Anatomical Terms

Question 1:
What is the definition of anatomy?
A) The study of the structure, arrangement, and geography of the human body.
B) The study of microscopic organisms.
C) The study of the human mind.
D) The study of geographical features.

Question 2:
Which method of studying anatomy involves the use of a microscope?
A) Gross Anatomy
B) Microscopic Anatomy
C) Surface Anatomy
D) Living Anatomy

Question 3:
Which method of studying anatomy involves the study of position and outlines of structures
in relation to the external surface of the body?
A) Gross Anatomy
B) Microscopic Anatomy
C) Surface Anatomy
D) Living Anatomy

Question 4:
Which method of studying anatomy involves the use of x-rays?
A) Gross Anatomy
B) Microscopic Anatomy
C) Surface Anatomy
D) Radiological Anatomy

Question 5:
What is the study of the macroscopic structure and function of the body as it relates to the
practice of medicine and other health sciences called?
A) Gross Anatomy
B) Microscopic Anatomy
C) Clinical Anatomy
D) Radiological Anatomy

Question 6:
What is the anatomy of surgical exposures and incisions called?
A) Gross Anatomy
B) Microscopic Anatomy
C) Clinical Anatomy
D) Surgical Anatomy

Question 7:
Which term refers to the front side of the body?
A) Anterior
B) Posterior
C) Superior
D) Inferior

Question 8:
Which term refers to the back side of the body?
A) Anterior
B) Posterior
C) Superior
D) Inferior

Question 9:
Which term refers to the upper side of the body?
A) Superior
B) Inferior
C) Medial
D) Lateral

Question 10:
Which term refers to the lower side of the body?
A) Superior
B) Inferior
C) Medial
D) Lateral

Question 11:
Which term refers to the middle of the body?
A) Medial
B) Lateral
C) Proximal
D) Distal

Question 12:
Which term refers to the side of the body?
A) Medial
B) Lateral
C) Proximal
D) Distal

Question 13:
Which term refers to a position closer to the center of the body?
A) Proximal
B) Distal
C) Superficial
D) Deep
Question 14:
Which term refers to a position farther away from the center of the body?
A) Proximal
B) Distal
C) Superficial
D) Deep

Question 15:
Which term refers to lying down on the back with the face looking upwards?
A) Prone position
B) Supine position
C) Anterior position
D) Posterior position

Question 16:
Which term refers to lying down on the front with the face looking downwards?
A) Prone position
B) Supine position
C) Anterior position
D) Posterior position

Question 17:
Which plane divides the body into right and left halves?
A) Median plane
B) Paramedian sagittal plane
C) Coronal plane
D) Transverse plane

Question 18:
Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts?
A) Median plane
B) Paramedian sagittal plane
C) Coronal plane
D) Transverse plane

Question 19:
Which plane divides the body into upper and lower parts?
A) Median plane
B) Paramedian sagittal plane
C) Coronal plane
D) Transverse plane

Question 20:
Which term refers to the bending of a joint or limb?
A) Flexion
B) Extension
C) Abduction
D) Adduction
Answer Key:
1) A
2) B
3) C
4) D
5) C
6) D
7) A
8) B
9) A
10) B
11) A
12) B
13) A
14) B
15) B
16) A
17) A
18) C
19) D
20) A
Cartilage

1. What is a characteristic feature of cartilage?

a) It has blood vessels
b) It is sensitive to touch
c) It is covered by perichondrium
d) It is radiopaque

2. Which type of cartilage is bluish white and translucent?

a) Hyaline cartilage
b) White fibrocartilage
c) Yellow elastic fibrocartilage
d) Articular cartilage

3. Where is hyaline cartilage found in the body?

a) Intervertebral discs
b) Larynx and trachea
c) Epiphyseal cartilage plates
d) Menisci of the knee

4. What gives white fibrocartilage its white color and opaque appearance?
a) Blood vessels
b) Elastic fibers
c) Collagenous fibers
d) Articular cartilage

5. Which type of cartilage is more flexible due to yellow elastic fibers?

a) Hyaline cartilage
b) White fibrocartilage
c) Yellow elastic fibrocartilage
d) Articular cartilage

6. What happens when cartilage undergoes calcification?

a) It becomes transparent
b) It is replaced by bone
c) It becomes more flexible
d) It develops blood vessels

7. Which type of cartilage is found in the external ear?

a) Hyaline cartilage
b) White fibrocartilage
c) Yellow elastic fibrocartilage
d) Articular cartilage

8. What is the function of perichondrium?

a) It provides blood supply to cartilage
b) It protects cartilage from external damage
 c) It gives color to cartilage
d) It makes cartilage flexible

9. Which type of cartilage is found in the costal cartilages?

a) Hyaline cartilage
b) White fibrocartilage
c) Yellow elastic fibrocartilage
d) Articular cartilage

10. What is the main structural component of white fibrocartilage?

a) Collagenous fibers
b) Elastic fibers
c) Blood vessels
d) Nerves

11. What is the color of cartilage?

a) Black
b) White
c) Blue
d) Transparent

12. Which type of cartilage is found in the larynx and trachea?

a) Hyaline cartilage
b) White fibrocartilage
c) Yellow elastic fibrocartilage
d) Articular cartilage

13. Which type of cartilage is found in the epiphyseal cartilage plates?

a) Hyaline cartilage
b) White fibrocartilage
c) Yellow elastic fibrocartilage
d) Articular cartilage

14. What is the characteristic feature of cartilage regarding nerves?

a) It is highly sensitive
b) It contains nerve fibers
c) It is insensitive
d) It causes pain when damaged

15. What is the main function of white fibrocartilage?

a) Shock absorption
b) Providing flexibility
c) Allowing smooth movement
d) Transmitting sound waves

16. Which type of cartilage is found in the nasal cartilages?

a) Hyaline cartilage
b) White fibrocartilage
 c) Yellow elastic fibrocartilage
d) Articular cartilage

17. What is the main characteristic of yellow elastic fibrocartilage?

a) It is black in color
b) It is rich in elastic fibers
c) It is found in synovial joints
d) It is sensitive to touch

18. What is the function of articular cartilage?

a) Providing flexibility
b) Connecting bones together
c) Transmitting sound waves
d) Reducing friction in joints

