CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction
We have taken by the spread of the Coronavirus Disease year 2019 (Covid19). This caused a
global pandemic and changed the flow of movement of people, including the lifestyle, business, and
everyday routine, etc. Also the institutions were affected by the global issue, the hospitals, churches,
social organization, and the educational institutions.

Schools and Universities were temporarily shut down and closed, affecting the daily routine of
people, especially the students and teachers. Covid19 pandemic really caused a massive impact in higher
educational institutions, the country immediately opted for online learning, which is not easy to cope
with, especially to the students that aren't knowledgeable on it. One of the examples is Top Achievers
Private School Inc. Main Campus with the use of a learning management system.

There is evidence that using social media might be harmful for users' mental health, especially the
younger generation (Glazzard & Stones, 2016). According to other researchers, young adults who use
social media excessively are more likely to have mental health problems including sadness, anxiety,
stress, and low self-esteem (Seabrook et al., 2016). One of the most popular activities among its users is
social media, which is described as "websites that allow profile construction and display of relationships
between users" (Boyd & Ellison, 2008; as cited in Sims et al., 2017).

Currently, almost half of the world's population (49 percent; 3.80 billion people) regularly utilizes
social media, with that number steadily rising (Kemp, 2020). We use social media for a variety of
functions, such as relationship maintenance, information access, and entertainment (Boyd & Ellison,
2007; Lin & Lu, 2011), making it an indispensable component of many people's daily life. Although
social media offers a variety of advantages and possibilities, concerns have been raised about its
excessive use worldwide (Baccarella et al., 2018).

Social media is rapidly being used for communication, learning, and collaboration, and it has
become a potentially harmful, obsessive, and/or addictive habit for a tiny percentage (Kuss & Griffiths,
2017). One type of Internet addiction is social media addiction, which manifests as a need to use social
media excessively (Starcevic, 2013). People who are addicted to social media sometimes have excessive
concerns about it and an uncontrolled want to access and utilize social media (Andreassen & Pallesen,
2014). We utilize technology to study since face-to-face classes have migrated to online classes. The issue
of online learning's efficacy has come up. Since using technology to communicate has become more
common among students, there are more distractions everywhere, and excessive use of social media is
having a negative impact on their mental health.

Numerous research on the relationship between social media use and mental health have revealed
that Facebook use is adversely connected with long-term wellbeing and favorably associated with mental
health issues including stress, anxiety, and depression (Baturay, 2016). Students today are exposed to
technological developments, particularly devices. We often utilize social media using those devices.

The popularity of social media platforms and the ease of access to the Internet create the
possibility for social media addiction, which is the unreasonable and excessive use of social media to the
extent that it conflicts with other parts of everyday life (Griffiths, 2012). It has been shown that social
media addiction is linked to a wide range of emotional, relationship, health, and performance issues
(Spada, 2018).

Statement of the Problem

As we might have observed during the mid-pandemic, people, especially teenagers, became less
active physically. We were locked up in our homes for months straight without sociality and physical
contacts in real life. Studying the effects of social media on senior high school. Not only does this study
help them balance their time and minimize the use of social media. Though this matter is hardly
recognized, this study will help open minds to our readers.
 2

This study aims to know the effects of social media addiction to the mental health of Senior High
School (SHS) at Top Achievers Private School, Inc. (Alicia Campus) S.Y. 2022 – 2023. Specifically
answering these questions below:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1. Grade
1.2. Strand
1.3. Sex
2. What are the influences on the rise of social media addiction on mental health of the respondents?
3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the rise of social media addiction during pandemic
to the mental health of the respondents?
4. Is there a significant relationship between the rise of social media addiction during pandemic and
poor mental health of the respondents in terms of the respondent’s demographic profile?

Objectives of the Study

The researchers conducted this study with the following objectives in mind:
1. To determine what are the influences that social media addiction affects the mental health of the
respondents. To determine the most popular social media platforms utilized by most SHS
students, to look at how much time, on average, SHS students spend using social media and how
it affects them emotionally and psychologically.
2. To identify what are the disadvantages and advantages of the rise of social media addiction
during the pandemic to people especially to SHS students who are badly addicted in which social
media are used unwisely or correctly. Wherein it immensely affects their way of learning, social
interactions, and sleep duration.
3. To determine the significant relationship between the rise of social media addiction during
pandemic and the mental health of the SHS students. This study will serve as a means of
understanding on how to avoid addiction on social media in an appropriate way where studies
should up to and to imperatively show the essence of taking social media meaningfully.

Significance Of The Study

This study aims to focus on a student. This section will provide a brief description on the various
significance of the study. The results of the study will be a great benefit to the following:

The Students. This study will help them to improve their mental health and lessen or eradicate their
social media addiction. It will serve as a guide for them. To create a management measure to control
social media addiction.

The Parents. This study will serve as a guide and reference for the parents to help or solve the problem
of social media addiction among their children.

The Teachers. This study will aid them in their discussion regarding related lessons. It will be easier for
them to handle this topic. It will serve as a guide for them and a reference for solving this issue.

Further Research. This study will be a useful reference for the researcher who would plan to make any
related study precisely the social media addiction and its effect. This Study may serve as a guide and
reference for the student undertaking similar studies.

Scope and Delimitation

This study permits the cooperation of a total of 120 students composing 60 students from Grade
11 and 60 students from Grade 12 students studying at Top Achievers Private School, Inc. (TAPS Alicia
Campus).

