UNIT 3: CITIES OF THE FUTURE

I. Circle the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the rest
1. A. upgraded B. consumption C. urban D. unbelievable
2. A. dweller B. detect C. technology D. eco-friendly
3. A. presentation B. sensor C. infrastructure D. insoluble
4. A. current B. sustainable C. infrastructure D. rubbish
5. A. climate B. livable C. city D. discussion
6. A. solar B. infrastructure C. designer D. focus
II. Choose the word that has different stress position
7. A. pessimistic B. optimistic C. overcrowded D. innovative
8. A. residential B. environment C. insoluble D. enjoyable
9. A. infrastructure B. sustainable C. inhabitant D. renewable
10. A. generate B. understand C. innovate D. maximize
III. Circle A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
11. New York has invested in improving the ___________ of its water ways in recent years.
A. quality B. quantity C. level D. feature
12. Vancouver is often considered to be one of the most ___________ cities in the world.
A. fit B. liveable C. endurable D. suitable
13. Telecommunications and cloud computing will ___________ transportation foe moving ideas and
intellectual property.
A. change B. replace C. remove D. eliminate
14. A cable car system gives poor slum ___________ better access to jobs.
A. citizens B. dwellers C. cavemen D. residences
15. Helsinki is a model for the future of ___________ smart growth.
A. city B. rural C. urban D. town
16. A nation with a strong ___________ would be successful in creating numerous smart cities.
A. transport B. transportation C. service D. infrastructure
17. They must figure out how a city can develop to meet the demands of future residents in a
___________ and cost- effective way.
A. continual B. available C. sustainable D. natural
18. - Kate: “I’d like the blue jacket, please. Can I try it on?
- Cindy: “Yes, ___________”
A. you would B. Here you are, thank you C. Certainly D. you do
19. Tom : What a beautiful day!
Rose : ___________
A. Yes, it is B. It’s very hot C. No, it isn’t D. Yes. It’s sunny, isn’t it?
20. It’s very hot! let’s go swimming, ___________?
A. shall we B. should we C. do we D. don’t we
21. I think you’ve seen this picture before, ___________?
A. don’t you B. do you C. have you D. haven’t you
22. If you freeze water, it ___________ into ice.
A. turns B. is turning C. will turn D. would turn
23. Plants___________ if they ___________ enough water.
A. die/ get will B. die/ don’t get
C. die/ don’t get D. would die/ didn’t get
24. Neither of them will be treated preferentially, ________ ?
A. won’t they B. will they C. won’t them D. will the
25. Sandy ___________ dinner 4 times this week
A. has cooked B. have been cooking
C. has been cooking D. cooked
26. Why are your hands so dirty? – I ___________ my bike. I have yet to finish it.
A. repaired B. have been repaired
C. has been repaired D. have been repairing
IV. Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each space
Silicon Valley is (27)_______ to hundreds of technology companies, so it comes as no surprise that
San Jose has partnered with tech giant Intel to transform itself (28)_______ a smart city. San Jose and
Intel will work (29)_______ to further the city's Green Vision initiative a 15-year plan for economic
growth, environmental sustainability, and improved (30)_______ which it launched in 2007.
Intel expects to help San Jose create 25,000 clean-tech jobs, drive economic growth, and improve
the city's environmental (31)_______. To achieve this (32)_______, Intel will work with the city to track
real-time data on air quality, noise pollution, traffic flow, and other environmental and (33)_______
concerns — which it will then use to encourage(34)_______ to reduce emissions by carpooling or
using public transportation or bicycles to get to work or school.
Smart cities may sound like something of the distant future, (35)_______ many people thought the
same thing about smart phones and smart homes. Jump to 2015 and 64 percent of American adults
and 1.9 billion smart home devices have been installed. If smart cities are (36)_______ like these
other smart innovations, we should see them appear in our communities sooner rather than later.
27. A. home B. house C. shelter D. housing
28. A. from B. to C. into D. toward
29. A. each other B. together C. one another D. themselves
30. A. love life B. a good life C. the life of quality D. quality of life
31. A. sustain B. sustainable C. sustainably D. sustainability
32. A. score B. goal C. point D. target
33. A. town B. rural C. urban D. countryside
34. A. inhabitat B. residents C. cavemen D. officials
35. A. because B. when C. so D. as
36. A. anything B. nothing C. one D. most
V. Write complete sentences, you can add more necessary words.
37. New York/ be/ one/ smartest cities/ North Africa/ many years.
__________________________________________________________________________
38. New York/ have/ significant number/ universities/ and/ university- educated population.
__________________________________________________________________________
39. It/ just/ start/ largest bike- sharing campaign/ world.
_________________________________________________________________________
40. New York/ also gain/ leadership/ offering/ open data/ public/ more than 2400 database.
_________________________________________________________________________
VI. Read the passage and answer the following questions
I find it absolutely fascinating thinking about the future, as technology is rapidly advancing and in
40 years time, who knows what we’ll be able to do with it. Scientists have recently predicted that by
2050 the population of the world will be over ten billion and technology will have advanced so
greatly that we will have far more information about all known diseases (and possibly cures), we
will all be living in eco houses and will no longer face sky high electricity bills and we may even be
able to take a holiday to Mars.
