THEORIES OF PERSONALITY REVIEWER

1. Karen believes that women are made for men; however, she only gets attracted to other women. In
the past, she has been warned by her strict Catholic parents that such an attraction is deplorable the
evil. Thus, she finds it hard to express her sexuality because of feelings of guilt as a follower of Freud
perspective, Karen experiencing

a. neurotic anxiety

b. realistic anxiety

c. moral anxiety

d. normal anxiety

2. This period reflects the determination of children to master what they are doing so that they develop
a successful sense of modesty.

a. initiative vs. guilt

b. industry vs. inferiority

c. intimacy vs. isolation

d. autonomy vs. shame and doubt

3. Interested in problems outside of themselves, allowing them and purpose for living.

a. More efficient perception of reality

b. Problem-centering

c. Spontaneity, simplicity, and naturalness

d. Acceptance of self, other and nature

4. Guilt that matches mitwelt. This is people's tendency to see others through their own eyes. It
prevents us from truly seeing their needs and true identity.

a. Separation guilt

b. All of the answers are correct

c. Denial of our potentialities

d. Inability to accurately perceive the world of others

5. They seek to identify and participate in events outside of themselves.

a. Emotional security or self-acceptance

b. Warm relating of self to others

c. Realistic perception of their environment

d. Extension of the sense of self

6. Able to accept themselves the way they are, accept others with no compulsion to change them, and
accept nature as it is.

a. Spontaneity, simplicity, and naturalness

b. Problem-centering

c. Acceptance of self, other and nature

d. More efficient perception of reality

7. They are driven to surpass older siblings, tend to be high achievers in whatever tasks they undertake
as adults. However, if the youngest is excessively pampered, they may become helpless and dependent
on others. This is because they are cared for and see no desire to strive.

a. Only child

b. First-born child

c. Second-born child/middle child

d. Youngest child

8. Marked by self-torture and guilt People devalue themselves to inflict suffering on others while
protecting their magnified feeling of self-esteem.

a. Self-accusation

b. Aggression

c. Depreciation

d. Excuses
9. The organism is reinforced intermittently according to the number of responses it makes. Ration
refers to the ratio of responses to reinforces. With a fixed-ratio schedule, the organism is reinforced
after every response.

a. Variable-ratio schedule,

b. Fixed-interval schedule

c. Fixed-ratio schedule

d. Variable-interval schedule

10. Choose which concept of humanity is related to this question. Are we motivated to maintain
equilibrium, or does the urge to grow and develop shape our behavior?

a. conscious vs behavior

b. conscious determinants of

c. pessimism vs. optimism

causality vs. teleology

d. determinism vs. free choice

11. A person who does not know his true identity because he acts like a different person every time he is
placed in a different situation conflicts because of his

a. persona

b. animus

c. anima

d. sexual identity

12. Refers to a procedure in which a conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the
unconditioned stimulus. As a result, the conditioned stimulus tends to elicit the conditioned response no
longer.

a. Discrimination

b. All of the answers are correct

c. Extinction

d. Generalization
13. Condition develops when a person cannot compensate for normal inferiority feelings.

a. Social interest

b. Inferiority complex

c. Fictional finalism

d. Compensation

14. The psychological desire seeks procreation through an enduring union with a loved one. It is making
love, the wish to establish a lasting union. It is built on are and tenderness with the longing for both
partners to experience delight, passion, and deepening experience.

a. Eros

b. Sex

c. Agape

d. Philia

15. This means a neural bond or association between the neutral stimulus (bell) and the unconditioned
stimulus (food). Because of the association of the NS and the CS, the sound of the bell substitutes for the
food c. All of the answers are correct Contiguity theory

a. Stimulus substitution

b. Cognitive perspective

c. all of the answers are correcyt

16. Freudjungadler horn and other psychodynamic theorists all believe that.

a. most human behavior is largely conscious, and thus unconscious drives have no bearing

b. all human behavior is repetitive to the point that it is rewarded and becomes extinct once the reward
stops

c. sexual and unconscious motives drive human behavior

d. childhood experiences influence adult personality.

