This question is about ammonia and its compounds.

1.
A student heated a sample of ammonium chloride.

The equation for the reaction is:

NH4Cl NH3
⇌ + HCl
ammonium chloride ammonia

(a) One product is ammonia.

What is the name of the product with the formula HCl?

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(b) Ammonia is a gas.

What is the state symbol for ammonia?

✓) one box.
Tick (✓

(aq) (g) (I) (s)

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(c) How does the equation show that the reaction is reversible?

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(d) Complete the sentence.

The forward reaction is endothermic,

so the reverse reaction is ______________________________.

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(e) Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from the box.

concentration rate temperature

Equilibrium is reached when the forward and reverse reactions happen at exactly

the same ______________________________.

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The industrial process to produce ammonia uses a catalyst.

(f) The figure below shows the reaction profile for the reaction with and without a catalyst.

Which letter represents the activation energy for the reaction with a catalyst?

✓) one box.
Tick (✓

A B C D

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(g) Give one reason why using a catalyst reduces costs.

Do not answer in terms of activation energy.

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(h) Ammonia is in a mixture that is used as a household cleaner.

What is a mixture that has been designed as a useful product called?

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(Total 8 marks)

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