AWUA CLSO/A23-50 91 MM 0783350 OSOD2SS 185 mm ‘American Water Works Association ANSVAWWA C150/A21.50-91 (Revision of ANSVAWWA C150/A21 50-81) a AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR THE THICKNESS DESIGN OF DUCTILE-IRON PIPE Secretariats AMERICAN GAS ASSOCIATION AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION Bffective date: Mar. 1, 1992 Approved by AWWA Board of Directors June 28, 1991, Approved by American Notional Standards Institute In., Nov. 14, 1991 Published by AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION 6666 West Quincy Avanua, Denver, Colorado 80235AWWA CLSO/A21.50 93 MH 0783350 OSO02St O11 ow AWWA Standard ‘This document is an American Water Works Ascociation (AWWA) standard. It is not a specification, AWWA wtandards describe minimum requirements and do not contain all of the engineering anv ‘administrative information normally contained in specifications. The AWWA standard uwually con ‘ain options thet must be evaluated by the user of the standard. Until each optional feature i ‘specified by the usor, the product ar service is not fully defined. AWWA publication of a standard AWWA C3SO/A2L.50 93 MM 0783350 OSOU2S7 TSS mm Committee Personnel Subcommittee No, 1, Pipe, which reviewed this standard, had the following perscnnel at the time: Philip A. Selig, Chair ‘Troy F. Stroud, Vice-Chair Consumer Members General Interest BW. Franklin Members Alan Shinoman KM. Bell ‘MG. Hoover SH. Miller WH. Smith Producer Members D.R. Charko CM, McDaniel David Cleveland TJ. Muntz W.W. Holmes IV PA. Selig Harold Kennedy Jr. TF. Stroud CM. Luna, TH. Upehurch AWWA Standards Committee A21, Ductile-Iron Pipe and Fittings, which reviewed and approved this standard, had the following personnel at the time of approval: Richard B. Hargraves, Chair CM. Lana, Vice-Chair Bruce R. Elms, Secretary Consumer Members GS. Allen, Avatar Utilities Ine., Coral Gables, Fla. RE. Hargraves, Indiana-American Water Company, Muncie, Ind. G.L. Mahon, St. Cloud Public Utilities, St. Cloud, Minn. PJ. Schreiber, San Jose Water Company, San Jose, Calif. CR Schwenker, Fairfax County Water Authority, Merrifield, Va. G.A. Seibel, Wolf Creek Highway Water District, Beaverton, Ore. Alan Shineman, City of Manhattan, Manhattan, Kan, AM. Tinkey, St Louis County Water Company, St. Louis, Mo. D.L. Tippin, Tampa Water Department, Tampa, Fla, General Interest Members KM. Boll, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., Northbrook, TI. BR. Elms,* Standards Engineer Liaison, AWWA, Denver, Colo. Copyrtant My he QRERLON UATER WORKS ASSOCIATION cent?‘Joseph Goss,* Whitman & Howard Corporation, Wellesley, Mass. KW, Henderson, Maleolm Pimie Ine., White Plains, N.Y. ‘MG. Hoover, HYA Consulting Engineers, Pasadens, Calif. W.B. Jeffcoat, CH2M Hill, Montgomery, Ala. E\T, Knudsen Jr,, City of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Fla. D.H, Rukuk, Boyle Engineering Corporation, San Diego, Calif. ‘J.B. McClelland, McClelland Consulting Engineors, Little Rock, Ark. ‘JH. Miller, JHM Enterprises, Oakville, Ont. E.W. Misichko,* Underwriters Laboratories Inc., Northbrook, II BLL. Searpa, Metcalf & Eddy Inc., Wakefield, Mass, W.H. Smith, W.H. Smith & Associates, Flora, Il Producer Members David Cleveland, Union Foundry Corapany, Anniston, Ala. M.B. Harrington, Harrington Corporation, Lynchburg, Va. B.C. Heltoa,* American Cast Iron Pipe Company, Birmingham, Ala. 1. Jackson, Tyler Pipe Industries, Tyler, Texas Harold Kennedy Jr., EBAA Iron Inc., Eastland, Texas CM. Luna, McWane Cast Iron Pipe Company, Birmingham, Ala. PL McGrath Jr., US Pipe & Foundry Company, Birmingham, Ala P.A. Selig, American Cast Iron Pipe Company, Birmingham, Ala TF. Stroud, Ductile Iron Pipe Research Association, Birmingham, Als. TH. Upchurch, Griffin Pipe Producta Company, Lynchbarg, Va. AWWA C3S0/A21.50 92 MH 0789350 OS002S8 994 mm (NEWWA) AWWA) AWWA) AWWA} cawwa) (AWWA) (AWWA) (csa) (OL) (NEWWA) cAWWA) (DIPRA) (AWWA) (DIPRA) (AWWA) cawwa) (IPRA) (IPRA) (IPRA) (DIPRA)AWWA C150/A23-50 92 MH 0783350 0500259 820 mm Foreword 1 History of Standard.. TE Major Revisions... IN Information Regarding Use of This Standard IV Exposure to Hazardous ‘Materials—Permeation, V Modification to Standard, vI : Figure 60.1 Standard Pipe Laying Conditions, we Tables 50.1 Earth Loads Pe, Truck Loads Pt, and Trench Loads