Our daily lives will most definitely be littered with all kinds of new technologies that help us do the
things we hate the most in 2017! House Robo’s will be a likely feature in all homes and will help run
the family home, take out the rubbish, prepare food and hoover the house from top to bottom. Our
kitchen gadgets (such as your fridge, cooker, microwave and dishwasher) will also be ‘robotic’ and
will email or text us, users, when a food item has gone out of date or has been used up. Similarly, the
fridge has a built in camera so that when you are at the supermarket, you can log in to your fridge
and check what you need to stock up on.
It is predicted that by 2050, we will all have ‘weekly digital health checks’ in our homes, which run
sensors over our bodies to check for signs of ill health and any abnormalities. Conditions can
instantly be recognized by the ‘virtual doctor’ inside the health machine and treated immediately,
and if you need a prescription – it will be ordered and sent out automatically. If the digital health
check picks up on a person being overweight, they will send a signal to the domestic house
computer to modify their diet and book in for gym sessions. Because of all this immediate
treatment, people will live far longer and won’t be wiped out by disease or forms of cancer. Medical
conditions that are considered rare today, will be far more known about and will be able to be
cured quickly and efficiently.
41. What will the world’s population be by 2050?
_________________________________________________________________________
42. How will our kitchen gadgets help us?
_________________________________________________________________________
43. What can you do with the fridge with a built-in camera?
__________________________________________________________________________
44. How can our bodies be checked for signs of ill health and any abnormalities?
__________________________________________________________________________
45. What are the benefits of the immediate treatment?
_________________________________________________________________________
VII. Listen to the interview about people’s life expectancy in the future and decide whether

the statements are true (T) or false (F).

46. Nobody can predict how long we will be able to live in the 21 stcentury.
47. People’s general health will improve because they eat a lot of mushrooms.
48. Nowadays, if people look after themselves, they can live to be 90.
49. Within 30 years, 80% of cancers will be curable.
50. Eternal life isn’t impossible.
VIII. Rewrite these sentences, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same.
51. That electric car’s so expensive that I don’t think I can buy it.
 It’s such ________________________________________.
52. I like living in a smart city more than living in the countryside
 I prefer ________________________________________.
53. This is the first time I have seen this kind of intelligent robots
I haven’t ________________________________________.
54. Although the air in the city is polluted, he still wants to become a city dweller
In spite ________________________________________.
55. The police let him leave after they had questioned him.
The police allowed ________________________________________.
56. The room in the skyscraper was so expensive that I didn’t buy it.
 The room in the skyscraper was too ______________________________
57. It took us only ten minutes to finish the homework.
 We spent ________________________________________.
58. He has installed solar panels on the roof for three years.
 He started ________________________________________.
59. It was such a dirty beach that I decided not to stay.
 The beach ________________________________________.
60. He hasn’t played basketball for 6 months.
 The last time ________________________________________.
IX. There is only one correct sentence among four sentences. Choose the correct one
61. A. Thanks to advanced technology, detecting diseases is easier than ever
B. Thanks for advanced technology, detecting diseases is easier than ever
C. Thanks of advanced technology, detecting diseases is easier than ever
D. Thanks about advanced technology, detecting diseases is easier than ever
62. A. This house uses a heat sensor to monitor electric
B. This house uses a heat sensor to monitor electrical
C. This house uses a heat sensor to monitor electricity
D. This house uses a heat sensor to monitor electrician
63. A. The infrastructure in Hanoi is serious degraded
B. The infrastructure in Hanoi is seriously degraded
C. The infrastructure in Hanoi is seriously degrading
D. The infrastructure in Hanoi is serious degrading
64. A. He has become a resident of the United States about five years.
B. He has become a resident of the United States for five years.
C. He has become a resident of the United States during five years.
D. He has become a resident of the United States at five years.
65. A. Drinking a cup of tea in the morning helps him generated new ideas.
B. Drink a cup of tea in the morning helps him generate new ideas.
C. To drink a cup of tea in the morning helps him generate new ideas.
D. Drinks a cup of tea in the morning helps him generate new ideas.
66. A. Household waste is collected, deodorised and then treating.
B. Household waste is collected, deodorised and then treat.
C. Household waste is collected, deodorised and then treats.
D. Household was is collected, deodorised and then treated.
67. A. By 2050, seven out of every 10 people on Earth will be a city dweller
B. By 2050, seven out of every 10 people in Earth will be a city dweller.
C. By 2050. seven out of every 10 people above Earth will be a city dweller.
D. By 2050, seven out of every 10 people for Earth will be a city dweller.
68. A. A trip in the countryside is a nice getaway from the hustle and bustle of urban life.
B. A trip on the countryside is a nice getaway from the hustle and bustle of urban life.
C. A trip to the countryside is a nice getaway from the hustle and bustle of urban life.
D. A trip at the countryside is a nice getaway from the hustle and bustle of urban life
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. If I take the pessimistic viewpoint, Tokyo won't be a safe place to live in.
