SEAA2922 WASTEWATER ENGINEERING

1.Describe (C1) the wastewater parameters of concern involved together with their
respective pollution load to be treated.

It is important to note that every single treatment facility has its own unique pollutant load,
and the parameters of wastewater that the plants are worried about are distinct from one
another. The following are some of the parameters that are utilised the most frequently:

The Biochemical Oxygen Demand, more commonly referred to as BOD, is a measurement

that is used to assess the quantity of dissolved oxygen that is consumed by bacteria during
the process of decomposing organic matter in water. Additional names that are sometimes
used to refer to the COD include the total organic carbon and the total organic carbon. One
of the functions that it provides within the setting of aquatic ecosystems is that of an indicator
of organic pollution and the potential impact that it may have on aquatic ecosystems. Values
of biological oxygen demand (BOD) that are higher indicate that there is a bigger quantity of
organic matter, which causes a drain on the oxygen levels. The reason for this is that the
oxygen levels are being subjected to tension. It is a measurement that reflects the quantity of
oxygen that is required to chemically oxidise organic molecules in water, including those that
are biodegradable and those that are not biodegradable. All organic molecules in water are
included in this measurement. The chemical oxygen demand, sometimes known as COD, is
the name given to this measurement. The result of this is that it offers a more
comprehensive analysis of organic pollution, taking into consideration chemicals that might
not be able to be broken down throughout the course of time. A higher concentration of
contaminants, which may be a factor that contributes to the deterioration of water quality, is
suggested by the presence of elevated COD levels, which are indicative of the presence of
contaminants. This may be a factor that contributes to the deteriorating of water quality. Both
the term "Biological Oxygen Demand" and the term "Chemical Oxygen Demand" are terms
that pertain to the quantity of oxygen that is required for the elimination of microorganisms
and chemical oxidation, respectively. Both concepts are related to the utilisation of oxygen.
One of the measurements that is utilised in the process of determining the pollution load is
the capacity to consume oxygen. Throughout the entirety of the procedure, this
measurement is utilised.

It has been established that substances that contain nitrogen and phosphorus are
associated with nutritional pollution. It has been found that molecules that include both of
these components are associated with nutrient pollution. The amount of pollution that these
elements produce is directly proportional to the concentration of these elements; an
excessive amount of these elements can lead to environmental problems such as
eutrophication of the ecosystem in which they are found.

In the context of water, the phrase "suspended solids," which is abbreviated as "TSS," refers
to the solids that are present in water and have the ability to be captured by a filter. Both
organic and inorganic solid particles that are still suspended in water or wastewater are
taken into consideration in this measurement. This measurement is performed on the water
or wastewater. After the gravity settling process has been finished, this measurement is
carried out to ensure accuracy. The procedure of measuring total suspended solids (TSS)
often involves filtering a water sample through a filter that has been pre-weighed. This is a
popular approach that is used in the process. The rise in the weight of the filter reflects the
total soluble solids (TSS) content of the substance. It is an important criterion in the process
of evaluating the quality of the water since it acts as an indicator of the amount of particulate
matter that is present in the water. This makes it a crucial criterion throughout the process.
Using a technique known as total suspended solids, one can ascertain the quantity of solid
particles that are present in wastewater. This can be performed by utilising the approach. It
has been discovered that there is a correlation between the quantity of pollution load and the
quantity of suspended solids that needs to be removed from the environment.

microorganisms that are capable of being found in wastewater are referred to as pathogens.
It is well established that pathogens are pathogens. There is a possibility that each of these
pathogens, which include bacteria, viruses, and parasites, could be responsible for the
development of diseases in both humans and animals. Both humans and animals are
susceptible to the presence of pathogens. Wastewater treatment plants, which are
sometimes referred to as WWTPs, can act as reservoirs and hotspots for the presence of
diseases and the subsequent spread of such diseases. This is the reason why this is the
case. Some of the elements that contribute to the survival and spread of diseases in
environments that contain wastewater include the presence of several different components.
Among these elements are the different treatment methods that are available, in addition to
the diverse microbial community that may be discovered in sewage. Microorganisms, which
include bacteria and viruses, are the living organisms that are a threat to human health. In
most cases, faecal coliforms are used for the aim of quantifying the microbial content, which
is then used to evaluate the environmental contamination load. This is done to determine the
extent of the contamination.

Cadmium, lead, and mercury are all examples of heavy metals, and all of these elements
are regarded to be dangerous metals. Cadmium is also an example of a heavy metal. To
ensure that discharge laws are adhered to, it is necessary to conduct an analysis of the
concentrations of metals. All of this is done to ascertain the amount of pollution that is
present.

It is through the utilisation of these characteristics in conjunction with one another that the
pollutant load of wastewater is established, hence guiding treatment efforts to guarantee the
preservation of personal health as well as the health of the environment.

2.Explain (C2) the concept of the proposed makeshift wastewater treatment plant
from engineering fundamentals point of view (WK3). The explanation should
exhibit the knowledge that support the proposed engineering design (WK5).
There is no obvious solution in this case (WP3).

Because there is no definitive response (WP3), the provision of an interim wastewater

treatment plant necessitates the installation of one-of-a-kind technical solutions. This is
because there is no clear answer. Consequently, this takes place because of the absence of
a straightforward remedy. When seen from the perspective of engineering basics (WK3), the
following are examples of issues that are regarded as being of substantial importance:

As a result of the plant's architecture, which is comprised of modular components, the

process of adapting to a variety of conditions is simplified, which in turn aids scalability and
makes deployment more realistic. The attainment of modularity is made possible by the
utilisation of components that are modular in nature.

In accordance with the objectives of sustainability, the installation of technologies that can
recover value resources from wastewater, such as biogas through anaerobic digestion or
nutrient-rich sludge for agricultural use, is a step in the right direction. Therefore, this is due
to the fact that these technologies have the ability to retrieve valuable resources.

Both the impact that the temporary plant has on the environment and the costs that are
associated with its operation can be reduced through the utilisation of energy-efficient
machinery and methods. This helps to lessen the impact that the production plant has on the
environment. This is achieved by the implementation of technologies that are efficient in
terms of energy consumption.

The implementation of adaptive treatment processes, which comprise the installation of

treatment procedures that are able to manage a wide variety of contaminants, makes it
possible for wastewater compositions to be as diverse as possible. This makes it feasible for
adaptive treatment processes to be effective. The procedures of adaptive treatment, which
include adaptive therapy techniques, are referred to by a number distinct names.

Community Involvement: Involving the local community in the planning and maintenance of
the plant not only helps to cultivate a sense of ownership, but it also guarantees that the
plant is culturally and socially relevant. The successful accomplishment of this purpose is
contingent upon the participation of members of the community.

A makeshift wastewater treatment solution that is adaptable, environmentally sustainable,

and community-integrated is the goal of this proposal, which aims to establish such a
solution. To demonstrate the competence that is the driving force behind the suggested
design (WK5), this is done in order to demonstrate that the design is feasible. The effective
completion of this target will be achieved by the utilisation of a wide range of engineering
techniques.

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