Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Future of Work
Future of Work
of work
Shaping the workforce
of the future with AI
Enter
December 2023
kpmg.com/futureofwork
Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
The power, however, does not lie Our 2023 Future of work research delves
solely in the development of emerging into the minds of employees across the
KPMG International
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
Introduction
AI and other advanced This report aims to do just this. Based
on a survey of 4,197 employees in
technologies are changing the
Australia, Canada, Germany, the UK
way employees work — what and the US, we offer a roadmap for
they do and how they do it. leaders with the four key markers
that can move you forward. For each
marker, we share employees’ views
Meanwhile, as leaders navigate the and outline specific actions to support
future, they are setting new visions your progress.
for their organizations. As they do,
they can adopt new approaches when The Future of work is intended to
embracing technology and shaping complement KPMG thought leadership
their workforce around it. They can in this space, including The Future
also rethink how they build skills and of HR: Flux to Flow and Rise of the
capabilities, while considering a new Humans. In these pages, we show that
way forward for middle managers. leaders should look to embrace the
power of AI, shape their workforce
to use it, and give employees skills-
The journey to the future of work is building opportunities on the job.
uncertain. To get started, business Upskilling middle managers may also
leaders should understand where their be crucial. With AI likely to touch every
role throughout an organization, their
employees are today to clear their
pivotal position may be indispensable
path forward.
as we navigate the changes ahead.
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
01
Embrace the
power of AI
Emerging technologies — in Contributing toward these estimates,
leading organizations are rapidly
particular generative AI (genAI)
trying to identify which AI solutions
— are among the most powerful will help them deliver better service to
change agents currently shaping customers, transform their operations,
the world of work. and support their employees’ needs
and expectations. However, both
the scale of change involved and the
In the UK, genAI is set to boost GDP wealth of tools to choose from can be
by an estimated 1.2 percent over overwhelming to business leaders.
the next decade, injecting GBP 31
billion in a single economy.1 In the US, There is also confusion over genAI’s
genAI together with robotic process long-term impact, leaving organizations
automation (RPA) could overtake wondering how much of their resources
almost 30 percent of hours worked by should be redirected to harnessing its
employees by 2030.2 capabilities. Further, genAI can require
massive upskilling of employees
across the organization, as well as
sourcing of dedicated and experienced
professionals. The companies that
master this the quickest will likely have
a significant competitive advantage.
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
2. Get into the detail of your processes and activities across the business
Take time to understand the day-to-day Explore how genAI can benefit different
workings of your organization. steps of a process.
If you are to understand how to grasp AI and genAI can vastly improve many
the potential of AI, it’s imperative to aspects of your activities — and the
understand the processes running behind speed at which they are completed.
the business.
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
Hire data scientists and domain Build data sources that support the
experts. use of AI.
4
Simply Get Results analyzed hundreds of millions of job posts and talent profiles, using data from Lightcast, to provide the statistics shared in this report.
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
GenAI experimentation
GenAI may usher in a whole new The Center’s remit would be to
approach to change management. KPMG firms, for example, are collaborating with develop new business and service
The conventional approach to Microsoft to drive genAI innovation internally. delivery models — powered by
business transformation is to genAI — and discover which work
define a target end-state, then and which do not. From there, the
design the roadmap to get there. business can select the ones to
With genAI, however, there may adopt.
no longer be a final destination
as AI may be in an ever-evolving
The Center should also be
current state.
responsible for supporting
employees in a fluid environment,
As such, continuous and capture learnings from genAI
experimentation with AI will experimentation to rigorously
be crucial at all levels of the evaluate pilots and projects from a
organization. This experimentation data-centric perspective.
should be unstructured, but
collaborative and supported, so
KPMG firms, for example, are
employees do not feel unsettled by
collaborating with Microsoft to
ongoing uncertainty.
drive genAI innovation internally.
