Full Chapter Group-7

SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT RESEARCHERS 1
SHARED PERSPECTIVE IN ELECTRONIC WALLET

SCAMMING OF SELECTED BUSINESS OWNERS
IN BARANGAY SINALHAN
Presented to the
School Research Council of
In Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Subject
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
By
LORENTE, NICA
MIRA, PAULEEN
MENDOZA, YBON
RECONA, MHEL VINCENT
VALENZUELA, LINDSAY
VALERIO, JANINE
June 2023
APPROVAL SHEET
This research entitled “SHARED PERSPECTIVE IN ELECTRONIC WALLET

SCAMMING OF SELECTED BUSINESS OWNERS IN BARANGAY SINALHAN”
prepared by LORENTE NICA, MENDOZA YBON, MIRA PAULEEN, RECONA
MHEL VINCENT, VALENZUELA LINDSAY and VALERIO JANINE has been
examined and hereby recommended for approval and acceptance.
MYLYN F. BATITIS, MAEd

Research Teacher
Panel Examiners
Accepted and approved in fulfillment of the requirements for PRACTICAL

RESEARCH 1.
CRISTINA F. MANEJABLE, MAEd ENGR. DIEGO JAY G. VASQUEZ

Member Member
RAYMOND RICHARD A. MAGAN, EdD

Chairman
Accepted in fulfillment of the requirements for PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1.
FRENCIE B. CENON, MAEd MA. CRISTINA C. PEGOLLO

Research Coordinator Principal II
CERTIFICATION OF ORIGINALITY
This is to certify that the research work presented in this study, SHARED
PERSPECTIVE IN ELECTRONIC WALLET SCAMMING OF SELECTED BUSINESS
OWNERS IN BARANGAY SINALHAN for the course Practical Research 1 at Sinalhan
Integrated High School embodies the result of original and scholarly work carried out by
undersigned. This research study does not contain words or ideas taken from published
sources or written works that have been accepted where proper referencing and
acknowledgement were made.
LORENTE, NICA
MENDOZA, YBON
MIRA, PAULEEN
VALENZUELA, LINDSAY
VALERIO, JANINE
June 28, 2023

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The preparation and completion of this research study were made possible and
meaningful through the help and guidance of the following people, to whom the
proponents give great appreciation and gratitude:
To Mylyn F. Batitis, the researchers’ teacher, for the honest criticism, patience,
guidance, and understanding for the accomplishment of the study.
To Leonily B. Alegria, the researchers’ adviser, for giving support, Validation and
judgements toward the betterment of the study.
To all the professors of the Sinalhan Integrated High School who became a
guiding instrument.
To the panel of examiners for giving their time and effort into providing the best
insight and criticism which made this study accurate and proved to be of great quality.
To the participants who provided an amount of their time to cooperate and
answer the interview questions.
To other research leaders that served as their support and source of ideas to
complete this study.
To the researchers' parents, who bestowed love, kindness, and unfailing support
in every step of their lives who patiently reminded and guided them to do the right things
for their benefit.
And above all, to Almighty God, for granting the ability to successfully progress
the research paper and for his unwavering presence to become the source of strength a
midst difficult and challenging times. He taught them the valuable lessons of hard work.
ABSTRACT
Title SHARED PERSPECTIVE IN ELECTRONIC WALLET SCAMMING

:
OF SELECTED STORE OWNERS IN BARANGAY SINALHAN
Authors LORENTE, NICA

MENDOZA, YBON
MIRA, PAULEEN
:
VALENZUELA, LINDSAY
VALERIO, JANINE
Strand : Accountancy, Buisness and Management
School : Sinalhan Integrated High School
Adviser : Mylyn F. Batitis, MAEd
Keywords Electronic Wallet
Business Owners
:
Scamming
Shared Perspective
ABSTRACT
The research titled shared perspective in electronic wallet scamming of selected
business owners in Barangay Sinalhan main objective is to identify the prevalent cases of
the scamming that occurs in the said barangay. Identifying the strategies used by
fraudsters was also the purpose of the research, in that way the awareness of other
starting business owners would be raised significantly. Electronic wallets are apps that are
used to store money and pay online.

This topic is already a problem before, during and after the pandemic, but the
cases bloom starting on the pandemic when online businesses are out for the trend. The
study adopted the qualitative design and phenomenology approach to gather information
using interview guide questions. To choose the subject as representation of the
population, the study used purposive sampling and considered the amount scammed, the
experience that these victims were able to share, and the location.
The results of the study shows that some of the reasons behind scamming are
being too inexperience and having unwise decisions and attraction towards bigger
business. Despite experiencing the scams by owners, themselves, some strategies still
remain uncovered and unidentified. The emergence of electronic wallets comes along with
both benefits and drawbacks.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title……………………………………………………………………………..…...…..1
Approval Sheet ……………………………………………..…………..………….…..2
Certification….……………………………………………………………..……..……3
Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………..……….4
Abstract……………………………………………………………..…………………..5
Table of Contents……………………………………………………………..………..7
List of Figures………………………………………………………………………….10
List of Tables………………………………………………………………………...…10
Chapter 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND...………………...………11
Introduction……………………………………………………………….......11
Theoretical Framework …………………………………………......………..14
Research Question………….…………………..………….………………….15
Scope and Delimitation………………………………….……………………16
Significance of the Study……………………………………………………..17
Definition of Terms………………………………………………….……….18
Chapter 2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE……………………………....19
Title of the Theme…………………………………………….……………….19
Title of the Theme...………………………..………………………………….20
Title of the Theme …………………………..………………………………...21
General Synthesis of the Reviewed Literature………………………….…..…22

Chapter 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY……………………………………..….23
Research Design…………………………………………............……………23
Research Locale……………………………………………………………….23
Population and Sampling….……..……………………...…………………….24
Participants of the Study…………….…………….…………………………..24
Data Gathering Procedure……………………………………………………..24
Instrument……………………………………………………………………..25
Validation of Instrument………………………………………………………25
Ethical Considerations………………………………………….…………..…26
Treatment of Qualitative Data………………………………..……………….26
Chapter 4: ANALYSIS AND RESULTS……………………………….…….…..….27
Years, Duration and Occurrence………………………………...……………41
Visible and Observable.....…………………………………………………....42
Psychological Effect.........................................................................................43
Undetermined...................................................................................................44
Trouble Factors................................................................................................44
Technological Terms……………………………………………………....…45
Process and Actions………………………………………………………….45
Beneficial Factors……………………………………………………………46
Chapter 5: CONSOLIDATED CONCLUSION AND

RECOMMENDATIONS…………………………………………....………….…….47
Conclusion……………………………………………………….…………...47
Recommendations………………………………………………………........51
References…………………………………………….....……………………….…….52
Appendices…………………………………………………………......……….……...55
Appendix A Letter of Validation……………………………………………….
Appendix B Letter to Participants………………………………………………
Appendix C Research Instrument………………………………...……....….55
Appendix D Transcription……..………………………………………….....57
Appendix E Curriculum Vitae…………………………………….….......….65

LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE PAGE
A Theoretical Framework 17
B Emerging Themes 42
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE PAGE
1 The Type of Business the Participant Owns 27
2 The Duration of Participants ‘Years in Business 28
3 The Type of E-wallet Participants Use for Business Transaction 30
4 The Year Scamming Occurred to the Business 31

