GENERAL PSYCHOMETRICIAN 2 REVIEW

1. Eli Todd is most notable for

A. creating an inkblot personality test that is still used by many

clinical psychologists.

B. advocating for humane treatment of the mentally ill in the

United States.
C. coining the term clinical psychology.
D. creating the first widely used test of intelligence.

2. _____ 's work directly resulted in the establishment of more than

30 state institutions for the mentally ill throughout the United
States.
A. William Tuke
B. Philippe Pinel

C. Eli Todd
D. Dorthea Dix

3. James receives his doctorate in psychology in the late 1800s.

Upon graduation, he is most likely to find employment as
A. a clinician providing psychotherapy.

B. a clinician conducting psychological assessments.

C. a lecturer at a professional school of psychology that trains the
next generation of practitioners.
D. a researcher in an academic setting.

4. The first psychological clinic was founded by

A. Lightner Witmer.

B. Wilhelm Wundt.
C. James McKeen Cattell.
D. William Tuke.

5. At the first psychological clinic, the patients were primarily

A. children with school-related problems.

B. adults with personality disorders.
C. children and adults with depression.
D. couples experiencing relationship problems.
6. The journal founded by Lightner Witmer was titled
A. Treatment of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders.
B. The Psychological Clinic.

C. Behavior Change.
D. Psychology and Cognition.

7. Lightner Witmer originally defined clinical psychology as related

to the disciplines of .
A. philosophy and pathology
B. sociology, physiology, and communication sciences

C. medicine, education, and social work

D. psychiatry and anthropology

8. is credited with the first known publication in which the term

clinical psychology was used.
A. Wilhelm Wundt

B. Lightner Witmer
C. Emil Kraepelin
D. Edward Lee Throndike

9. In 1800s Europe, mental illness was initially placed in one of two

categories: , psychiatric symptoms, or , breaks from reality.
A. neuroses, psychoses

B. psychoses, neuroses
C. exogenous disorders, endogenous disorders
D .endogenous disorders, exogenous disorders

10. Emil Kraepelin's two-category system of mental illness included

, disorders caused by external factors, and disorders caused by
internal factors.
A. neuroses, psychoses

B. psychoses, neuroses
C. exogenous disorders, endogenous disorders
D. endogenous disorders, exogenous disorders

11. a term coined by Emil Kraepelin, described a cluster of

symptoms similar to what is now known as schizophrenia.
A. Dementia praecox
B. Paranoia
C. Depressive psychosis
D. Cyclothymic personality

12. The first edition of the DSM was published in

A. 1896
B. 1926
C. 1952

D. 1980

13. The DSM is published by the

A. American Psychological Association.
B. National Association of Social Workers.

C. American Psychotherapy Association.

D. American Psychiatric Association.

14. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Each edition of the DSM has included fewer pages and diagnoses
than the previous edition.
B. Specific diagnostic criteria have been a characteristic of the DSM
since its first edition.

C. DSM-II introduced a multiaxial diagnostic system.

D. DSM-5, published in May 2013, is the most recent version of the
manual.

15. The current edition of the DSM contains "proposed criteria

sets." These sets are
A. descriptions of proposed disorders that may become official
disorders in a future DSM
B. lists of disorders that will be eliminated in a future version of the
DSM.
C. diagnostic aids to assist clinicians in distinguishing between
disorders with similar presentations.
D. a new classification system for personality disorders.

16. is a proposed criteria set in the current DSM that involves

cutting, burning, or otherwise intentionally hurting one's own body
without the intent to kill oneself.

A. Internet gaming disorder

B. Attenuated psychosis syndrome
C. Persistent complex bereavement
D. Nonsuicidal self-injury

17. June believes there is one general intelligence that overlaps

with many abilities. Which of the following theorists is most likely
to agree with June?
A. Edward Lee Thorndike
B. Charles Spearman
C. Alfred Binet
D. Lewis Terman

18. In the early 1900s, created a test of intelligence to help the

French school system determine if students should qualify for
special services.

A. Lewis Terman
B. David Wechsler
C. Alfred Binet
D. Harland Stanford

19. David Wechsler created

A. an inkblot test of personality.
B. a popular objective questionnaire measuring symptoms of
depression.
C. a test of intelligence.
D. the MMPI

20. The Rorschach Inkblot Method is best identified as

A. a projective intelligence test.
B. an objective intelligence test.
C. a projective personality test.

D. an objective personality test.

21. tests assume that people reveal their personalities by their

responses to ambiguous stimuli, while tests offer straightforward
scoring and interpretation guidelines and are often in multiple-
choice or true-false format.
A. Projective intelligence, objective intelligence
B. Objective intelligence, projective intelligence
C. Projective personality, objective personality
D. objective personality, projective personality

22. The has patients tell stories in response to cards that depict
interpersonal scenes.

A. Rorschach Inkblot Method

B. Thematic Apperception Test
C. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
D. Wechsler Adult Story Scale

23. are the authors of the TAT.