19. Where is yellow elastic fibrocartilage found in the body?

a) Intervertebral discs
b) Menisci of the knee
c) Epiglottis
d) Xiphoid process of sternum

20. What is the structure that covers the surface of cartilage?

a) Perichondrium
b) Epiphysis
c) Articular capsule
d) Synovial membrane

Answer Key:
1. c) It is covered by perichondrium
2. a) Hyaline cartilage
3. c) Epiphyseal cartilage plates
4. c) Collagenous fibers
5. c) Yellow elastic fibrocartilage
6. b) It is replaced by bone
7. c) Yellow elastic fibrocartilage
8. a) It provides blood supply to cartilage
9. a) Hyaline cartilage
10. a) Collagenous fibers
11. d) Transparent
12. a) Hyaline cartilage
13. a) Hyaline cartilage
14. c) It is insensitive
15. a) Shock absorption
16. a) Hyaline cartilage
17. b) It is rich in elastic fibers
18. d) Reducing friction in joints
19. c) Epiglottis
20. a) Perichondrium
Bones

Question 1:

Which of the following is NOT a function of bones?

A) Support the body and give the body its shape.

B) Skeletal muscles attached to the bone for movements.
C) Protect some important organs.
D) Store house of salt calcium and phosphorus.

Question 2:

What is the classification of bones based on their position?

A) Regional classification
B) Morphology classification
C) Structure classification
D) Development classification

Question 3:

Which of the following is an example of an atypical long bone?

A) Femur
B) Tibia
C) Metacarpals
D) Radius

Question 4:

Which type of bone is usually cubical, trapezoidal, or scaphoidal in shape?

A) Long bone
B) Short bone
C) Flat bone
D) Irregular bone

Question 5:

Which bones are formed of an outer and inner lamina of compact bone separated by a layer
of spongy bone?

A) Long bones
B) Short bones
C) Flat bones
D) Irregular bones
Question 6:

What type of bone contains large air spaces?

A) Long bone
B) Short bone
C) Flat bone
D) Pneumatic bone

Question 7:

Which bones are found embedded in the tendons of some muscles, ligaments, or joint
capsules?

A) Long bones
B) Short bones
C) Flat bones
D) Sesamoid bones

Question 8:

What is the hard, ivory-like bone that forms the cortical covering of all types of bone?

A) Compact bone
B) Cancellous bone
C) Membranous bone
D) Cartilaginous bone

Question 9:

Which type of bone is formed of a trabecular meshwork enclosing spaces that contain bone
marrow?

A) Compact bone
B) Cancellous bone
C) Membranous bone
D) Cartilaginous bone

Question 10:

Which bones are developed from a connective tissue membrane?

A) Membranous bones
B) Cartilaginous bones
C) Bones of mixed ossification
D) None of the above
Question 11:

Which bones are developed from a hyaline cartilage model?

A) Membranous bones
B) Cartilaginous bones
C) Bones of mixed ossification
D) None of the above

Question 12:

What is the site of increase in length of the bone?

A) Epiphysis
B) Metaphysis
C) Diaphysis
D) Epiphyseal cartilage

Question 13:

Which type of bone marrow is responsible for the formation of blood cells?

A) Red bone marrow

B) Yellow bone marrow
C) Both red and yellow bone marrow
D) None of the above

Question 14:

Which type of bone marrow has no role in the formation of red blood cells?

A) Red bone marrow

B) Yellow bone marrow
C) Both red and yellow bone marrow
D) None of the above

Question 15:

Which arteries supply the medullary cavity with bone marrow?

A) Nutrient arteries
B) Periosteal arteries
C) Metaphyseal arteries
D) Epiphyseal arteries

Question 16:

What is the main passage for the vessels supplying the interior of long bone?
A) Nutrient artery
B) Periosteal artery
C) Metaphyseal artery
D) Epiphyseal artery

Question 17:

Which veins accompany the arteries in bone?

A) Nutrient veins
B) Periosteal veins
C) Metaphyseal veins
D) Epiphyseal veins

Question 18:

Which nerves provide sensory fibers to the periosteum and articular surfaces?

A) Motor nerves
B) Sensory nerves
C) Sympathetic nerves
D) Parasympathetic nerves

Question 19:

Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about bones?

A) Bones are highly vascular.

B) Bones have a constant rate of turnover of calcium and phosphorus.
C) Bones have a low power of regeneration and repair.
D) Bones are responsible for the production of blood cells.

Answer Key:
1. D
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. C
6. D
7. D
8. A
9. B
10. A
11. B
12. B
13. A
14. B
15. A
16. A
17. A
18. B
19. C
Joints

1. What is the purpose of a joint?

A) To connect muscles
B) To connect bones
C) To support organs
D) To store nutrients

2. Which of the following is a type of fibrous joint?

A) Hinge joint
B) Ball and socket joint
C) Suture joint
D) Ellipsoid joint

3. The primary cartilaginous joints are composed of:

A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Fibrocartilage
C) Synovial fluid
D) Articular capsule

4. Which type of joint allows for the most range of movement?

A) Fibrous joint
B) Cartilaginous joint
C) Synovial joint
D) Immovable joint

5. What is the function of the synovial membrane?

A) Produces synovial fluid
B) Provides blood supply to the joint
C) Connects bones together
D) Supports organs near the joint

6. Which type of joint allows for sliding or gliding movements?

A) Plane joint
B) Hinge joint
C) Pivot joint
D) Saddle joint

7. The nerve supply of joints is primarily found in:

A) The articular cartilage
B) The synovial membrane
C) The ligaments
D) The bone factor

8. What is the purpose of the ligamentous factor in joints?

A) To provide blood supply
B) To connect bones
 C) To produce synovial fluid
D) To support muscles near the joint

9. Which joint type allows for rotation movements?

A) Plane joint
B) Hinge joint
C) Pivot joint
D) Ball and socket joint

10. The stability of joints is influenced by:

A) Bone factor, ligamentous factor, and muscular factor
B) Synovial fluid, nerve supply, and blood vessels
C) Articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and intracapsular structures
D) Joint cavity, articular capsule, and fibrous capsule

