Practice Test-02 NEET Ultimate Crash Course 2.

0 (2023) 26/02/2023

ZOOLOGY

1. Serum is 6. Name the parts of nephron which are situated in

(1) Plasma with antibodies cortex completely.
(2) Blood without RBCs A. Malpighian Corpuscle
(3) Plasma without clotting factors B. PCT
(4) Blood without clotting factors C. DCT
D. Loop of Henle
2. Listed below are the four respiratory capacities (i- E. Collecting duct
iv) and four jumbled respiratory volumes of a (1) A, B and C only
normal human adult. (2) B and C only
(3) A, B, C and D only
Respiratory Respiratory (4) D and E only
capacities volumes
7. Match the following and choose the correct
i Residual volume a. 2500 ml option:
Animals Respiratory
ii Vital capacity b. 3500 ml
Organs
A Earthworms i Lungs
iii Inspiratory reserve c. 1200 ml
B Aquatic ii Tracheal
volume
arthropods/Molluscs tubes
iv Inspiratory capacity d. 4500 ml C Insects iii Gills

Which of the following is the correct matching of D Birds/ iv Moist cuticle

two capacities and volumes? Reptiles/Mammals
(1) (ii) 2500 ml (iii) 4500 ml E Fishes
(2) (iii) 1200 ml (iv) 2500 ml (1) A–ii, B C–iii, D–iv, E–i
(3) (iv) 3500 ml (i) 1200 ml (2) A–iv, B E–iii, C–ii, D–i
(4) (i) 4500 ml (ii) 3500 ml (3) A–iv, B D–iii, D–i, E–ii
(4) A–iii, B D–i, C–ii, E–iv
3. Select the correct order of toxicity.
A. Ammonia B. Urea 8. Erythroblastosis foetalis occurs when foetus and
C. Uric acid mother are:
(1) A > B > C (2) B > A > C (1) Foetus Rh-ve, mother Rh+ve
(3) C > A > B (4) C > B > A (2) Foetus Rh-ve, mother Rh – ve
(3) Foetus Rh+ve, mother Rh–ve
4. In which of the following, gaseous exchange (4) Foetus Rh+ve, mother Rh+ve
between O2 and CO2 occurs through the entire
body surface? 9. Which part of the diagram given below is lined
(1) Sponges (2) Flatworms with podocytes?
(3) Coelenterates (4) All of the above

5. Heart rate of an individual can be determined by

correctly counting:
(1) Number of P waves
(2) Number of QRS Complexes
(3) Number of T waves (1) A (2) B
(4) Number of ST segments (3) C (4) D
10. Trachea divides into the right and left primary 17. Which of the following is incorrect about PCT?
bronchi at the level of ___ thoracic vertebra. (1) Lined with simple cuboidal brush bordered
(1) 4th epithelium.
(2) 5th (2) All essential nutrients and 70 to 80 per cent
(3) 6th of the electrolytes and water are reabsorbed
(4) 9th here.
(3) It helps in the pH maintenance of body fluids
11. A symptom of acute chest pain when not enough by the selective secretion of H+ ions and by
oxygen is reaching the heart muscle is called the absorption of HCO3 –.
(1) High blood pressure (4) It does not help in the maintenance of ionic
(2) Heart failure balance of body fluids.
(3) Emphysema
(4) Angina 18. Epiglottis is made up of
(1) Fibrous cartilage
12. The condition of accumulation of urea in the (2) Hyaline cartilage
blood is termed as (3) Elastic cartilage
(1) Renal calculi (4) Calcified cartilage
(2) Glomerulonephritis
(3) Uremia 19. Total time period of cardiac cycle is 0.8 sec,
(4) Ketonuria which is incorrect finding:
(1) Ventricular diastole = 0.4 sec
13. Which of the following has the smallest diameter? (2) Atrial systole = 0.1 sec
(1) Right bronchus (3) Joint diastole = 0.4 sec
(2) Left bronchus (4) Ventricular systole = 0.3 sec
(3) Secondary bronchiole
(4) Respiratory bronchiole 20. Which of the following are functions of
conducting part of the respiratory system?
14. Following are the points of mechanism of JGA. (1) Removal of foreign particles from incoming
Arrange them accordingly. air.
(A) Activation of JG cells (2) Humidifies incoming air
(B) Activated JG cells release renin (3) Bring the temperature of incoming air to
(C) Fall in GFR body temperature.
(D) Increase of glomerular blood flow (4) All of the above
(E) GFR back to normal
(1) E, A, D, C, B 21. If Henle’s loop is absent from mammalian
(2) C, A, B, D, E
nephron, which of the following is to be
(3) A, B, C, D, E
expected?
(4) C, A, D, B, E
(1) The urine will be more diluted.
(2) There will be no urine formation.
15. Deposition of calcium, fat, cholesterol and
(3) The urine will have more concentration.
fibrous tissues in the arteries supplying muscles
(4) There will be hardly any change in the
of heart lead to:
quality and quantity of urine formed.
(1) Indigestion
(2) Coronary artery disease
22. In alveolar air, the partial pressure of CO2 is
(3) Cardiac arrest
(1) 40 mm Hg (2) 44 mm Hg
(4) Emphysema
(3) 46 mm Hg (4) 42 mm Hg