A. Christiana Morgan and Henry Murray
B. Lewis Terman and Alfred Binet
C. Edward Thorndike and Charles Spearman
D. Herman Rorschach and James Cattell

24. The MMPI

A. is an objective test of personality.
B. was created prior to the Rorschach Inkblot test.
C. is a projective test of personality.

D. is modeled after the Thematic Apperception Test.

25. Psychotherapy began to play a significant role in the history of

clinical psychology around
A. 1900-1910
B. 1940-1950

C. 1970-1980
D. 1990-2000

26. Which approach to psychotherapy that arose in the 20th

century emphasized empirical methodology and the study and
treatment of measurable, observable symptoms?
A. Psychodynamic
B. Behavioral
C. Humanistic

D. Cognitive
27. Currently, the most popular singular psychotherapy orientation
among clinical psychologists is the orientation.
A. behavioral
B. cognitive
C. psychodynamic

D. humanistic

28. Clinical psychology's major contribution to World War I was

A. the creation of tests to measure the intelligence of recruits
B. treatment for returning veterans with "shell shock."

C. development of effective interrogation techniques.

D. coaching of newly trained fighter pilots.

29. The historic Boulder conference took place in

A. 1896

B. 1921
C. 1949
D. 1969

30. Which of the following assessment methods was created most

recently?

A. MMPI
B. Thematic Apperception Test
C. NEO-PI-R
D. Rorschach Inkblot Method

31. At the 1896 convention of the American Psychological

Association, when Lightner Witmer encouraged his colleagues to
"throw light upon the problems that confront humanity," he meant
that they should
A. develop a diagnostic manual.

B. open psychological clinics.

C. convince local politicians to improve the conditions of inpatient
facilities for the seriously mentally ill.
D. organize and lobby for the right to prescribe medication.

32. more than any other activity, characterized clinical psychology

during the earliest years of the profession.
A. Cognitive psychotherapy
B. Behavioral psychotherapy
C. Motivational interviewing
D. Assessment of intelligence

33. From roughly 1900 to 1950, the treatment of mental illness

A. did not exist.
B. was conducted primarily by clinical psychologists.
C. was conducted primarily by physicians.

D. was conducted primarily by counseling psychologists.

34. The result of the Boulder conference was an agreement among

clinical psychology training directors that
A. PhD clinical psychology training should focus on clinical practice.
B. research was the most essential facet of PhD clinical psychology
training.
C. both practice and research were important parts of PhD clinical
psychology training.
D. PhD clinical psychology training standards should be revised at
least every 10 years.

35. The standardized set of procedures or tasks for obtaining

sample of behavior is
a. Psychological test
b. Test score
c. Interview
d. Observation

36. the most commonly used test for measuring adult intelligence
is
a. WISC
b. WAIS
c. HRSD
d. BPRS

37. The sub-test that consist of a list of words to define that are
presented orally to the individual is
A. Nonverbal
B. Numerical
C. Verbal
D. Performance

38. Tests are unstructured in that they rely on various ambiguous

stimuli, such as inkblots or picture. a. Intelligence
b. Personality

c. Performance
d. Projective

39. TAT was introduced by

a. Morgan and Murray

b. Rorschach and Morgan

c. Rorschach and Murray
d. Wechsler and Morgan

40. is one of the major structured inventory for personality

assessment.

a. WAIS
b. Bhatia's Battery
c. MMPI
d. WISC

41. The scale that is not included in MMPI is

a. Hysteria
b. Depression
c. Paranoia
d. Extraversion

42. The type of schizophrenia marked by increased suspicious and

difficulties in interpersonal relations is
a. Simple
b. Undifferentiated
c. Paranoid
d. Disorganized

43. The tendency to remain motionless for hours or even days in a

single position is known as
a. Waxi-flexibility
b. Catatonic stupor
c. Echopraxia
d. Echolalia

44. The condition in which patient may invent new words is

a. Neologism
b. Echopraxia
c. Echolalia
d. Catatonic stupor

45. Schizophrenia like psychosis of less than 6 months duration is

a. Schizophreniform disorder
b. Schizoaffective disorder
c. Seasonal affective disorder

d. Delusional disorder

46. The hypotheses that schizophrenia is the product of an excess

of dopamine activity
a. Serotonin hypotheses
b. Norepinephrine hypotheses
c. Dopamine hypotheses

d. Synaptic hypothesis

47. Low frontal lob activation is called

a. Hyper frontality
b. Hypo frontality

c. Hyper thyroidism
d. Hypo thyroidism

48. Parents were routinely assumed to have caused their children's

disorder through hostility, deliberate rejection etc. are known as
a. Destructive parental interaction

b. Schezophrenogenic parents
c. Faulty communication
d. Schizophrenic offspring

49. The chief distinguishing feature of psychotic disorders is

a. confusion of fantasy and reality.

b. antisocial conduct.
c. overwhelming anxiety.
d. obsessive behavior.