5 The Consequence that the Emergence of E-wallet Brought 32
6 The Strategies Used by the Fraudsters 33
7 The Measurements Participants do to Avoid the Fraud Schemes 34
8 The Opinions on how can Scamming be Avoided 35
9 The Effect of Scamming in the Business and to the Owner 37
10 Speculated Reason Why These Participants is Chosen as a 38
Target
Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
This chapter contains the overall background of the research to provide further
more clarifications to the benefits and problems of the study.
Background of the Study
Scamming is an event where two sides gain and lose, be scammed or be the
scammer. This event is common in the business world since a lot of people chose to start
a business but what they don’t know is that they’re vulnerable due to their inexperience.
Scamming is well known all over the world and there’s a different type of scamming, it can
be either online or physical.
Many people in this generation prefers using e-wallet, because it gives
convenience. Although that is, many still disagree, especially now there’s increasing case
of scamming. Online scamming is a type of fraud that involves tricking individuals into
transferring money or making deposits into a fraudulent account. This type of scam can
occur through various means, including email, social media, phone calls, or text
messages. Scammers use fake websites or social media to lure victims into making a
payment for these goods, which are never delivered. Most digital wallets can be connected
to traditional bank accounts.
It is important to be aware of the signs of e-wallet scams and to take steps to
protect yourself from falling victim to these fraudulent activities. This type of scam,
electronic wallet scamming, are common in our own community as well. As technology
upgrades business owners tends to rely on it but this choice may result to either
convenience or inconvenience.
Digital wallets enable faster, more convenient, and more secure transactions. This
help reduce the risk of fraud and other security threats. Digital wallets also help users
manage their finances more effectively. It is becoming more and more popular among
consumers. A digital wallet eliminates the need to carry around a physical wallet for
transactions, users will be able to send money to friends and family around the world. A
digital wallet eliminates the need for a bank account for transactions. E-wallet help
developing countries participate in global financial markets.
The internet and digital infrastructure play an important role in our day-to-day live,
and it has also a huge impact on the organizations and how we do business transactions
every day (Mohamed, 2020).
A scam is a fraudulent message sent to the mailboxes or e-mails of internet users
is referred to as a "scam." However, until this day, no effective method has been offered
to identify scams. Many methods have been proposed to filter out unsolicited messages
known as "spam." When scam messages resemble the typical ham more than spam,
almost all machine learning-based spam filters will label them as hams. 'Ham'
communications, which are also known as legal messages (Haghshenas, Mokhtari &
Saraee, 2008).
In the Republic Act. Article 1338, if fraud is an influence factor, the error caused by
fraud will always vitiate consent. In the Article 1331, if the error or mistake refers to: (1)
the substance of the thing which is the object of the contract, it will not vitiate the
agreement; (2) to those who, to a significant extent, persuaded one or both parties to enter
into the contract; (3) this refers to the identity or qualifications of one of the parties which
was the main cause of the contracts.

In the Barangay of Sinalhan, store owners that uses e-wallet such as gcash,
paymaya and more apps continuous to multiply and most of the youths uses their
advantage in technology to deceive these owners who are just trying to keep up with the
advancing form of technology. As a preliminary interview, the researchers ask information
to some of their classmates and citizens of the barangay to prove that scamming do really
exist in the barangay of Sinalhan.
The purpose of this study is to highlight the types of tactics that con artists employ
to fulfill their goals. The study can also be used as a reference for business owners,
entrepreneurs, and people who want to start a business because it increases the likelihood
that victims will be able to tell whether the person having transaction with is trustworthy.
so that by being prepared for the scenario, the existence of scamming can be reduced or
perhaps entirely eliminated the likelihood of being duped instead of continuing to grow and
threat the balance of economy.
The importance of conducting this research is to share what kind of strategies do
scammers use in order to achieve their desires. The study can also serve as guide for
entrepreneurs, business owners and for those who plan to start a business, with this study
there’s a higher possibility of them being able to identify whether the person they’re talking
to is someone trustworthy. So, that targeted victims can lessen or even avoid completely
the odds of getting deceived by means of having knowledge on how to handle the
situation. Also, to understand the participants' perspective on electronic wallet scam, such
as the participants response after being scammed by through electronic wallet, and to
provide them with some guidance on what to do next time they are victimized by a similar
scam using an electronic wallet.

Theoretical Framework
Scamming has a worldwide effect on the business industry. This portion of the
research will show the connection between the past theories to the current issues. The
theories are Fraud Diamond Theory, Consumer Vulnerability to Scam, and Elder Scam.
The first theory is Fraud Diamond Theory, it is concluded that fraudulent acts can
be carried out in the presence and basis of pressure, opportunity, rationalization and
capability. These are four major influences to commit a fraud (Wolfe & Hermanson 2004).
The second theory which is Consumers Vulnerability to Scams is a theory that is
based on consumer or owners’ response to fraud with the factors of self-control, influence
gullibility and knowledge about scamming (Langenderfer, & Shimp, 2001).
The last theory is The Elder Scams, the patterns of online victimizations from
younger to old generation. The use technological advantage to trick elder who has less
consciousness on technology than them (Parti, 2022).
Figure 1. Graphical Representation of the Theoretical Framework.

The figure above shows the study’s theoretical framework. The figure shows more
of cycle or process on how, what, and why scamming happens. All of these theories are
connected to our study showing that scamming has a flow and how can fraudsters skillfully
pick a vulnerable target, specially the elder one’s who are having a hard time keeping up
in the 21st century.
Research Question
The objective of the study is to present the lived experience of the selected
participants on electronic scamming and raise awareness for other businesses in
Barangay Sinalhan.
Central Question
What are the shared perspectives in electronic wallet scamming of selected
business owners of Barangay Sinalhan?
Corollary Questions
Particularly, the study aims to give acknowledgement to the following questions:
1. How do the participants describe their experience in electronic wallet
scamming?
2. What themes emerged from the testimonies of the participants?

Scope and Delimitations of the Study
The study’s objective is to spread the shared perspective in electronic wallet
scamming of selected store owners here in the Barangay of Sinalhan.
This study focuses on the population of business owners who have become victims
of e-wallet scams, by interviewing selected participants, the incident will be more apparent
and how the event may affect their business and trust issues. The researchers' study finds
out how the participants were scammed and what was the fraudsters' strategy to defraud
a store.
The participants of the study are 5 selected persons who has experience in e-wallet
scamming to represent as a sample for increasing number of business owners that are
becoming the victims of scams. The research take place in our own community, Barangay
Sinalhan, City of Santa Rosa Laguna. Sinalhan is a barangay near a lake, so fishing is
one of the means of living in this area. The researchers chose this locale, aside from being
convenient, starting a business in this area is common, having that said the cases of
scamming is rapidly increasing. Through this research the awareness of business and
store owners in our own community should be more improved.
To be precise, by conducting this research the researchers can identify the strategies
used by scammers. The study is specifically focused on e-wallet type of scams. The
participants of our study are those who use e-wallets as a medium for their cash flow. As
the title indicates our study will only cover the type of scamming that occur to electronic
wallets, furthermore scamming type would not be a part of our study.