11. Which of the following joints is an example of a uniaxial joint?

A) Wrist joint
B) Shoulder joint
C) Elbow joint
D) Hip joint

12. What is the function of the articular cartilage in a joint?

A) To produce synovial fluid
B) To provide nerve supply
C) To allow smooth movement between bones
D) To connect muscles to bones

13. Which type of joint allows for flexion and extension movements?
A) Plane joint
B) Hinge joint
C) Pivot joint
D) Saddle joint

14. The blood supply of joints is primarily provided by:

A) The synovial membrane
B) The ligaments
C) The articular branches
D) The intracapsular structures

15. Which joint type allows for the most range of movement?
A) Plane joint
B) Hinge joint
C) Ball and socket joint
D) Saddle joint

16. What is the purpose of the muscular factor in joint stability?

A) To produce synovial fluid
B) To connect bones
 C) To support muscles near the joint
D) To provide blood supply to the joint

17. Which type of joint allows for adduction and abduction movements?
A) Plane joint
B) Hinge joint
C) Pivot joint
D) Ellipsoid joint

18. The synovial fluid in joints serves to:

A) Connect bones together
B) Produce nerve supply
C) Lubricate and fill the joint cavity
D) Provide blood supply to the joint

19. Which joint type allows for rotation, flexion-extension, and adduction-abduction
movements?
A) Plane joint
B) Hinge joint
C) Ball and socket joint
D) Saddle joint

20. The bone factor in joint stability depends on:

A) The shape, size, and fitting of the articulating bony surfaces
B) The production of synovial fluid
C) The presence of nerve endings in the articular cartilage
D) The flexibility of the ligaments near the joint

Answer Key
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. A
6. A
7. C
8. B
9. C
10. A
11. C
12. C
13. B
14. C
15. C
16. C
17. D
18. C
19. C
20. A
Fascia

Question 1:
What is the definition of fascia?
a) A type of muscle tissue
b) A connective tissue beneath the skin
c) A type of bone structure
d) A layer of blood vessels

Question 2:
Which of the following is NOT a type of fascia?
a) Superficial fascia
b) Deep fascia
c) Subcutaneous fascia
d) Intramuscular fascia

Question 3:
What is the structure of superficial fascia?
a) A fibrous network filled with fat
b) A dense layer of muscle tissue
c) A network of blood vessels
d) A layer of skin cells

Question 4:
What are the functions of superficial fascia?
a) Allows skin mobility
b) Passage for cutaneous vessels and nerves
c) Conserves body heat
d) All of the above

Question 5:
Where is superficial fascia abundant in the body?
a) Eyelids
b) Nipple and Areola of the breast
c) Buttock
d) Penis and Scrotum

Question 6:
What is the special feature of superficial fascia in the lower part of the anterior abdominal
wall and limbs?
a) Well presented
b) Separated into two layers
c) Contains ligaments
d) Has aponeurosis

Question 7:
What is the function of aponeurosis?
a) Protects underlying structures
b) Provides an additional surface for muscular attachments
c) Connects bones nearby joints
d) All of the above

Question 8:
Which of the following is an example of a ligament formed by deep fascia?
a) Palmar aponeurosis
b) Plantar aponeurosis
c) Sternoclavicular ligament
d) Radioulnar ligament

Question 9:
What parts of the body lack deep fascia?
a) Buttock and flanks
b) Front and medial side of thighs
c) Lower part of anterior abdominal wall
d) Subcutaneous parts or surfaces of bones

Question 10:
How does an artery terminate?
a) Into capillary
b) Into sinusoids
c) Arteriovenous anastomosis
d) With another arteriole

Question 11:
What are venae comitans?
a) Paired veins that accompany arteries
b) Small capillaries
c) Arteriovenous connections
d) Nervous tissue

Question 12:
What is the purpose of venae comitans?
a) Aid venous return
b) Aid arterial circulation
c) Provide oxygen to tissues
d) Regulate blood pressure

Question 13:
What is an anastomosis?
a) Connection between two arteries
b) Connection between two veins
c) Connection between an artery and a vein
d) All of the above

Question 14:
Which part of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord?
a) Central nervous system
b) Peripheral nervous system
c) Autonomic nervous system
d) Somatic nervous system

Question 15:
Which part of the nervous system branches from the brain and spinal cord?
a) Cranial nerves
b) Spinal nerves
c) Autonomic nerves
d) Somatic nerves

Question 16:
Where do the cell bodies of the posterior root lie?
a) Anterior root
b) Dorsal root ganglion
c) Spinal cord
d) Brain

Question 17:
What is the function of the anterior root of a spinal nerve?
a) Carry sensation
b) Motor function
c) Supply muscle and skin
d) Form plexus

Question 18:
Which part of the nerve trunk is made of the union of anterior and posterior roots?
a) Posterior root
b) Anterior root
c) Mixed nerve trunk
d) Ganglion

Question 19:
Which ramus supplies the muscle and skin of the back?
a) Anterior ramus
b) Posterior ramus
c) Mixed ramus
d) Dorsal ramus

Question 20:
What is a ganglion?
a) Collection of nerve cells outside the central nervous system
b) Collection of muscle cells
c) A type of connective tissue
d) A region of the spinal cord
Answer Key:
1) b
2) c
3) a
4) d
5) c
6) a
7) d
8) c
9) d
10) a
11) a
12) a
13) d
14) a
15) a
16) b
17) b
18) c
19) b
20) a
MUSCLES

Question 1:
Which of the following is NOT a type of muscle tissue?
a) Smooth muscles
b) Cardiac muscle
c) Skeletal muscles
d) Visceral muscles

Question 2:
Which of the following best describes the main features of visceral muscles?
a) Each muscle fiber is branched with marked striations.
b) They are arranged in thick sheets connected by dense connective tissue.
c) They are controlled by somatic nerves and act voluntarily.
d) They respond by a slow and sustained contraction.

Question 3:
What is the term used to describe the contraction in the walls of the digestive tube and
urogenital tracts?
a) Peristalsis
b) Mass contraction
c) Circular contraction
d) Longitudinal contraction

Question 4:
Which type of muscle acts to produce "mass contraction" responsible for the evacuation and
expulsion of the visceral contents?
a) Circular sheets in blood vessels
b) Irregular form in the walls of the uterus and urinary bladder
c) Longitudinal and circular sheets in the walls of the digestive tube and urogenital tracts
d) Fusiform fibers in the walls of blood vessels

Question 5:
Which of the following statements about cardiac muscle is true?
a) Each muscle cell contains multiple nuclei.
b) It is controlled by autonomic nerves and acts involuntarily.
c) It forms the smooth muscle in the walls of the digestive tube.
d) It is innervated by the somatic part of the nervous system.

