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Full Download Test Bank For Principles of Environmental Science 9th Edition Cunningham PDF Full Chapter
Full Download Test Bank For Principles of Environmental Science 9th Edition Cunningham PDF Full Chapter
7) Ideally, science
A) is correct most of the time.
B) tells us what we expected to find.
C) uses new technology.
D) is methodical and logical.
E) proves that our hypotheses are correct.
9) Of the following statements and questions, which is the best example of deductive reasoning?
A) If all insects have six legs, then butterflies have six legs.
B) In repeated tosses of a coin, there is a 50/50 chance of each toss resulting in a "head."
C) How many times will the toss of coins turn "heads-up" if 100 people each toss a coin?
D) Since every insect I have examined so far has six legs, I conclude that all insects must have
six legs.
E) All of these are examples of deductive reasoning.
10) The statement, "Since every insect I have examined so far has six legs, I conclude that all
insects must have six legs." is an example of
A) inductive reasoning.
B) deductive reasoning.
C) hypothesis testing.
D) reductive reasoning.
E) parsimony.
3
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11) Although your sister is not a scientist, she says that she uses scientific techniques in her
everyday life. You do not believe her but she insists it is true. Which of the following examples
could she use to best persuade you that science is used daily?
A) When she cooks, she measures ingredients and puts them together to form something else
(e.g., a cake).
B) When she drives in her car, she hypothesizes about things (e.g., when the red light will turn
green).
C) She put some tomatoes in the sun and some in the shade to see if the sun causes them to ripen
faster.
D) She buys a brand of toothpaste based on statistical data (four out of five dentists recommend
it).
E) She cannot provide any example that would persuade you of using scientific techniques in her
everyday life.
12) A group of concerned citizens are collecting water samples from a local river to detect the
level of nitrogen in the water. They plan to take samples every day for a month and then will
divide the sum by the number of days they sampled. Which of the following answers most
completely describes what the group is trying to do?
A) determine the mean level of nitrogen in the water
B) determine the average level of nitrogen in the water
C) determine the confidence level of the sample
D) both determine the mean level of nitrogen in the water and determine the average level of
nitrogen in the water
E) both determine the average level of nitrogen in the water and determine the confidence level
of the sample
13) Which of the following is not an example of how statistics are used?
A) assessing the general state of a group
B) determining the context of how data was gathered
C) estimating the confidence you can have in the data
D) determining if your group is unusual
E) evaluating the relationship between variables
14) Utilitarian conservationists, including Gifford Pinchot and Theodore Roosevelt, supported
forest conservation in order to provide
A) wildlife habitats in forested areas.
B) untouched, unvisited wilderness areas.
C) homes, jobs, and recreation for people.
D) the scenic beauty found in natural areas.
E) resources, such as natural habitats, for future generations.
15) Biocentric preservationists, first led by John Muir, advocate saving natural areas for their
A) beauty and wildlife habitat.
B) hunting and fishing value.
C) wood and mineral resources for the future.
D) tourism and recreation potential.
E) economic value in cleaning the air and preventing soil erosion.
4
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16) Environmentalism stemming from the publication of Rachel Carson's Silent Spring differed
from earlier North American conservation perspectives by
A) focusing on human population growth.
B) placing more emphasis on pollution problems.
C) emphasizing international problems.
D) encouraging energy efficiency.
E) emphasizing the value of natural resources.
17) At the end of the twentieth century, ________ has/have been added to environmental
thinking.
A) global concerns
B) urban problems
C) water supply and pollution problems
D) human population growth
E) air pollution problems
19) In reading a claim by an atmospheric scientist that ozone depletion is not an actual
environmental problem, a critical thinker would
A) ignore the claim because it does not align with his/her opinions.
B) feel relieved because ozone depletion was such an overwhelming problem.
C) look for evidence that is in line with past experience.
D) look for evidence and background of the source's reliability.
E) acknowledge the claim because an atmospheric scientist is an expert.
21) Evidence of progress in dealing with increasing population problems is best illustrated by
A) current evidence of a stable population in the developing and developed world.
B) a decrease in the average number of children born to each woman.
C) current evidence of a globally stable population growth.
D) the decreasing population growth rate in the United States.
E) current evidence of a stable population in the developing world.
5
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defeats Porras, 261.
Columbus, Christopher, born, 1;
translated, 3;
anecdotes of boyhood, 5;
goes to Pavia, 9;
becomes sailor, 11;
engages in Neapolitan expedition, 12;
deceives sailors or posterity, 13;
does not arrive in Portugal, 16;
does arrive there, 18;
marries, 19;
makes maps, 20;
lives at Porto Santo, 21;
goes to Iceland or elsewhere, 28;
talks to King John, 35;
goes to Spain, 38;
deposited with Quintanilla, 41;
meets Scientific Congress, 43;
goes to Convent of Rabida, 49;
meets committee on exploration, 54;
starts for France, 56;
goes to Palos, 61;
sails on first voyage, 67;
keeps false reckoning, 72;
discovers San Salvador, 89;
sails for Spain, 97;
wrecked, 102;
founds colony, 105;
sees Mermaids, 110;
displays seamanship, 115;
arrives at Azores, 116;
arrives at Palos, 125;
flattens egg, 135;
sails on second voyage, 138;
discovers Dominica, 141;
returns to Spain, 191;
loses popularity, 196;
sails on third voyage, 200;
discovers Trinidad, 204;
invents ingenious theory, 205;
arrives at Hispaniola, 208;
arrested, 228;
sent to Spain, 229;
arrives in Spain, 230;
sails on fourth voyage, 237;
reaches Honduras, 240;
searches for Panama Canal, 240;
founds colony at Veragua, 243;
sails away, 250;
reaches Jamaica, 251;
manages lunar eclipse, 258;
reaches Hispaniola, 262;
returns to Spain, 264;
dies, 268;
is extensively buried, 268;
perhaps is a sun-myth, 269;
character, 284.
Columbus, Diego, born, 4;
Governor of Isabella, 162;
sent to Spain to wait for opening in Connecticut, 177;
returns to Hispaniola, 187;
arrested by Bobadilla, 227.
Columbus, Dominico, combs wool, 3.
Compass, variation of, 55.
Congress of Salamanca, 46;
its tediousness, 45.
Correo, Pedro, 21;
he winks, 25;
is talked to death, 34.
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