In 2023, firms launched an
To encourage experimentation, a extended genAI collaboration for
Digital Labor Center of Excellence clients, industries and society
can be established. This acts as more broadly. Select groups
your digital nerve center and are piloting tools like Microsoft
core governance body for genAI Cloud, Azure OpenAI Service
experimentation. and 365 Copilot, to enhance their
capabilities, and power their
creativity and analysis with AI.
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
02
Shape the
workforce of
the future
New technology is We know that leaders want people in
the office — 64 percent of CEOs expect
fundamentally — and rapidly —
a full return to the pre-pandemic in-
changing the skills profiles that office working pattern, according to
organizations need for success. The KPMG 2023 CEO Outlook Survey.5
Advances in AI also means that They believe it’s better for innovation,
team effectiveness and overall
the workforce of the future will
productivity. Workers, by contrast,
likely feature AI-augmented want to preserve the flexibility they
humans, carrying out tasks in enjoyed during the pandemic.
new and different ways.
There is a growing lack of confidence
among business leaders that they have
At the same time, leaders should the right capability in house to deliver
address the ongoing tension over on their business strategy. The CEO
working patterns. Outlook revealed that talent is among
the top 10 risks to growth for CEOs over
the next 3 years.
5
KPMG 2023 CEO Outlook
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
What does workforce John Doel, Go-to-market Service Doel points out that these roles A focus on becoming more skills-
shaping mean for Integration and Innovation Leader, are crucial to value creation in led across your people processes,
KPMG in the US says: a whole range of sectors: legal, and building a skills data
organizations?
professional and financial services; infrastructure, can be essential in
Technology, automation and web and product design; coding this regard.
“The assumption is that process-
hybrid working models are forcing and application development;
heavy, commoditized jobs are
us to think differently about advertising; customer service;
most at risk. Approximately 90 This upheaval in workforce
what the workforce needs to do health diagnostics; scientific
percent of these roles have already shaping makes internal talent
and when. research, and more.
been streamlined by robotic marketplaces — and their
process automation (RPA). There’s supporting technology —
Up until now, we’ve relied on an not much firms can do to automate essential. That’s because they
annual workforce planning model the rest without major upgrades to “New business and enable organizations to better
that matches people to jobs. This their enterprise platforms.” operating models match the demand for skills to
should give way to a more agile, will emerge in these the supply of them at scale. This
ongoing process of matching skills reduces the hiring requirement,
Instead, Doel sees genAI as spaces, with more tasks provides new development
to tasks. disrupting higher-value, less
delivered as an AI- and growth opportunities for
structured tasks: knowledge,
To understand the potential impact creative and technical work. enabled service.“That is employees, and has been shown
to increase overall productivity.
of an AI-augmented, partially what will likely be at the
hybrid workforce, you need great Research from Forrester affirms heart of this next wave
data and analytics capabilities this point of view, finding the of AI. Businesses should
to inform your workforce influence genAI has on jobs
shaping decisions. work out how to adopt
rises with education levels.
For example, just 2.7 percent these new models, and
Without it, firms may only of jobs needing a high-school how to use genAI to
hope to know which skills and diploma will be impacted, transform knowledge
activities can be enhanced by against up to 21 percent of those
requiring a degree.6 work. Those that do
which solutions. The job is
made even more difficult, given not, may fall behind
that conventional wisdom may the competition.”
be misplaced.
John Doel
6
Forrester, 2023 Generative AI Jobs Impact Forecast, US. J.P. Gownder and Michael O’Grady. Used with permission from Forrester.
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
7
htt ps:// ww w. qual trics .com/ experience-management/employee/drivers-of-employee-engagement/
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
The rise of genAI and the They will likely expect to work This mindset, which is Redesigning work.
need for continuous digital for firms with modern ways of particularly prevalent in the In an AI-first world, workforce
transformation provide a wealth working and will want to work fintech sector, can be hard for shaping requires an AI-first
of opportunities to enhance the for companies that harness larger organizations to unleash mindset, one that is focused on
EVP. Advanced technologies can artificial and human intelligence — and govern — in highly capturing and using meaningful
remove mundane and repetitive to spur productivity, growth and productive ways, especially as data to redesign roles entirely.