Question 6:
What is the characteristic feature of skeletal muscles?
a) They are non-striated and involuntary.
b) They are controlled by autonomic nerves.
c) They form about 40-45% of the body weight.
d) The muscle fibers are spindle-shaped with centrally placed nuclei.

Question 7:
Which part of the skeletal muscle is the less mobile end during contraction?
a) Insertion
b) Fleshy part
c) Origin
d) Muscle tendon

Question 8:
Which type of muscle is responsible for flexion in the ventral region of the body?
a) Skeletal muscles
b) Smooth muscles
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Visceral muscles

Question 9:
What is the arrangement of muscle fibers that provides a greater range of movement?
a) Fibers oblique to the line of pull
b) Fibers parallel to the line of pull
c) Circular arrangement of fibers
d) Branched arrangement of fibers

Question 10:
What is muscle tone?
a) The characteristic firmness of the somatic muscle during rest
b) The ability of a muscle to contract with maximum force
c) The loss of muscle strength after injury
d) The contraction of a muscle to bring its attachments closer

Question 11:
Which part of the nervous system controls the skeletal muscles?
a) Autonomic nervous system
b) Somatic nervous system
c) Central nervous system
d) Enteric nervous system

Question 12:
How is the skeletal muscle supplied with blood?
a) Muscular branches from nearby arteries
b) Pulmonary arteries
c) Coronary arteries
d) Mesenteric arteries

Question 13:
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of skeletal muscle fibers?
a) Branched with marked striations
b) Peripheral multinucleated cells
c) Thick and non-branched
d) Easily fatigued
Question 14:
Which type of muscle is responsible for adduction in the medial region of the body?
a) Skeletal muscles
b) Smooth muscles
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Visceral muscles

Question 15:
What is the term used to describe muscle fibers arranged oblique to the line of pull?
a) Parallel fibers
b) Circular fibers
c) Pennate fibers
d) Striated fibers

Question 16:
Which part of the muscle is responsible for mass contraction in the cardiac muscle?
a) Intercalated discs
b) Muscle fibers
c) Myocardium
d) Conduction system

Question 17:
What happens to muscle tone if there is an injury to the motor nerve supply?
a) It becomes flaccid
b) It becomes rigid
c) It remains unchanged
d) It increases

Question 18:
What is the primary function of muscle contraction?
a) To lengthen the muscle
b) To bring muscle attachments closer
c) To increase blood flow to the muscle
d) To relax the muscle

Question 19:
Which type of muscle receives its nerve supply along with its arterial supply?
a) Smooth muscles
b) Cardiac muscle
c) Skeletal muscles
d) Visceral muscles

Question 20:
Which type of muscle is controlled by autonomic nerves and acts involuntarily?
a) Smooth muscles
b) Cardiac muscle
c) Skeletal muscles
d) Visceral muscles
Answer Key:
1) d
2) b
3) a
4) b
5) b
6) c
7) c
8) a
9) b
10) a
11) b
12) a
13) a
14) d
15) c
16) c
17) a
18) b
19) c
20) a
Brachial Plexus

Question 1: What is the definition of the brachial plexus?

a) It is a network of nerves that supplies the skin and muscles of the lower limb.
b) It is a big network of nerves that descends from the neck to the axilla for supplying the
skin and muscles of the upper limb.
c) It is a collection of nerves that controls the movement of the shoulder joint.
d) It is a network of nerves that connects the brain to the spinal cord.

Question 2: How is the brachial plexus formed?

a) It is formed by the ventral rami of the 5th thoracic nerve and the 1st thoracic nerve.
b) It is formed by the ventral rami of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd cervical nerves.
c) It is formed by the ventral rami of the 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th cervical nerves, and the greater
part of the 1st thoracic nerve.
d) It is formed by the ventral rami of the 8th cervical nerve and the 1st thoracic nerve.

Question 3: Which stage of the brachial plexus is responsible for giving branches to the
upper limb?
a) Stage of roots
b) Stage of trunks
c) Stage of divisions
d) Stage of cords

Question 4: Where does the stage of roots of the brachial plexus lie?
a) In the anterior triangle of the neck
b) In the posterior triangle of the neck
c) In the lower part of the posterior triangle of the neck
d) In the upper part of the posterior triangle of the neck

Question 5: How many trunks does the brachial plexus have?

a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four

Question 6: Which trunk is formed by the union of the C5 and C6 nerves?

a) Upper trunk
b) Middle trunk
c) Lower trunk
d) None of the above

Question 7: What are the stages of divisions in the brachial plexus?

a) Anterior and posterior divisions
b) Superior and inferior divisions
c) Medial and lateral divisions
d) Upper and lower divisions
Question 8: Which cords are formed by the union of the anterior and posterior divisions?
a) Lateral, medial, and posterior cords
b) Anterior, posterior, and superior cords
c) Inferior, anterior, and lateral cords
d) Medial, inferior, and superior cords

Question 9: Which nerve is a branch from the roots of the brachial plexus?
a) Dorsal scapular nerve
b) Suprascapular nerve
c) Ulnar nerve
d) Radial nerve

Question 10: Which nerve arises from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?
a) Radial nerve
b) Ulnar nerve
c) Median nerve
d) Axillary nerve

Question 11: How many branches arise from the lateral cord?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four

Question 12: Which nerve arises from the medial cord of the brachial plexus?
a) Axillary nerve
b) Median nerve
c) Ulnar nerve
d) Radial nerve

Question 13: Which nerve arises from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?
a) Axillary nerve
b) Ulnar nerve
c) Median nerve
d) Radial nerve

Question 14: How many branches arise from the posterior cord?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four