16. Lining of trachea is made of

(1) Simple squamous epithelium
(2) Simple cuboidal epithelium
(3) Pseudostratified ciliated
epithelium.
(4) Stratified cuboidal epithelium
23. Enlarged Q and R wave and elevated ST segment
indicates:
(1) Atrial depolarisation
columnar
(2) Enlargement of atria
(3) Myocardial infarction
 (4) Cardiac arrest (4) D → C → E → F → B → A
24. The total filtrate formed in 24 hours in human 29. Consider the following statements
kidney is I. Fibrinogens are needed for clotting or
(1) 1.8 litre (2) 8.0 litre coagulation of blood
(3) 18 litre (4) 180 litre II. Albumins are involved in defense
mechanisms of the body
A
25. Prothrombin ⎯⎯→ Thrombin (1) Statement I is correct but II is incorrect
B
Fibrinogen ⎯⎯ → Fibrin (2) Statement I is incorrect but II is correct
Identify A and B (3) Both statements I & II are correct
(1) A- Thrombokinase, B- Thrombin (4) Both statements I & II are incorrect
(2) A- Fibrin, B- Thrombokinase
(3) A- Thrombokinase, B- Thrombinase 30. Reduction in pH of blood will:
(4) A- Thrombinase, B- Thrombokinase (1) Reduce the rate of heartbeat
(2) Reduce the blood supply to the brain
26. The figure given below shows a small part of
(3) Decrease the affinity of haemoglobin with
human lung where exchange of gases takes place.
oxygen
In which of the following options given below,
(4) None of these
the one part P, Q, R or S is correctly identified
along with its function.
31.
Name the enzymes A and B in the above equation
(1) A - Carbonic anhydrase; B - Carbonic hydrase
(2) A - Carbonic hydrates; B - Carbonic anhydrase
(3) A- Carbonic anhydrase; B - Carbonic anhydrase
(4) A - Carbonic hydratase; B - Carbonic hydrase

(1) Q: Red blood cell – transport of CO2 mainly 32. Match the excretory functions of column I with
(2) R: Arterial capillary – passes oxygen to the parts of the excretory system in column II.
tissues Choose the correct combinations from among the
(3) P: Alveolar cavity – main site of exchange of answers given.
respiratory gases
Column-I Column-II
(4) S: Capillary wall – exchange of O2 and CO2
(i) Ultrafiltration (a) Henle’s loop
takes place here
(ii) Concentration of (b) Ureter
urine
27. (a) _______ sensitive area is situated adjacent to
(iii) Transport of (c) Urinary bladder
the rhythm centre which is highly sensitive to
urine
_______ (b) _and _ (c)______ ions.
(iv) Storage of urine (d) Malpighian
(1) (a)–thermo, (b)–CO2, (c)–hydroxide
corpuscles
(2) (a)–chemo, (b)–O2, (c)–hydroxide
(e) Proximal
(3) (a)–thigmo, (b)–O2, (c)–hydrogen
convoluted
(4) (a)–chemo, (b)–CO2, (c)–hydrogen
tubules