This study considers a number of aspects of students' personal information that influence their
overall behavior and attitude toward, but are not limited to, school. The questionnaire is given to every
student enrolled in TAPS Alicia under the 11th and 12th grade and asks for personal information such as
their age, academic performance prior to the pandemic and compared to now, gender, strand, and a few
other non-intrusive questions. The same questionnaire is given to each respondent.
 3

The study will concentrate on determining the relationship between the rise of social media
addiction during the pandemic and poor mental health of SHS students of TAPS Alicia.

Definition of Terms
For a better understanding of this study, the following terms were defined in the context of this
research.

Academic Performance. The extent to which a Student, Teacher or Institution has attained their short or
long-term educational goals.
Addiction. The fact or condition of being addicted to a particular substance, thing, or activity.
Computer Literacy. It refers to the proficiency in operating and manipulating a computer.
Habitual Behavior. It is behavior that people repeat because this behavior is easy, comfortable, or
rewarding.
Mental Health. It includes emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It also helps determine how
we handle stress, relate to others, and make healthy choices.
Online. This refers to communications via a modern or network to a host system. The availability or
access of data or information located within a database system.
Pandemic. Is an Epidemic of an infectious disease that has spread across a large region.
Social Media. Websites and applications that enable users to create and share content or to participate in
social networking.
 4

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter will review the related literature which will serve as the backbone of the research
and support the details of this comprehensive study. It will also provide a synthesis of the reviewed
related literature and a discussion of the gaps bridges by this study. This chapter also includes the ideas,
finished thesis, generalization or conclusions, and others. Those that were included in this chapter helps in
familiarizing information that are relevant and similar to the present study.

Foreign Literature and Studies

According to the Internet World Stats (2017), the number of internet users worldwide has reached
four billion. According to Zakerberg (2015), social media users have speedily adapted online social
communication as an essential part of their daily life, as evidenced by the increasing figure of daily users.
In fact, Facebook alone is reported to have an estimated value of 1 billion active users on August 27,
2015. It means one out of seven people on earth use Facebook in a single day to stay connected with their
friends and family. Barrense-Dias (2019), stated that the internet is the worst platform for youth because
there have been many cases of youngsters nowadays using it for cyberbullying and trolling, instead of
using it for something productive, which transforms the internet as a risk for young people’s mental
health.

The main argument about how life satisfaction leads to problematic internet or social media use is
that people prefer to spend more time on the internet so as to avoid the feeling of dissatisfaction and to
seek psychological satisfaction (Demir, Peker Özköklü and Aygün Tuğrul, 2015). In a study of
Drahošová and Balco (2017), in which they investigated the advantages and disadvantages of social
media use, 97.7% of participants stated that the advantages of using social media were communication
and the exchange of information, while 72.2% stated that the biggest disadvantage was internet addiction
and the things that comes along with having it.

Some indicate that social media use makes people happy (Eren, Çelik and Aktürk, 2014). Others
usually consider life satisfaction as personal contentment (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin), such as
momentary happiness and a kind of high, which social media can bring. Ellison et al. argue that mostly
individuals with low levels of life satisfaction seek to join social media in order to improve their
psychological well-being. With the recent rise of social media usage, people have found another point of
interaction for elevating their self-esteem. However, as much as it sounds noble, the effect on others is
sometimes the opposite. There have been several instances where individuals find their confidence by
ruining other people's, and such a scene is commonly seen on any kind of social media platform. In this
manner, people with low self-esteem might depend on society more than is necessary (Wallace, 2012).
Social media has become extremely popular, yet it is a double-edged sword that can have unfavorable
outcomes like social media addiction. (Leong et al., 2019).

Even before the government implemented a lockdown to stop the spread of COVID-19, research
has shown that teenagers use social media and the internet often as a sort of escapism to deal with their
poor moods and challenging thoughts (Kirkaburun & Griffiths, 2018). Internet addiction is frequently
associated with anxiety and sadness. For instance, in teenagers, internet addiction was associated with
social anxiety, despair, and self-esteem (Tian, Qin, Cao, & Gao, 2020). Teens' reckless use of the internet
has been linked to an increase in loneliness over time (Yao & Zhong, 2014). Internet addiction, according
to Yao and Zhong (2014), is a technique for reducing social anxiety, loneliness, and depression, with
pathological internet use emerging as a result of depression.

Cheever (2009) lists five indications that one may be addicted to social networking sites. 1.)
When you spend time on social media while you're trying to sleep late at night, 2.) When you spend more
than an hour on social media, 3.) When you put off work, including schoolwork, 4.) and when you're
stressed out when you start your day without even utilizing social media. High internet use was associated
with higher degrees of emotional loneliness but lower levels of social loneliness, according to Hardie, E.
(2007). This means that because social networks serve as such an effective method of establishing
connections between individuals, those who experience emotional suffering frequently get hooked to
them. Some people struggle with social network addiction as a result of their social interaction anxiety.
Social media’s explosive growth can be at least partially explained by the worldwide social distancing
directives and lockdowns. Individuals are compensating for reduced access to their usual support
 5

networks by using a range of electronically mediated communication technologies to connect and engage
with others (Fox, 2020; Harris, 2020). Adopting these technologies was necessary to mitigate the possible
depressive episodes and increasing levels of anxiety resulting from abrupt restrictions in how we interact
with others (Harris, 2020; St. Michel, 2020).

