DIABETES

A special topic presentation by Arielle Kate Estabillo

DIABETES
Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas
does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot
effectively use the insulin it produces.
Hyperglycemia is a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes
It is a major cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks,
stroke, and lower limb amputation.
Between 2000 and 2019, there was a 3% increase in diabetes
mortality rates by age.
In 2019, diabetes and kidney disease due to diabetes caused an
estimated 2 million deaths.
Source: WHO
DIABETES
PSA data showed that deaths due to diabetes mellitus ranked
fourth in 2020 at 37,265, after heart diseases (99,680), cancer
(62,289), and cerebrovascular diseases (59,736).
4 million adults in the Philippines are diagnosed with diabetes and
common comorbidities and complications with type 2 diabetes,
including heart disease.
More than 32 percent of those with type 2 diabetes have
cardiovascular complications, while more than 87 percent are
either overweight or obese

Sources: Philippine Statistics Authority and Philippine Heart Association

TYPE 1
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by deficient
insulin production and requires daily
administration of insulin.
Symptoms include excessive excretion of
urine (polyuria), thirst (polydipsia), constant
hunger, weight loss, vision changes, and
fatigue.
Diet and lifestyle habits don’t cause type 1
diabetes.

Source: WHO and CDC

TYPE 2
Type 2 diabetes results from the body’s
ineffective use of insulin.
More than 95% of people with diabetes have
type 2 diabetes.
Symptoms may be similar to those of type 1
diabetes but are often less marked.

Source: WHO and CDC

RISK FACTORS
children of diabetics
obese people
people with
hypertension
people with high
cholesterol levels
people with sedentary
lifestyles

Source: DOH
PREVENTION
achieve and maintain a
healthy body weight;
be physically active
eat a healthy diet,
avoiding sugar and
saturated fats; and
avoid tobacco use

Source: WHO
DIABETES AND MENTAL HEALTH
Untreated mental health issues can make diabetes worse, and
problems with diabetes can make MH issues worse. But if one gets
better, the other tends to get better, too.
People with diabetes are 2 to 3 times more likely to have
depression than people without diabetes.
People with diabetes are 20% more likely than those without
diabetes to have anxiety at some point in their life.
Another frequent issue patients struggle with is disordered eating.

Source: CDC and APA

DIABETES AND MENTAL HEALTH
These approaches have been shown to help with diabetes distress:
Make sure you’re seeing an endocrinologist for your diabetes care.
Ask your doctor to refer you to a mental health counselor who
specializes in chronic health conditions.
Get some one-on-one time with a diabetes educator so you can
problem-solve together.
Focus on one or two small diabetes management goals instead of
thinking you have to work on everything all at once.
Join a diabetes support group

Source: CDC and APA

THANK YOU!