28. Following are the steps of dialysis: (1) (i)–(d), (ii)–(a), (iii)–(b), (iv)–(c)
A. Blood is passed into a vein. (2) (i)–(d), (ii)–(c), (iii)–(b), (iv)–(a)
B. Blood is mixed with heparin. (3) (i)–(e), (ii)–(d), (iii)–(a), (iv)–(c)
C. Blood is mixed with anti-heparin. (4) (i)–(e), (ii)–(d), (iii)–(a), (iv)–(b)
D. Blood is drained from convenient artery.
E. Blood is passed through a coiled and porous 33. Identify the human blood cell with its characteristics
cellophane tube bathing in dialysis fluid.
F. Removal of nitrogenous wastes from blood.
The correct sequence of steps is
(1) A → B → C → D → E → F
(2) D → B → E → F → C → A
(3) F → C → E → B → A → D
 (1) Basophil: Secretes serotonin, inflammatory 37. Different types of excretory structures and
response animals are given below.
(2) Eosinophil: Resist infections and are also Match them appropriately and mark the correct
associated with immune reactions answer.
(3) Neutrophil: Most abundant blood cells, Excretory
Animals
involved in phagocytic activity structure/organ
(4) Monocyte: Life span of 3 days, produces A Protonephridia (i) Prawn
antibodies B Nephridia (ii) Cockroach
C Malpighian (iii)
Earthworm
34. Arrange the following steps in correct order tubules
(i) Excessive loss of fluid D Green gland or (iv)
Flatworms
(ii) Stimulation of osmoreceptor Antennal gland
(iii) Stimulation of Hypothalamus (1) D – (i), C – (ii), B – (iii) and A – (iv)
(iv) Release of ADH or Vasopressin (2) B – (i), C – (ii), A – (iii) and B – (iv)
(v) ADH facilitate water reabsorption from distal (3) D – (i), C – (ii), A – (iii) and B – (iv)
tubules (4) B – (i), C – (ii), A – (iii) and D – (iv)
(vi) Increase in body fluid switch off
osmoreceptor and suppress the release of 38. In the below diagram, identify the end excretory
ADH. product which remains in body to maintain
(1) i, ii, iii, iv, v, vi concentration of medullary interstitium?
(2) i, iii, ii, iv, v, vi
(3) vi, i, ii, iii, iv, v
(4) ii, iii, iv, i, v, vi

