Selected Problems on Synchronous Generators

Q1
What will be the number of poles of a 3-phase, 50 Hz synchronous generator running at a speed of 187.5
rpm. Which type of prime mover would you suggest for this machine?

Q2
The armature coils of a 3-phase, 4-pole, 24-slot alternator are short pitched by one slot. Determine
i. distribution factor and
ii. pitch (chording) factor.
Q3
Determine the distribution and coil span factor of a 4-pole, 3-phase alternator having 36-slots which carries
a short-pitched winding with a span of 8 slots.
Q4
Calculate the no-load terminal voltage of a 3-phase, 8-pole, star connected alternator running at 750 rpm having
following data:
Sinusoidally distributed flux per pole = 55 m Wb Total No. of armature slots = 72 Number of conductors/slot
= 10, Distribution factor = 0·96, Assume full pitch windings.
Q5
Calculate the voltage per phase for a 3-phase 1500 rpm, 4-pole alternator having a double layer winding with
16 turns per coil. The slots per pole per phase are 8 and the coil span is 20 slots. The phase spread is 60° and
the flux per pole is 25·8 × 10–3 weber.

Q6
What will be the rms value of emf induced per phase in 3-phase, 6-pole, star-connected alternator having a
stator with 90 slots and 8 conductors per slot? The flux per pole is 410–2 Wb and it runs at a speed of 1000
rpm. Assume full-pitched coils and sinusoidal flux distribution.
Q7
Determine the useful flux per pole required to develop 6600 V across the terminals of a 3-phase, star connected,
50 Hz, 4-pole alternator having 60 slots with 2 conductors per slot. The coils are short pitched such that if one
coil side lies in slot No.1 and the other lies in slot No.13. Assume a double-layer winding.
Q8
A three-phase, 16 pole, 50 Hz star connected alternator has 144 slots and 10 conductors per slot. The flux per
pole is 2·48 × 10–2 weber sinusoidally distributed. The coil pitch is 2 slots short of full pitch. Find (i) speed (ii)
line emf
Q9
A 10 MVA, 11 kV, 50 Hz, three-phase, star-connected alternator is driven at 300 rev/min. The stator winding
is housed in 360 slots and has 6 conductors per slot. The coils spanning five-sixth of a pole pitch. Calculate:
(i) The sinusoidally distributed flux/pole required to give a line voltage of 11 kV on open circuit; and
(ii) the full load line current.
 Selected Problems on Synchronous Generators
Q10
A 1-phase 60 kVA, 220 V, 50 Hz, alternator has an effective armature leakage reactance of 0·07 ohm and
negligible armature resistance. Calculate the voltage induced in the armature when the alternator is delivering
rated current at a load power factor of 0·7 lagging.
Q11
A single-phase 100 kVA, 600V, 50 Hz alternator has effective armature resistance and leakage reactance of
0·072 and 0·18 ohm respectively. At rated terminal voltage and kVA load, determine internal induced emf at
(i) unit p.f. (ii) 0·75 p.f. lagging; (iii) 0·75 p.f. leading.
Q12
Determine the voltage regulation for each case in Q11

Q13
A single-phase, 500 V, 50 Hz alternator produces a short-circuit current of 170 A and an open circuit emf of 425
V when a field current of 15A passes through its field winding. If its armature has an effective resistance of
0.2 ohm, determine its full-load regulation at unity pf and at 0.8 pf lagging.

Q14
A three-phase star connected 1200 kVA, 3300 V, 50 Hz, alternator has armature resistance of 0·25 ohm per
phase. A field current of 40 A produces a short circuit current of 200 A and an open circuit emf of 1100 V
between lines. Calculate regulation on full load 0·8 power factor lagging.

Q15
A 762 kVA, 2200 V, 50 Hz, three-phase, star connected alternator has an effective resistance of 0.6 ohm per
phase. A field current of 30 A produces a full-load current on short circuit and a line to line emf of 1039 V on
open circuit. Determine the power angle of the alternator when it delivers full load at 0.8 p.f. lagging. Also
determine SCR of the alternator.

Q16
A three-phase star-connected salient pole synchronous generator is driven at a speed slightly less then
synchronous speed with open circuited field winding. Its stator is supplied from a balanced three-phase supply.
Voltmeter connected across the line gave minimum and maximum readings of 2810 and 2830 volt. The line
current varies between 365 and 280 ampere. Find the direct and quadrature axis synchronous reactances per
phase. Neglect armature resistance

Q17
A three-phase, 3300 V, 50 Hz, star-connected alternator has an effective resistance of 0.5 /phase. A field
current of 30 A produces full-load current of 180 A on short-circuit and a line to line emf of 1000 V on open
circuit. Determine
(i) the power angle of the alternator when it delivers full-load at 0.8 pf (lag)
(ii) the SCR of the alternator.
 Selected Problems on Synchronous Generators
Q18
A three-phase alternator has a direct axis synchronous reactance of 1.0 pu and a quadrature axis synchronous
reactance of 0.65 pu per phase. When the machine is operating at full load at a pf of 0.8 lagging. Neglecting
armature resistance, draw the phasor diagram and estimate :
i. the load angle and
ii. per uint no-load emf .
Q19
The direct and quadrature axis synchronous reactances of a three-phase, 6.6 kV, 4 MVA, 32 salient pole
alternator are 9 and 60 ohm respectively. Determine its regulation and excitation emf needed to maintain 6.6
kV at the terminals when supplying a load of 2.5 MVA at 0.8 pf lagging.

Q20
A 3-phase, star connected, 10 kVA, 400 V, salient pole alternator with direct and quadrature axis reactances
of 15 ohm and 8 ohm respectively, delivers full-load current at 0.8 power factor lagging. Calculate the excitation
voltage, neglecting resistance.

Q21
The armature of a three-phase, star-connected, 10 kVA, 400 V, 50 Hz salient pole alternator has a resistance
of 1 ohm per phase. Its direct and quadrature axis reactances are 15 ohm and 9 ohm respectively. The machine
is delivering rated load at rated voltage and pf 0.8 lagging. If the load angle is 17°, find (i) The direct axis and
quadrature axis component of armature current. (ii) excitation voltage of the generator