17. Protect weak but artificially inflated sense of self-worth and deceive people into believing that they
are more superior than they are (Adler, 1956), typically expressed in "yes, but" or "if only" format. They
would first state what they claim they would like to do (something that may sound good to others), then
follow with an excuse. For example, "yes, I would like to travel, but my children take too much of my
time."

a. Excuses

b. Aggression

c. Depreciation

d. Accusation

18. If the children repress basic hostility, they will develop feelings of insecurity and a pervasive sense of
apprehension called

a. basic rage

b. basic anxiety

c. neurotic trends

d. basic anger

19. This approach emphasizes childhood experiences and unconsciousness.

a. psychodynamic

b. trait

c. behavioral

d. humanistic

20. Retreating to an earlier, less frustrating period of life and displaying the childish and dependent
behaviors characteristic of that more secure time

a. Regression

b. Denial

c. Repression

d. Reaction formation

21. "Esteem from the other, the concern for the other's welfare beyond any gain that one can get out of
it; disinterested love, typically, the love of God for man" (May 1969). It is selfless love, the kind of
spiritual love that is underserved and unconditional.
a. Sex

b. Eros

c. Philia

d. Agape

22. The public face or role a person presents to others.

a. Persona archetype

b. Entropy principle

c. Equivalence principle

d. Personal unconscious

23. Or pampering develops in children the idea that they are the most important person in a situation.
They are the center of attention at home, but once they enter school, they get shocked to realize that
the focus is no longer on them. Spoiled children are impatient with others. Never learned to wait for
what they want, and has not learned to overcome difficulties or adjust to others' needs. Inferiority
complex develops when they are confronted with obstacles to gratification.

a. Organic inferiority

b. Neglected

c. Spoiling

d. All of the answers are correct

24. The need to be recognized by others and achieve status in their eyes is a strong need for most
people. Recognition status includes the need to excel in those things that a person regards as important.

a. Generalized Expectancies

b. Needs

C. Dominance

d. Recognition-Status

25. Defense mechanisms may take the form of three different reactions. Which of these reactions
require a person to partially give in to the frustration barriers but not entirely give up his intention or
goal?
a. Compromise

b. Withdrawal

c. Compensate

d. Aggressive

26. The word personality comes from "persona," which originally meant

a. the animal side of human nature

b. that which one truly is

c. theatrical mask

d. Soul

27. This heritage is passed to each new generation. The ancient experiences in the collective
unconscious are manifested by recurring themes or patterns Jung called archetypes (Jung, 1947). There
are many such images of universal experiences as many as there are common human experiences.

a. Collective unconscious

b. All of the answers are correct

c. Consciousness

d. Personal unconscious

28. Which we strive. Striving for superiority is not an attempt to be better than anyone else, nor is it an
arrogant or domineering tendency of an inflated opinion of our abilities and accomplishments. Adler
equities were striving for superiority to a drive for perfection. Adler suggests that we strive for
superiority to perfect ourselves to make ourselves complete or whole

a. Factionalism

b. Social interest

c. Withdrawal

d. Striving for superiority

29. Physical comfort is perhaps the most basic need because other needs are learned.

a. Protection-Dependency
b. Independence

c. Love and Affection

d. Physical Comfort

30. It represents Jung's most controversial and his most distinctive concept.

a. collective unconscious

b. progression and regression

c. personal unconscious d. self-realization

31. Knowing who the patient is via an intensive interrogatory from the past to present, and the patient's
future.

a. Detailed Inquiry

b. Reconnaissance

C. Termination

d. Formal Inception

32. The following are the fixations of the oral stage. Which is not?

a. stinginess

b. excessive drinking

c. over-eating

d. too much talking

33. The need to control the behavior of others is called dominance. This need includes any set of
behaviors directed at gaining power over the lives of friends, family, colleagues, superiors, and
subordinates.

