“SOME TRAITS OF OUR TRIBES”

PROJECT REPORT
IN
ENGLISH
Submitted in partial fulfillment
Of the requirement of class XI (CBSE)
KIRUBA KARAN.M
SRI RAM BRAHAN.K
SURYA RAM PRAKASH.R
SANDHYA DEVI.P.B
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
Mrs.V.Ruthravathy

RAMCO VIDYALAYA SCHOOL (CBSE)

R.R.NAGAR
 AIM /OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT:
This project is based on
tribes .The objective of selecting this topic are:
 Highlighting the tribes in India.
 Describing 2 major tribes briefly
 Relationship between tribes and their culture.
 Do research and analysis of tribal culture
and issues.

ACTION PLAN:
Research regarding the topic was done, A
questionnaire was prepared and responses were
received. All the information were collected either
from internet or from the questionnaire responses
and were compiled and drafted into a successful
project after getting correction from the teacher.
 CERTIFICATE :
This is to certify that this project SOME
TRAITS OF OUR TRIBES has been made by Kiruba
Karan. M, Sri Ram Brahan .K , Surya Ram Prakash .R ,
Sandhya Devi.P.B OF CLASS XI under the guidance of
Ruthravathy .V and have been complete it successfully
during the academic year 2022-23 in partial fulfillment
of English assessment conducted by AISSCE; Delhi.
We certify that this project is upto my
expectation and as per the guidelines issued by CBSE.

PRINCIPAL

Submitted for viva voice conducted on at

RamcoVidyalaya, R.R.Nagar.

TEACHER
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT :
In the accomplishment of this project
successfully, many people have best
owned upon me us their blessings and the
heart pledged support, this time we are
utilizing to thank all the people who have
been concerned with this project.
Primarily, I would like to thank our
principal Mr.SIVANAND.N, and our English
teacher RUTHRAVATHY.V. B.Ed whose
valuable guidance has been the ones that
helped us completes our project with
success as a major contributor.
Then we would like to thank our
parents and friends who have helped us
in various phases of the completion of the
project.
CONTENT
INTODUCTION
MEANING OF TRIBES

2 WORLDS OF TRIBES
HISTORICAL BACHGROUND OF TRIBES

CONTRIBUTION OF TRIBES FOR INDIAN CIVILIZATION

TYPES OF TRIBES

OVERVIEW OF 2 TRIBES
CONCLUSION
•
A tribe is a group of people sharing common
ancestry and culture and prefers to live by
themselves in a closed society. The tribes of
India are the indigenous or native people
who are widespread throughout the country.
CONTRIBUTION OF TRIBES
ON INDIAN CIVILIZATION
We find that tribes are an
integral part of the Indian
civilization. Through their constant
interaction tribal population has
contributed enormously to the
nations prehistoric and historic
development and Indian
civilization has been enriched
with the dynamic participation of
these ancient inhabitants of the
sub-continent.
Mention of Indian tribes in ancient
Indian texts (Panchatantra,
Kathasaritsagara, Vishnupurana, Harsha
charitra) and epics (Ramayana and
Mahabratha)is a testimony of the fact of
their proactive role in gradual evolution
of Indian society and culture.
OVERVIEW OF 2 TRIBES
We have given below an overview of 2
major tribes in India:
BHILS TRIBE
KHASI TRIBE

BHILS TRIBE:
The Bhils are a tribe found mostly in the
mountain ranges of Udaipur and in some districts of
Rajasthan.
The Bhils are the largest tribes in India.
They speak the Bhil language. Their celebrations
are the Ghoomar dance, than Gair-a dance drama and the
Baneshwar fair Baneshwar fair.
KHASI TRIBE:
This tribe is mainly spotted on the
Khasi hills of Meghalaya and in parts of Assam,
Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh and West Bengal.
The tribe plays plenty of music and a
wide range of musical instrument like drums, guitar,
flutes, cymbals etc.
The major festival, the Nongkrem
festivals is five days long when the women wear a
dress called Jainsem and men a Jymphong.
BHILS CULTURE:
Bhils have a rich and unique culture. The
Bhilala sub-division is known for its Pithora
painting Ghoomar is a traditional folk dance of the Bhil
tribe. Ghoomar is the symbol of womanhood. Young girls
take part in this dance and declare that they are stepping
into the shoes of women.
ART:
Bhil painting is characterised by the use of
multi-coloured dots as in-filling. Bhuri Bai was the first
Bhil artist to paint using readymade colours and paper.
Other known Bhil artists include Lado Bai , Sher Singh ,
Ram Singh and Dubu Bariya .
DRESS:
The traditional dresses of men are
the Pagri, Angarkha , Dhoti and Gamchha. Traditionally
women wear Sari and Ghagra Choli. Tattooing is
traditional custom among them. Women folks do
tattooing generally before marriage.
KHASI CULTURE:
The Khasis inhabit the eastern part of Meghalaya, in the
Khasi and Jaintia Hills. Khasis residing in Jaintia hills
are now better known as Jaintias. They are also called
Pnars. The Khasis occupying the northern lowlands and
foothills are generally called Bhois. Those who live in the
southern tracts are termed Wars.