In order to prevent social media addiction, a family should spend more time going out than using
social media, according to Cheever (2007). Finally, Cheever (2007) advises making an effort to stay
offline and being mature about the recovery it takes to successfully battle social network addiction.
Cheever (2007) also suggests using a reward system that works like creating a goal, achieving the
objective, and then rewarding yourself.

Social network addiction is a psychological condition that affects practically everyone who has
access to the internet. It is well-known that social network addiction follows internet addiction. The
symptoms of social network addiction are extremely obvious, but the person who is actually suffering
from it is the one who first recognizes them but doesn't seem to pay much attention since they don't
perceive internet use as a mental illness. The majority of those who suffer from this addiction are socially
insecure, while other people who may mistakenly think of it as a pastime really suffer from a psychiatric
disease. The ability to engage in physical activities, such as going out with friends and family, playing
sports, or simply spending more time with family, is one answer to social networking. One
recommendation is to have self-control, or to train discipline; in the survey that was conducted in
February 2011, many students added that one method to control their addiction to social networking
websites is to manage their time and create a schedule or set a strict time schedule, and really go through
with it.. Social network addictions are on the rise as technology advances.

Internet addiction also contributed to social network addiction, which was initially recognized as
a psychiatric condition worldwide. Young (2009) claims that social networking addiction is comparable
to a drug or alcohol addiction. Because people began using the internet for research purposes and then
began accessing social networking sites, internet addiction became a major factor in the development of
social network addiction. Addiction to social networks may result in a variety of issues, including issues
with friends, family, and the workplace. This is especially so for teenagers and young adults who are
prone to curiosity. Internet and social media addiction is not only one addiction, but usually followed by
multiple of them. Porn and online gaming addiction is only one of the few.

One example of mental health disorder directly related to social media is “Facebook depression.”
The American Academy of Pediatrics describes it as follows: when adolescents and teens who spend
time on social media begin to exhibit classic symptoms of depression as a result of “the intensity of the
online world .” Aspects of social media that contribute to Facebook depression are friend tallies, status
updates and pictures of friends enjoying themselves, all of which can make children with negative self-
images feel worse about themselves (Rettner, 2018). Making a comparison between yourself and the
people that pops up on their social media feed is almost an unconscious action for most people, which
often results in negative thoughts about themselves or others.

Local Literature and Studies

Social networks bring a big benefit about communication because through this we can easily
communicate with our loved ones despite the geographic distance. Social networks may also help
celebrities to be more in contact with their fans because through these sites they can easily post what are
the recent happenings about them. Through social networks, we can be updated on everything that's
happening, not just with celebrities, but also on recent updates inside our country and outside as well.
Social networking sites can be a good way to make connections with people who have similar interests
and goals. Communication is one of the main reasons why social networking has been viral. Social
networking sites are a huge place to gather information on what is trending nowadays. Trending topics
regarding celebrities, politics, sciences, technologies, discoveries and amazing facts. We Are Social
(2018), with 67 million internet users worldwide and an average daily time consumption of nine hours
and twenty-nine minutes across all devices, the Philippines has the highest rate of social media usage in
the world. According to Napoleon Cat’s data (2020), 73,170,000 Filipinos, or 66.4% of the nation's total
population, were Facebook users as of January 2020. Before the pandemic, one of the Filipinos' favorite
pastimes was using Facebook to socialize.
 6

Because the internet has developed into a highly rewarding stimulant, Filipinos may be motivated
to use it frequently. It provides people with rapid access to feeling empowered and satisfied about how
they present themselves, regardless of their physical characteristics (Wong, Yuen, & Li, 2015). In fact,
through engaging in online forums, chat rooms, and social networking sites, 50% of Filipinos between the
ages of 14 and 23 utilize the internet and their mobile devices to expand their social networks (Pertierra,
2006).

The Internet also offers Filipinos the chance to advance personally and more productively
(Hechanova & Ortega-Go, 2014). Filipino internet usage has disadvantages as well, such as social harm.
There has been a significant surge in internet usage in the Philippines. According to her, Filipinos use the
internet for seeking or learning information, for social networking through Facebook and Twitter, for
creativity and production purposes, for commercial activity or online purchasing, and for entertainment
and leisure or online games. Recently, We Are Social (2018) enumerated Filipinos’ weekly online
activities namely: visit a social network, use search engines, play games, watch videos, and look for
product information. Both studies regarded social networking as the most engaged online activity
(Labucay, 2011; We Are Social, 2018). “Social network” and “Social media” are sometimes used
interchangeably in the Philippines in the sense that they both enable individuals to interact with the
website and its visitor.
Filipinos utilize the Internet for a variety of objectives, including information searching or
studying, social networking via Facebook and Twitter, creative and production, economic activity or
online shopping, leisure and amusement, and online gaming. We Are Social (2018) recently listed the
weekly online activities of Filipinos, including their use of social media, search engine usage, game
playing, video watching, and product research. Social networking was deemed to be the most popular
internet activity in both assessments (Labucay, 2011; We Are Social, 2018). In the Philippines, the terms
"social network" and "social media" are occasionally used synonymously because they both allow users
to engage with websites and their visitors.

Eisend (2002), reported that the internet substitutes for written communication media and
complements forms of spoken communication in the field of research. His study also acknowledged that
the use of the internet has become institutionalized in the field of research as a medium of interpersonal
communication. According to Prasad (2012), the use of internet-based social media programs to make
contacts with family, friends, and classmates, became popular in recent years. Social media sites such as
Facebook, Twitter, Blogs, Edmodo, and Google Docs, among others, are online tools that offer
individuals to join free of cost, and allow users to converse and interact with each other.

