith when
connected to healing and forgiveness.
Prayer of Agreement
In the Old Testament, it says two are better than one because they’re stronger together. This is
also true in the New Testament. When you have two believers join together in prayer, God
promises to answer.
"Again, truly I tell you that if two of you on earth agree about anything they ask for, it will be
done for them by my Father in heaven (Matthew 18:19).
Prayer of The Holy Spirit
There are times when we just don’t know how to pray. We want to, but either we don’t have the
words or the strength. This is where we can press into the help of our helper, the comforter, the
Holy Spirit.
…the Spirit helps us in our weakness. We do not know what we ought to pray for, but the Spirit
himself intercedes for us through wordless groans. And he who searches our hearts knows the
mind of the Spirit, because the Spirit intercedes for God’s people in accordance with the will of
God. (Romans 8:26-27).
Prayer for All the Time
Praying to God is a joy once we’ve come to know his loving heart for us. In 1 Thessalonians 5:17,
we’re told to “never stop praying.”
REFFERENCES:
Bible
Bible | Description, History, & Facts | Britannica

https://www.britannica.com
Batangan: How the Bible came to the Philippineshttp://www.geocities.
The Books of the Bible - Infopleasehttps://www.infoplease.com
Books of the Bible List Order - Complete New and Old ...https://www.biblestudytools.com
The 66 Books of the Bible - Study Resourceshttps://www.blueletterbible.org
Abraham is father of the faith for Jews, Christ
37

Module C.E. 1 Long

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Module C.E. 1 Long

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY-PHILIPPINES

MARIA AURORA EXTENSION

Lesson 1 : INTRODUCTION TO THE BIBLE

The Bible came to us

 PAPYRUS ( A PLANT BASED PAPER)

How the Bible came to the Philippines

ANOTHER STORY IS THAT PAULINO ZAMORA, NEPHEW OF FATHER JACINTO ZAMORA,

The Books of the Bible

IT CONTAINS THE FOLLOWING.

IT IS ALSO THE LIFE AND MINISTRY OF JESUS,

The Books of the Old Testaments and their Division

The Book of the New Testament and their Division

GOSPEL HISTORY PAUL’S LETTER

GENERAL LETTERS PROPHECY

3. It is a plant based paper.

4. It is a collection of 27 books that refers to the new covenant or promise between

5. It I the first 39 books of the bible.and it includes the creation.

Enumerate the 2 major books of the Bible.

Enumerate the 5 division of the old testaments.

Lesson 2 : OLD TESTAMENT SURVEY

Overview of the Bible

THE OLD TESTAMENT

THE BOOKS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT

FACTS:MOST OF THE FAMOUS BIBLE STORIES YOU'VE HEARD ABOUT ARE

AUTHOR: TRADITIONALLY MOSES.

IMPORTANT CHARACTERS IN EXODUS:

AUTHOR: TRADITIONALLY CREDITED MOSES

IMPORTANT CHARACTER IN THIS BOOK:

AARON- OLDER BROTHER OF MOSES AND HIGH PRIEST OF ISRAEL.

IMPORTANT CHARACTER IN THIS BOOK:

PRIMARILY THE RETELLING OF MOSAIC LAW.

AUTHOR: TRADITIONALLY MOSES.

THE BOOK OF JOSHUA MARKS GOD FULFILLING HIS PROMISED TO ABRAHAM:

THIS BOOK ALSO MARKS THE END OF AN AGE OF ISRAEL.

MAIN CHARCTER OF THE BOOK:

FUN FACT': YOU'VE PROBABLY HEARD OF A FEW FANTASTIC STORIES

SECOND SAMUEL DOCUMENTS THE TRANSITION BACK TO GOD-HONORING LEADERSHIP

THE CHRONICLES WERE WRITTEN SOMETIME AFTER THE HEBREWS RETURNED TO

THE AUTHOR OF THIS BOOK TRADITIONALLY EZRA.

THE BOOK OF NEHEMIAH IS ABOUT RE ESTABLISHING GOD'S PEOPLE BOTH PHYSICALLY

QUEEN ESTHER: THE HEROINE. SHE KEEPS HE JEWISH DECENT A SECRET.

MORDECAI: ESTHER'S COUSIN. SHE IS A DEVOUT JEW CHARACTERIZED BY HAMAN:

KING AHASUER: HE BRINGS ESTHER AS A NEW QUEEN AFTER HE DEPOSES QUEEN

JOB IS THE FORST OLD TESTAMENTBOOK OF POETRY.

JOB IS CONSIDERED WISDOM LITERATURE: THE BOOK HEPS US TO UNDERSTAND GOD,HIS

PSALMS HAS IT ALL HISTORY,POETRY, PRAYER,SONG, CHANT NG PROPHECY.

DAVID (73 PSALMS) ASAPH FAMILY (12 PSALMS)

PSALMS IS THE ONLY BOOK OF THE BIBLE THAT ISN'T

IT IS LONG FORM OF POETIC DISCOURSE: IT POSES ONE MAIN QUESTION AT THE

AUTHOR: TRADITIONALLY SOLOMON

ISAIAH LOOKS INTO THE FUTURE TO SEE JUDAH'S BABYLONIAN CAPTIVITY.

JERIMAIH IS KNOWN AS THE “WEEPING PROPHET”

THE FALL OF JERUSALEM IS A SPIRITUAL EVENT,

LAMENTATIONS SITS IN THE MAJOR PROPHETS SECTION OF OUR ENGLISH BIBLE. IT

AUTHOR: TRADITIONALLY JEREMIAH

DANIEL QUICKLY DISTINGUISHES HIMSELF FROM THE MEN OF BABYLON. HE IS LOYAL TO

●GOD WILL JUDGE ALL THE NATIONS ON JUDAH'S BEHALF.

AMOS IS A SIMPLE SHEPHERD IN SOUTHERN KINGDOM OF JUDAH. HE WASN'T A PHROPHET

AMOS IS THE THIRD MINOR PROPHETS.

THIS BOOK FOCUSES ON GOD'S SOVEREIGN JUSTICE:

THIS BOOK OBADIAH IS A BRIEF PROPHETIC WORDREGARDING THE NEARBY NATION OF

OBADIAH IS THE FOURTH OF THE MINOR PROPHETS. OBADIAH WRITINGS MAINLY

JONAH HAS ONLY FOUR CHAPTERS.