a. Dominance

b. Recognition-Status

c. Generalized Expectancies

d. Needs
34. May has a similar concept with Jung in terms of archetypal patterns in human experiences, which he
called:

a. myths

b. daimonic

C. wishes

d. dreams

35. Strategies forego users to defend themselves against the anxiety provoked by conflicts or everyday
life.

a. das uber-ich

b. Ego

c. Defense mechanism

d. Id

36. According to Freud, personality consist of the following. Point the exception.

b. das es

c. das ich

d. das et

37. Experience sexual pleasure from suffering pain and humiliation inflicted by themselves or others.

a. Sadism

b. Narcissism

c. Love

d. Masochism

38. The aspect of personality allied with instincts; it operates according to the pleasure principle.

a. Defense mechanism b. Ego

c. ld
d. Anxiety

39. A person's need value (NV) is the degree to which a person prefers one set of reinforcements to
another.

a. Freedom of Movement

b. Need Potential (NP)

c. All of the answers are correct

d. Need Value

40. Which of the following does not belong to the group?

a. Carl Jung

b. Alfred Adler

c. Sigmund Freud

d. Abraham Maslow

41. Refers to the possible occurrence of a set of functionally related behaviors directed toward satisfying
the same or similar goals.
a. freedom of Movement

b. Need Potential (NP)

c. Need Value

d. All of the answers are correct

42. The first practicing psychologist and psychotherapist was/were

a. the babaylan/katalonan

b. the ancient faith healers

c. Fr. Jaime Bulatao

d. Dr. Virgilio Enriquez

43. The process includes blunting or minimizing their emotional needs. By rejecting these needs, the
withdrawn person protects themselves from getting hurt by other people.

a. Attaining power
b. Being submissive

c. Securing affection and love

d. Withdrawing

44. Some people combat basic anxiety by trying to be first, be important, or attract attention to
themselves.

a. Ambition and personal achievement

b. Admiration

c. Prestige

d. Self-sufficiency and independence

45. It Is defined as an attitude of relatedness with humanity in general and empathy for each member of
the human community. It manifests itself as cooperation with others for social advancement rather than
personal gain (Adler, 1964). The inferiority of individuals requires them to join others to form a society.
It has always been necessary for people to cooperate to express their social interests and contribute to
society to achieve their personal and communal goals. Rooted from the mother-baby relationship, the
mother must teach the child cooperation, companionship, and courage. Only if the child feels this
kinship with others will they act with courage to cope with life's demands. Individuals who look upon
others with suspicion and hostility will approach life with the same attitude. This lack of social interest
may result in criminal behaviors.

a. Withdrawal

b. Striving for superiority

c. factionalism

d. Social interest

46. It allows a client to express whatever enters his mind or awareness. Clients will say whatever they
want to say, ideas, and thoughts that flow into awareness.

a. Freudian slips

b. Dreams

Free association

d. Projective tests
47. The freedom of action and doing. It is the freedom to act on the choices made.

a. Existential freedom

b. Essential freedom

48. Open to both positive and negative feelings.

a. Distortion

b. The person lives fully richly in every moment

c. denial

d. The person is aware of all experience

49. For neurotics to gain affection and approval, they attempt to please others. They try to live up to
other people's expectations; they tend to dread self-assertion and are often quite uncomfortable with
the hostility of others and hostile feelings within themselves.

a. Affection and approval

b. Narrow limits to life

c. Power partner

d. Power

50. The rational aspect of the personality is responsible for directing and controlling the instinct.

a. Anxiety

b. Defense mechanism

c. Id

d. Ego

51. One of Sullivan's most interesting observations was that people often create imaginary traits in
others.

a. self-system

b. eidetic personifications

c. malevolence

d. me personifications
52. It starts at 18 months, and its erogenous zone is the anal region. This is the time most children are
toilet trained. The behavior of defecating is pleasurable to time, and when parents accept the behavior
and respond positively, the child is likely to grow into a generous and considerate adult. But suppose the
child is scolded for defecating. In that case, the child may adopt an anal character, which indicates
keeping objects and neatly arranging them. one is said to have an anal personality when they are
orderly, stubborn, or stingy.