Pe, 50.8 509 50.10 co 50.12 50.13 0.14 50.16 Design Vatues for Standard Laying Condition ‘Allene for Casting ‘Nominal Thicknessea for ‘Standard Pressure Classes of Ductile-Iron Pipe ve Surface Load Factors for Single ‘Truck on Unpaved Road, Diameter-Thickness Ratios for Laying Condition Type 1. Diameter~Thickness Ratios for Laying Condition Type 2 Diametor-Thicknoss Ratios for Laying Condition Type 3.. Diameter-Thickness Ration for Laying Condition Type 4.. DiamoterThickness Ratios for Laying Condition Type 5. ‘Thickness for Earth Load Plus ‘Track Load... ‘Thickness for Internal Pressure. Rated Working Preseure and ‘Maximum Depth of Cover... Special Thickness Classes of Duetile-fron Pipe.. Sev bythe. smtc wen Yom aSSoctION cu)AuWA C2SD/A23.50 93 MH 0743350 OSODZLO Su2 mm Foreword ‘This foreword is for information only and is not a part of ANSILAWWA C150/A21.50 L History of Standard. American National Standards Committee A21, Cast- Iron Pipe and Fittings, was organized in 1926 under the sponsorship of the Ameri- an Gas Association (AGA), the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), the American Water Works Association (AWWA), and the New England Water Works Association (NEWWA), Between 1972 and 1984, the cosccretariats were AGA, AWWA, and NEWWA, with AWWA serving as administrative secretariat, In 1984, the committee became an AWWA committee with the name of American ‘Water Works Association Standards Committee A21 on Ductile-Iroa Pipe and Fit- tings. In 1988, NEWWA withdrow as a separate secretariat; however, it continues to maintain its representation on the AWWA A21 Committee, The committee remains cosponsored by AGA for gas-related activities. ‘The present scope of AWWA Committee A21 activity is the development of standards and manuals addressing ductile-iron presaure pipe for gas, water, and other liquids, and ductile-iron and gray-iron fittings for uae with auch pipe, These standards and manuals include design, dimensions, materials, coatings, linings, joints, accessories, and methods of inspection and testing, ‘The work of AWWA Committee A21 is conducted by suboommittees, The scope ‘of Subcommittee 1, Pipe, includes the periodic roview of all current A21 standards for pipe, the preparation of revisions and new standards when needed, as well as. other matters pertaining to pipe standards. ‘The first edition of A21.50, American National Standard for the Thickness Design of Ductile-Iron Pipe, was issued in 1965, and rovisions were issued in 1971, 1976, and 1981. The standard was reaffirmed without revision in 1986. Sabeommit tee 1 reviewed the 1981 edition and submitted a proposed revision to AWWA Btan- dards Commitice A21 in 1990, I, Major Revisions. Major revisions made in this edition of ANSVAWWA. (C160/A21.50 include incorporating a pressure class designation for ductile-iron pips and adding 60 in. and 64 in. (1500 mm and 1600 mm) sizes, The outside diameter of 54-in, (1400-men) pipe was also changed. Tables and examples have been revised to reflect these changes. Provious standard thickness classes of duetile-iron pipe have ‘been designated as special classes as noted in Sec. 50-5 and as shown in Table 0.15. Other changes include the deletion of Appendix A, Matric Tables, and the addition of metric conversion factors to the appropriate tables. Il. Information Regarding Use of This Standard. The purpose of this standard is to provide pipeline designers with a recommended design procedure and associated tabular data necessary to establish the wall thickness(es) required for buried ductile-iron pipe based on the type of pipe embedment, dopths of trench ‘cover, live load conditions, internal working pressures, and surge conditions appro. Priate for the specific pipeline project. Once the required wall thiclness(es) has bee ‘established, the ductile-iron pipe should be specified to be manufactured in accor. dance with ANSVAWWA C15V/A21.51. ANSVAWWA C15V/A21.51 contains options ‘that must be addressed in the purchaser's specifications to tailor the standard to the site-specific project requirements TV. Exposure to Hazardous Materiale—Permeation. The selection of materials is critical for water service and distribution piping in locations where Gopurtahe by he AMERICAN UATER WORKS ASSOCIOION co?AWWA CR50/A2).50 93 MH 0783350 OSOD2E1 465 mm ‘there is