NAME:

Sopela field trip handout

Geological map of Basque-Cantabrian Basin

Geological map of Uribe-Kosta area

The field trip consists of visiting the Sopela beach, along which we will make
several stops. Questions will be asked at each stop (see below).

F
E

A
B
STOP A

A) Study the outcrop and identify and list the types of rock and fossils present.

B) Study the outcrop and identify and list the types of way-up indicators present.

STOP B

A) Study the outcrop and identify and list the types of rock and minerals present.
What identification criteria did you use?

B) Why do these materials occur between Upper Cretaceous and Eocene rocks?
STOP C

A) Study the outcrop and identify and list the types of rock present.

B) Go to the seashore and have a look at the outcrop. Make a drawing of the
outcrop that includes the main geological structures.

STOP D

A) Study the outcrop and identify, list and draw the types of fossils present. Are
they molds (internal or external) or the shell?

B) Determine the strike and dip of the main bedding.

STOP E

A) List the names of two fossil groups that did not survive the
Cretaceous-Paleogene (K/Pg) mass extinction event.

B) After the K/Pg boundary, as we approach stop F, we encounter Upper

Cretaceous materials again. How is this possible?

STOP F

A) Study the outcrop and identify and list the types of rock present.

B) Study the outcrop and identify, list and draw the types of trace fossils
present. What is the paleoenvironment?

C) Study the outcrop and identify, list and draw the types of sedimentary
structures present. Are there any way-up indicators
 Low density turbidite

Q)
ro
(.) o
z
MUO SANO GRAVEL
� e B B �
� � vf m ve � a> o o
ü (/) f e c::n a. ü .o

... :.·. ·.:..

.. ..
. .· . ...· ..... .. .
.
. ..
•

:::-::. ••♦::: • ♦

'e' - mud

'd' - laminated silt

'e' - cross-laminated,
lower flow regime
ripples

'b' - laminated sand,

upper flow regime
plane beds

---
'a' - massive, rapid
deposition (upper
flow regime)

Scoured base

Fig. 4.29 The 'Bouma sequence' in a turbidite deposit.