50. A change in behavior or belief as a result of real or imagined

group pressure is
A. compliance
B. conformity
C. acceptance
D. reactance

51. Conformity that involves publicly acting in accord with social

pressure while privately disagreeing is
A. compliance
B. acceptance
C. obedience

D. reactance

52. Conformity that involves both acting and believing in accord

with social pressure is
A. compliance
B. cohesiveness
C. obedience

D. acceptance

53. Sherif's study using autokinetic phenomenon suggest

A. compliance
B. acceptance

C. obedience
D. reactance

54. An accomplice of the experimenter is

A. confederate

B. partner
C. colleague
D. associate
55. In Asch's study of conformity involving the length of lines, naïve
participants conformed of the time A. 20 percent
B. 47 percent
C. 37 percent

D. 61 percent

56. According to the text, the most famous and controversial

experiments of social psychology are A. Asch's conformity
experiments.
B. Milgram's obedience experiments.
C. Smith and Dunn's reactance experiments.
D. Berg's compliance experiments.

57. When Milgram moved his experiment from Yale to Bridgeport,

the number of people who complied A. decreased from 63 percent
to 25 percent.
B. decreased from 63 percent to 13 percent.
C. decreased from 63 percent to 48 percent.
D. remained about the same.

58. The training of tortures by the military junta in Greece

illustrates

A. the compliance effect.

B. cohesiveness effect.
C. the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
D. reactance phenomenon.

59. In a study at Penn State, what percentage of students said they

would ignore sexist statements?

A. 5 percent
B. 12 percent
C. 32 percent
D. 51 percent

60. According to the text, people will nearly always voice their
convictions if
A. if two other people have done so.
B. if one other person has done so.
C. if more than two people have done so.
D. none of the above.

61. The extent to which members of a group are bound together is

A. unity.
B. harmony.
C. cohesiveness.
D. agreement.

62. Conformity based on a person's desire to fulfill others'

expectations is
A. nominal influence.
B. informational influence.
C. normative influence.
D. indirect influence.

63. Conformity that results from accepting evidence about reality

provided by others is
A. informational influence.
B. nominal influence.
C. direct influence.

D. normative influence.

64. A motive to protect or restore one's sense of freedom is

A. dissonance.
B. pride.

C. self-worth.
D. reactance.

65. Social psychology is

A. the scientific study of how people think about, influence, and
relate to one another.
B. the scientific study of how people act.

C. the scientific study of how people love and hate.

D. the scientific study of how people understand and conflict with
one another.

66. Social psychology than personality psychology.

A. has more famous theorists
B. focuses on the differences between individuals more
C. has a shorter history

D. focuses on the private internal functioning between individuals

more

67. An experimenter manipulates what variable?

A. control
B. independent
C. dependent

D. experimental

68. The three dimensions of attitude are

A. aptitudes, behavior, and cognition.
B. affect, behavior, and cognition.

C. attraction, behavior, and compliance.

D. aptitudes, behavior, and cognition.

69. The procedure that fools people into disclosing their attitudes
is
A. bogus pipeline.

B. denial paradox.
C. low-ball technique.
D. foot-in-the-door phenomenon.

70. In response to external circumstances people adjust their

behavior.
A. intelligent

B. depressed
C. self-conscious
D. unintelligent

71. You can measure attitudes by which of the following

techniques? A. bogus pipeline
B. over justification pipeline

C. self-monitoring pipeline
D. low-ball technique
72. The text asserts that the tendency for oppressors to disparage
their victims is an example of
A. how attitudes shape behavior.
B. how behavior shapes attitudes.
C. bogus pipeline.

D. how role playing comes to shape one's self-identity.

73. The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small
request to comply later with a larger request is the
A. low-ball phenomenon.
B. role-playing phenomenon.

C. self-presentation phenomenon.
D. foot-in-the-door phenomenon.

74. A variation of the foot-in-the-door phenomenon is the

A. bogus technique.

B. low-ball technique.
C. self-monitoring technique.
D. justification technique.

75. Salespeople try to prevent customers from canceling their

purchases by
A. calling everyday until the agreement is final.