Question 15: Which nerve supplies the skin and muscles of the forearm?
a) Axillary nerve
b) Ulnar nerve
c) Median nerve
d) Radial nerve
Question 16: What are the relations of the axillary artery with the brachial plexus in the 1st
part?
a) Posterior: medial cord, Lateral: lateral and posterior cords
b) Posterior: lateral cord, Lateral: medial cord
c) Lateral: lateral cord, Medial: medial cord, Posterior: posterior cord
d) Lateral: musculocutaneaus nerve and median nerve, Medial: ulnar nerve and medial
cutaneous nerve of the forearm, Posterior: axillary and radial nerves

Question 17: What are the relations of the axillary artery with the brachial plexus in the 2nd
part?
a) Lateral: musculocutaneaus nerve and median nerve, Medial: ulnar nerve and medial
cutaneous nerve of the forearm, Posterior: axillary and radial nerves
b) Posterior: lateral cord, Lateral: medial cord, Medial: medial cord
c) Posterior: medial cord, Lateral: lateral and posterior cords
d) Lateral: lateral cord, Medial: medial cord, Posterior: posterior cord

Question 18: What are the relations of the axillary artery with the brachial plexus in the 3rd
part?
a) Lateral: musculocutaneaus nerve and median nerve, Medial: ulnar nerve and medial
cutaneous nerve of the forearm, Posterior: axillary and radial nerves
b) Posterior: medial cord, Lateral: lateral and posterior cords
c) Lateral: lateral cord, Medial: medial cord, Posterior: posterior cord
d) Posterior: lateral cord, Lateral: medial cord, Medial: medial cord

Question 19: Which nerves are related to the axillary artery in the 3rd part?
a) Axillary and radial nerves
b) Ulnar nerve and medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm
c) Musculocutaneous nerve and median nerve
d) None of the above

Question 20: Which nerve supplies the skin and muscles of the upper limb?
a) Axillary nerve
b) Ulnar nerve
c) Median nerve
d) Radial nerve

Answer Key:
1) b
2) c
3) d
4) b
5) c
6) a
7) a
8) a
9) a
10) c
11) c
12) c
13) d
14) c
15) d
16) a
17) b
18) c
19) a
20) d
Pectoral Region

Question 1: Which muscles connect the upper limb to the thoracic wall in the pectoral
region?
A) Pectoralis major
B) Pectoralis minor
C) Subclavius
D) Serratus anterior

Question 2: Which layer in the pectoral region is formed by pectoralis major?

A) Superficial layer
B) Deep layer

Question 3: Which muscles form the deep layer in the pectoral region?
A) Subclavius, pectoralis minor, and serratus anterior
B) Pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, and serratus anterior
C) Pectoralis major, subclavius, and serratus anterior
D) Pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, and subclavius

Question 4: What is the origin of pectoralis major muscle?

A) Medial half of anterior surface of the clavicle, front of the sternum, and upper 6 costal
cartilages
B) 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs
C) Upper surface of 1st rib
D) 8 digitations from the upper 8 ribs

Question 5: Where does pectoralis major muscle insert?

A) Lateral limb of bicipital groove
B) Upper surface of coracoid process of scapula
C) Subclavian groove on the inferior surface of the middle 1/3 of the clavicle
D) Ventral aspect of medial border of the scapula

Question 6: Which nerves supply the pectoralis major muscle?

A) Lateral pectoral nerve and medial pectoral nerve
B) Medial pectoral nerve
C) Branch from the upper trunk of brachial plexus
D) Nerve to serratus anterior (long thoracic nerve)

Question 7: What actions does the pectoralis major muscle perform on the shoulder joint?
A) Flexion, adduction, and medial rotation
B) Protraction and depression
C) Stabilization of the clavicle
D) Protraction of the shoulder girdle

Question 8: What is the origin of pectoralis minor muscle?

A) Medial half of anterior surface of the clavicle, front of the sternum, and upper 6 costal
cartilages
B) 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs
C) Upper surface of 1st rib
D) 8 digitations from the upper 8 ribs

Question 9: Where does pectoralis minor muscle insert?

A) Lateral limb of bicipital groove
B) Upper surface of coracoid process of scapula
C) Subclavian groove on the inferior surface of the middle 1/3 of the clavicle
D) Ventral aspect of medial border of the scapula

Question 10: Which nerve supplies the pectoralis minor muscle?

A) Lateral pectoral nerve and medial pectoral nerve
B) Medial pectoral nerve
C) Branch from the upper trunk of brachial plexus
D) Nerve to serratus anterior (long thoracic nerve)

Question 11: What actions does the pectoralis minor muscle perform on the shoulder girdle?
A) Flexion, adduction, and medial rotation
B) Protraction and depression
C) Stabilization of the clavicle
D) Protraction of the shoulder girdle

Question 12: What is the origin of the subclavius muscle?

A) Medial half of anterior surface of the clavicle, front of the sternum, and upper 6 costal
cartilages
B) 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs
C) Upper surface of 1st rib
D) 8 digitations from the upper 8 ribs

Question 13: Where does the subclavius muscle insert?

A) Lateral limb of bicipital groove
B) Upper surface of coracoid process of scapula
C) Subclavian groove on the inferior surface of the middle 1/3 of the clavicle
D) Ventral aspect of medial border of the scapula

Question 14: Which nerve supplies the subclavius muscle?

A) Lateral pectoral nerve and medial pectoral nerve
B) Medial pectoral nerve
C) Branch from the upper trunk of brachial plexus
D) Nerve to serratus anterior (long thoracic nerve)

Question 15: What action does the subclavius muscle perform?

A) Flexion, adduction, and medial rotation
B) Protraction and depression
C) Stabilization of the clavicle
D) Protraction of the shoulder girdle

Question 16: What is the origin of the serratus anterior muscle?

A) Medial half of anterior surface of the clavicle, front of the sternum, and upper 6 costal
cartilages
B) 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs
C) Upper surface of 1st rib
D) 8 digitations from the upper 8 ribs

Question 17: Where does the serratus anterior muscle insert?

A) Lateral limb of bicipital groove
B) Upper surface of coracoid process of scapula
C) Subclavian groove on the inferior surface of the middle 1/3 of the clavicle
D) Ventral aspect of medial border of the scapula

Question 18: Which nerve supplies the serratus anterior muscle?