tasks for employees, improve innovation — not just to reduce they may lack the transparency
access to information, inspire costs. These elements of the typically found in start-ups. Deciding on workforce location.
creativity and save people time EVP will take on just as much With a growing emphasis on
(which can improve their work- importance as the company’s employee flexibility, deciding
life balance). rewards package. where to base the workforce
How do organizations involves a nuanced blend of
Employees realize this. This A longer-term focus on shape their workforce? physical and digital environments,
survey found 64 percent of productivity, value and growth considering factors like cost, talent
How can firms reshape their and business needs.
respondents have seen their is not only a compelling offer for
workforces for the future, and
workload increase, while employees. It can also build a
build the optimal combination of Optimizing the workforce mix.
according to the Microsoft more successful business in the
people and technology?
Work Trend Index, 70 percent long run as organizations see a Rather than exclusively ‘buying’
are open to delegating as much multiplier effect from combining new skills, organizations should
as possible to AI to lessen effective human and artificial The answer lies in an agile, weigh the costs and benefits of
their workloads.8 Intelligence, which remains out scenario-driven approach hiring new employees against
of reach when the two work in to workforce shaping. This upskilling existing ones. The
isolation. demands a shift away from shift to skills-based organizations
Talented individuals will likely
the neat strategic workforce allows for a more tailored
demand employers equip them
planning segments where the approach, leveraging both internal
with the technology to improve Interestingly, smaller start-ups
‘five Bs’ rule: Buy, build, borrow, and external talent through
their effectiveness on the job. recognize the opportunity to use
bot and base (see more 16). talent marketplaces.
AI and supportive technologies
Organizations should recognize
to boost overall productivity,
the need to embrace flexibility in
rather than reduce headcount.
workforce management.
8
Microsoft, 2023 Work Trend Index: Annual Report, “Will AI Fix Work?”, pp.11. Used with permission from Microsoft.
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
Case study:
Transforming skills with generative AI
A global pharma company It then gives employees personalized career guidance
needed to make sure its skills and generates tailored job descriptions. These steer
landscape remained fit for an era people toward the roles and skillsets needed to meet
of dynamic change — from post- the organization’s operational requirements and
pandemic hybrid work models to strategic goals.
technological breakthroughs. Its
aim was to nurture a culture of
Career Advisor has driven many potential benefits for
continuous upskilling, which would
the business, including:
proactively address skills gaps.
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
03
Learn in the
flow of work
Learning in the flow of work Failing to respond can put
organizations at risk of seeing their
remains an abstract concept
workforces overtaken by progress.
for many organizations. The Mark Williamson, Partner, Head of
idea recognizes that effective People Consulting, KPMG in the
learning needs to happen on UK explains:
the job. Instead of introducing
separate training sessions, “It’s a shift that is happening not just in
small pockets, but across economies,
employees learn the specific across industries and across the world.
skills or knowledge at the time Reskilling, upskilling and continuous
they need to do their jobs. learning will be crucial to firms’ ability
to compete and grow. The need to
reskill — at scale — is massive.”
The pace and dynamism of change
affecting organizations, on top of The solution lies in delivering learning
technological advancements has in the flow of work. Powered by AI
only intensified the importance of and other advanced technologies,
evolved upskilling opportunities. organizations can now seamlessly
Learning should align with advancing integrate learning into the workday,
technologies, and be more responsive alongside more traditional,
to learning needs. structured methods.
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
However, a new challenge has What do employees think? It is easy to jump to the conclusion
emerged: continuously evolving that AI will remove humans from 62% say that
Employees are optimistic that
technologies are outpacing
their current ‘human’ skills will be
work processes. In our view, investment in
employers’ ability to apply them however, the future may see less
in the workplace, let alone reskill suitable for future roles, despite job replacement, and more role upskilling influences
and upskill their people to make the speed at which at which augmentation. As already seen, whether they join,
the most of them. To keep up, technology is changing. Almost new technologies like generative
organizations should rethink their fourth fifths (78 percent) of our AI present significant opportunities
leave, or stay with
approach to knowledge transfer survey respondents believe this. for efficiency, consistency and an organization.
at scale. acceleration of work, particularly
At the same time, they recognize in knowledge roles.