According to Ta (2014), social media has an impact on socialization, business, and politics and
even in culture. Social media like Facebook gives people an opportunity to make friends with new people
or give a chance to reconnect with their old friends by participating in social media. It is also important to
business and politics. It can serve as an instrument to enhance business strategies for marketing products
and is very helpful on political campaigns. Moon (2011) in his study on the impact of Facebook on
undergraduate academic performance, he stated that social media has a negative impact on students. It
shows in the result that the more students use Facebook, the more it affects their academic performance.
On the contrary, Oye (2012) observed that most of the students do feel that social networking sites have
more positive impact on the students’ academic performance and he notes that most of the younger
students use social networking sites for socializing rather than for academic purposes.

Napoleon (2010) stated that exposure to social media has a negative influence on the academic
performance of students. Students spend more time on social media rather than reading their books and
also they are now relying on social media to do their assignments without consulting other sources. Social
media’s influence on academic performance is negative. Students who spend more time on social media
are likely to perform poorly in their academic activities than those who do not.

In contrast to the Turkish group, which had much higher levels of gaming addiction, young
people from the Philippines used social media significantly more often. These results also demonstrated
that problematic internet use was consistently predicted by psychological discomfort, loneliness, and low
self-esteem. Together, these findings highlight the fact that a number of factors, such as emotional
distress, the need for escapism, loneliness, and social media use, contribute to the rising numbers of
young people who are engaging in problematic internet use. However, more nuanced cultural differences
should also be taken into account moving forward. Compared to youth of other countries, Filipino youth
 7

scored much higher on distraction. Participants from the Philippines scored considerably higher on mental
distress. Compared to other nations, the Philippines has much higher rankings for problematic internet
use, social media use, and general app usage. In addition, we looked at gender differences in general. The
results showed that gender did not differ substantially for distraction and gaming addiction, but it did for
self-esteem, loneliness, psychological distress, compulsive internet usage, and social media use.
(Fernandez et al., 2021).

Conceptual Framework

Figure 1: Operational Model showing the Input – Process – Output (IPO)

The conceptual framework shows the profile of the student based on age and gender. This study
seeks to identify the age and gender of the participant. These following data will be the basis to conduct
the research investigations. The process constituted the survey questionnaire to be administered to the
respondents and to analyze the information that will be gathered from the survey. Grade 12 students'
declining mental health has become one of the world's most prevalent issues, affecting not just the
Philippines but the entire planet. The effect of social media exposure especially on the young generation
is indeed alarming thus we conducted this research. Lastly, the Output will correspond to the result of the
research survey which is the basis finding the relationship between how the Rise of Social Media during
the Pandemic correlates to Poor Mental health of Grade 12 Students.
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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents: research method, research variables, population and sample, techniques for
collecting data, and techniques for analyzing data.

Introduction
Research can be defined as the systematic process of collecting and logically analyzing data for a given
purpose (McMillan & Schumacher, 2010). However, this definition is generalized to some degree, since
many methods are used to investigate a problem or question. Research methods (constituting a research
methodology) are the ways in which one collects and analyses data. These methods have been developed
for acquiring knowledge reliably and validly. A research methodology is systematic and purposeful,
planned to yield data on a particular research problem (McMillan & Schumacher, 2010). This chapter
includes the research design, population, sample, data gathering and data analysis procedure.

Research Type and Design

This study will utilize quantitative non-experimental comparative research design. Boutellier et. al.
(2013) describes quantitative research as “Explaining a phenomenon by collecting quantitative
(numerical) data that are analyzed using mathematically based methods such as statistics.”

The researchers will specifically utilize correlational research design as it will allow the researchers to
correlate the rise of social media addiction during pandemic to poor mental health of the students.
Seeram, E. (2019) Correlational research can uncover variables that are interacting and the type of
interaction and the type of interaction that is occurring, which allows the researchers to make predictions
based on discovered relationships. Furthermore, Gall et al., (2003) explained, Correlational research
refers to discovering relationships between variables and subjecting the variables to correlational and
multiple regression analysis.

The Study Population Sample

According to Pritha Bhandari (2021). A population is the whole group about which you want to draw
conclusions. A research population is not usually related to people. It can refer to any group of stuff that
you want to investigate. We want to study the thoughts, ideas and experiences of SHS students. Our
population in Top Achievers Private School, Inc. Alicia Campus has a total of 482 students.

Since It's not practical to collect data from all of them, we use the Gay’s Formula to get the sample. Gay
(1978) as cited by Sevilla et al (1978) offers some minimum acceptable sizes, 20% for a smaller
population as small as 500 and below, and 10% of the population for a larger population as large as 1 000.
We have generated a sample with a total of 120 students using the Gay's Formula. And then we further
segment it into 20 students from STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math), 20 students from
ABM (Accountancy, Business, and Management), and 20 students from HUMSS (Humanities and Social
Sciences), in both Grade 11 and 12. A sample is the specific group from which you will collect data. The
sample size is always less than the population size as a whole (Pritha Bhandari, 2021). This is the group
who will complete our survey.