A) Lateral pectoral nerve and medial pectoral nerve
B) Medial pectoral nerve
C) Branch from the upper trunk of brachial plexus
D) Nerve to serratus anterior (long thoracic nerve)

Question 19: What actions does the serratus anterior muscle perform?
A) Flexion, adduction, and medial rotation
B) Protraction and depression
C) Stabilization of the clavicle
D) Protraction of the shoulder girdle

Question 20: What structures pierce the clavipectoral fascia?

A) Thoracoacromial artery, cephalic vein, lateral pectoral nerve, and lymphatics
B) Medial pectoral nerve and nerve to serratus anterior
C) Lateral pectoral nerve and lymphatics
D) Thoracoacromial artery and cephalic vein

Answer Key:
1) A
2) A
3) A
4) A
5) A
6) A
7) A
8) B
9) B
10) B
11) B
12) C
13) C
14) C
15) C
16) D
17) D
18) D
19) D
20) A
Shoulder Region

Question 1: Which of the following muscles connect the scapula to the humerus in the
shoulder region?
A) Deltoid
B) Supraspinatus
C) Infraspinatus
D) Teres major
E) Teres minor
F) Subscapularis

Question 2: Which nerves are associated with the shoulder region?

A) Suprascapular nerve
B) Axillary nerve
C) Radial nerve
D) Ulnar nerve
E) Median nerve
F) Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 3: Which arteries form an anastomosis around the scapula in the shoulder region?
A) Suprascapular artery
B) Dorsal scapular artery
C) Subscapular artery
D) Brachial artery
E) Axillary artery
F) Subclavian artery

Question 4: Which muscle originates from the anterior border of the lateral 1/3 of the
clavicle, the lateral border of the acromion, and the lower lip of the crest of the spine of the
scapula?
A) Deltoid
B) Supraspinatus
C) Infraspinatus
D) Teres major
E) Teres minor
F) Subscapularis

Question 5: What is the function of the supraspinatus muscle?

A) Flexes the shoulder joint
B) Abducts the arm from 15-90°
C) Extends the shoulder joint
D) Medially rotates the arm
E) Laterally rotates the arm
F) Adducts the arm

Question 6: Which muscle helps in stabilizing the head of the humerus within the glenoid
cavity?
A) Deltoid
B) Supraspinatus
C) Infraspinatus
D) Teres major
E) Teres minor
F) Subscapularis

Question 7: Which muscle is responsible for lateral rotation of the arm at the shoulder?
A) Deltoid
B) Supraspinatus
C) Infraspinatus
D) Teres major
E) Teres minor
F) Subscapularis

Question 8: Which nerve supplies the subscapularis muscle?

A) Suprascapular nerve
B) Axillary nerve
C) Radial nerve
D) Ulnar nerve
E) Median nerve
F) Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 9: Which muscle is a part of the rotator cuff and adducts the arm?
A) Deltoid
B) Supraspinatus
C) Infraspinatus
D) Teres major
E) Teres minor
F) Subscapularis

Question 10: Which nerve is responsible for the motor function of the deltoid and teres minor
muscles?
A) Suprascapular nerve
B) Axillary nerve
C) Radial nerve
D) Ulnar nerve
E) Median nerve
F) Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 11: Which nerve passes through the suprascapular foramen to reach the
supraspinous fossa?
A) Suprascapular nerve
B) Axillary nerve
C) Radial nerve
D) Ulnar nerve
E) Median nerve
F) Musculocutaneous nerve
Question 12: Which nerve is associated with the quadrangular space in the shoulder region?
A) Suprascapular nerve
B) Axillary nerve
C) Radial nerve
D) Ulnar nerve
E) Median nerve
F) Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 13: Which artery accompanies the axillary nerve in the quadrangular space?
A) Suprascapular artery
B) Axillary artery
C) Subscapular artery
D) Brachial artery
E) Radial artery
F) Ulnar artery

Question 14: Which muscles are supplied by the axillary nerve?

A) Deltoid and teres minor
B) Supraspinatus and infraspinatus
C) Biceps brachii and brachialis
D) Flexor carpi radialis and palmaris longus
E) Pronator teres and flexor carpi ulnaris
F) Extensor digitorum and extensor carpi radialis longus

Question 15: What is the effect of an injury to the axillary nerve?

A) Paralysis of deltoid and teres minor muscles
B) Loss of sensation over the lower 1/2 of deltoid
C) Weakness in shoulder abduction
D) Deformity of the shoulder joint
E) Impaired blood supply to the arm
F) None of the above

Question 16: Which space transmits the circumflex scapular vessels?

A) Quadrangular space
B) Upper triangular space
C) Lower triangular space
D) Suprascapular space
E) Glenohumeral space
F) Subscapular space

Question 17: Which nerve passes through the spinoglenoid notch along with the
suprascapular artery?
A) Suprascapular nerve
B) Axillary nerve
C) Radial nerve
D) Ulnar nerve
E) Median nerve
F) Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 18: Which space transmits the radial nerve?

A) Quadrangular space
B) Upper triangular space
C) Lower triangular space
D) Suprascapular space
E) Glenohumeral space
F) Subscapular space

Question 19: Which artery is a branch from the axillary artery and passes through the lower
triangular space?
A) Suprascapular artery
B) Axillary artery
C) Subscapular artery
D) Brachial artery
E) Radial artery
F) Ulnar artery

Question 20: Which vessels are transmitted through the quadrangular space?
A) Axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral vessels
B) Suprascapular artery and suprascapular nerve
C) Radial nerve and profunda brachii artery
D) Ulnar nerve and ulnar artery
E) Median nerve and median artery
F) Musculocutaneous nerve and brachial artery

Answer Key:
1) A
2) A, B
3) A, B, C
4) A
5) B
6) F
7) C
8) F
9) F
10) B
11) A
12) B
13) B
14) A
15) A, B, C
16) B
17) A
18) C
19) C
20) A
AXILLA (ARMPIT)

Question 1:
What is the shape of the axilla?
A) Circular
B) Rectangular
C) Triangular
D) Oval

Question 2:
Which of the following is NOT a boundary of the axilla?
A) Pectoralis major muscle
B) Subscapularis muscle
C) Upper part of the humerus
D) Upper 5 ribs

Question 3:
Which wall of the axilla is related to the main vessels and nerves?
A) Anterior wall
B) Posterior wall
C) Lateral wall
D) Medial wall