likelihood the pipe will be exposed to significant concentrations of pollutants composed of low-molecular-weight petroleum products or organic solvents or their vapors. Research has documented that pipe materials such as polyethylene, poly- butylene, polyvinyl chloride, and asbestos cement; and elastomers, uch as used Jointing gaskets ‘and packing glands; may be subject to permeation by lower molecular-weight organic solvents or petroleum products, If a water pipe must pass, through such a contaminated area or an area subject to contamination, consult with pipe manufacturors regarding permeation of pipe walls, jointing materials, and 20 forth, before selecting materials for use in that area, 'V. Modification to Standard. Any modification of the provisions, definitions, or terminclogy in this standard must be provided in the purchaser's specifications. VL Acceptance. Government legislative and regulatory bodies at national ‘and state or provincial levels promulgate rules that may control the uso of product described in ANSVAWWA C150/A21.50. AWWA does not obtain or provide information about all of the actual or proposed regulations in the many invelved Jurisdictions. The user of this standard is cautioned to determine that the use of products deseribed in this standard conforms to all applicable laws and regulations ‘Questions cancerning laws and regulations should be referred to the appropriate regulatory agency. Consensus standards have been developed for direct and indirect additives from produets that come in contact with potable water. Manufactured products cov- ered by ANSVAWWA C15(A21.50 eventually may be required to be certified to ‘meet those standards. Questions regarding additives should be referred to the appropriate state regulatory agency. VIL Metrication. Throughout the body of thie standard, direct metric con versions (rounded) are set in parentheses next to US customary units and are not those specified in International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards. ‘pu laht by. the ERICA URTER WORE: AESOCIATION cen?AWWA CLSO/A2%.50 9% MM 0783350 OSO02G2 335 mm ‘This page intentionally blank. oprtant by he AMERICAN UATER WORK ASBOCIATON cen?AWWA C450/A21.50 9% MM 0783350 0500263 25) mm ‘American Water Works Association \ ANSVAWWA C150/A21.50-91 (Revision of ANSVAWWA C150/A21.50-81) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR THE THICKNESS DESIGN OF DUCTILE-IRON PIPE Sec. 50-1 Scope This standard covers the thickness design of ductileion pipe complying with the requirements of ANSIVYAWWA C1SV/A21.51, Ductile-fron Pipe, Centrifugally Cast, for Water or Other Liquids, ‘Section 50-2 outlines the design procedure and Sec. 50-3 gives a design example. Section 50-4 explains the basis of design, ‘As opposed to using procedures in Sec. 50-2 or Sec. 50-4, the designer may reference Tables 60.12 through 50.14 directly. ‘Table 50.12 lists thicknesses for standard laying conditions and cortain depthe of cover. ‘Table 60.13 lists thicknesses for 150-360 psi (1030-2410 kPa) water working pressure, ‘The greater thickness from Table 50,12 or 60.13 for given tench load or inter- nal pressure should be used. ‘Table 50.14 lists working pressures and maximum depths of cover for standard laying conditions and standurd pressure classes. ‘Table 50.15 liste special thickness classes of ductile iron pipe. Sec. 50-2 Procedure for Calculating Thickness ‘The thickness of ductile-iron pipe is determined by considering trench load and internal pressure separately. 60-2.1 Step 1—Design for trench load. a, Determine trench load A. Table 50.1 gives trench load, including earth load Ps, plus truck load Pi, for 2.5-82 fe (0.8-9.8 m) cover. ‘American National Standards Institute Ine, 11 Woat 42nd St, New York, NY 10096,AWWA CLSQ/A23-50 9b MM 0783350 OSO02H4 158 mm 2 ANSVAWWA.CIBOK21.60.91 ’. Determine the standard laying condition from the descriptions in Table 60.2 ‘and select the appropriate table for diameter-thickness ratios from Tables 50.7 through 50.11. Each table lists diameter-thickness ratios calculated for both bend- ing stress and deflection over a range of trench loads, ¢. For bending-stress design, enter the column headed “Bending-Stress Design” in the appropriate table of Tables 50.7 through 50.11, and locate the tabulated trench load Py nearest to tho calculated