35. Ravi, who lived at sea level, had around 4 million

RBCs per cubic millimeter of his blood. Later
when he lived at an altitude of 18,000 ft, showed
around 8 million RBCs per cubic millimeter of
blood. This is an adaptation because
(1) At high altitude, he ate more nutritive food
(2) He had pollution free air to balance breathe
(3) At high altitude, O2 level is less hence more
RBCs were required to absorb enough (1) D (2) B
oxygen (3) A (4) E
(4) At high altitude, there is more UV radiation
which enhances RBCs production 39. A person breathes in some volume of air by
forced inspiration after having a forced
expiration.
SECTION-B
This quantity of air taken in is
36. Read the assertion and reason carefully to mark
(1) Total lung capacity
the correct option out of the options given below:
(2) Tidal volume
Assertion: Trachea, primary, secondary, tertiary
(3) Vital capacity
bronchi, and terminal bronchioles are non-
(4) Inspiratory capacity
collapsible.
Reason: They all are supported by an incomplete
40. Which of the following correctly explains the
cartilaginous rings
function of a specific part of a human nephron?
(1) Henle’s loop– Most reabsorption of the major
(1) If both the assertion and the reason are true
substances from the glomerular filtrate.
and the reason is a correct explanation of (2) Distal convoluted tubule– Reabsorption of
the assertion. ions into the surrounding blood capillaries.
(2) If both the assertion and reason are true but (3) Afferent arteriole– Carries the blood away
the reason is not a correct explanation of from the glomerulus towards the renal vein.
the assertion. (4) Podocytes– Creates minute space (slit pores)
(3) If the assertion is true but the reason is false. for the filtration of blood into the Bowman’s
(4) If both the assertion and reason are false. capsule.
41. Observe the following figure. 46. Match the columns and choose the correct option:
Column A Column B
i. Asthma A. Inflammation of
bronchi and
bronchioles.
ii. Emphysema B. Chronic disorder in
which alveolar walls
are damaged due to
Identify the structures from A to E: which respiratory
surface is decreased.
iii. Occupational C. Long exposure of
Respiratory chemicals can give
Disorders rise to inflammation
leading to fibrosis
(proliferation of
fibrous tissues).
42. Pick the correct statement:
(1) i-A, ii-B, iii-C (2) i-B, ii-A, iii-C
(1) Contraction of internal intercostal muscles
(3) i-C, ii-A, iii-B (4) i-C, ii-B, iii-A
lifts up the ribs and sternum.
(2) RBCs transport oxygen only.
(3) Thoracic cavity is anatomically an airtight 47. Read the assertion and reason carefully to mark
chamber. the correct option out of the options given below:
(4) Healthy man can inspire approximately 500 Assertion: Urine produced (1 to 1.5 L) per day is
ml of air per minute. far less than the volume of filtrate formed per day
(180L).
43. Which of the following statements with regard to Reason: 99% of filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal
the excretion by the human kidneys is correct? tubules.
(1) Descending limb of loop of Henle is (1) If both the assertion and the reason are true
impermeable to water and the reason is a correct explanation of the
(2) Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of assertion.
reabsorbing HCO3– (2) If both the assertion and reason are true but
(3) Nearly 99 per cent of the glomerular filtrate the reason is not a correct explanation of the
is reabsorbed by the renal tubules assertion.
(4) Ascending limb of loop of Henle is (3) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