a. Latency stage

b. Oral stage

c. Phallic stage

d. Anal stage

53. Having a desire to learn from anyone and being considerate to them regardless of race, class, age,
and gender.

a. Discrimination between means and ends

b. Profound interpersonal relations

c. Democratic character structure

d. Philosophical sense of humor

54. Involves shifting id impulses from the threatening or unavailable objects to substitute available
objects

a. Displacement

b. Rationalization

c. All of the answers are correct

d. Sublimation

55. The continuing redistribution of energy within a personality; if the energy expended on certain
conditions or activities weakens or disappears, that energy is transferred elsewhere.

a. Entropy principle

b. Personal unconscious

c. Persona archetype

d. Equivalence principle
56. Say that an organism learns a predictable relationship between two stimuli such that the occurrence
of one stimulus (NS) predicts the occurrence of another (UCS). In other words, classical conditioning
occurs because the organism learns what to expect

a. All of the answers are correct

b. Contiguity theory

c. Cognitive perspective

d. Stimulus substitution

57. Which of the following does not belong to the group?

a. Ivan Pavlov

b. Henry Murray

c. Raymond Cattell

d. Hand Eysenk

58. The id serves the principle

a. idealistic

b. pleasure

c. moralistic

d. reality

59. Reinterpreting behavior to make it more acceptable and less threatening

a. All of the answers are correct

b. Sublimation

c. Displacement

d. Rationalization

60. Eight personality types based on interactions of the attitudes (introversion and extraversion) and the
functions [thinking, feeling, sensing, and intuiting).

a. Shadow archetype

b. Self-archetype
c. All of the answers are correct

d. Psychological types

61. Follow from self-defeating techniques of counteracting social control or from unsuccessful attempts
at self-control, especially when either of these failures is accompanied by strong emotion.
a. Counteracting strategies

b. Self-control

c. Social control

d. Inappropriate behavior

62. At this stage, children gain greater freedom to explore their environment and often attempt tasks
that do not approve of.

a. industry vs. inferiority

b. initiative vs. guilt

c. intimacy vs. isolation

d. autonomy vs. shame and doubt

63. This theorist described that traits are on a continuum and everybody has some degree of every trait.

a. Henry Murray

b. Gordonall Port

c. Raymond Cattell

d. Hansey Senck

64. Seen on the first 18 months with the mouth, lips, ad tongue as the erogenous zone (source of
pleasure). Fixation in this stage occurs when the baby experiences traumatic weaning or feeding
problems. One is said to have an oral personality when they become dependent o other people. This is
also indicative of those who drink excessively and constantly put their hands in their mouths.

a. Latency stage

b. Phallic stage

c. Oral stage
d. Anal stage

65. Parents are usually happy with the first child's birth, and they allot considerable time and attention
to the new baby. They have their parent's undivided attention resulting in a happy and secure child.
However, once the second child is born, the parent's attention is divided, which causes the firstborn to
compensate throughout his life by getting the attention back.

a. First-born child

b. Only child

c. Youngest child

d. Second-born child/ middle child

66. It is the enduring or lasting behavior and thought patterns across time and situation.

a. personality trait

b. characteristics

c. trait

d. personality

67. Appears passive, calm, and detached from the everyday world. These people look at most human
activities with benevolence and amusement. They are aesthetically sensitive, express themselves in art
or music, and tend to repress their intuition

a. introverted intuiting (II)

b. introverted feeling (IF)

c. introverted thinking (IT)

d. introverted sensing (IS)

68. These are general characteristics held in common people. It provides how people within a given
culture can be compared. Several people share common traits

a. Common traits

b. Personal dispositions

c. None of the above

d. All of the answers are correct

69. Neurotics need to be admired for what they are rather than what they possess. The approval and
appreciation of others must continually feed their magnified self-esteem.

a. Self-sufficiency and independence

b. Prestige

c. Admiration

d. Ambition and personal achievement

70. All organisms tend to evolve from simpler to more complex forms.

a. Formative tendency

b. Actualizing tendency

c. None of the above

d. all of the answers are correct

71. People have emotional poise wherein they are not exaggeratedly upset when things don't go as
planned. They recognized that frustrations and inconveniences are part of life.

