WEIGHTLESSNESS

GRAVITATION (1) During Free fall under gravity in

side a spacecraft or satellite, body
KEPLER's is weightless.
LAW OF
(2) Effective weight of body becomes
PLANETARY Zero.
MOTION
GEOSTATIONARY & POLAR
SATELLITE

(1) GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE

Height from earth’s surface = 36,000 km
RADIUS = 42,400 Km
LAW OF ORBIT Time Period = 24 hours.
Every planet revolves around the
sun in an elliptical orbit and sun is GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL (2) POLAR SATELLITE
at it’s one of the foci points. NEWTON'S LAW OF & GRAVIATATION POTENTIAL
Height from earth’s surface = 330 Km
Time Period = 84 Min
GRAVITATION Orbital Velocity = 7.92 Km/s
POLAR ORBIT
• Energy required to bring a mass T = 2-3

THE gravitational Force acting between GRAVITATIONAL from an infinite position to point
two bodies separated by distance ‘r’ is ACCELERATION under gravitational field of earth
directly proportional to product of their with constant velocity
masses and inversely proportional to Gm 1 m 2 ROTATION OF EARTH
T = 24 hours
square of distance between them At surface of earth,
u=
r
Gm1m2 SUPERPOSITION
Fgravitational = Weight • Generally, infinite is reference
F= GmMe point
r2 PRINCIPLE IN VECTOR Mg =
Rc2
LAW OF AREA −11 Nm2 FORM Amount of work done in moving a ESCAPE SPEED &
⇒ G = 6.67 × 10 Gme unit test mass from  - position
(i) The line joins any planet to the Kg2 gs = ENERGY CONSERVATION
sun sweeps equal area in equal     Rc2 to point under gravitational field
intervals of time F1 = F12 + F13 + ....... + F1n of earth
dA L Gm U Minimum speed required by an
(ii] = V= = object to escape Gravitational
dt 2m 1 + h −2 r M
 gn = gs ( ) (i) Field of Earth
(iii) Areal velocity is constant r1 = position of first particle Rc
Ve =
2GM
= 2gR
 2 2
(3R − r ) R
r2 = position of second particle (i) r < R → v = −GM
if h <<<< Rc (ii) 2R3 Ve = 11.2 Km/s
 SUPERPOSITION
r12 = Force between them. GM
2h (ii) r = R → v = −
PRINCIPLE IN SCALAR FORM gh = gs (1 − ) (iii) R
 Gm m Rc GM
F12 =  1 22 r12 (iii) r > R → v = −
r
Resultant force acting on a
r1 − r2
particle due to other particles is Variation of ‘g’ with depth
 
 Gm m (r − r ) vector sum of forces exerted by Strength of Gravitational field
GM
LAW OF PERIODS F12 = 1 2
  3
1 2
individual particle in it d
applied per unit test mass is (i) orbital velocity =
r
gd = gs (1 − ) defined as Gravitational Field
r1 − r2 Rc Intensity (ii) Total energy of satellite =
(i) The square of time period of Ms
F1 = F12 + F13 + ……. + F1n ME  −GM Constant
E = 2 r
revolution of a planet is
proportional to cube of semi –   K.E + P.E = constant
F12 = − F21 r GMM GMM
major axis of an ellipse (iii) Total energy = =
2r r
(ii) T 2 ∝ R3 Y Relation between GMM
=−
4π2R3 Gravitational potential 2r
r21 Variation of ‘g’ from equator to pole
(iii) T 2 = m1 F12 r1
F01
Gm m2 & Intensity m
h
F21 rn r2 R+h
F02
r1
F0n
g = g − Rw 2 cos2 dv v0

(i) E = R

r2 dr
r3 F03
 
Mr (ii) ∆V = ∫ E . dr
O X