impermeable to electrolytes (4) If both the assertion and reason are false.

44. Blood transport of CO2 occurs in three forms. 48. Match the terms given under column I with their
The correct percentages of CO2 in these forms are functions given under column II and select the
As Carbamino- Dissolved answer from the options given below:
As
haemoglobin in form in Column-I Column-II
bicarbonates
RBCs plasma Carries
(1) 20-25 % 70% 7% (a) Lymphatic system (i) oxygenated
(2) 7% 20-25 % 70%
blood
(3) 20-25 % 7% 70%
Immune
(4) 70% 20-25 % 7% (b) Pulmonary vein (ii)
Response
45. The cardiac impulse is initiated and conducted To drain back
further up to ventricles. The correct sequence of the tissue fluid
conduction of impulse is (c) Thrombocytes (iii) to the
(1) SA Node → AV Node → Purkinje fibres → circulatory
AV Bundle system
(2) SA Node → Purkinje fibres → AV Node → Coagulation of
(d) Lymphocytes (iv)
AV Bundle blood
(3) SA Node → AV Node → AV Bundle → (1) (a) – (ii), (b) – (i), (c) – (iii), (d) – (iv)
Purkinje fibres (2) (a) – (iii), (b) – (i), (c) – (iv), (d) – (ii)
(4) SA Node → Purkinje fibres → AV Bundle (3) (a) – (iii), (b) – (i), (c) – (ii), (d) – (iv)
→ AV Node (4) (a) – (iv), (b) – (i), (c) – (iii), (d) – (ii)
49. Select the incorrect statement from the following: 50. Select the incorrect step/s in the role of kidneys in
(1) Pleural fluid reduces friction on the lung enhancing the sodium and water reabsorption.
surface.
(2) The anatomical setup of lungs in thorax is
such that any change in the volume of the
thoracic cavity will be reflected in the lung
(pulmonary) cavity. Such an arrangement is
essential for breathing, as we cannot directly
alter the pulmonary volume.
(3) The tracheae, primary, secondary, and (1) 2, 3
tertiary bronchi, and initial bronchioles are (2) 1, 3
supported by complete cartilaginous rings. (3) 4
(4) During swallowing, the glottis can be (4) 5, 6
covered by a thin elastic cartilaginous flap
called epiglottis to prevent the entry of food
into the larynx.
 ANSWER KEY
1. (3) 26. (3)
2. (3) 27. (4)
3. (1) 28. (2)
4. (4) 29. (1)
5. (2) 30. (3)
6. (1) 31. (3)
7. (2) 32. (1)
8. (3) 33. (1)
9. (2) 34. (1)
10. (2) 35. (3)
11. (4) 36. (1)
12. (3) 37. (1)
38. (3)
13. (4)
39. (3)
14. (2)
40. (4)
15. (2)
41. (2)
16. (3)
42. (3)
17. (4)
18. (3) 43. (3)
19. (1) 44. (1)
20. (4) 45. (3)
21. (1) 46. (1)
22. (1) 47. (1)
23. (3) 48. (2)
24. (4) 49. (3)
25. (1) 50. (3)
 Hints and Solution
1. (3) • In the first pregnancy, the Rh antigen of the
Serum is plasma minus the clotting factors and foetus will not get exposed to the Rh-
blood cells. negative blood of the mother as blood is well
separated by the placenta.
2. (3) • But after the first child, there is a maximum
Residual volume: 1100-1200 ml possibility of exposure of maternal blood to
Inspiratory capacity: 3500ml the small amount of Rh positive blood from
the foetus.
3. (1) • In such cases, antibodies against Rh antigen
• Among these nitrogenous wastes, ammonia is
will be formed in mother’s blood so in
the most toxic form of nitrogenous waste.
subsequent pregnancies the Rh antibodies
• Urea is less toxic than ammonia but is more
from the mother (Rh-ve) can leak into the
toxic than uric acid. Uric acid is the least
blood of the foetus (Rh+ve) and destroy the
toxic.
foetal RBCs.
• This cause severe anaemia and jaundice to
4. (4)
In sponges, flat worms and coelentrates gaseous the baby and also cause serious fatal damage
exchange between O2 and CO2 occurs through the to the foetus. This condition is called
entire body surface. erythroblastosis foetalis.