Since the researchers are interviewed certain number of peoples, the information’s
gathered might be distinct from others. The participants could have different answers by
the reason of having various experiences dealing with scams. With that, the proponents
do not consider this research as a perfectly accurate basis.
Significance of the Study
Through this research, the rising cases of scamming can decrease drastically by
means of sharing the perspective and experience of the selected participants of the study.
The study aims to be beneficial to the following:
Business Owners. The study will develop entrepreneurs to adjust to the current
scamming issues. The outcome of the study can provide information’s from other
entrepreneurs’ perspective and experience of how manipulative scammers can be in the
business industry.
Customers. The study does not only aim to help entrepreneurs and business
owners. Since, customers are also prone to scamming, our gathered information can
definitely be handy at times. Dealing with these frauds can be troublesome as they are
great with their skill into deceiving their targets.
Students. The conducted research can serve as guide for students, aspiring
entrepreneurs or ABM students to be precise. With study’s findings, students can have a
better chance of improving and learning the cautions and danger of scamming before
entering the business world.

Researchers. The study will also benefit the subsequent students or researchers
for the study to be use as a reference. Aside, it will also be able to contribute to the
society’s existing study’s by adding the data that the researchers are able to gather.
The output of the study is going to be a collaboration of ABM and ICT students to
discuss and develop a program that can verify the credibility of an owner and customer.
This may be possible with the knowledge of the researchers to the strategies used by
fraudsters collaborating with knowledge of ICT students in programing.
Definition of Terms
Electronic Wallet. A payment system that keeps the user’s money information. In
the study, it is defined as online app that can used to store money without the burden of
carrying actual wallet.
Fraudulent Intent. Using certain bogus accounts to hack another account and
take the money from them, a representation is made with reckless disregard for whether
it is true or not. The strong intent of someone into tricking or deceiving their targets as their
advantage.
Internet Scamming. This involves a cybercriminal luring victims into sending
money to them or making deposits into a fake account in exchange for their personal
information or something luxurious. It describes the scamming with the use of electronic
wallets and communicating online with their targets.
Shared Perspective. understanding others person’s point of view. Identifies as
the familiarity of the participants in a particular event that already ones occurred to them
and to share knowledge and also their takeaways.

Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter considers the related literature like articles and books in which the
researchers considered helpful in development of the research. This chapter would also
serve as a supporting structure to the research.
Electronic Wallet: New Normal
Ecommerce or electronic commerce has been the norm for the better part of last
year and it still is a huge draw until now. In hindsight, with electronic commerce comes
electronic wallets. This eliminates the decreasing use of physical money by using digital
wallets to pay for their services (Fuertes Jr. 2021).
E-wallet help simplify the experience, reduce cost, and to clear fees that are
usually charged. It is also a great solution for those who need to send money from anyone
which is away (Skrill, 2022). A virtual or cashless service with the use of gadgets known
as an electronic wallet is used to replace actual currency or physical money (Abdullah &
Redzuan, 2020).
Digital wallets’ role will continue to grow in the coming years. The
smartphones, tablets, and wearables already play a significant part in the lives of billions
of people around the world. Digital wallet adoption will increase as end-user convenience
and security improve (Ghandour 2022).
Digital wallets are a key to electronic commerce, providing an accessible alternative
to traditional financial systems. These apps work like bank accounts for people without
access to bank accounts, allowing users to make payments, store funds, and transfer
money to other users' financial accounts. Digital wallets will continue to grow in the coming
years, increasing end-user convenience and security.

Internet Frauds or Online Scamming
Internet scams are different methodologies of Fraud, facilitated by cybercriminals
on the Internet. The scams can be performed in many ways, phishing emails on the
Internet, text messages to cell phone, fake tech support calls, scareware and more. Theft
of credit cards, stealing user login and password credentials, and even identity theft are
all common goals of these scams. (NortonLifeLock, 2021).
Although it is called benefit this has a significant negative impact to a reason of
having poor decisions (Foster, Hurriyati and Johansyah, 2022). People with higher
incomes likely to take more risks than people with lower incomes (Grable, 2000).
“The Emotional Impact of Scams: What Victims Experience” (Freedman. 2019).
Internet fraud may be determined as any scheme using one or more of the
components of the internet such as online chat, email, web site to publish fake requests,
conduct fraudulent transactions and transmit proceeds obtained by fraud. (NC State
University, 2023)
“The current trend that we are seeing infers that the increase would likely continue
beyond the pandemic” (Melivo, 2021).
Internet scamming are transactions that occur online but ended as a one-sided
win. The variety performing of these scams are not limited to one strategy as fraudsters
gets creative to their schemes. Online scamming exploded in the 2-year duration of the
pandemic and the biggest factor are the convenience of internet itself to provide. Business
owners and entrepreneurs adopted the so called “new normal” but the population of
scammer emerges at the same time as well.

Electronic Wallet Scamming
Scammers have adapted their tactics to exploit the rapid and often anonymous
availability of cash they provide, as consumers are becoming more comfortable using peer
to peer (P2P) applications on a daily basis. Their ease and convenience make them
appealing to consumers, but their general lack of user protections is precisely what makes
these services attractive to fraudsters. Using the app, the scam artists will offer to pay for
the product. Once the seller accepts the payment and sends the item, then soon discover
that the payment sent is not to a legitimate buyer, and the money collected is removed
from their account. The seller is then without either the item or the money (State of
Michigan, 2023).
To obtain trust from the group leader and its members, scam artists behave as if
they belong to a group. By investing in the group leader, others are also going to invest
(Skrmetti, 2022). hackers can steal money or make purchases using stored payment
information. The risk can be huge if users do not follow the best practices (Yadav, 2022).
Scams can be based on victim’s response to the fraud scheme (Wiley & Sons,
2021). E-wallet transactions are somewhat riskier than credit card transactions since they
may not be protected by the consumer protections offered by banks for credit card
transactions (Conn, 2022).
Electronic wallet scamming is the proper term for scamming that occurs online.
Specifically, the scams that online applications like paymaya, gcash and more are
involved. This is due to the overuse, lack of protection to the app itself and lack of
experience and knowledge of the user as well. Online transactions have less clarity
compared to the tradition meeting making it more misleading.

General Synthesis
To conclude everything, the worldwide use of electronic wallet brings benefits and
risk to its users. According to Fuertes Jr., the appearance of electronic wallet eliminates
the use physical money and using certain apps to pay instead. Electronic wallet’s role will
continue to grow in the upcoming years and it is anticipated that the use of e-wallets will
soon replace banks. But along with it, is the risk of online scamming which is a cybercrime
activity which occur all over the internet.
The 2-year pandemic due to Covid-19 opens up a lot of opportunities to business
owners who are always going along with the trend, this applies to fraudsters as well.
Internet scamming is a modern scheme which include the use of one’s technological
advantage and knowledge to deceive. The internet such as online chat, email, web site to
publish fake requests are used as the medium of transaction.
Electronic wallet scamming, as the main variable of the study, is the main focus. It
includes the use of apps that are usually used to store money instead of storing it in a
bank. E-wallet users are constantly rising until today as there is no denying to the
convenience and benefit that these applications bring. Business owners and store owner
are slowly shifting e-wallets as their major medium of cash flow such as business
transactions. The scams that occur in electronic wallet are usually connected to online
sellers who endorse and sell their products online. Using the social media to attract
potential customers also attracts scammers.
.
Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research methodology. This chapter shows the
procedure and techniques that the researchers used to identify the information needed
about the topic.
Research Design
This study adopted qualitative design and phenomenology as its approach.
Qualitative Research is a method of gathering and analyzing non-numerical data for the
purpose of understanding concepts, opinions and experiences.
Phenomenology approach is a qualitative process aimed at understanding and
describing the common essence of phenomena (Biemel & Spiegelberg, 2023). This
approach allowed the researchers to gather data on the experiences of business people
and entrepreneurs in terms of scamming. Essentially, phenomenology studies lived
experiences and the participants perspective in order to gain a better understanding of
how people understand these experiences. The researchers used descriptive
phenomenology as it is the most common and will be used to describe the meaning of the
experience.
Research Locale
The study is conducted in Barangay Sinalhan. Barangay Sinalhan was the perfect
location for the study because it allows the researchers to gather a lot of useful information
on the scams experienced by the electronic wallet users needed for the study. This is
because most store owners in Barangay Sinalhan uses electronic wallet in their business
transactions. Barangay Sinalhan is located in Sta. Rosa, Laguna. This Barangay is known
for being near Laguna de bay or Laguna Lake.