Question 4:
What forms the base (floor) of the axilla?
A) Clavipectoral fascia
B) Upper border of the scapula
C) Skin and fascia of the axilla
D) Short head of biceps

Question 5:
Which of the following muscles forms the posterior axillary fold?
A) Pectoralis major
B) Pectoralis minor
C) Teres major
D) Latissimus dorsi

Question 6:
What are the contents of the axilla?
A) Cords and branches of brachial plexus
B) Axillary artery and its branches
C) Axillary lymph nodes
D) All of the above

Question 7:
Where does the axillary artery begin?
A) Outer border of the first rib
B) Apex of the axilla
C) Lower border of teres major
D) Subclavius muscle

Question 8:
What divides the axillary artery into three parts?
A) Pectoralis major muscle
B) Subscapularis muscle
C) Pectoralis minor muscle
D) Clavipectoral fascia

Question 9:
Which artery runs along the lower border of pectoralis minor?
A) Superior thoracic artery
B) Lateral thoracic artery
C) Subscapular artery
D) Anterior circumflex humeral artery

Question 10:
Where can the pulsations of the axillary artery be felt?
A) Midclavicular point
B) Medial side of the arm
C) Lower border of teres major
D) Outer border of the first rib

Question 11:
Where does the axillary vein begin?
A) Lower border of teres major
B) Apex of the axilla
C) Outer border of the first rib
D) Subclavius muscle

Question 12:
Which vein is NOT a tributary of the axillary vein?
A) Basilic vein
B) Cephalic vein
C) Subscapular vein
D) Venae comitantes of brachial artery

Question 13:
How many groups are the axillary lymph nodes arranged in?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5

Question 14:
Which group of axillary lymph nodes is located anteriorly?
A) Pectoral
B) Subscapular
C) Lateral
D) Central

Question 15:
What is the function of the axillary lymph nodes?
A) Drain lymph from the axilla
B) Supply blood to the axillary region
C) Transmit nerve impulses to the axilla
D) Store excess fat in the axilla

Question 16:
Which of the following statements about the axillary artery is FALSE?
A) It begins at the outer border of the first rib.
B) It ends at the lower border of teres major.
C) The pectoralis minor muscle divides it into three parts.
D) The anterior circumflex humeral artery is a branch of the axillary artery.

Question 17:
Which of the following statements about the axillary vein is TRUE?
A) It begins at the outer border of the first rib.
B) It ascends upwards along the medial side of the axillary artery.
C) It ends at the lower border of teres major.
D) The basilic vein is a tributary of the axillary vein.

Question 18:
Which artery passes with the axillary nerve through the quadrangular space?
A) Superior thoracic artery
B) Lateral thoracic artery
C) Subscapular artery
D) Posterior circumflex humeral artery

Question 19:
What is the function of the axillary fat?
A) Provide cushioning for the axillary structures
B) Generate heat to warm the axilla
C) Store nutrients for the axillary muscles
D) Aid in the movement of the axillary joints

Question 20:
What is the anatomical term for the connection between the axilla and the posterior triangle
of the neck?
A) Cervicoaxillary canal
B) Subclavius tunnel
C) Thoracic outlet
D) Axillary aperture
Answer Key:
1) C
2) C
3) C
4) C
5) D
6) D
7) A
8) C
9) B
10) B
11) A
12) A
13) D
14) A
15) A
16) D
17) B
18) D
19) A
20) A
Arm

Question 1:
Which compartments divide the arm into anterior and posterior sections?
A) Medial and lateral intermuscular septa
B) Superficial and deep compartments
C) Proximal and distal compartments
D) Dorsal and ventral compartments

Question 2:
Which muscles are part of the anterior compartment of the arm?
A) Coracobrachialis, biceps, and brachialis
B) Triceps
C) Deltoid, pectoralis major, and latissimus dorsi
D) Flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, and flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 3:
Which nerve supplies the muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm?
A) Musculocutaneous nerve
B) Radial nerve
C) Ulnar nerve
D) Median nerve

Question 4:
Which muscle is the most powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint?
A) Biceps brachii
B) Triceps brachii
C) Brachialis
D) Coracobrachialis

Question 5:
Which nerve supplies the triceps muscle in the posterior compartment of the arm?
A) Radial nerve
B) Musculocutaneous nerve
C) Ulnar nerve
D) Median nerve

Question 6:
Which nerve crosses the arm and gives no branches?
A) Ulnar nerve
B) Median nerve
C) Musculocutaneous nerve
D) Radial nerve

Question 7:
Which artery is responsible for supplying the arm?
A) Brachial artery
B) Radial artery
C) Ulnar artery
D) Axillary artery

Question 8:
Where does the brachial artery terminate?
A) Cubital fossa
B) Supinator fossa
C) Carpal tunnel
D) Anatomical snuffbox

Question 9:
Which nerve is located posterior to the upper part of the brachial artery?
A) Radial nerve
B) Musculocutaneous nerve
C) Ulnar nerve
D) Median nerve

Question 10:
Which nerve is medial to the upper part of the brachial artery?
A) Ulnar nerve
B) Median nerve
C) Musculocutaneous nerve
D) Radial nerve

Question 11:
Which nerve is accompanied by the superior ulnar collateral artery?
A) Ulnar nerve
B) Median nerve
C) Musculocutaneous nerve
D) Radial nerve

Question 12:
Which nerve passes through the coracobrachialis muscle and supplies the muscles in the
anterior compartment of the arm?
A) Musculocutaneous nerve
B) Ulnar nerve
C) Median nerve
D) Radial nerve

Question 13:
Which nerve crosses in front of the brachial artery in the middle of the arm?
A) Median nerve
B) Ulnar nerve
C) Musculocutaneous nerve
D) Radial nerve
Question 14:
Which nerve pierces the lateral intermuscular septum to enter the anterior compartment of
the arm?
A) Radial nerve
B) Ulnar nerve
C) Musculocutaneous nerve
D) Median nerve

Question 15:
Which nerve descends in a groove between the brachialis and brachioradialis muscles?
A) Radial nerve
B) Ulnar nerve
C) Musculocutaneous nerve
D) Median nerve

Question 16:
Which artery is the largest branch of the brachial artery?
A) Profunda brachii artery
B) Radial artery
C) Ulnar artery
D) Axillary artery