1. The sampling criteria

Respondents in the sample were chosen based on a particular criteria. The Grade 12 students have
to meet the following criteria to be included in the sample.
They should be:

● Must be studying at Top Achievers' Private School, Inc. (TAPS Alicia Campus)
● Must be a Grade 11 or Grade 12
● Must be a student enrolled in STEM, ABM, or HUMSS strand
● Must be 16 to 18 years old
● Must be willing to take part or cooperate

Human Participants and Ethics Precautions

In conducting the study, ethical considerations in terms of informing and seeking information from the
respondents who are studying at Top Achievers Private School, Inc. (TAPS Alicia Campus) was
required.
 9

The researchers will prioritize respect for the participants' human dignity as well as the participants'
identification. The researchers will not be demanding, and they will be the ones to accommodate the
participants' available time. By putting away the researchers' information, the replies of the participants
will be translated properly and honestly. They will encourage the goal of expanding knowledge, for
example. The researchers take into account the participants' integrity because they keep promises and
agreements such as their identity and corresponding data and only use it for academic and research
purposes. In terms of references, the researchers respect the intellectual and knowledge of the authors of
the used properties. Finally, the researchers open their minds and ears to the panelists', research teacher's,
and research advisor's recommendations. The researchers will consider research ethics in this section of
the investigation.

Research Instrument
In gathering data, the researchers will utilize closed questionnaires specifically in which the respondents
can select their answers to questions by choosing their answers in the questionnaire made through face to
face surveys made by the researchers.

As Descombe (2007) states the case study approach to research allows for a variety of methods to be used
in data collection. Data collection instruments refer to devices used to collect data such as questionnaires,
tests, structured interview schedules and checklists.

The questionnaire is divided into four sections answering the following: (1) ten yes or no questions, (2)
the hours kids spend on social media before and during the epidemic, (3) comparing students' learning
capacities from past to current, and (4) the effects of social media before and during pandemic. This
allowed the researchers to collect factual information while also providing insight into the respondents'
frame of reference and presumably their reasons for responding.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers will pilot-test the questionnaire they created themselves. If the researchers change any of
the terminology used in the research surveys, changes will be made. The questionnaire will be presented
by the researchers to their research adviser for approval.

The researchers will request permission to conduct the study from the Senior High School Coordinator
and their Practical Research Adviser when the instrument has been validated. The collected data will be
organized, averaged, and statistically analyzed.
 10

CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the results and interpretation of the data gathered. The demographic profile
of the respondents was presented in table 1. Table shows that the respondents are 60 in grade 11 and 60 in
grade 12 with a total of 120 in senior high school students.

There were three strands in senior high school. We have 40 or 33.3 percent from STEM, 40 or
33.3 percent in HUMSS, and 40 or 33.3 percent in ABM respectively.

There are more female respondents with 65 or 54.2 percent than male with only 55 or 45.8.

Table 1. Demographic profile of the respondents

Grade
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
GRADE 11 60 50.0 50.0 50.0
GRADE 12 60 50.0 50.0 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Strand
STEM 40 33.3 33.3 33.3
HUMSS 40 33.3 33.3 66.7
ABM 40 33.3 33.3 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Gender
MALE 55 45.8 45.8 45.8
FEMALE 65 54.2 54.2 100.0
Total 120 100 100

The influence of the rise of social media addiction to mental health of the senior high school
students is presented in table 2. The result revealed that most of the statements or questions the
respondents answered yes. Out of 120 respondents, 118 have wifi in their house and there are only 2 that
don't have wifi. Most of them are using social media more often than books. Regardless if they were
productive before, they have to observe if your productivity has decreased or increased. Most of the
respondents are relying on social media more than books. They also accepted that social media is a
distraction to their academic performance. And it also affected their mood in a negative way.

Table 2. Computed Mean and frequency on the influence on the rise of social media addiction
on mental health of the respondents

Statements Frequency Mean Description

Yes No

1. Do you have wifi in your house?

118 2 1.02 Yes
2. Do you think you have developed an 1.19 Yes
97 23
addiction to social media?
3. Do you feel your changes improved your 1.35 Yes
78 42
mental health?
4. Compared to before, have you started to
worry about things that you used to not care 99 21 1.17 Yes
about?
5. Is social media a distraction to your 1.27 Yes
88 32
academic performance?
6. Does Social Media influence you to study 1.37 Yes
76 44
more/harder?
 11

7. Do you use social media more often than 1.13 Yes

104 16
books to study?
8. Do you rely on social media more than 1.23 Yes
92 28
books?
9. Does social media affect your mood in a 1.32 Yes
81 39
negative way?
10. Regardless if you were productive before,
have you observed if your productivity has 108 12 1.10 Yes
decreased or increased?

The advantages and disadvantages of the rise of social media addiction during pandemic to the
mental health of the respondents were presented in Table 3. The result shows that most of the respondents
are spending their time on social media on a daily basis in 4-6 hours with 45 or 37.5 percent as well as
before the pandemic also spending their time on social media each day at 4-6 hours with 42 or 35 percent
respectively. Comparing their own learning abilities in the past to now most of them perform better with
84 or 70 percent, also in their academic performance they perform better with 80 respondents or 66.7
percent.
The average of the respondents before pandemic school year 2018-2019 shows that there were
more students have obtained a grade of 91-95 with 73 or 60.8 percent, followed by a grade of 86-90 with
28 or 23.3 percent, 11 students have a highest grade of 96 and above, and 6 or 5 percent have a grade of
81-85. And there are only 2 students who have a grade of 80 and below. Almost the same average was
obtained by the respondents during online last year 2021 that most of the respondents have a grade of 91-
95 with 68 or 56.7 percent. Followed by a grade of 86-90 with 28 or 23.3 percent. Next in rank were 12
students who had a grade of 81-85 percent while 11 students had obtained a grade of 96 and above.
Lastly, there are only 2 students who have a grade of 80 and below. The result in their average implies
that there are minimal changes before and during pandemic or online classes in which before pandemic
there were 6 respondents who had an average of 81-85 percent but during online classes in 2021 there are
12 students who have an average of 81-85.
The changes in the respondent’s behavior occur on social media addiction. Most of the
respondents become more bad-tempered 20%, then forgetful 15.8%, impulsive 13.3%, sad 11.7%, happy
10.8%, while studious were only 4.2%.
The top 3 most frequent social media platforms are facebook with 30.8%, followed by Instagram
with 22.5%, and youtube with 8.3%.