Population and Sampling
Purposive sampling is utilized by the researchers to choose their subjects. To be
considered, a population member must have relevant experience and be well-versed in
the field. Knowing whether if the study will have a vast population or only one group is also
important. Overall, the use of purposive sampling allowed the researchers to gather rich
and informational data that can assist future students and decision-making. The use of
specific criteria, such as having been the victim of an electronic wallet scam, ensured that
the participants had relevant experiences and perspectives to share.
Participants of the Study
The five (5) selected participants in the study are business owners in the area of
Barangay Sinalhan. Store Owners or Operators that have the option of making payment
by electronic means or digital wallet for transactions carried out in the store on a regular
basis. The experience of scamming in electronic-wallet matter is also a requirement for a
specific participant to be selected.
Data-Gathering Procedure
The researchers presented a letter of request to conduct an interview for the study
that is approved by the teachers and professionals inside the Sinalhan Integrated
Highschool (SIHS). The researchers conducted an individual interview with the selected
retail store owners that have a mode of payment by electronic means. The researchers
also requested the participants to answer the prepared questions with all honesty. The
researchers clarified the importance of the participants answers to the prepared questions
for the study. In this study, the researchers' aim is to understand a victim of fraudulent
activity such as a scam point of view and how it affected the participants business. After
the participants answer the prepared questions, the researchers collected and organized
the data for interpretation.

Instrument
This study used semi-structured interview guide questions, which is commonly used
type of interview in qualitative type of research. Semi-structured interview is method of
collecting data that relies on asking questions, semi-structured are often open-ended and
flexible allowing the participants to share opinions (George, 2022). Using the semi-
structure interview method, the participants’ response would not be only limited to the
question.
This type of interview will give the participant freedom to express their answers and
give opinions and insights about the topic and not only the question. This gives the
participants opportunity to share their experiences without having limits. The interview
consists of 10 questions.
Validation of the Instrument
The instrument is given to selected professionals for a validation, the chosen
validators consist of an English teacher, a Certified Public Accountant, and a Research
teacher. This process assures that the grammar, use of words, relevance of the study and
its connection to the strand the researchers take are aligned with research that are about
to be conducted is checked and approved by professionals. The method is usually
composed of a dialogue between researchers and participants guided by the flexible
interview protocol which includes follow up questions, investigations or comments. Despite
its usefulness for researchers who are not familiar with qualitative approaches,
asynchronous interviews can be intimidating and challenging (DeJonckheere & Vaughn
2013). The approach often entails a conversation between researchers and participants
that is steered by a customizable interview process that may include analysis, remarks, or
follow-up questions.
Ethical Considerations
The researchers applied ethical principle in this study. By applying the principles of
ethics, the protection and privacy of the participants is secured. The researchers also
assures that the data collected are based on truth and the opinion of participants. Any
form of false information and biased statements were avoided. Consents are obtained
from the participants before conducting the interview to avoid misunderstandings.
Voluntary participation of the participants would lead to having less issues.
Treatment of Qualitative Data
This study adopted the use of thematic analysis. Thematic analysis is the most
common type of analysis used in qualitative type of research. Thematic analysis is used
for analyzing the data carefully to identify and turn the data into a form of important
information (Smith, 2020).
The data that the researchers gathered from the participants through conducting an
interview is recorded, diligently examined and incorporated before interpreting the all the
statements as a whole.
The following are the steps in the study’s data gathering:
Step 1: Recording – The entire interview session is recorded through a gadget for
documentation purposes. This would allow not any single information to slip.
Step 2: Examination – The data gathered through the recorded interview are all
examined carefully and diligently to avoid any issues and misinterpretations. The
researchers put close attention to every detail.
Step 3: Incorporating – After analyzing the data, the researchers combined all the
collected information into a statement to be used in the study’s findings.
Step 4: Interpreting – When all of the interview’s information are combined, the
researchers’ transcript the raw data and that are used to reach the goal of the study.
Chapter 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter presents the descriptive results of the conducted interview which is
gathered from the participants’ responses. It also provides the researcher with
examinations and interpretation.
Central Question:
What is the shared perspective in electronic wallet scamming of selected business
owners in Barangay Sinalhan?
Corollary Question 1:
How do the participants describe their experiences in e-wallet scamming?
Interview Question 1: What type of business do you own, online or physical store?
Table 1: The Type of Business the Participant Owns
Participants Response Codes
Participant 1 “Tindahan” Store

Participant 2 “Pisikal na tindahan” Shop
Participant 3 “Pisikal na tindahan, ano eh Boutique

parang damitan parang ganun”
Participant 4 ‘Construction business” Construction
Participant 5 “Pisikal” Physical Shop
ANALYSIS
According to the data the researchers acquired, the participants have a variety of
physical businesses, including brick-and-mortar stores, which are retail establishments
that need real space to show and sell goods. Some are just sari-sari stores or convenient
store.
The first and second participants' businesses are examples of stores and shops
where customers can get whatever is needed right away and there are no shipping fees.
It could be alluring to visit the store and depart with purchase if one’s wanted to cross
things off in shopping list quickly. The third participants operate a boutique, a small retail
store selling clothing, fabric, and accessories. The fourth is a building or business
operation. and the last is a physical business, much like the prior to other participants.
EVIDENCE
The existence of electronic wallet will arise even more in the upcoming years.
Adopting to this trend increases in both convenience and security, and as the gadgets
already a significant part of lifestyle, using it to run a business is clearly beneficial
(Ghandour, 2022).
Interview Question 2: How long have you been running your business?
Table 2: The Duration of Participants’Years in Business
Participant 1 “10 years na…… 11 years” 11 years

Participant 2 “Mag two and a half years” 2.5 years
Participant 3 “Di ko mabilang kung ano, parang 35 years