a. Warm relating of self to others

b. Realistic perception of their environment

c. Emotional security or self-acceptance

d. Extension of the sense of self

72. It is a comprehensive drive toward actualizing the ideal self.

a. neurotic search for glory

b. neurotic pride

c. idealized self-image

d. neurotic claims

73. They have never experienced dethronement like the first-born, and once the third child comes into
the family, the second-born does not suffer this dethronement. Child-rearing attitudes and practices are
not the same at this point. Parents are less concerned and anxious about their child-rearing skills and
take a more relaxed approach. The second child often have the first-born's sample of behavior and may
view this as a model, threat, or source of competition middle born may grow to be rebellious
competitive, and consistent in attempting to become the best because of their middle status, they are
often the most flexible and diplomatic among siblings.

a. Second-born child/middle child

b. Youngest child

c. first-born child

d. Only child

74. As an archetype, the self is symbolized by a person's ideas of perfection, completion, and wholeness,
but its ultimate symbol is the

a. mandala

b. anima

c. animus

d. hero

75. In this stage of psychosexual development, people's sexual energy is directed towards others instead
of towards themselves.

a. genital Stage

b. phallic Stage

c. latency stage

d. anal stage

76. Unique personal behaviors and characteristics that each strives for perfection.

a. Style of life

b. Inferiority complex

c. Superiority complex

d. Social interest

77. The fear that maximizing our potential will lead to a situation we will be unable to cope with.
a. Cognitive needs

b. Jonah complex

c. Hierarchy of needs

d. Metamotivation

78. People use aggression to safeguard their superiority complex to protect their fragile self-esteem.

a. Depreciation

b. Aggression

c. Accusation

d. Excuses

79. Consistent behavior patterns result from conditioning and expectation differences in the way people
process information to explain differences in behavior.

a. Trait theory/genetic approach

c. Behavioral/social-cognitive approach

b. Humanistic/phenomenological approach

d. Psychodynamic approach

80. Begins to form at birth and contains material that is no longer (or is not yet) at the level of
awareness. Some memories are simply forgotten because they are no longer important, many of which
can easily be recalled to consciousness (such as the contents of last night's dinner).

a. consciousness

b. All of the answers are correct

c. Personal unconscious

d. Collective unconscious

81. Whatever response the conditioned stimulus begins to elicit due to the conditioning procedure.

a. Conditioned response (CR)

b. Unconditioned response (UCR)

c. Conditioned stimulus (CS)

d. Neutral stimulus

82. Since they never lose the position of priority, they remain the focus and center of attention. Only a
child often matures early and shows adult behaviors and attitudes. They may struggle initially once they
are integrated into life outside of their home, where they are not the center of attention. They may
need to learn to share and compete.

a. Youngest child

b. Second-born child/middle child

c. only child

d. First-born child

83. The empirical study of the scientist's scientific thought and behavior (including theory construction).

a. assumptions

b. psychology of science

c. hypothesis

d. scientific study in psychology

84. The idea that an imagined or potential goal guides our behavior.

a. Social interest

b. Fictional finalism

c. Inferiority complex

d. Compensation

85. A generalized Neuro psychic structure, (peculiar to the individual), with the capacity to render
functionally equivalent, and to initiate and guide consistent (equivalent) forms of adaptive and stylistic
behavior" (Allpot, 1961]. Personal dispositions are individualized.

a. Personal dispositions

b. Common traits

c. None of the above

d. All of the answers are correct

86. They have confidence in independence that is not affected by criticism and are unmoved by flattery.

a. Autonomy

b. Peak experience

c. Continued freshness of appreciation

d. Need for privacy

87. It means concurrent clashes with which the ability of the Filipino to undertake revolutions and
uprising against a common enemy.

a. pakikibaka

b. bayanihan

c. lakas ng loob

d. bahalana

88. The primary job of this province is to mediate of balance the demands of the id and other outer
forces of reality.

a. das ich

b. das uber-ich

c. das et

d. das es

89. Centered therapy Roger's approach to therapy is in which the client (not the "patient"] is assumed to
be responsible for changing this or her personality..