Table 3. The advantages and disadvantages of the rise of social media addiction during pandemic to the
mental health of the respondents.

Time spent on social media on a daily basis

Frequency Percentage
1-3 hours 15 12.5
4-6 hours 45 37.5
7-8 hours 34 28.3
9+ hours 26 21.7
Total 120 100.0

Before the pandemic, time spent on social media each day

Frequency Percentage
1-3 hours 23 19.2
4-6 hours 42 35.0
7-8 hours 26 21.7
9+ hours 29 24.2
Total 120 100.0
 12

If you were to compare your own learning abilities in the past to now? Did
you perform better or worse than expected?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Better 84 70.0 70.0 70.0
Worse 36 30.0 30.0 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Academic Performance
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Better 80 66.7 66.7 66.7
Worse 40 33.3 33.3 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

The average before pandemic (s.y. 2018-2019)

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
80 and below 2 1.7 1.7 1.7
81-85 6 5.0 5.0 6.7
86-90 28 23.3 23.3 30.0
91-95 73 60.8 60.8 90.8
96 above 11 9.2 9.2 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

The average before pandemic or during online class (S.Y. 2021)

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
80 and below 1 .8 .8 .8
81-85 12 10.0 10.0 10.8
86-90 28 23.3 23.3 34.2
91-95 68 56.7 56.7 90.8
96 and above 11 9.2 9.2 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

If you noticed any changes occurred with you, check which ones correspond to those
changes? I have become more:
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Impatient 11 9.2 9.2 9.2
Impulsive 16 13.3 13.3 22.5
Bad- Tempered 24 20.0 20.0 42.5
Forgetful 19 15.8 15.8 58.3
Studious 5 4.2 4.2 62.5
Happy 13 10.8 10.8 73.3
Sad 14 11.7 11.7 85.0
Careless 8 6.7 6.7 91.7
Honest 7 5.8 5.8 97.5
Thoughtful 3 2.5 2.5 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0
 13

Top 3 most frequent social media platforms

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Facebook 37 30.8 30.8 30.8
Instagram 27 22.5 22.5 53.3
Youtube 10 8.3 8.3 61.7
Telegram 9 7.5 7.5 69.2
Discord 3 2.5 2.5 71.7
Tiktok 23 19.2 19.2 90.8
Twitter 10 8.3 8.3 99.2
Others 1 .8 .8 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

The result revealed that there is a significant relationship between the rise of social media
addiction during pandemic and poor mental health of the respondents in terms of the respondent’s
demographic profile as shown in the table 4. Where in the statement or the question “Does Social Media
influence you to study more/harder?” to the grade 11 and grade 12 in the Pearson correlation were .311**
significant at 1 percent level. This implies that there is an advantage of social media in their study.

Table 4. The relationship between the rise of social media addiction during pandemic and poor
mental health of the respondents ’demographic profile.

RESPONDENTS GRADE STRAND GENDER

Do you have wifi in your house? Pearson Correlation .130 .080 -.142
Sig. (2-tailed) .156 .387 .123
Do you think you have developed an Pearson Correlation -.106 -.052 -.147
addiction to social media? Sig. (2-tailed) .250 .574 .109
Do you feel your changes improved your Pearson Correlation .105 .128 .009
mental health? Sig. (2-tailed) .255 .162 .924
*
Compared to before, have you started to Pearson Correlation -.066 .215 -.061
worry about things that you used to not care Sig. (2-tailed)
.475 .018 .511
about?
Is social media a distraction to your Pearson Correlation .000 .046 -.202*
academic performance? Sig. (2-tailed) 1.000 .617 .027
**
Does Social Media influence you to study Pearson Correlation .311 .064 -.029
more/harder? Sig. (2-tailed) .001 .491 .754
Do you use social media more often than Pearson Correlation .000 -.090 .016
books to study? Sig. (2-tailed) 1.000 .328 .859
Do you rely on social media more than Pearson Correlation .039 -.024 .033
books? Sig. (2-tailed) .669 .794 .721
*
Does social media affect your mood in a Pearson Correlation .231 .065 -.112
negative way? Sig. (2-tailed) .011 .478 .225
Regardless if you were productive before, Pearson Correlation .111 .102 -.084
have you observed if your productivity has Sig. (2-tailed) .227 .267 .364
decreased or increased?
N 120 120 120
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

However, the disadvantage of social media is a distraction on their academic performance and the
social media affect their mood in a negative way as a result of the 5 percent significant from the Pearson
correlation and even from the result of their behavior changes that occur such as bad tempered, forgetful
and impatient.
14
 15

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter summarizes the study and presents the conclusions drawn, as well as the
recommendations formulated by the researchers.
The study was conducted to know the effects of social media addiction to the mental health of
Senior High School (SHS) at Top Achievers Private School, Inc. (Alicia Campus) S.Y. 2022 – 2023.
Specifically determine the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of: Sex, Grade and Strand. To
identify the influence on the rise of social media addiction on mental health of the respondents, determine
the advantages and disadvantages of the rise of social media addiction during pandemic to the mental
health of the respondents. And to know if there is a significant relationship between the rise of social
media addiction during pandemic and poor mental health of the respondents in terms of the respondent’s
demographic profile.