35 years? Ganun kasi parang
dyan ako nag boom”
Participant 4 “Isang taon pa lang” 1 year
Participant 5 “Ano, mga mag dadalawang 2 years

taon”
ANALYSIS
It has been years since the participants started running a business, according to
the data gathered regarding how long their business have been operating. More than half
has a less than 5 years of experience in running a store and may be the reason to their
so-called vulnerability and unwise decisions. But even with the fact that the other two has
more than ten years’ experience are still a victim means scam are broad. 35 years in
business is an extremely long time which shown that are still not enough experience to
easily identify fraud schemes, specifically means that having vast experience grants
protection against scamming.
One participant has been operating their construction company for a year; another
has been doing so for two and a half years; another has been operating their shop for
eleven years; and the longest respondent has been operating their boutique for 35 years.
Since the majority of the participants are not yet used to existence of electronic wallets, it
is probably that these owners have never encountered frauds while using that electronic
wallet in the past. Experience from business and experience from actual scamming itself
are two different things to get lesson from.
EVIDENCE
Scams can be based on customer or business owners’ response to the fraud act
with the factors of self-control, influence, gullibility and knowledge about scamming which
can be earned through experience and having various transaction this is all according the
study conducted and published by Wiley & Sons in the year of 2021.
Interview Question 3: What type of e-wallet do you use for business transactions?
Table 3: The Type of E-wallet Participants Use for Business Transaction
Participant 1 “Both, parehas, parehong gcash Paymaya

tsaka paymaya. Kahit bawal sa
paymaya ang laman ng gcash,
wala talo na siya sa gcash”
Participant 2 “Eto, Cellphone ba or yung ano? Globe Telecom
App? Oo gcash lang”
Participant 3 “Oo, gcash. Three hundred fifty G-cash only
thousand yung winidraw ko yun
sa bangko na ano ko eh, na
blackout”
Participant 4 ‘Gcash tapos ano Bank Transfer” Bank Transfer
Participant 5 “gcash” G-cash
ANALYSIS
The researchers' data shows that majority of the owners uses gcash. Due to
convenience and potential profits, store owners gamble by joining the trend of digital
currency. Gcash, being the most known electronic wallet throughout the Philippines offer
great amount of success to other shops.
According to the participants, their business uses gcash for the transaction. And,
through gcash, transaction is simple but with a risk of getting scammed. Using two type of
electronic wallet is one key as well, this makes larger audience or customers.
EVIDENCE
Ecommerce or electronic commerce has been norm for the better part of last year
and it still is a huge draw until now. In hindsight, with electronic commerce comes
electronic wallet. This eliminates the decreasing use of physical money by using digital
wallets to pay their services (Fuertes Jr., 2021).

Interview Question 4: What year did the scamming occur on you/your business?
Table 4: The Year Scamming Occurred to the Business

Participant 1 “Scam… bago mag pandemic” Before Pandemic
Participant 2 “Sikreto kasi pero nito lang, this This Year
year lang”
Participant 3 “Ilang taon? Ahh kailan ba parang Recently
mga 3 weeks? Three months
palang? Oo three months, month
of ano month of march ganun”
Participant 4 ‘Nito lang 2023, last month lang” 2023
Participant 5 “Parang ngayong taon lang ata Last year
mga december”
ANALYSIS
The most noticeable attitude of the participants is being controversial. These
owners tend to discuss the topic in public to avoid widespread specially on the year or
when the scamming occurred. The provided years are crucial part of their bad histories.
First thing to breakdown is that majority of the year are alarming since most of it
happened recently, this year and months ago. One response declared that scamming
occurred before pandemic which is not the era of e-commerce. This means that as the
technology grows, fraudsters continue to take advantage of it which also cause an
unexpected turn of events.
EVIDENCE
“The current trend that we are seeing infers that the increase of cases in scam
would most likely continue beyond pandemic” are the exact statement which is directly
stated by Melivo on the year of 2021, and will be the biggest evidence to support this
table.
Interview Question 5: How do the emergence of e-wallet brought convenience or
inconvenience to your enterprise?
Table 5: The Consequence that the Emergence of E-wallet Brought

Participant 1 “Para sa mga paymaya user Difficult
nahirapan kami syempre kasi
yung paymaya namin bumagsak”
Participant 2 “Malaking tulong kasi maraming Convenient
nagpapa gcash may kita naman
diyan kahit paano”
Participant 3 “Every day kumikita ako nun Profitable
parang five hundred a day, one
thousand a day, malaki”
Participant 4 ‘Madali ang transaksyon” Simple
Participant 5 “Nakatulong siya kasi ano kapag Interest
may nagpapa gcash may charge
din yon kaya kumikita rin”
ANALYSIS
The emergence of e-wallet throughout the world brings a lot of benefit such as the
convenience and most of the app being accessible. The response of the participants gives
this statement a support as business can be implemented by just having it. As an example,
G-cash, which are already prevalent are almost at every store
A participant elaborated the e-commerce brings convenience as it popular and
customers often do transaction with it, in addition it is most likely profitable as there is
something called interest for every cash in or cash out. It is also stated that transaction is
easier with the use of e-wallet or, gcash specifically. But of course, there is also some
drawbacks, as stated in the table above it is difficult for the reason of having less customer
for paymaya users.

EVIDENCE
The popularity of electronic wallet is divided by its effect, the benefits and risks.
Depending on the user’s satisfaction, risk perception has a positive effect such as being
aware. Meanwhile, although it is called benefits this has a significant negative impact for
a reason of poor decisions (Foster, Hurriyati and Johansyah, 2022).
Interview Question 6: Were you able to identify the strategies used by the fraudster?
Table 6: The Strategies Used by the Fraudsters

Participant 1 “Hindi, hindi rin naming alam” Unidentified
Participant 2 “Yung isang lalaki nag cash in ng OTP
three hundred nga tapos maya-
maya kunyari pinicturan niya,
siguro nung pinipicturan niya
nakita niya yung OTP”
Participant 3 “Cellphone ng kaibigan ko Unknown Identity
ginamit niya, ayun tinry niya kunin
yung loob ko na magpadala ka
sakin mag send ka”
Participant 4 “Halimbawa paymaya, yung ang Mysterious Number
nakalagay sa message, pero ang
kanila number lang”
Participant 5 “Dalawang beses siya nagpacash Multiple Transaction
out, dumoble yung bigay sakanya
ng ilang beses”
ANALYSIS
The strategies used by scammers are often hard to identify and that what makes
scamming trickier but with the data gathered from the participants, the study was able to
identify some the strategies. The most common among the responses is regarding the
OTP or also known as one-time password, once leaked getting scam is close to being
unavoidable.
Unknown identity and identity theft is used to trick family members or friends of the
victim, which are also connected to mysterious number strategy this strategy attracts their
victims through giving assurance, easy money, and etc. but the main point is their text or
messages are distinct on actual legal company or corporation by means of using random
numbers. Even with all that information there were still some that can’t identify the strategy
used on them that just means that fraudster continue to develop their skill.
EVIDENCE
Online scams occur in various ways, phishing websites, mysterious calls and
messages, technology support which are all fakes and, last by threats. Stealing is one way
as well some examples are OTP or password credential thefts and even identity theft.
(NortonLifeLock, 2021).
Interview Question 7: What measurements did you do to avoid the fraud scheme?
Table 7: The Measurements Participants do to Avoid the Fraud Schemes

Participant 1 “Huwag ibigay ang OTP yan ang Avoid
kauna-unahan”
Participant 2 “Tsaka yung pag minsan may nag Deletion
tetext pa rin ng OTP, binubura
naming agad”
Participant 3 “Ahh, hindi na ako nakikipag Less Entertainment
entertain sa mga tao kapag hindi
ko kilala”
Participant 4 ‘Sisiguraduhin niyo kung legit Legitimacy
yung number nila”
Participant 5 “Sinesend ko kay mama, Confirmation

tinatawagan ko muna siya kung
may nag send sakanya”
ANALYSIS
To prevent the scamming to happen, the participants take measures by confirming
the legitimacy of the transactions that will happen in the business and also by raising the
confidentiality by deleting one-time pins once it is confirmed. The participants also advised
to lessen the entertainment especially to those people who seem 'sketchy'.
Participants double check before confirming the transaction, it is also answered
that don't entertain customers as much as it could be a scheme. The participant suggested
to be more knowledgeable with legit numbers that sends OTP or confirmation messages.
EVIDENCE
Internet fraud is defined as any scheme using more than one element of the
internet, e.g. online chat, mail or web site to make fake requests, perform fraudulent
transactions and transfer funds obtained through fraud (NC State University, 2023).
Interview Question 8: How do you think can the scamming be avoided, especially for
those who wanted to start a business?
Table 8: The Opinions on how can Scamming be Avoided

