Professional Documents
Culture Documents
P 29-37 Imper Molec Form, %
P 29-37 Imper Molec Form, %
Chemical Formulae
Chemical formulae are used as shorthand to indicate how many atoms of one
element combine with another element to form a compound.
We also know that 1 mole of C atoms weighs 12.01 g and 1 mol of H atoms
weighs 1.0079 g. So, we know the molar mass of ethane also.
Or, 30.07 g in 1 mole C2H6. So, we say the molar mass of ethane is 30.07
g/mol (that’s grams per mole).
29
30
30
31
Percent Composition
31
32
Finally we reduce the number of moles to the smallest whole number ratio.
1 C for 2 H for 1 O.
CH2O
If we knew any two of these numbers then we could find the third, but we only know one.
32
33
(a number) = 5.956 or 6
To find the formula we need to know the % mass of each of the elements.
Since, there are only 2 different elements in iron oxide we know...
%Fe + %O = 100 %
100 % - %Fe = %O
100 % - 69.94 % = %O
%O = 30.06 %
now that we have % mass of both elements let’s find the formula
33
34
Fe2O3
34
35
For example,
A compound containing only Mn and Cl contains 1.9228 g Mn and
2.4817 g Cl. Determine the empirical formula.
1.9228 g Mn 1 mol Mn
x = 0.034999 mol Mn
54.938 g Mn
2.4817g Cl 1 mol Cl
x = 0.070000 mol Cl
35.453 g Cl
1.9228 g Mn 1 mol Mn
x = 0.034999 mol Mn =1
54.938 g Mn
2.4817g Cl 1 mol Cl
x = 0.070000 mol Cl =2
35.453 g Cl
The formula is
35
36
MnCl 2
36
37
CH
So, the molecular formula is made up of some number of empirical formula units. Use the
37
38
molar mass and the empirical formula mass to determine that number.
(A #) = 6.000
C6H6
38