5. (2) 9. (2)
• Heart rate of an individual can be determined Podocytes are the special type of cells present in
by correctly counting the number of QRS the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule.
complexes These cells have the foot-like processes called
• The P wave in an ECG complex indicates pedicels.
atrial depolarization.
• The QRS is responsible for ventricular 10. (2)
depolarization and the T wave is ventricular Trachea divided into right and left primary
repolarization. bronchi at the level of 5th thoracic vertebra.

6. (1) 11. (4)

The parts of nephrons situated in cortex A symptom of acute chest pain when not enough
completely are - PCT, DCT, malpighian oxygen is reaching the heart muscle is called
corpuscle.
Angina.
Whereas, loop of Henle and collecting duct are
not present in cortex, they are present in medulla.
12. (3)
Uremia -The condition of accumulation of
7. (2)
urea in the blood
Earthworm: Moist cuticle
Renal calculi -Stone or insoluble mass of
Aquatic arthropods/molluscs and fishes: Gills crystallised salts (oxaltes) formed
Insects: Tracheal tubes within the kidney.
Birds/mammals/reptiles: Lungs Glomerul - Inflammation of glomeruli of
onephritis kidney.
8. (3) Ketonuria - High levels of ketone bodies are
• A specific case of Rh incompatibility there in your urine.
between Rh negative blood of a pregnant
mother with Rh positive blood of a foetus is
observed.
13. (4)
Respiratory bronchioles are the final division of
the bronchioles within the lungs.
They are a continuation of the terminal
bronchioles and are approximately 0.5mm in size.
14. (2)
Fall in GFR-Activation of JG cells- activated JG
cells release renin- increase of glomerular blood
flow - GFR back to normal.
15. (2)
Deposition of calcium, fat, cholesterol and fibrous
tissues in the arteries supplying muscles of the
heart lead to coronary artery disease.
16. (3)
The trachea is lined with ciliated pseudostratified
columnar epithelium, a type of epithelium with
goblet cells that produce mucins, the main
component of mucus, to moisten and protect the
airways from foreign particles.
17. (4)
PCT is lined with simple cuboidal brush border
epithelium.
All essential nutrients and 70 to 80 per cent of the
electrolytes and water are reabsorbed here.
It helps in the pH maintenance of body fluids by
the selective secretion of H+ ions and by the
absorption of HCO3–.
It helps in the maintenance of ionic balance of
body fluids.
18. (3)
Epiglottis is a flap like structure which is made of
up elastic cartilage.
19. (1)
• Atrial systole: lasts about 0.1 seconds - both
atria contract and force the blood from the
atria into the ventricles.
• Ventricular systole: lasts about 0.3 seconds -
both ventricles contract, and blood is forced
to the lungs via the pulmonary trunk and the
rest of the body via the aorta.
• Joint diastole lasts for about 0.4 seconds.
• Atrial diastole: lasting about 0.7 seconds-
relaxation of the atria, during which the atria
fill with blood from the large veins (the vena
cavae).
20. (4)
Functions of conducting part of the respiratory
system are-
Removal of foreign particles from incoming air.
It humidifies incoming air
It brings the temperature of incoming air to body
temperature.
21. (1)
The loop of Henle, in association with vasa rectae,
plays an important role in the counter current
mechanism (the process which makes urine
hypertonic, i.e., more concentrated). Therefore, if
Henle's loop is absent from mammalian nephron
the urine will be more diluted.
22. (1)
In alveolar air, the partial pressure of CO2 is
40mm Hg.
23. (3)
P-wave represents Atrial depolarization, Enlarged
Q and R wave and elevated ST segment indicates
Myocardial Infarction.
24. (4)
The total filtrate formed in 24 hours in human
kidney is 180 litres.
25. (1)
• Prothrombin is one of the key proteins in the
blood coagulation system.
• After enzymatic cleavage, prothrombin is
converted to the active form – thrombin,
catalyzing the conversion of fibrinogen to
fibrin, thus ensuring clot formation.
26. (3)
Option (1) is wrong because RBCs are involved in
transport of CO2 and O2 both.
Option (2) is wrong because R is blood capillary.
Option (4) is wrong because S is basement
membrane-substance.
27. (4)
A chemosensitive area is situated adjacent to the
rhythm centre which is highly sensitive to carbon
dioxide and hydrogen ions
28. (2)
Steps of dialysis are:
1. Blood is drained from convenient artery.
2. Blood is mixed with heparin
3. Blood is passed through a coiled and porous
cellophane tube bathing in dialysis fluid.
4. Removal of nitrogenous waste from blood.
5. Blood is mixed with anti-heparin.
6. Blood is passed into a vein.
29. (1) This mechanism enables the body to continue to
• Fibrinogens are needed for clotting or deliver enough oxygen to each cell, despite the
coagulation of blood. lower oxygen levels.
• Albumins help in osmotic balance.
36. (1)
30. (3) Trachea, primary, secondary, tertiary and terminal
The affinity that hemoglobin has on oxygen is bronchioles are non- collapsible as they all are
decreased when the pH of the solution is supported by incomplete cartilaginous rings.