Participant 1 “Mahirap maiwasan kasi ang Unpredictable
scammer ano nandyan lang di
mo alam kung sino”
Participant 2 “Mag ingat nalang sila, hindi mo Appearance
naman makukutuban na hindi sila
ganon gagawa ng masama kasi
sa itsura nila hindi naman ganun”
Participant 3 “Wag silang mag entertain ng Doubts
hindi nila kakilala, pag meron
kang doubts sa tao sundin mo”
Participant 4 ‘Kapag magsisimula, mag Research
research sila”
Participant 5 “Mas maayos din na maglagay CCTV
sila ng katulad ng CCTV”
ANALYSIS
Base on Table 8, the participants advised that scamming is really unpredictable as
that the scammers appear and seem normal and friendly customer. The participants also
advise to trust intuitions. In addition to that, the participants suggest to do research before
starting a business and to increase privacy measures by installing CCTV Cameras.
According to the participants responses, to avoid being a victim of scamming, as a new
into business, do research about handling certain happenings and how to prevent the
scamming.
The participants also suggest to install a CCTV Camera as it will be helpful when
determining customers that comes in and out. Scamming is unpredictable as the
scammers seem and act as a normal customer at first and then lure the owner into the
schemes for the scammers to trick the victim and take advantage of the owner and
business.
EVIDENCE
As consumers have become more willing to use peer to peer applications on a
regular basis, scampers are adapting their tactics for exploiting the quick and often
anonymous availability of cash they provide. Their ease and convenience appeal to
consumers, but their general lack of user protection is the reason why fraudsters have
been attracted to them (State of Michigan, 2023).
Interview Question 9: How did the scamming affect your business, you as a business
owner?
Table 9: The Effect of Scamming in the Business and to the Owner


Participant 1 “Syempre mahirap, ang hirap Burdening
kaya kitain ng pera”
Participant 2 “Malaking epekto sami yon. Pero Mindset
ang ano nalang namin kikitain din
naming yon ganon nalang
mindset namin”
Participant 3 “Trauma, na trauma ako kasi Trauma
siguro Malaki yung ano sakin”
Participant 4 ‘Malaki, syempre nawala yung Big Loss
budget niya”
Participant 5 “Yung parang kada ano mo Confusion
tatawag na ako kay mama,
nakakalito rin syempre”
ANALYSIS
Based on the research conducted, most of the participants had different
experiences. Researchers found out that the participants had a heavy feeling, like having
generous feelings because of the money lost, a mindset that can be used in the next
transaction, trauma, a big loss, and confusion due to not knowing what to do. These
circumstances can lead to having anxiety or even having an option to giving up own
business
According to the participants, it is mentioned that all felt was difficulties as well as
heavy feelings because of the money had lost; secondly, it was a state of mind of being
more careful so that would not experience being scammed again; third, one experienced
trauma because of the huge amount of money that was taken from the person. The event
that takes place also take a big toll on victims’ psychological health.
EVIDENCE
Scams are fraudulent practices intended to trick unwary victims into handing over
their hard-earned cash or personal information. Scams may have terrible emotional and
financial consequences. "The Emotional Impact of Scams: What Victims Experience"
(Freedman, 2019) explores the effects of scams on people and society.
Interview Question 10: Why did these scammers choose you as their target, Is there a
specific reason?
Table 10: Speculated Reason Why These Participants is Chosen as a Target

Participant 1 “Shunga kami nung una pero Unwise
ngayon tandan na, lesson
learned”
Participant 2 “Siguro akala nila malaki yung Store Size
tindahan namin”
Participant 3 “Ahh kasi nga nakita niya siguro Perceived
sa aming text, yung aming
conversation ng kaibigan ko”
Participant 4 ‘May ano ahh, tawag dito… sa Credibility
una mayroon silang totoong
sinasabi”
Participant 5 “Hindi ko rin alam kasi nga ano Clueless
tropa siya ng kuya ko”
ANALYSIS
Many of today's scammers are clever, scammers use techniques, strategies and
tactics to trick the brains of electronic wallet users just like cash, and target those with
large sums of money inside their electronic wallets. The speculated reasons behind the
committed crimes were identified by most of the participants and was able to state some
of the strategies as well.

The participants share how the cheating happened and what was the reason why
the victims were chosen to be cheated by these scammers. One said cheating occurred
because of being unwise. The other respond that their store size is their reason to be
cheated, the other was perceived or the leakage of important because the unknown
scammer saw the conversation. One is credibility, were able to be fooled because of the
good things and promises the scammer stated. The last one is clueless as the event was
extremely unexpected since the man behind the scheme is someone known.
EVIDENCE
The electronic wallet is revolutionary, but it also has drawbacks. Although the
security of digital wallets is quite strong, there is still a chance of fraud. From the
perspective of the consumer, digital wallet transactions are somewhat riskier than credit
card transactions since they may not be protected by the consumer protections offered by
banks for credit card transactions (Conn, 2022).

Corollary Question 2: What themes emerged from the testimonies of the
participants?
As shown in the figure 2, There are total of eight (8) themes that emerge. The
themes are:
Figure 2. Graphical Representation of Themes that emerged

According to the results collected from the data, the researchers divided the data
by categories, which are called themes. This portion of the study answers the corollary
question no. 2 which is; the themes that emerge from the testimonies of the participants.
The categories will be discussed further below.
The researchers used the title 'Year, Duration and Occurrence' to show the dates
given by the participants as their response answering the questions of “How long have
they been running a business” and the year scamming occurred to their enterprise. The
researchers used 'Visible and Observable' as the title of the theme 'appearance' to array
the stores and businesses the participants own this theme also covers the appearance of
customers as well as scammer are described as unpredictable. The researchers titled the
theme 'Psychological Effects' to show how the scamming affected the participants and to
express how the participants feel towards the crime. The researchers also used 'Beneficial
Factors' as the title of theme that shows the advantage and convenience the electronic
wallet gave the participants.
Thematic Chart A
Theme 1: Year, Duration and Occurrence
Codes Short Transcription

Before pandemic “Ilang taon? Ahh kailan ba parang
This Year mga 3 weeks? Three months palang?
Recently Oo three months, month of ano month
2023 of march ganun”
Last Year
11 Years
2.5 Years
35 Years
1 Year
2 Years
The themes used in Table 11 are about the year, duration, and occurrences
because of the number of years or months participants started using g-cash as a business
to supplement their income. And g-cash also helped the participants since they started
doing business with electronic wallets. It is easy to commit fraud as it has been a year
since they used g-cash, and the scammers also thought that the participants were making
a lot of money.
For the evidence Influence of income on security concerns and comfortability using
e-wallet It is well documented that level of income influences the risk propensity of people.
People with higher incomes likely to take more risks than people with lower incomes
(Grable, 2000).
Thematic Chart B
Theme 2: Visible and Observable

Store “Siguro akala nila Malaki yung
Shop tindahan naming, marami kasing
Boutique bumibili nung time na yon, madami
Construction kasing bumibili dito pag hapon eh”
Physical Store
Appearance
Store Size
The themes used in Table 12 are visible and observable because that is the
scammer's way of victimizing the targets and how scammers are able to scam the
participants unconsciously or quickly, and how the scammers can quickly scam the
owners. Based on the status or appearance of the store because they are chosen by the
scammers to be foolish when it comes to the electronic wallet.