What does learning
To assess if learning is currently that they cannot stand still. Some
in the flow mean for
happening in the flow of work, ask: 72 percent agree that continuous Yet, respondent to the survey
learning and upskilling will be organizations?
• How long does it take employees suggests that new skillsets may be
crucial for them to stay relevant in needed for workers to use these
to get an answer? A significant minority of workers
their field. This is reflected in their technologies to their full potential.
• How long does it take employees — just under half — say their
expectations of their employers: Around three fifths (61 percent)
to successfully complete organization is not proactively
62 percent say that investment of employees say the quality of
that task? upskilling them for the future
in upskilling influences whether reskilling and upskilling in their of work. This might signal that
• How long does it take employees they join, leave or stay with organization has improved over companies are not investing
to learn and apply a new skill? an organization. the last three years. A similar in upskilling or identifying the
number (59%) have access to emerging skills needed for the
The less time it takes, the more training for alternative careers. future. Equally, it could suggest
productive your people are — and 72% agree that a problem with how they are
the quicker they can adjust to new continuous learning Overall, employees’ responses communicating and engaging
with their staff.
requirements in their roles. and upskilling will paint a positive picture of
companies recognizing and
be crucial for them responding to employee learning
to stay relevant in needs, but there is still much
work to do. Little more than half
their field. (56 percent) of respondents say
their organization is proactively
investing in reskilling and
upskilling to bridge skill gaps.
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
AI has the potential to Already there has been a shift from A note of caution, however. We
Strategic technology partners
fundamentally change what, courses to resources. However, this must keep in mind that genAI
when and how people work. For next wave of learning, powered is an enabler, not a panacea. Learning can no longer operate
example, many organizations by AI, can take learning to the Maximizing employees’ in a silo. Partnering with
now use digital assistants to next level. It puts personalized, performance and making technology can help achieve
automate certain tasks and task-specific knowledge into every learning in the flow of work learning in the flow of work
workflows. As some skills go out employee’s hands, right at the point a reality, will likely require a while reflecting the company’s
of date, new skills become more of need number of components to work wider technology strategy.
prized, including: in harmony. Look to maximize existing
investments and partnerships,
The potential benefits and intelligently target skill
digital literacy to navigate Your skills landscape gaps with vendors who can help
of AI-powered learning
the abundance of material achieve upskilling ambitions.
Fully personalized learner Build a fluid and predictive
available; representation of the skills
journeys at the point of Content and knowledge
need needed in the business. There
feeding the right prompts management
are AI tools that recognize
into AI tools to extract the Supercharged time to Content creation and curation
and understand the roles and
right knowledge; competence can be dramatically accelerated
opportunities in an organization,
Targeted and engaging and the skills needed to by AI — with a greater focus on
quality assurance learning content perform them. These can quality, relevance and alignment
to verify the content Cross-border then be matched to across with your desired learning and
produced by AI solutions; communication the workforce. business outcomes.
and
In addition to what the Consider early adoption of
curiosity and the desire to organization needs from tools that can help do this. Be
continuously learn. the workforce, employers sure to have the necessary
need to consider individual data and human checkpoints
development needs, which are to maintain quality and drive
shaped by personal learning the right outcomes from
Recent breakthroughs in genAI, preferences and career learning. The aim should be
along with its easy availability, ambitions. Aligning the two will to understand what is having
enable organizations to integrate greatly strengthen employee the most and least impact
learning into the flow of work retention. on tangible productivity and
in ways that are effective and competence metrics.
commercially viable.