B. having the customer fill out the sales agreement.

C. enlisting them as satisfied customers.
D. giving them names and numbers of other satisfied customers.

76. The text asserts that changing behavior can alter attitudes.
Which of the following is an example?
A. civil rights legislation

B. capital punishment
C. traffic laws
D. prohibition

77. The theory that states for strategic reasons we express

attitudes that make us appear consistent is

A. cognitive theory.
B. consistency theory.
C. self-presentation theory.
D. self-perception theory.

78. The reduction of dissonance by internally justifying one's

behavior when external rewards are lacking is A. cognitive
dissonance effect.

B. insufficient justification effect.

C. psychological reactance effect.
D. self-monitoring effect.

79. Cognitive dissonance theory was authored by

A. Festinger.
B. Ellis.
C. Carlsmith.
D. James.

80. Physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt someone is

A. aggression.
B. instrumental aggression.
C. violence.
D. hostility.

81. Killings done by armies is an example of

A. emotional aggression.
B. instinctive aggression.
C. instrumental aggression.

D. calculated aggression.

82. Aggression driven by anger and performed as an end in itself is

A. instrumental aggression.
B. hostile aggression.

C. emotional aggression.
D. belligerent aggression.

83. Which of the following is an innate behavior?

A. reading a book

B. watching a movie
C. playing in the band
D. fleeing danger

84. The blocking of goal-directed behavior is

A. frustration.
B. displacement.
C. disarticulation.
D. aggravation.

85. The redirection of aggression to a target other than the source

of the frustration is
A. disarticulation.
B. the redirection effect.
C. displacement.
D. the frustration-aggression effect.

86. The perception that one is less well off than others to whom
one compares oneself is
A. the social comparison effect.
B. relative deprivation.
C. the adaptation-level effect.

D. relative displacement.

87. The theory that we learn social behavior by observing and

imitating is the
A. social learning theory.
B. instrumental learning theory.
C. behavioral learning theory.

D. group learning theory.

88. Which of the following is not conductive to aggression?

A. pain
B. heat

C. cool temperatures
D. crowding

89. The real danger of "groupthink" is that it

A. is contagious.
B. occurs in cohesive groups.
C. disrupts coordinated efforts at group problem solving.

D. leads to a suspension of critical thinking.

90. Which of the following is true of findings on the catharsis

hypothesis? A. Catharsis always occurs.
B. The calming effect of retaliation seems to occur only in very
specific circumstances.
C. The catharsis hypothesis has been well-support

91. A motive to increase another's welfare without conscious

regard for one's self-interests is

A. empathy.
B. reciprocity.
C. altruism.
D. a personality trait.

92. The theory that human interactions are transactions that aim
to maximize one's rewards is

A. social-exchange theory.
B. social-interaction theory.
C. reciprocity theory.
D. social norms theory.

93. A motive to increase one's own welfare is

A. the illusion of control effect.
B. achievement motivation.
C. self-efficacy.
D. egoism.

94. According to research by Daniel Batson, altruism may have its

basis in feelings of
A. guilt.
B. empathy.
C. sadness.

D. happiness.
95. An expectation that people will . help those who have helped
them is A. social norm.
B. social-responsibility norm.
C. reciprocity norm.
D. restitution norm.

96. An expectation that people will help those dependent upon

them is A. social-responsibility norm.
B. reciprocity norm.
C. dependent norm.
D. social norm.

97. The idea that evolution has selected altruism toward one's
close relatives to enhance the
A. evolutionary altruism.
B. kin selection.
C. the close relatives effect.
D. the mutually shared genes effect.

98. The finding that a person is less likely to help when there are
other people around is
A. the bystander effect.
B. The situational influence effect.
C. the negative empathy effect.

99. The organization of roles, patterns of communication, and

power in a group defines the group's A. status.
B. structure.
C. cohesiveness.
D. norms.

100. The process of changing your behavior to match that of others

in a group is

A. norming.
B. forming a social contract.
C. conformity.
D. standardization.
ANSWER KEY

1. B 45. A 89. A
2. D 46. C 90. B
3. D 47. B 91. C
4. A 48. B 92. A
5. A 49. A 93. D
6. B 50. B 94. B
7. C 51. A 95. C
8. B 52. D 96. A
9. A 53. B 97. B
10. C 54. A 98. A
11. A 55. C 99. B
12. C 56. B 100. C
13. D 57. C
14. D 58. C
15. A 59. A
16. D 60. B
17. B 61. C
18. C 62. C
19. C 63. A
20. C 64. D
21. C 65. A
22. B 66. C
23. A 67. B
24. A 68. B
25. B 69. A
26. B 70. C
27. B 71. A
28. A 72. D
29. C 73. D
30. C 74. B
31. B 75. B
32. D 76. A
33. C 77. C
34. C 78. B
35. A 79. A
36. B 80. A
37. C 81. C
38. D 82. B
39. A 83. D
40. C 84. A
41. D 85. C
42. C 86. B
43. B 87. A
44. A 88. C