Py from paragraph 50-2.1.0. (if the caleu- Inted Py is halfway between two tabulated values, use the larger P, value) Soloct the corresponding D/ value for this Divide the pipe’s outside diameter D (Table 50.6) by the D/t value te obtain net thickness f. d. For deflection design, enter the column headed “Deflection Design” in the appropriate table of Tablea 50.7 through 50.11, and locate the tabulated trench load Po nearest to the calculated P, from paragraph 60-2.1.a. (If the calculated Py is less than the minimum Py listed in the table, design for trench load is not controlled by deflection and this determination need not be completed.) If the calculated Py it halfway betwoen two tabulated values, use the larger Py value, Select the corresponding D/t1 value for this Py Divide the pipe's outside diameter D (Table 60.5) by the D/t value to obtain ‘minimum manufacturing thickness t1. Deduct 0.08 in. (2.0 mum) serviee allowance to obtain net thickness z. NOTE: Service allowanee equals 0.08 in. (2.0 mm) for ell sizes of ductile-iron pine. ¢. Compare the net thicknesses from Steps c and d and select the larger of the two, This will be the net thickness required for trench load. 80-2.2 Step 2—Design for internal pressure. Calculate the net thickness for internal pressure using the equation for hoop stress: PD t=. BD 38 ‘net thickness, in. (mm) design internal pressure, psi (kPa) = 2(Py + Px) work i Oa) Px__= surge allowance, 100 psi (689 KPa) D = outside diamotor of pipe, in. (mma) S = minimum ylld strength ia tension = 42,000 pei (289.6 MPa) | If anticipated surge pressures are greater than 100 psi (689 kPa), the maxi- ‘mum anticipated pressure must be used. 50-23 Step 3—Selection of net thickness and addition of allowances, 1. Select the net thickness ¢ from Step 1 or 2, whichever thickness is larger. b. Add the service allowance of 0.08 in, (2.0 mm) to the net thickness f. The resulting thickness is the minimum manufacturing thickness t1, ©. Add the casting tolerance from Table 50.3 to the minimum manufacturing thickness f1. The resulting thickness is the total calevlated thickness. 50-24 Step 4—Selection of standard pressure class. Use the total calculated ‘thickness from Sec. 60-2.3.c to select a standard preseure-class thickness from Sarath th etc wan vom assoctation cySate AWWA CASO/A2%-50 9% MH 0783350 OSOOeLS O24 mm ‘THICKNESS DESIGN OF DUCTILEIRON PIPE 3 Table 50.5. When the calculated thickness is between two standard thicknesses, select the larger of the two. ‘When specifying and ordering pipe, use the pressure class listed in Table 50.5 for this standard thickness. (NOTE: On specific projects, manufacturers may be will- ing to furnish pipe with thicknesses that fall between standard classes.) 50.2.6 Alternative procedure. The appropriate standard pressure class may also be determined by using the Design Equations in Sec, 50-4 Sec. 50-3 Design Example for Calculating Thickness Problem: Calculate the thickness for 30-in, (750-mm) ductile-iron pips bedded in loose soil for a minimum depth of 4 in. (102 mm), backfill lightly consolidated to top of pipe, laying condition ‘Type 3, under 10 f (3 m) of cover for a warking pres. ‘sure of 150 pai (1034 kPa). ‘50-31 Step I—Design for trench load. a. Earth load (Table 50.1) Py 8.3 psi ‘Truck load (Table 60.1); = 0.7 pai ‘Trench load, Py = Pe + Pr b, Select Table 60.9 for diameter-thickness ratios for laying condition ‘Type 3. ©. Entering Ps of 9.0 psi in Table 50.3, the bending stress design requires D/¢ of 163, From Table 50.5, diameter 2 of 30-in. pipe is $2.00 in. Net thickness ¢ for bending stress = D/(D/1) = $2.00/163 = 0.20 in. 4. Also, from Table 60.9, the deflection design requires D/t1 of 136. Minimum thickness f1 for deflection design = D_ 32.00 _ Big = 0:24in tt Deduct service allowance 0.08 in, Net thickness for deflection control = 016in, ¢. The larger net thickness is 0.20 in., obtained by the design for bending stress, 50:3.2 Step 2—Desiyn for internal pressure. Pi = 20 Pw + Ps) = 2.0 (working pressure + 100 psi surge allowance) ERR S20 (working Prosoure + 100 pai surge allowance) (if anticipated surge pressures are greater than 100 psi [689 kPal, then the ‘actual anticipated pressures must be used.) Pr = 2.0(180 + 100) 500 psi Pwd _ 500% 22.00 f= 9s = 242,000 0.19 in, Net thickness ¢ for internal pressure is 0.19 in, 503.8 Step 3—Selection of net thickness and addition of allowances. The larger of the thicknesses is given by the design for trench load, Slop 1, and 0.20 in is selected.