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ASurveyon BERTand Its Applications
ASurveyon BERTand Its Applications
Abstract— A recently developed language representation and complex social problems with different parameters
model named Bidirectional Encoder Representation from and tasks such as classification, prediction, etc.[5].
Transformers (BERT) is based on an advanced trained Several classifications of algorithms, such as
deep learning approach that has achieved excellent results Supervised, Unsupervised, Reinforcement, hybrid,
in many complex tasks, the same as classification, Natural Improved, emerging, stochastics and pre-trained
Language Processing (NLP), prediction, etc. This survey learning algorithms, were implemented to categorize
paper mainly adopts the summary of BERT, its multiple machine learning-based techniques[6].
types, and its latest developments and applications in
Among the methods mentioned above,
various computer science and engineering fields.
metaheuristics and ML are more famous. At the same
Furthermore, it puts forward BERT's problems and
time, the advanced version of deep learning has
attractive future research trends in a different area with
increased the motivation of computer science and
multiple datasets. From the findings, overall, the BERT
mathematical researchers. It has increased the
and their recent types have achieved more accurate, fast,
effectiveness of the methods with highly accurate and
and optimal results in solving most complex problems
quick results in various problems domain[7], [8]. In
than typical Machine and Deep Learning methods.
addition, machine learning and deep learning are
approached with a significant history of achievement in
Keywords—BERT, Machine Learning, Natural Language
Processing model, bidirectional encoder. solving problems in nonlinear, complex, difficult
optimization, science, engineering, medicine, social, E-
Systems, entrepreneurship, customer feedback, and
I. INTRODUCTION other fields[2], [6]. The efficiency of these
methodologies has increased, as has the motivation of
The outstanding development of emerging tools and researchers from all backgrounds to the automated,
techniques in science and technology changed the semi-automated, dynamic and parallel human
individual need and various fields of industry, processing methods used in DL.
medicine, science, and technology. The best way to use
automated technologies for many populations and The survey research is structured as follows: The
industrial requirements is to save time and money and BERT model, its kinds, and its history of performance
obtain more accurate results than typical systems[1]. success in many applications are explained in Parts II
These tools have different foundations and and III. The overall analysis of BERT models in the
backgrounds, including computer science and various issue domains is presented in Section IV, along
engineering. Every day, researchers are coming up with with recommendations for further research.
new, improved automated tools to prove the benefits of
these systems for solving real and complex problems. II. BERT MODEL
These tools include pattern, face recognition, and other
emerging areas[2], [3]. Different methods and BERT is a bidirectional DL-based model that
improvements have been used to increase the accuracy analyzes various kinds of text accepting from the left
of these methods in complex situations. From exact and right sides instead of just from a single direction.
methods, various learning algorithms such as heuristic The most recent BERT model adopts the Transformer
and non-heuristic, direct and indirect methods, local structure, which contains multiple encoded layers [9]. It
and global search algorithms based on computational or has demonstrated its benefits on various computational
natural intelligence behaviors, and online automated tasks, including inference and semantic understanding,
methods[4]. The most famous machine learning NLP and text segmentation, classification, etc. Feed-
techniques can easily be simulated, understood, and Forward Neural Network, the encoder's capacity to give
configured to solve real-world science, engineering,