To support the statement, Observability, IU, and ITR Choudrie et al. (2014) found
that observability played a key role in influencing usage intentions among people over 50
years of age but had no association among those under 50 years of age. We believed that
observability or visibility was a relevant measure in the present study for two reasons.
First, we targeted young adult smartphone users. Previous literature on new media has
shown that young adults are very much concerned with impression management (Dhir et
al., 2015).
Thematic Chart C
Theme 3: Psychological Effect

Confusion “Trauma, na trauma ako dahil siguro
Mindset Malaki yung ano sakin, sabi ko lord,
Trauma pwedeng ibalik niyo sakin sa ibang
Doubts paraan”
Perceived
Unwise
Avoid
The codes that were used in the Table 13 were: confusion, mindset, trauma,
doubts, perceived, unwise and avoid inclined more psychological as the scamming caused
trauma to the participant that affected the participant greatly in business. But that did not
hold the participant back but used it as a motivation to look for more blessing and
opportunities for the business to come.
As an Evidence, the psychological effects are damaging, leading to a sense of
helplessness and isolation. When being a victim of fraud leads to isolation, victims
internalize the traumatic experience and thus experience further feelings of loneliness,
which can even lead to future victimization (Castel, 2021).

Thematic Chart D
Theme 4: Undetermined

Clueless “Halimbawa sa paymaya, yun ang
Unidentified nakalagay sa message, pero ang
Unknown Identity kanila number lang”
Mysterious Number
Unpredictable
The codes used in the Table 14 are: clueless, unidentified, unknown identity,
mysterious number and unpredictable as the scammer scheme was to gain the
participant's trust before doing the crime. And that led the participant to be more confirming
with legitimate numbers and do greatly considers partnerships before agreeing.
Affinity Fraud: Scammers try to trick members of a group that has formed based
on a common characteristic such as age, ethnicity, or religion. To obtain trust from the
group leader and its members, scam artists behave as if they belong to a group. By
investing in the group leader, others are also going to invest (Skrmetti, 2022).
Thematic Chart E
Theme 5: Trouble Factors

Diffiult “Cellphone ng kaibigan ko ginamit
Big loss niya ayun tinry niya kunin loob ko na
Burdening magpadala ka sakin, mag send ka”
Table 15 consists of the troubles that the participants encountered while running
the business and after dealing with fraudsters. The effects of scams don’t automatically
vanish after the incident, this may cause lifetime burdens.

There are some downsides to using digital wallets. By gaining unauthorized access
to account, hackers can steal money or make purchases using stored payment
information. The risk can be huge if users do not follow the best practices associated
(Yadav, 2022).
Thematic Chart F
Theme 6: Technological Terms

Paymaya “Yung isang lalaki ng cash in ng 300
Globe Tele. nga tapos maya-maya kunyari
Gcash pinicturan niya, siguro nung
Gcash Only pinipicturan niya nakita niya yung
Bank Transfer OTP”
OTP
CCTV
Theme 6 is labeled as technological terms which is categorized to clarify the words
used that are sometimes unidentified for the reason of only being used in certain fields
like Paymaya, Globe telecom, Gcash, Bank Transfer and OTP. Aside from CCTV all codes
from theme 6 are characterized or connected to electronic wallet.
A virtual or cashless service with the use of gadgets known as an electronic wallet
is used to replace actual currency or physical money (Abdullah & Redzuan, 2020).
Thematic Chart G
Theme 7: Process and Actions

Deletion “Tsaka yung pag minsan may nag
Confirmation tetext pa rin ng OTP, binubura naming
Research agad”
Less Entertainment
Multiple Transactions
The table named process and action, it can be either the action of scamming or
the measurements used to avoid getting scammed. As an example, stated in the short
transcription, text messages that contains important information should be hidden or
deleted immediately. To support this statement, According to T Kitching in 2001, The
biggest support that a business can get to make sure that scams is publicized to be used
as warning.
Thematic Chart H
Theme 8: Beneficial Factors

Simple “Malaking tulong kasi maraming
Profitable nagpapa gcash may kita naman diyan
Convenient kahit paano”
Legitimate
Interest
Credibility
Electronic wallets have a lot of benefits and the codes provided in table eighteen
(18) is categorized by the theme title of “Beneficial Factors”. It is described that the usage
of e-wallet brings benefits such as the app itself being profitable considering the interest
rate per transaction. It is also easier and much simpler to use pertaining to being
convenient as it does not require personal meet ups.
E-wallet help simplify the experience, reduce cost, and to clear fees that are
usually charged. It is also a great solution for those who need to send money from anyone
which is away (Skrill, 2022).

Chapter 5
CONSOLIDATED REFLECTION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter contain the reflection, conclusion and, recommendation of the
researchers based on the answers of the participants and based on the themes that
emerged.
Consolidated Conclusion and Reflections
The significant findings of the study were derived from the participants provides
through a semi-structured interviewing, this testimonies allows the themes to emerge and
provide structure to the conducted study. The selected participants provide their own
knowledge, experience and, perspective regarding the topic of electronic wallet scamming
that occur to their business.
There are exactly eight (8) accumulated emerging themes. The themes were Year
Duration and Occurrence, Visible and Observable, Psychological Effect,
Undetermined, Trouble Factors, Technological Terms, Process and Actions and
lastly Beneficial Factor.
First theme, which is titled Year, Duration and Occurrence refers to the data
gathered that includes the usage of years. The codes that this theme contains are due to
the interview question of “How long have you been running your business?” for the
duration. Duration of how long the business have been running is necessary to understand
whether the experience in business increases awareness to scamming even without
proper research and seminars. Second question is “What year did the scamming occur on
you/your business?” which is used to identify how the pandemic affects the incidents that
occurs and basing on the findings, the pandemic turns out to be one of the biggest factor
that affect the increase of scamming cases due to the emerging of trends that use gadgets
as medium of transaction as it is safe and it was implemented to avoid face to face meet
ups.
Visible and Observable as the second theme of the study where it shows the
variety of the businesses the participants own. This theme displayed the appearance of
both the store the participants own as it could be one of the factors that led the scammer
to execute the crime.
The theme titled undermined is used to show codes that has no strong foundations.
In short, this theme is representation of unknowingness. Let the codes give more
clarifications, first code is clueless, it is based on the response a victim has no idea why
their store is targeted. Unidentified, clear and transparent that the strategy used to defraud
the store remain unknown even to the owner himself but the Mysterious Identity and
Unknown number are strategy used by fraudsters. Mysterious Identity is a type of strategy
that use the advantage of not being known itself which allow the fraudster to explore the
information of targeted victim without being known. Determining the strategy used by scam
artist helps subsequent business owners to avoid being victim of same mistakes.
Technological terms are themes that categorize the unknown terms or terms that
are only used on certain field. The codes used are Gcash, Globe Tele., Bank Transfer
and, PayMaya which are all a type electronic wallet. Some like OTP is just a term used in
e-wallet also known as passwords. The theme highlighted the use of gadgets in business
which become a necessary part to run businesses like online shopping, this without a
doubt are truly convenient but disregarding the troubles and risks along with use of
technology causes the increase in cases of scam.