A. negative B. optimistic C. optical D. neutral
2. To reduce carbon emissions into the atmosphere, ways to limit the use of private cars must be
found.
A. public B. personal C. common D. shared
3. People who live in towns and cities live in an urban environment.
A. remote B. deserted C. suburban D. rural
4. There is pollution not only of the physical environment because the various pressure of urban life
causes cities to breed crime.
A. social B. mental C. moral D. manual
5. Governments have to join hands to solve the environmental problems on a global scale.
A. worldwide B. nationwide C. local D. international
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. Today Islamabad is a thriving city of about 1 million people. It offers a healthy climate, a
pollution-free atmosphere, plenty of water, and many green spaces.
A. healthy B. prosperous C. modern D. green
2. Scientists hope that this new drug will be a major breakthrough in the fight against AIDS.
A. new cure B. important therapy C. sudden remedy D. dramatic
development
3. They design and carry out projects aiming to reduce fossil fuel consumption, find renewable fuels
for public transport, and promote other clean air efforts.
A. inexhaustible B. recyclable C. green D. environmentally-friendly
4. The urban planners are working for Eco Infrastructure Network, whose main function is to deal
with urban environmental problems to make Super Star City greener, cleaner, and more
sustainable.
A. eye-catching B. developed C. long-lasting D. friendly
5. If we have solar panels on our roofs, we'll be able to generate our own electricity.
A. afford B. produce C. manufacture D. light
Ex 1. Circle A. B. C or D to indicate the words/ phrases that need correction
1. The urban lifestyle seems more excitingly to young people.
2. The museum looks beauty from a distance.
3. Widening the road sounds a good solve to traffic problems in the area.
4. We all know that we have to work hardly to support the family.
5. The noise on the roof of the trailer woke Bill and Fred up very quick
6. She finds housework bored and doesn't like to stay at home all day.
7. The accident looked seriously but fortunately nobody was injured
8. He was a bad influence on the child, who was at an impressive age.
9. The number of homeless people have increased dramatically.
10. She's in her third year of studying economy at York University.
11. There's increasing demand for cars that are more economic on fuel.
12. As technology advances, workers are afraid that they will lose his jobs.
13. Sulphur dioxide is one of several pollutions that are released into the atmosphere by coal-
fired power stations.
14. The community centre was demolished to pay room for a new apartment block.
Ex 2. Read the following passage and circle A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
By the end of the third millennium, people will all have access to basic utilities like electricity
and the internet. As a type of civilization, the overall energy consumption of everyone in the 30th
century will be at a level of around 4×10²⁶ watts. In other words, the energy utilization in a world
full of working class consumers will be comparable to the luminosity of our parent star. So, the
people of the future will inevitably need to fully harness the output of the Sun through the use of a
vast array of satellite mega-structures that encircle the celestial body and capture the radiation it
emits.
In requiring everyone to work together, the inclusive attitude of the future will cause everyone
to grow much closer to one another, improving interpersonal relationships in neighborhoods the
world over. By the year 3000, the whole of humanity will become a sort of poly-amorous society of
mono-ethnic global citizens, living in a complex egalitarian intercontinental cooperative. Everyone
will be part of multicultural communities within communities. Companies and credit unions will
even be owned by their employees. People will all be very conscientious. Everyone will support
the global economy, as well as ecology, of the world.
Humans will inhabit artificial urban jungles filled with buildings and sidewalks, while the other
animals will inhabit natural rural jungles filled with wilderness and trails. Friends will walk
through the crowded streets of the mega-cities of the future holding hands with one another. Public
displays of affection will be customary among everyone. Casual bisexual encounters will be the
norm. Everyone will care about everyone else. People will all accept each other, and help each
other out, more and more as time goes on.
 The point is that eventually, everyone will finally get along. Humanity will progress to a point
of collective compatibility as everyone sufficiently integrates and assimilates. From now until the
year 3000, the several thousand languages currently spoken will reduce down to only about a
hundred. More importantly, the nation-state members of the UN will all use the same form of
electronic currency. As the countries of the world unify more and more, the metric system will
become the universal standard of measurement. Things will become increasingly more common
among everyone. This will bring everyone closer and closer together, each step of the way. In the
end, cultural memes will all eventually just blend together in the great melting pot that is the
world.
People will also change physically, along with mentally, too though. For instance, there will be
an increase in both height and longevity, among people in general. In the year 3000 people will be
about six feet tall, and live to be 120 years old, on average. They will experience a slight reduction
in the size of their mouths, too. Improvements in nutritional science will revolutionize the world of
medicine and alter the course of human evolution. Everyone will be genetically screened as an
embryo to weed out defects and correct mistakes in their personal genome. 8th scale transhuman
cyborgs will even go so far as to have 7 th scale robotic integrations, with microscopic machines
making them better. This will be terribly important because there will be very little diversity in the
gene pool of the superhumans of the future, who are all bred to be what is considered ideal.
(Source: https://medium.com/)
1. Which of the following could be the best title of the passage?
A. The energy consumption in the third millennium. B. The life in the year 3000.
C. The changes of humans in the far future. D. The way people live in the 30th century.
2. The word “harness” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.
A. separate B. replace C. exploit D. absorb
3. According to paragraph 2, how can the attitude of the future affect the world?
A. It improves the distance in the relationship of neighborhood.
B. It enhances the diversity of cultures in the society.
C. It brings people closer to others both in nations and in the world.
D. It supports the global economy and ecology of the world.
4. The word “conscientious” in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by _________.
A. careful B. dishonest C. careless D. indolent
5. According to paragraph 3, which of the following is NOT true?
A. People and animals will live in their favourite environment.
B. People will not express their emotion in public.
C. It is not strange for men and women to compete with each other.
D. People are safe to walk through the crowded streets with their friends.
6. The word “that” in paragraph 4 refers to __________.
A. cultural memes B. each step of the way
C. the great melting pot D. the metric system
7. The author described the reduction in number of languages in paragraph 4 as an evidence of
___________.
A. the compatibility of humans in the future B. the standard of measurement
C. the development of electronic currency D. the popularity of things
8. What can be the main idea of the last passage?
A. Robots will be advanced to be superhumans of the future.
B. People’s longevity will be increased in the future.
C. Science is the main factor to the change of humans’ appearance.
D. Humans’ physical and mentality will alter in the future.
ĐÁP ÁN
I. Circle the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the rest
1 - C; 2 - D; 3 - A; 4 - B; 5 - A; 6 - C;
II. Choose the word that has different stress position
7 - D; 8 - A; 9 - A; 10 - B;
III. Circle A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
11 - A; 12 - B; 13 - B; 14 - B; 15 - C;
16 - D; 17 - B; 18 - C; 19 - D; 20 - A;
21 - D; 22 - A; 23 - B; 24 - B; 25 - A; 26 - C;
IV. Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each space
27 - A; 28 - C; 29 - B; 30 - D;
31 - D; 32 - B; 33 - C; 34 - B; 35 - D; 36 - A;
V. Write complete sentences, you can add more necessary words.
37 - New York has been one of the smartest cities in North America for many years.
38 - New York has a significant number of universities and university-educated population.
39 - It has just started the largest bike-sharing campaign in the world.
40 - New York has also gained the leadership in offering open data to the public with more than
2,400 databases.
VI. Read the passage and answer the following questions
41 - It will be over ten billion.
42 - They will help us by emailing or texting us when a food item has gone out of date or has been
used up.
43 - We can log in to our fridge and check what we need to stock up on.
44 - They can be done by sensors over our bodies.
45 - People will live far longer and won’t be wiped out by disease or forms of cancer.
VIII. Rewrite these sentences, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same.
51. I don't buy it because I don't have enough money.
→ If I had enough money, I would buy it.
52. I didn't buy it because I didn't have enough money.
→ I would have bought it if I had had enough money.
53. There was a test yesterday. I didn't know that, so I didn't study for it.
→ If I had known there was a test yesterday, I would have studied for it.
54. I'm busy right now, so I can't help you.
→ I could help you if I weren’t busy right now.
55. He's very thin, that's why he feels so cold.
→ If he weren’t very thin, he wouldn’t feel so cold.
56. I didn't eat breakfast several hours ago, so I am hungry now.
→ If I had eaten breakfast several hours ago, I wouldn’t be hungry now.
57. If John had played for our football team, we would not have lost the game.
→ Unless John had played for our football team, we would have lost the game.
58. If I won a big prize in a lottery, I'd give up my job.
→ Unless I won a big prize in a lottery, I wouldn’t give up my job.
59. If you don't like this one, I'll bring you another.
→ Unless you like this one, I will bring you another.
60. I'll only help you if you promise to try harder.
→ Unless you promise to try harder, I won’t help you.
IX. There is only one correct sentence among four sentences. Choose the correct one
61 - A; 62 - C; 63 - B; 64 - B; 65 - A
66 - D; 67 - A; 68 - C
 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in
each of the following questions.
1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in
each of the following questions.
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B

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