Culture of Khasi :
Khasis follow the unique culture. The property of the
Khasis is passed on from the mother to the youngest
daughter. .

Dress:
The Khasi traditional female dress is rather elaborate
with several pieces of cloth, giving the body a cylindrical
shape. On ceremonial occasions, they wear a crown of
silver or gold on the head. A spike or peak is fixed to the
back of the crown, corresponding to the feathers worn by
the menfolk.
LIFESTYLE OF BHIL TRIBE:
 The Bhil are known to be excellent archers coupled
with deep knowledge about their local geography.
Traditionally, experts in guerrilla warfare, most of
them today are farmers and agricultural labourers.
They are also skilled sculptors. The name is derived
from the word ‘billu’, which means bow.
 They are also found in North Tripura working in
Tea gardens.
 Bhils are Hindus by religion. They appease deities
of forest and evil spirits beside pujas of Lord Shiva
and Durga. Small percentages among them follow
Christianity.
 They cremate their dead following a series of rites
as per their traditional customs and beliefs.
 Bhils are also fond of dance and music with
traditional tunes of Flute and Drum.
 In all family and community ceremonies, they enjoy
the whole night by drinking and dancing. Bhils in
 other parts of the country are well literate and
enjoy the modern weave of life.

LIFESTYLE OF KHASI TRIBE:

Their lifestyle is dependent on farming as most
of the population dwells in rural areas.
 Khasis follow a matrilineal system of
inheritance. In the Khasi society, it is only
the youngest daughter or “Ka Khadduh”
who is eligible to inherit the ancestral
property. If ‘Ka Khadduh’ dies without any
daughter surviving her, her next elder sister
inherits the ancestral property, and after her,
the youngest daughter of that sister. Failing
all daughters and their female issues, the
property goes back to the mother’s sister,
mother’s sister’s daughter and so on.The Ka
Khadduh’s property is actually the ancestral
property and so if she wants to dispose it off,
she must obtain consent and approval of the
uncles and brothers.
BHIL LANGUAGE:
The Bhil languages are a group of Indo-Aryan
languages spoken by around 10.4 million Bhils in
western and central India as of 2011.[1] They constitute
the primary languages of the southern Aravalli
Range in Rajasthan and the western Satpura
Range in Madhya Pradesh, northwestern Maharashtra,
and southern Gujarat. According to the 52nd report of
the commissioner for linguistic minorities in
India, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Bhili is the most
commonly spoken language of the district of Dadra and
Nagar Haveli constituting 40.42% of its total population.
Bhili speakers are also significant in the states
of Gujarat (4.75%), Madhya Pradesh (4.93%)
and Rajasthan (4.60%).
KHASI LANGUAGE:
Khasi (Ka Ktien Khasi) is an Austroasiatic
language spoken primarily in Meghalaya state in India by
the Khasi people. It is also spoken by a sizeable population
in Assam and Bangladesh. Khasi is part of the
Austroasiatic language family, and is related
to Khmer, Palaung, Vietnamese and Mon languages of
Southeast Asia, and the Munda and Nicobarese branches
of that family, which are spoken in east–central India and
in the Nicobar Islands, respectively.Although most of the
1.6 million Khasi speakers are found in Meghalaya, the
language is also spoken by a number of people in the h
ill districts of Assam bordering with Meghalaya and by a
sizeable population of people living in Bangladesh, close
to the Indian border. Khasi has been an associate official
language of some districts within Meghalaya since 2005,
and as of May 2012, was no longer considered endangered
by UNESCO. There are demands to include this language
to the Eighth schedule to the constitution of India.

FESTIVAL OF BHIL:
There are a number of festivals,
viz. Rakhi, Navratri, Dashera, Diwali, Holi which are
celebrated by the Bhils. They also celebrate some
traditional festivals viz. Akhatij, Navmi, Howan Mata ki
Chalavani, Sawan Mata ki jatar, Diwasa, Nawai,
Bhagoria, Gal, Gar, Dhobi, Sanja, Indel, Doha etc. with
ceremonious zeal and enthusiasm.
FESTIVAL OF KHASI:
One of the most important festivals of the Khasis is Ka
Shad Suk Mynsiem or Dance of the joyful heart. It is an
annual thanksgiving dance held in Shillong in April.
Men and women, dressed in traditional fineries dance to
the accompaniment of drums and the flute. The festival
lasts for three days.

CONCLUSION:
Tribes do not see beyond their
present state, the participation of tribal
children in education is also limited.In price
rising world the schemes available to the
tribes are insufficient to provide the
development for tribes. So the government
should plan the policies that help the people
to overcome the present state and should
analyze the result of the policies.