What is a Manifesto?

A manifesto is a published declaration of the intentions, beliefs, motives, or views of someone, be it an individual,
group, political party, or government. It is usually political (for election purposes) or artistic in nature.

However, there are also other types of manifestos that may or may not contain an argument like:

Types of Manifestoes

1. Creeds (Religious Beliefs). These are set of religious beliefs, principles, or opinions that strongly influence
the way people live or work.

Example:

The Philippines for Jesus Movement (PJM) declares that the drag performance of Amadeus Fernando Pagente (Pura
Luka Vega) is not only terribly blasphemous, offensive, disrespectful, insulting, insulting, unacceptable and
outrageous to the Christian religion and belief, it also causes a devalued and negative image of Lord Jesus Christ
which Christians hold in highest veneration.

2. Educational Manifesto. These are the values that are adopted in an educational context.

Example:

Students in public schools will not be required to wear uniforms for school year 2022 to 2023 to ease the burden of
students and families in the wake of rising prices and lost livelihood due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

3. Scientific and Technological Manifesto. These are propositions governing scientific and technological
research and ought to be complied.

Example:

We, the proponents of science and technology, recognize the profound impact these fields have on shaping our
world. We advocate for the responsible use of scientific and technological advancements to address urgent
environmental and ecological challenges. Our innovations should promote sustainability and protect biodiversity.

4. Professional Manifesto (pertaining to an individual or organization). This declaration is a combination of

personal mission, purpose, vocation, and passion in one's career.

Example:

I stand before myself and the world, committed to forging my path in the professional realm. Guided by a steadfast
set of principles, I embark on this journey to fulfill my aspirations and contribute meaningfully to society. I will
conduct myself with unwavering integrity and ethics in all professional endeavors. Honesty, transparency, and
fairness are my cornerstones.

4. Personal Manifesto. This is a declaration of one's core values and beliefs, and how a person intends to live
his life.

Example:

I embrace my true self, without pretense or conformity. I vow to be authentic in all aspects of my life, honoring my
uniqueness and valuing the authenticity in others.
Lesson 2

Writing a Position Paper

A position paper is a written proposition of stance on a particular issue by way of sound or logical arguments
supported with evidence. This will require you to air your side of a particular issue, and use your critical thinking
skills. You have to remember that the position paper has an important role to play in the different segments of the
society.

What is a position paper?

A position paper is a discussion of one side of an issue. It tackles one significant issue of a community on which
the author takes a stand. What makes the position paper challenging is that the work aims at convincing readers to
take the author's position and presenting credible evidence.

The thesis statement of a position paper should state an argument about a debatable issue and describe how an
argument is defended. The thesis statement is called an argumentative thesis statement.

Definition and Objective of Various Kinds f Reports

A report is a specific form of writing that is organized around concisely identifying and examining issues, events, or
findings that have happened in a physical sense, such as events that have occurred within an organization, or
findings from a research investigation.
Key Elements and Structure of a Report

Title Page-This page includes the title, the name of the writer/author and affiliation, the name of the department, the
name of the institution, its address, and the month and year of the report is done.

Table of Contents- The page sets out the sections and subsections of the report and their corresponding page
numbers

Abstract-This summarizes the 1) overall purpose and the problem(s); 2) the basic design of the study, 3) major
findings or trends, and, 4) a summary of discussion and conclusions.

Introduction-This part introduces the topic of the report in context, explains the problem, states the aim’s, and
provides the hypotheses

Methodology- This section is a description of the materials and procedures used, describes the sampling and
samples, and specifies the instruments used and techniques employed.

Results and Discussion-This section presents the findings through pictures, tables, or graphs and the interpretations
and analyses should be linked to literature

Conclusions-This is the summing up of the paper and should relate back to the introduction and reiterate the findings

Recommendations-This section calls a set of actions based on the evidence that has been gathered and analyzed in
the report.

References-This is a list of sources used for in-text citation which are alphabetically arranged.

Appendix-This is a section at the end of an academic report where extra information that does not fit into the main
text are included.