decreased.
When the solution is at a lower pH, hemoglobin
37. (1)
tends to release more oxygen because it doesn't
• Protonephridia: Flatworms.
have as much affinity to keep the oxygen binded
• Nephridia: Earthworm.
to the heme group.
• Malpighian tubules: Cockroach.
• Green gland/ Antennal gland: Prawn.
31. (3)
38. (3)
• RBCs contain a very high concentration of
D: Descending limb of loop of Henle.
the enzyme,carbonic anhydrase and minute
B: Thick segment of ascending limb.
quantities of the same is present in the
A: Urea
plasma too.
E: H2O
• This enzyme facilitates the given reaction in
Some amount of urea is retained in the kidney
both directions.
matrix to maintain the concentration of the
medullary interstitium.
32. (1)
Ultrafiltration: Malpighian corpuscles.
39. (3)
Concentration of urine: Henle's loop.
Total Lung Capacity: Total volume of air
Transport of urine: Ureter.
accommodated in the lungs at the end of a forced
Storage of urine: Urinary bladder.
inspiration. This includes RV, ERV, TV and IRV
or vital capacity + residual volume.
33. (1)
Tidal Volume (TV): Volume of air inspired or
Basophils secrete histamine, serotonin, heparin,
expired during a normal respiration. It is approx.
etc., and are involved in inflammatory response.
500 ml., i.e., a healthy man can inspire or expire
approximately 6000 to 8000 ml of air per minute.
34. (1)
Vital Capacity (VC): The maximum volume of air
(i) Excessive loss of fluid stimulate the
a person can breathe in after a forced
osmoreceptors.
expiration.This includes ERV, TV and IRV or the
(ii) Stimulation of osmoreceptor.
maximum volume of air a person can breathe out
(iii) Stimulation of hypothalamus.
after a forced inspiration.
(iv) Release of ADH/Vasopressin.
Inspiratory Capacity (IC): Total volume of air a
(v) ADH facilitate water reabsorption from distal
person can inspire after a normal expiration. This
tubules.
includes tidal volume and inspiratory reserve
(vi) Increase in body fluid switch off
volume ( TV+IRV).
osmoreceptor and suppress the release of
ADH.
40. (4)
• PCT- Most reabsorption of the major
35. (3)
substance from the glomerular filtrate take
At sea level, our blood is 98% saturated with
place.
oxygen and this decreases to 89% at 3000 metres
• Distal convoluted tubule- Conditional
and reaches as low as 40% on the summit of
reabsorption of sodium ions and water take
Everest.
place
Red blood cell production increases, resulting in
• Afferent arteriole - Carries the blood towards
an increased haemoglobin concentration, which is
the glomerulus.
required to pick up oxygen and transport it around
the body.
 • Podocytes- Creates minute space (slit pores) • From here, the impulse travels to the AV
for the filtration of blood into the Bowman’s bundle and then to the Purkinje fibres.
capsule.
46. (1)
41. (2) Asthma: Inflammation of bronchi and
A- Inferior vena cava bronchioles.
B- Kidney Emphysema: Chronic disorder in which alveolar
C- Medulla walls are damaged due to which respiratory
D- Renal artery surface is decreased.
E- Urinary bladder. Occupational Respiratory Disorders: Long
exposure of chemicals can give rise to
42. (3) inflammation leading to fibrosis.
• Contraction of external intercostal muscles
lifts of the ribs and sternum. 47. (1)
• RBCs transport oxygen along with • About 99% of the glomerular filtrate is
carbondioxide also. reabsorbed by renal tubules.
• The lungs are situated in the thoracic • Out of 180 liters of the filtrate, only 1.5 liters
chamber which is anatomically and air tight is excreted as urine. This reabsorption of
chamber. materials or substances performed by the
• A healthy man can inspire or expire active or passive mechanism.
approximately 6000 to 8000 ml of air per • So, both the assertion and the reason are true
minute. and the reason is a correct explanation of the
assertion.
43. (3)
• Descending limb of loop of Henle is 48. (2)
permeable to water but impermeable to • Lymphatic System: To drain back the tissue
electrolytes. fluid to the circulatory system.
• In DCT, conditional reabsorption of sodium • Pulmonary vein: Carries oxygenated blood.
ions and water take place. • Thrombocytes: Coagulation of blood.
• DCT is also capable of reabsorption of • Lymphocytes: Immune response.
bicarbonate ions and selective secretion of
hydrogen and potassium ions and NH3 to 49. (3)
maintain pH and sodium- potassium balance Trachea, primary, secondary, tertiary and terminal
in blood. bronchioles are non- collapsible as they all are
supported by incomplete cartilaginous rings.
44. (1)
Blood transport of CO2 occurs in three forms. 50. (3)
(1) As carbaminohaemoglobin in RBC's 20-25% The conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
(2) As bicarbonates-70% is catalyzed by an enzyme called angiotensin-
(3) As dissolved form in plasma- 7% converting enzyme (ACE).
ACE is found primarily in the vascular
45. (3) endothelium of the lungs and kidneys and not by
• The nerve impulses produced by the SA node Renin.
travel to the AV node and cause the initiation
of the articular depolarization.

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