a. Conditions of worth

b. Conditional positive regard

c. Positive regard

d. Person

90. Are more concerned about belonging to a larger group and see themselves as interdependent

a. Individualistic culture
b. Collectivist cultures

c. Hypothesis

d. Constructs

91. Find success in business and politics because of your keen ability to exploit opportunities. These
people are attracted by new ideas and tend to be creative. They can inspire others to accomplish and
achieve. They also tend to be changeable, moving from one idea or venture to another, making
decisions based more on hunches than on reflection. Their decisions, however, are likely to be correct

a. extraverted sensing (ES)

b. extraverted intuiting (EI)

c. extraverted thinking (ET)

d. extraverted feeling (EF)

92. To Rogers, a belief that we are worthy of approval only when we express desirable behaviors and
attitudes and refrain from expressing those that bring disapproval from others; similar to the Freudian
superego a. Conditions of worth b. Person

c. Positive regard

d. Conditional positive regard

93. Places great emphasis on individual needs and accomplishments.

a. Constructs

b. Individualistic culture

c. Hypothesis

d. Collectivist cultures

94. Imagine a glass of water filled up until the middle. Would you stay that is half-empty or half-full?
Those who claim it is half-empty think of things that may go wrong, respond better to negative
feedback, and generate negative thoughts?

a. Pessimism vs. optimism

b. Causality vs. teleology

c. Determinism vs. free choice

d. Conscious

95. Focuses so intently on an intuition that they have little contact with reality. These people are
visionaries and daydreamers-aloof, unconcerned with practical matters, and poorly understood by
others. Considered odd and eccentric, they have difficulty coping with everyday life and planning for the
future

a. introverted feeling (IF)

b. introverted sensing (IS)

c. introverted intuiting (II)

d. introverted thinking (IT)

96. The following are the tenets of individual psychology.

a. the value of all human activity must be seen

b. personality is unified and self-consistent.

c. people's subjective perceptions shape their behavior and personality.

d. the one dynamic force behind people's behavior is the striving for success only.

97. Approval love or acceptance is granted only when a person expresses desirable behaviors and
attitudes.

a. Conditions of worth

b. Conditional positive regard

c. Person

d. Positive regard

98. Identify personal responsibility and feelings of self-acceptance. It emphasizes man's basic goodness,
freedom to make choices & potential for personal growth & self-fulfillment.

a. Humanistic/phenomenological approach

b. Behavioral/social-cognitive approach

c. Psychodynamic approach

d. Trait theory/genetic approach

99. They have a clear purpose in life. They have a well-developed conscience and a strong desire to
serve others.

a. Warm relating of self to others

b. Extension of the sense of self

c. Insight and humor

d. Unifying philosophy of life

100. Misinterpreting an experience to fit it into some aspect of our self-concept.

a. The person lives fully richly in every moment

b. Distortion

c. The person is aware of all experience

d. Denial
ANSWER KEY

1. C 33.A 65.A
2. B 34.A 66.D
3. B 35.C 67.D
4. D 36.D 68.A
5. D 37.D 69.C
6. C 38.C 70.A
7. D 39.D 71.C
8. A 40.D 72.A
9. C 41.B 73.A
10.A 42.A 74.A
11.A 43.D 75.A
12.B 44.C 76.A
13.B 45.D 77.B
14.A 46.C 78.B
15.A 47.A 79.C
16.D 48.D 80.C
17.A 49.A 81.A
18.B 50.D 82.C
19.A 51.B 83.B
20.A 52.D 84.B
21.D 53.C 85.A
22.A 54.A 86.A
23.C 55.D 87.A
24.D 56.C 88.A
25.A 57.A 89.D
26.C 58.B 90.B
27.A 59.D 91.B
28.D 60.D 92.A
29.D 61.D 93.B
30.A 62.B 94.A
31.B 63.C 95.C
32.A 64.C 96.D
97.B 99.D
98.A 100. B

PREPARED BY: C.J.C.