Summary
Based from the analysis and interpretation of the data the following findings were revealed:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

From the profile of the respondents, there are 60 in grade 11 and 60 in grade 12 with a total of
120 in senior high school students. There are three strands: we have 40 or 33.3 percent from the
STEM, 40 or 33.3 percent in HUMSS, and 40 or 33.3 percent in ABM respectively.

2. What are the influences on the rise of social media addiction on mental health of the
respondents?
The influence of the rise of social media addiction to mental health of the senior high school
students revealed that most of the statements or questions the respondents answered yes. Out of
120 respondents, 118 respondents have wifi in their house and there are only 2 that don't have
wifi. Most of them are using social media more often than books. Regardless if they were
productive before, they have to observe if your productivity has decreased or increased. Most of
the respondents are relying on social media more than books. They also accepted that social
media is a distraction to their academic performance.

3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the rise of social media addiction during
pandemic to the mental health of the respondents?
The data gathered from the questionnaires show that most respondents have similar results, and
there is little difference in the academic performance between before and during the pandemic.
Most respondents spend a lot of time on social media. Results also exhibit improvements in their
grades when compared to pre-pandemic. Respondents who are addicted to social media are more
irritable and forgetful. Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube are the three social media platforms
that are most popular.

4. Is there a significant relationship between the rise of social media addiction during
pandemic and poor mental health of the respondents in terms of the respondent’s
demographic profile?
There is a significant relationship between the rise of social media addiction during pandemic and
poor mental health of the respondents in terms of the respondent’s demographic profile. The
statement or the question “Does Social Media influence you to study more/harder?” to the grade
11 and grade 12 in the Pearson correlation were .311** significant at 1 percent level. This implies
that there is an advantage of social media in their study. However, the disadvantage of social
media is a distraction on their academic performance and the social media affect their mood in a
negative way and even from the result of their behavior changes that occur such as bad tempered,
forgetful and impatient.
 16

Conclusion

Based on the foregoing findings, the researchers arrived at the following conclusions:

1. From the profile of the respondents, there are 60 in grade 11 and 60 in grade 12 with 40 from
STEM, 40 in HUMSS, and 40 in ABM .
2. The influence of the rise of social media addiction to mental health of the senior high school
students revealed that most of the statements or questions the respondents answered yes. Out of
120 respondents, 118 respondents have wifi in their house. Most of them are using social media
more often than books.. Most of the respondents are relying on social media more than books.
They also think that social media is a distraction to their academic performance.
3. The data gathered from the questionnaires show that most respondents have similar results, and
there is little difference in the academic performance between before and during the pandemic.
Most respondents spend a lot of time on social media. Results also exhibit improvements in their
grades when compared to pre-pandemic. Respondents who are addicted to social media are more
irritable and forgetful. Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube are the three social media platforms
that are most popular.
4. Based on the respondent’s demographic profile, there is a significant relationship between the rise
of social media addiction during pandemic and poor mental health of the respondents. The
question "Does Social Media influence you to study more/harder?" to the students of the senior
high school department has estimated to .311** significant at 1 percent level in the Pearson
correlation, which means that it is favorable for them. However, the drawback of social media is
that it detracts their academic achievement and negatively impacts their mood.

Recommendations

Based on the study conducted about the rise of social media addiction during pandemic correlates to poor
mental health of SHS students in TAPS-Alica, the researchers recommend the following:

The Students. We recommend students to spend some quality time alone concentrating on themselves, to
be aware of your passions and to learn more about who you are. Learn to take breaks; because social
media can be so harmful and addictive and have so many negative effects, it is occasionally necessary to
step away from the media.
The Parents. We recommend parents to routinely check on their children. Using a gentle and friendly
tone, and always keeping an eye on your children. As opposed to controlling them, we suggest letting
your child make decisions now that they are grownups while maintaining to provide support and
assistance to them at all times.
The Teachers. As the epidemic spreads, online classes are offered where most students utilize
technology, but most schools today employ face-to-face or blended learning. We recommend teachers to
teach in-person rather than having students do exercises that is why we advise reducing the usage of
online learning even more.
Future Researchers. We recommend researchers to conduct the survey with different grade-levels either
in public or private school. The future researchers were recommended to further study on the effects of
the rising social media addiction of the teenagers and other advantages and disadvantages.
 17

Appendices
GRADE
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid GRADE 11 60 50.0 50.0 50.0
GRADE 12 60 50.0 50.0 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

STRAND
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid STEM 40 33.3 33.3 33.3
HUMSS 40 33.3 33.3 66.7
ABM 40 33.3 33.3 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

GENDER
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid MALE 55 45.8 45.8 45.8
FEMALE 65 54.2 54.2 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Do you have wifi in your house?

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid YES 118 98.3 98.3 98.3
NO 2 1.7 1.7 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Do you think you have developed an addiction to social media?