Question 17:
Which artery accompanies the ulnar nerve and passes behind the medial epicondyle of the
humerus?
A) Superior ulnar collateral artery
B) Inferior ulnar collateral artery
C) Radial artery
D) Brachial artery

Question 18:
Which artery divides into radial and ulnar arteries in the cubital fossa?
A) Brachial artery
B) Axillary artery
C) Subclavian artery
D) Popliteal artery

Question 19:
Which artery supplies the muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm?
A) Profunda brachii artery
B) Radial artery
C) Ulnar artery
D) Brachial artery

Question 20:
Which artery gives muscular branches to the triceps brachii and other muscles in the
posterior compartment of the arm?
A) Profunda brachii artery
B) Radial artery
C) Ulnar artery
D) Brachial artery

Answer Key:
1) A
2) A
3) A
4) A
5) A
6) A
7) A
8) A
9) A
10) A
11) A
12) A
13) A
14) A
15) A
16) A
17) A
18) A
19) A
20) A
The Forearm

1. The forearm is divided into:

a) Anterior / Flexor compartment
b) Posterior / Extensor compartment
c) Medial / Adductor compartment
d) Lateral / Abductor compartment

2. Which muscles are arranged in superficial and deep groups in the anterior compartment?
a) Flexor pollicis longus and flexor digitorum profundus
b) Pronator teres and flexor carpi radialis
c) Palmaris longus and flexor carpi ulnaris
d) Flexor digitorum superficialis and pronator quadratus

3. Which blood vessels supply the muscles of the anterior compartment?

a) Radial and ulnar arteries
b) Brachial and axillary arteries
c) Carotid and subclavian arteries
d) Femoral and popliteal arteries

4. The pronator teres muscle originates from:

a) Lateral epicondyle of humerus
b) Medial border of coronoid process of ulna
c) Supracondylar ridge of humerus
d) Medial epicondyle of humerus

5. Which nerve supplies the pronator teres muscle?

a) Radial nerve
b) Ulnar nerve
c) Median nerve
d) Musculocutaneous nerve

6. The flexor pollicis longus muscle originates from:

a) Anterior surface of shaft of radius
b) Posterior surface of shaft of ulna
c) Medial border of coronoid process of ulna
d) Lateral epicondyle of humerus

7. Which nerve supplies the flexor pollicis longus muscle?

a) Ulnar nerve
b) Radial nerve
c) Median nerve
d) Anterior interosseous branch of median nerve

8. The flexor digitorum profundus muscle originates from:

a) Anterior surface of shaft of radius
b) Medial epicondyle of humerus
c) Posterior border of ulna
d) Interosseous membrane of forearm

9. Which action is performed by the flexor digitorum profundus muscle?

a) Pronation of forearm
b) Flexion of the thumb
c) Flexion and adduction of hand at wrist joint
d) Flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joints

10. The flexor digitorum superficialis muscle originates from:

a) Medial epicondyle of humerus and oblique line on anterior surface of shaft of radius
b) Lateral epicondyle of humerus and oblique line on posterior surface of shaft of radius
c) Medial border of coronoid process of ulna and anterior surface of shaft of radius
d) Lateral border of coronoid process of ulna and anterior surface of shaft of ulna

11. Which nerve supplies the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle?

a) Ulnar nerve
b) Radial nerve
c) Median nerve
d) Brachial plexus

12. The pronator quadratus muscle originates from:

a) Anterior surface of the lower one-fourth of the ulna
b) Posterior surface of the lower one-fourth of the radius
c) Medial border of the coronoid process of ulna
d) Lateral border of the coronoid process of ulna

13. Which nerve supplies the pronator quadratus muscle?

a) Radial nerve
b) Ulnar nerve
c) Median nerve
d) Anterior interosseous nerve

14. What is the chief function of the flexor retinaculum?

a) Flexion of the wrist joint
b) Prevention of separation of radius and ulna
c) Conversion of the anterior surface of the carpus into the carpal tunnel
d) Reinforcement of the deep fascia

15. Which structures are found in the cubital fossa?

a) Median nerve, brachial artery, biceps tendon, and radial nerve
b) Median nerve, ulnar artery, triceps tendon, and radial nerve
c) Radial nerve, brachial artery, biceps tendon, and ulnar nerve
d) Ulnar nerve, brachial artery, biceps tendon, and radial artery

16. What are the borders of the cubital fossa?

a) Medial: brachioradialis muscle
b) Lateral: pronator teres muscle
c) Base: imaginary horizontal line between the epicondyles of the humerus
d) Apex: meeting point of the medial and lateral borders

17. Which muscle forms the floor of the cubital fossa in the upper part?
a) Brachialis
b) Supinator
c) Pronator quadratus
d) Flexor carpi ulnaris

18. The median nerve leaves the cubital fossa by passing between which two muscles?
a) Pronator teres
b) Brachialis
c) Brachioradialis
d) Flexor carpi ulnaris

19. Where does the brachial artery split into the radial and ulnar arteries?
a) Cubital fossa
b) Axilla
c) Antecubital region
d) Popliteal fossa

20. Which nerve lies in front of the supinator muscle and is overlapped by the brachioradialis
muscle?
a) Ulnar nerve
b) Radial nerve
c) Median nerve
d) Musculocutaneous nerve

Answer Key:
1. a) Anterior / Flexor compartment
2. d) Flexor digitorum superficialis and pronator quadratus
3. a) Radial and ulnar arteries
4. d) Medial epicondyle of humerus
5. c) Median nerve
6. a) Anterior surface of shaft of radius
7. c) Median nerve
8. d) Interosseous membrane of forearm
9. c) Flexion and adduction of hand at wrist joint
10. a) Medial epicondyle of humerus and oblique line on anterior surface of shaft of radius
11. c) Median nerve
12. a) Anterior surface of the lower one-fourth of the ulna
13. d) Anterior interosseous nerve
14. c) Conversion of the anterior surface of the carpus into the carpal tunnel
15. a) Median nerve, brachial artery, biceps tendon, and radial nerve
16. a) Medial: brachioradialis muscle
17. a) Brachialis
18. a) Pronator teres
19. a) Cubital fossa
20. b) Radial nerve