In theme Trouble Factors, the participants conferred about the difficulties and
issues the crime had done in the business. The theme showed the effects in the business
after the crime. The participants also mentioned the burden of the losses the business
along with the owner experienced. To compensate to the last theme which is beneficial
factor, troubles are considered experience and lesson which leads these selected owners
to improve awareness and avoid more schemes.
In the theme Psychological Effects, it displayed the effects of the crime to the
participants psychologically. The participants disclosed the feelings and doubts the
unfortunate event had caused. The crime resulted the participants to experience emotional
distraught. This effect usually causes anxiety and depression, luckily the participants didn’t
give up on business after encountering terrible scenarios like scamming
The participants discussed the measurements and precautions that the business
and transactions do take to avoid and if possible, also to prevent the scamming to happen
in the theme Process and Actions. In this theme, the content also serves as suggestions
and advices on how to increase the privacy of each online transactions. Deleting OTP is
as one of the examples are simple step but by doing so, the risk of this password being
exposed is indeed impossible.
The last theme fall on the title Beneficial factors, as easy as it sounds this are the
benefits of using electronic wallet in business. The testimonies of participants share the
same idea of e-wallet being useful as a daily basis as it is pertained as convenient, simple
and, profitable. Despite being called beneficial, these benefits will soon turn into risk given
the fact the owners, customer and user continue to rely on the growing technology.
The researchers conclude that the themes that emerged are just fractions of the
emotional, physical and mental effect to the participants. Years and duration are used as
documentation that can be used in business forecasting. Scamming is an unpredictable
event based on the findings it is something that may or may not be perceived by depending
on appearance. In addition, scamming artists continue to polish their skills it can be either
technology and through hacking or communication skill that can be used to persuade. So
as an owner, determining the strategies used are absolutely necessary and if its
unidentifiable that just means there something more that this research can’t uncover.
Through measurement and preparations or themed by process and actions, such as
deleting OTP messages, confirming the validity of transaction, doing proper research and
background checking specially for those who are trying to start a business, and less
entertainment on those sketchy customers. Simple steps have significant impact whether
it is a step to improve or not. The themes claims that scamming has two factors, beneficial
and trouble since almost everything that has a big benefit has drawbacks. Troubles has
benefits as this allows the owners to be more aware and confidential. Lastly, even the
“benefits” has some drawback as well since relying on technology such as e-wallets to
much causes user to be independent.

Recommendations
1. To avoid Investment or Partnership Scams, do investigate thoroughly, this type of
scam tends to persuade victims by being credible at first so determine the
partnership to full extent and do not trust completely after a few transactions.
2. Gain knowledge into basic electronics or other online terminologies as it you'll gain
advantages once you do and they won't succeed so easily when committing a
crime.
3. Always keep and be confirmative and secretive with every receipt of transactions
as it can serve as an evidence or proof to either for your advantage or against the
scammer.
4. Do not rely to the convenience, simplicity and benefit of the growing technology as
it is perceived to be risky
5. Less entertainment on customer specifically on those unknown and someone
seems sketchy
6. Report the committed crime immediately

REFERENCES
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https://lspuoblicon2015.wordpress.com/2016/03/25/article-1338/
Biemel, Walter and Spiegelberg, Herbert. "phenomenology". Encyclopedia Britannica, 14
Apr. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/topic/phenomenology. Accessed 11 May
2023.
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Social Media, Online Shopping Activities and Perceived Risks in
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Perceived Benefits, and Perceptions of Risk on Indonesian Student Decisions to
Use E-Wallets for Warunk Upnormal. Sustainability, 14(11), 6475.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su14116475
George, T. (2022). Semi-Structured Interview | Definition, Guide & Examples. Scribbr.
https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/semi-structured-interview/
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Craigslist Website. CORE. https://core.ac.uk/works/116972631?

H, L. (2023). How to do thematic analysis — Delve.
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and fraud: A new theory of visceral influences on persuasion.
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new-normal/
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K., Terzi, M. C., & Kanellos, N. (2022). The Effectiveness of Centralized Payment
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common-types-of-internet-fraud-scams.html
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increasing-online-fraud
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Thesis
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Factors of Younger and Older Age Groups’ Fraud Victimization.

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SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT RESEARCHERS 1

SHARED PERSPECTIVE IN ELECTRONIC WALLET

This research entitled “SHARED PERSPECTIVE IN ELECTRONIC WALLET

MYLYN F. BATITIS, MAEd

Accepted and approved in fulfillment of the requirements for PRACTICAL

CRISTINA F. MANEJABLE, MAEd ENGR. DIEGO JAY G. VASQUEZ

RAYMOND RICHARD A. MAGAN, EdD

Accepted in fulfillment of the requirements for PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1.

FRENCIE B. CENON, MAEd MA. CRISTINA C. PEGOLLO

PERSPECTIVE IN ELECTRONIC WALLET SCAMMING OF SELECTED BUSINESS

OWNERS IN BARANGAY SINALHAN for the course Practical Research 1 at Sinalhan

acknowledgement were made.

RECONA, MHEL VINCENT

June 28, 2023

proponents give great appreciation and gratitude:

guidance, and understanding for the accomplishment of the study.

judgements toward the betterment of the study.

To the participants who provided an amount of their time to cooperate and

answer the interview questions.

complete this study.

for their benefit.

Title SHARED PERSPECTIVE IN ELECTRONIC WALLET SCAMMING

Authors LORENTE, NICA

Strand : Accountancy, Buisness and Management

School : Sinalhan Integrated High School

Adviser : Mylyn F. Batitis, MAEd

Keywords Electronic Wallet

The research titled shared perspective in electronic wallet scamming of selected

used to store money and pay online.

using interview guide questions. To choose the subject as representation of the

both benefits and drawbacks.

Chapter 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND...………………...………11

Theoretical Framework …………………………………………......………..14

Scope and Delimitation………………………………….……………………16

Significance of the Study……………………………………………………..17

Chapter 2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE……………………………....19

Title of the Theme…………………………………………….……………….19

Title of the Theme...………………………..………………………………….20

Title of the Theme …………………………..………………………………...21

General Synthesis of the Reviewed Literature………………………….…..…22

Chapter 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY……………………………………..….23

Population and Sampling….……..……………………...…………………….24

Participants of the Study…………….…………….…………………………..24

Data Gathering Procedure……………………………………………………..24

Treatment of Qualitative Data………………………………..……………….26

Chapter 4: ANALYSIS AND RESULTS……………………………….…….…..….27

Years, Duration and Occurrence………………………………...……………41

Visible and Observable.....…………………………………………………....42

Process and Actions………………………………………………………….45

Chapter 5: CONSOLIDATED CONCLUSION AND

Appendix A Letter of Validation……………………………………………….

Appendix B Letter to Participants………………………………………………

Appendix C Research Instrument………………………………...……....….55

Appendix E Curriculum Vitae…………………………………….….......….65

4 The Year Scamming Occurred to the Business 31

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND