ICAD Creating & Nurturing Talent gponeNT 1B pesion that consists of 2 fepeated power of m ultiplication of the s nei te power of number oF indices : c ame factor is called an exponent. It is also called pponential : An exponential equation is an equation with exponents where the exponent aril (oF) a part of the exponent is a :Anumber or a variable may hav index: A have an index. Index of a variable (or a constant) is a value that is raice the variable. The indices are also known as power or exponents, ie imac OP” OX OXO% ea (mn times) BASIC LAW OF INDICES: Hfa constant or variable has index as ‘0’, then the result will be equal to one, regardles: 5 of any base value, Example : S°=1,11°=1, x fi) the index is 2 negative value, then it can be shown as th al of the positive index raised to the same variable. Example : 3+ Lx . (ti) To multiply two variables with the same base, we need to add its powers and raise them to that base. oP 0 oP 40] 244 96 2d a PHD) 2 Example : 3” eee (Nv) To divide two variables with the same base, we need to subtract the power denominator from the power of numerator and raise it to that base. Example : 9¢ /9? =94-? =9?, 9 /x? (¥) When a variable with some index is again raised with different index, then both the indices are multiplied together raised to the power of the same base. (oy? =a" Example: (778 = 73 = 7,07)" its base and raise the {t bases, but same indices are multiplied together, we have to multiply its bas (on)}¥shen two variables with diferent bases aac mlpied variables same index to multiply its base and raise [F-08 =oo?] 2 52, x2 -y? =o Example : 32-5? = (3x5)i i i livide | (vii) When two variables with different bases, but same indices are divided, we are required to divide the bases ang same index to it. i ee) 5 (vill) An index in the form of a fraction can be represented as the radical form Example : 61/? = V6, x1/3 =Yx SOLVED EXAMPLES : Example-1 : fa constant has index as ‘0’, then the result will be equal to one. Solution : 2°=1, 3°=1, 10°=1 1 3 Example-2 : Solve : 273 + Solution : Given, 2-3 + : We know that, a7 pelea Then, 2734+ ==> 5 23 cleat a4 8S _5+8 a) aS “20 1 Example-3 : Solve (35 =( A at ion : 1 (2)? solution : ven, (3)? x(2 We know that, a™ xa? =a" fest Hi wlan " aie _—_———— = i - 4 agy ceed Sue (. [6 We know that, a” = a =i ve (3*-(F-(2 2 Qj? 5 ok con (e) Ww By=o-m 1, ()) ” es amples : solve (S42) Solution : Given, (Ss (2) Weknow that, a = Gy tren, (4)3 (27)3_{vea 3) 1? “Go (a (3a) i) 2 (Peseta Oe" basesSolution We know that, (0)” (pee? om (3°) -C cxamole7 eanate:(2)' (2) a ae oa 2° (2 sotion: over, (2) (2) We know that, a” G a nen (+) -[-3) @ 2) alo = EXPONENTIAL INEQUALITIES Exponential inequalities are inequalities in which one (or both) sides involve a variable exponent. They are use! *" involving repeated multiplication, especially when being compared to a constant value, such as in the case of key to working with exponential inequalities is the following fact if a>1andx>y, then a” >a” otherwise, if 01 and o% >a’, then x>y otherwise, if O0a”, then xa” » + 3x implies that 243” 2*+3 5 23%, since the base is 2, which is greater than 1, the fact that 22+3 > 23 implies tha Example : Subtracting 2x from both sides gives 3 > x, so all x less than 3 satisfy the inequality. (2) When both sides of an inequality have the same base but less than 1. o* >a”, where ais less than 1, a Ba yyet) 2 which is since the base 8 >, whichis ess than 2, the ~ a é 4 Nen inequality implies 3 then ¥<3, 50 all less than 3 satisty the origi SO 3 58K aca yeg inal inequality pase are different but can be rewritten in ‘te TEMS of the same base. Bo”, where bis similar to a, | jada pample: 217 >8™, Here, the bases ae different, but they are related by the facts 4=22 g 93 Rewriting the inequality to use 2 as a base gives dae 25 3px = PX, 25x ny ‘mplving that 4>4x andi», ‘Man 1 Satisty the original inequality 1080 x>loga y. Otherwi ‘The converse is also true: Wa>t and logax>logay, then x> Example : 25* 5 58-Sx the use of logarithms becomes necessary, ¥, then loga x (8—Sxjlogs So, Sxlog2> 8iogS—Sxlogs Rearranging gives Sx(log2+log5)>8iogs, Since log2+log5=logi0 = This is equivalent to Sx> logs >logs®-S 8 So, x>Slogs, 0, x> log! (5) Multiple Terms Itis generally worth assignin, '8 another variable to a exponential term, solving the resulting inequality, the single term inequality and then working wit For Example: 2° +4* >6 2, sothat y+y? >6, This can be rearranged as y2 +y. Since 2 cannot be negative, this implies y>2—>2* Example : (ime < 3<(2)" Stone ena)" ceo" (2) Since > is less than 1, this implies that x>2>-3 or that x>-5, 2 2 ay pay The second inequalityis 8<| >], or 0, which is true when y>2 or y<-3, >2!, which implies x>1, Thus, allx greater than 1 satisfy the origins 3 This implies that -3>4x, or that — > x ion setis S 9x-6-5=12x-28 pare the powerues Of 2,4, Foo if X*7 2490 then value of xis x= 34570 1 27.2723 = 81" then value of xis p xf a2 ort =6.4%1 then value of xis px i 3a* + 3 (4) Match the Column | with Column I Column-1 (A) | solve the equality 43**? <64 ©) (a) | simpity: “Esa [10 J simmpity: 2°42 = 42" aes {o) | Simplify : 20=»)+5<3Qx—1). (s) | «<2 IS eas a SUGGESTED PROBLEM 5, If 2-2 =(0.5) then’sum ofall real solusons } Solve the following equations: i 6. Product of all solution of the equation (12-1, 16 is | Bete 5 7. Sum of all real solution of the equation g\ HI 7 g RHEL | 2 e} | 2) -( (2 -4)Je41 =0 is | & 25. 3, } - | _aae-2 8. Sum of all real solution of the equation v?- | (i) FPA = 38— * @99.2%-1 = a a0, en 2 9. IF x1, x9 be the solution of the equation AA 4 4% 5.4% 4420 : (9-x2)J2=x =0 then value of [xy x2] sti J EPL ao. if (VV2)2 =2* then value of 642 is Solve the following equations eee STEP-3 2 PA Hay 7A 2K ag ss 1. if 28-7 «5X4 =1250 then the value of A “ 2 SM 3547 2529 (a)2 (o)4 sa! 214 x2” STEP-2 2. The value of 2O*2——— = eet 4 16x27 -2x2 . =4 Then value of x 2 id) alue of x is (a) e to) 1 4 ( 2 (400)-5*. Then value x is a ‘ 27 2 3. The value of pak is Sula BI 3. IF 7X =49 Then value of x is a2 toy 2 oe ao 2 3 5) If 2 -2X -2=0 then value of x isea, thon the value of x Is 3 (v2 (c) 20 (d) 22 t ay : May. ga 8 Ma : hE @ (v)3 (9 3¥3 (aya - 1024)" is not equal to a 2 (bo) (8)3 —() 64)3._— (AB value of ‘Ws 4 fo) @2)° consider the following statements: fi) The simplest form of Yd is 247 {w The entire form of 245 is “80 fr008 ) eee (i) V3 [27 _3 yee () a from the above statements the correct statements are: py W, - a & li) (b) (ii) & (iii) ) ce (iid &(iv) (a) All 1 1 Sl if TRB = See 42°2/3 _1), then the value of ae ae OS) : e b) = ad (a) 5 (b) A iC) 2 (a) none of these ). if Send =3, then value of x is (2) 10 ()9 (98 (a)7 ffao. if 32x—7 =—1 then value of x is (a) (b)2 (92 (5 Ae ian. (24313 (2-V3)3 = (aya (b)-1 4 (a)3 i Pigs +22 > 92.23 (a) (b)-2 (2 (d) none fee y =6 where (xeN, y eM} then value of (x-y) canbe _ (aye (b)8 4 (at 20-n , 4n-3 35? Pane aes) 14. Val ue of ea gree e 2 (12 (b) 10 (06 (¢) as. if 24% = J then value of * IF 3 - 7 Poa (a) ->Sy ax 16. If 2 (V2)? then value of x is (a) 4/5 (b) 5/4 (= + id} none (6x—5)(x? —axy aye Goxcripe 70 then value of x to S40 Ss 1 = (oh 14,0, 2 2 18. If Ma Eer6l 9 then x= xP Axed (a) 2,3 (b) 2 (3 (da (x1)? (x=)? ag, fp SAMER I" 9, then sum ofall root is x4 (x2) (a)O (b) 1 (c)-1 (a)2 20, \f ~~ => then product of all roots is x42 x (2 (b)2 (2 (ao 21, The sum of all two digit numbers which, being divided by 4, leave a remainder of 1 is (2)1210 — (b)1200- (e110 (a) 1220 22. If x+y=6 & 10x+y+18=18y+x then value of yx is ie (a)2 (b) 6 ()-2 (a) 3 23. If 10x+y=3xy & 10x+y+18=10y+x then value of ¥ canbe x (a)-S (bys (4 (a)-2 2a. fF 1oxty=x2 ty? +12=Dy+16 then value of (x-¥) is - (a) 20 {a2 (bo) as tion 25, The product of all the roots of the equal rie ee (3) © -() is al 3 a 3? - —_o= x city ee RED ene low v n en ays 6 mY al t oI is ey) aK 2 Ce ele 4 4 19 ju