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid YES 97 80.8 80.8 80.8
NO 23 19.2 19.2 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Do you feel your changes improved your mental health?

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid YES 78 65.0 65.0 65.0
NO 42 35.0 35.0 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0
 18

Compared to before, have you started to worry about things that you used to not
care about?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid yes 99 82.5 82.5 82.5
NO 21 17.5 17.5 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Is social media a distraction to your academic performance?

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid YES 88 73.3 73.3 73.3
NO 32 26.7 26.7 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Does Social Media influence you to study more/harder?

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid YES 76 63.3 63.3 63.3
NO 44 36.7 36.7 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Do you use social media more often than books to study?

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid YES 104 86.7 86.7 86.7
NO 16 13.3 13.3 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Do you rely on social media more than books?

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid YES 92 76.7 76.7 76.7
NO 28 23.3 23.3 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Does social media affect your mood in a negative way?

Cumulative
valid Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
YES 81 67.5 67.5 67.5
NO 39 32.5 32.5 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0
 19

Regardless if you were productive before, have you observed if your productivity
has decreased or increased?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid YES 108 90.0 90.0 90.0
NO 12 10.0 10.0 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

How much time do you spend on social media on a daily basis?

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1-3 HOURS 15 12.5 12.5 12.5
4-6 HOURS 45 37.5 37.5 50.0
7-8 HOURS 34 28.3 28.3 78.3
9+ HOURS 26 21.7 21.7 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Before the pandemic, how much time did you spend on social media each day?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1-3 HOURS 23 19.2 19.2 19.2
4-6 HOURS 42 35.0 35.0 54.2
7-8 HOURS 26 21.7 21.7 75.8
9+ HOURS 29 24.2 24.2 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

If you were to compare your own learning abilities in the past to now? Did you
perform better or worse than expected?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid BETTER 84 70.0 70.0 70.0
WORSE 36 30.0 30.0 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

How about your academic performance?

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid BETTER 80 66.7 66.7 66.7
WORSE 40 33.3 33.3 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0
 20

What was the average before pandemic?(s.y. 2018-2019)

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 80 AND BELOW 2 1.7 1.7 1.7
81-85 6 5.0 5.0 6.7
86-90 28 23.3 23.3 30.0
91-95 73 60.8 60.8 90.8
96 above 11 9.2 9.2 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

What was the average before pandemic or during online class?(S.Y. 2021
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 80 AND BELOW 1 .8 .8 .8
81-85 12 10.0 10.0 10.8
86-90 28 23.3 23.3 34.2
91-95 68 56.7 56.7 90.8
96 AND ABOVE 11 9.2 9.2 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

if you noticed any changes occurred with you, check which ones correspond to those changes? I
have become more:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid IMPATIENT 11 9.2 9.2 9.2
IMPULSIVE 16 13.3 13.3 22.5
BAD- TEMPERED 24 20.0 20.0 42.5
FORGETFUL 19 15.8 15.8 58.3
STUDIOUS 5 4.2 4.2 62.5
HAPPY 13 10.8 10.8 73.3
SAD 14 11.7 11.7 85.0
CARELESS 8 6.7 6.7 91.7
HONEST 7 5.8 5.8 97.5
THOUGHTFUL 3 2.5 2.5 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

What are your Top 3 most frequent social media platforms?

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid FACEBOOK 37 30.8 30.8 30.8
INSTAGRAM 27 22.5 22.5 53.3
YOUTUBE 10 8.3 8.3 61.7
TELEGRAM 9 7.5 7.5 69.2
DISCORD 3 2.5 2.5 71.7
TIKTOK 23 19.2 19.2 90.8
TWITTER 10 8.3 8.3 99.2
OTHERS 1 .8 .8 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0
 21

GRADE STRAND GENDER

GRADE Pearson Correlation 1 .000 -.017
Sig. (2-tailed) 1.000 .856

N 120 120 120

STRAND Pearson Correlation .000 1 .061
Sig. (2-tailed) 1.000 .505

N 120 120 120

GENDER Pearson Correlation -.017 .061 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .856 .505

N 120 120 120

**
How much time do you spend on Pearson Correlation -.286 -.042 -.164
social media on a daily basis? Sig. (2-tailed) .002 .645 .073
N 120 120 120
Before the pandemic, how much Pearson Correlation -.150 -.261** -.096
time did you spend on social media Sig. (2-tailed) .102 .004 .299
each day?
N 120 120 120
How about your academic Pearson Correlation .177 .065 -.095
performance? Sig. (2-tailed) .053 .481 .304
N 120 120 120
*
If you were to compare your own Pearson Correlation .182 .089 .018
learning abilities in the past to now? Sig. (2-tailed) .047 .333 .843
Did you perform better or worse
than expected? N 120 120 120
What was the average before Pearson Correlation .033 -.066 .326**
pandemic?(s.y. 2018-2019) Sig. (2-tailed) .724 .471 .000
N 120 120 120
**
What was the average before Pearson Correlation .286 -.150 .140
pandemic or during online class? Sig. (2-tailed) .002 .102 .127
(S.Y. 2021
N 120 120 120
**
if you noticed any changes occurred Pearson Correlation -.158 -.238 .213*
with you, check which ones Sig. (2-tailed) .086 .009 .020
correspond to those changes? I have
become more: N 120 120 120
What are your Top 3 most frequent Pearson Correlation .023 -.074 .090
social media platforms?
Sig. (2-tailed) .805 .421 .329
N 120 120 120
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

 22

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