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
04
Lead from
the middle
The middle manager may or The middle manager plays a central
role in translating strategy into action
will likely be indispensable as
and outcomes for their teams. They
you pursue AI, re-shape your are the radar of their organizations,
workforce, and make learning in understanding the tasks their teams
the flow of work a reality. Often carry out in depth. They also know how
performance metrics encourage or
overlooked, undervalued, and
inhibit certain behaviors. With a finger
typically, seen as a blocker to on the pulse of employee sentiment,
change, middle managers have they can assess the impacts of change
the potential to turbocharge on employee engagement and well-
being. In short, they likely know or may
efforts toward the future
know better than others in the business
of work. where key productivity barriers exists.
9
Better Management Report: Take Responsibility, Take Action — CMI (managers .org . uk)
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
10
Gartner, “Managers are Cracking and More Training Won’t Help”, 2023, p.2. Gartner is a registered trademark and service mark
of Gartner, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and internationally and is used herein with permission. All rights reserved.
11
IDC, “Digital Enablement and the Manager’s Role in Employee Experience”, Doc #US50791723, July 2023 p.5
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
Final word
GenAI is already disrupting “There are really only a handful of
models out there — most of which
education and creative
are strikingly similar. Many of them
industries, and the incoming still look a lot like the one used
generation is quickly adapting by General Motors in the 1960s.
to make the most of these new We’re putting our children into our
grandparents’ organizations.”
tools both within and outside of
the workplace.
GenAI can change all that. The
technology can identify and
As it transforms the future of work, recommend where to improve all
genAI can drive the emergence of new aspects of the operating model, from
customer engagement and supply
operating models. Howard-Grenville
chain, through to risk management
points out that many organizations’
and product development. At the same
operating models have barely evolved
time, its capabilities and speed are such
over the decades: that it can make operating models far
more adaptive.
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
Transformation never
stops. Neither do we.
At KPMG we believe that business KPMG firms’ suite of business transformation technology solutions
can help you engineer a different future — of new opportunities
transformation is too good an opportunity
that are designed to create and protect value.
to miss. Combining the right tech leading
teach and processes with people whose
insight is as broad as it is deep, are essential
ingredients to successfully transform. KPMG KPMG
Connected Enterprise Powered Enterprise
KPMG firms have worked at the heart of global businesses Rebuild your business, Drive outcome-driven
for many decades, helping clients realize the potential end to end, around your functional transformation.
of their people and technology and working together to customers.
achieve real-world outcomes. Because when people and
technology are in harmony great things happen.
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
Future of work —
Research methodology:
This thought leadership aims Employees must have been Secondary data:
to explore the perceptions of employed full- or part-time by
employees on the future of work an organization with 5,000 or Relevant reports, research
amid post-pandemic recovery, more employees across various papers, and articles from
fast AI advancements, unstable industries such as consumer/ reputable sources, including
geopolitical instability, and a retail, government, healthcare Forrester, Gartner®, and IDC.
looming global recession. and life sciences, financial
services, technology, and others.
Expert opinions:
The research methodology
is based on the analysis of Data was collected using a Interviews of subject matter
primary and secondary data, self-administered structured experts and professionals.
as well as expert opinions from questionnaire. The survey was
leading professionals. distributed using an online
survey tool. It followed ethical
guidelines to protect the
Primary data: privacy and confidentiality of
The research targeted employees participants.
working in Australia, Canada,
Germany, the UK, and the US.
The sample size consisted of
over 4000 employees.
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
Acknowledgments
We would like to sincerely thank the following subject matter professionals for contributing to this year’s research:
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Foreword Introduction 01. Embracing AI 02. Shape the workforce 03. Learn in the flow 04. Lead from the middle Final word Methodology Acknowledgemets Contacts
kpmg.com/futureofwork
The information contained herein is of a general nature and is not intended to address
the circumstances of any particular individual or entity. Although we endeavor to provide
accurate and timely information, there can be no guarantee that such information is
accurate as of the date it is received or that it will continue to be accurate in the future.
No one should act on such information without appropriate professional advice after a
thorough examination of the particular situation.
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Throughout this document “KPMG” refers to the global organization or to one or more of
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MADE | MDE200135 | December 2023