Name Ana

_____________________________
Camila Contreras 10th B
Class _________________ 16/01/2024
Date __________________ Name Ana Camila Contreras
_____________________________ 10th B
Class _________________ 16/01/2024
Date __________________
Exploration and Expansion Exploration and Expansion
Section 4 Section 4

Section Summary
ORIGINS OF THE SLAVE TRADE
Throughout history, slavery has existed in many parts
of the world, and the people forced into slavery have
come from many walks of life. Slavery in the
Americas started because of a shortage of labor.
Plantations, large farming estates, required many
workers. The European planters had first used Native
Americans to do the work, but disease and warfare
killed millions of them. In the 1600s, planters brought
in indentured servants from Europe to work. But they
needed even more workers, so they soon turned to
1. enslaved Africans.
Millions of Africans were taken to the Americas
before the slave trade ended in the 1800s. Most came
from the coast of West Africa. Some were supplied by
African rulers in exchange for European goods, while
others were kidnapped by Europeans during raids. The
Africans who were taken became part of the
triangular trade, the trading network in which
European goods went to Africa in exchange for slaves,
slaves were shipped to the Americas, and then
2. American products were brought back to Europe. The
step during which Africans were sent to America is
referred to as the Middle Passage. Some slaves were
taken by slave traders from the Americas and were not
part of the triangular trade.
The journey to America was terrifying and
miserable for the Africans. They were chained
together and forced into dark, cramped spaces below
the deck. We know of these conditions thanks to
Africans such as Olaudah Equiano, who later wrote
about the experience. The journey usually took three
to six weeks, and as many as one in four of the
Africans did not live through the voyage. When those
who survived finally arrived in America, their
suffering continued.
SLAVERY IN THE COLONIES
Slaves went to many parts of the Americas. Spanish
traders took them to the Caribbean to work on sugar
plantations. The Portuguese brought millions to
Brazil. By the end of the 1600s, England dominated
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Full Survey Chapter 16
the trade. They brought most of their captives to the
West Indies, but also brought many to North America.
Most enslaved Africans worked on plantations, but
some worked in mines, in towns, and in the country.
3. Those who knew crafts like metalworking often
continued using those skills. Sometimes women What jobs did slaves do?
worked as servants or cooks. Enslaved people had to _______________________
meet their own basic needs at the end of the long
_______________________
work day.
Why didn’t the use of _______________________
indentured servants solve
Because slaveholders lived in fear that the slaves
the labor problems of would rebel, they used brutal punishment for even
plantations? minor offenses. Slaves had no rights or freedoms
_______________________ because by law, they were considered property.
Slaveholders controlled the conditions under which
_______________________
slaves lived, and often abused them. The enslaved
Africans coped in different ways. Some tried to keep
their cultural traditions alive, while others turned to
religion for strength. Some slaves resisted by working
slowly or destroying equipment. At times, some
slaves revolted, attacking the people holding them
captive. Others ran away, forming their own
communities in remote areas.
What was the third part of
EFFECTS OF THE SLAVE TRADE
triangular trade? The Atlantic slave trade continued for 400 years,
devastating West African society. About 20 million
_______________________
Africans were shipped to the Americas; millions more
_______________________ went to other places around the world. Unknown
_______________________ numbers of people died while being forced from
Africa’s interior or during the overseas voyage.
Millions lost their freedom, and so did their
descendants.
The effects of the slave trade in Africa were severe.
How might the slave trade
Many of the captured were the strongest young have affected the way
people—potential future leaders. The slave trade also Africans viewed their
turned Africans against each other, as rulers waged leaders?
4.
wars to gain captives to sell to the Europeans. The _______________________
forced labor of these Africans helped to build the
_______________________
American colonies instead of helping Africa.
_______________________
The slave trade led to the African Diaspora, the
spread of people of African descent throughout the _______________________
Americas and Western Europe. This helped spread
African culture—art, music, religion, and food—
throughout the Western world.
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195 Interactive Reader and Study Guide Full Survey Chapter 16 196 Interactive Reader and Study Guide