“AWWA C350/A2}-50 92 MH 0783350 OSO02EE TED Mm 4A ANBVAWWA c1s0;AaLE0.91 ‘Net thickness Service allowance ‘Minimum thickness Casting tolerance ‘Total calculated thickness 80-84 Step 4 Selection of standard thickness and pressure clase. ‘The total calculated thickness of 0.35 in, is larger than 0.34 in,, Class 150. Therefore, Class 200 is selected for specifying and ordering. Sec. 80-4 Design Method 50-4.1 Ductile-iron pipe thickness. The thickness of ductileiron pipe is deter. ‘mined by considering trench load and intornal pressure separately. Calculations are made for the thicknesses required to resist the bending stress and the deflection caused by trench load, The larger of the two is selected thickness required to resist trench load. Calculations are then made for the ‘ness required to resist the hoop stress of internal pressure. ‘The larger of these is selected as the net design thickness. To this net Uhick- ness is added a service allowance to obtain the minimum manufacturing thickness and a casting tolerance to obtain the tatal calculated thickness. ‘The standard thickness and the pressure class for specifying and ordering are selected from the table of standurd pressure claus thicknesses (Table 50.5). ‘The reverse of the precoding procedure is used to detarmino tho rated working pressure and maximum depth of cover for pipe ofa given pressure class. 50-42 Trench load Ps. Trench load is expressed as vertical pressure in pounds per aquare inch Gkilopascala) and is equal to the sum of earth load Pe and truck Toad Pr 50-4.3 Earth load Ps. Barth load is computed by Eq 4 for the weight of the ‘unit priam of aol with a eight equal tothe distance from the top ofthe pipe to the ground surface. The unit weight of backfill soil is taken to be 120 Iit* (1922 p/m’), If the designer anticipates additional loads, the design load should be incroased accordingly. 50-44 Truck load Pi. The truck loads shown in Tuble 60.1 were compated by Eq 5 using the surface-load factors in Table 60.6 and the reduction factors F from Table 60.4 for a single AASHTO 1-20 truck on unpaved road or flexible pavement, 16,000-b (7257-k) wheel toad, and 1.5 impact factor. The surface-load factors in Table 50.6 were calculated by Eq 6 for a single concentrated wheel load cantared over an effective pipe length of 8A. (0.9 m). 5045 Design for trench load. Tables 50.7 through 60.11, the diometer— thickness ratios tables used to design for trench load, were computed with Eqe 2 and 3. Equation 2 in based on the bonding stress at the bottom of the pipe. The design bending stress f is 48,000 psi (331 x 10° kPa), which provides at least a 1.5 safety factor based on minimum ring yield strength and a 2.0 safety factor based on ultimate strength. Equation 3 is based on the dellection of the pipe ring section. ‘The design deflection Ax is 3 percent of the outside diameter of the pipe, which is well below the deflection that might damage cement linings. Design valuer of the trench parameters BY, Ks, and Ks are given in Table 50.2 ‘Tables similar to Tables 50.7 through 50.11 may be compiled for laying, condi tions other than those shown in this standard by calculating the trench loads Pa forAWWA CLS50/A21.50 9% Ml 0783350 0500267 917 am THICKNESS DESIGN OF DUCTILEARON FIR & 2 series of diameter-thickness ratios, D/t and D/t1, using Eqs 2 and 3 with values of’, Kp, and Ke appropriate to the bedding and backfill conditions. Design Equations ‘oD ALH-B a, a a2 pa Ae” BP NoTB: In By 6, angles are in radians. Explanation of Symbols Used in Design Equations Outside radius of pipe. For A in feot, Din inches: A = Di24 (For A in ‘metres, D in millimetres: A = D/2000) Conversion factor. For pounds-per-square-foot to pounds-per-square- ih: a = 144 (For Rilograms-per-square-metre to kilopascals: @ = 102) 1.5 9 (0.457 m) Conversion factor. For pounds-per-linear-foot to pounds-per-square- inch: 6 = 12 (Por kilograms-per-linear-metre to kil 2 = 0.091) Surface load factor: see Table 50.6. Outside diameter, in inches (rnillimetres): see Table 60.5. opsmight by the MERA URTER WORKS ASSOCIATION cnAWMA CLSO/A23.50 92 Ml 0783350 OSO02b4 833 6 ANSVAWWA C3s0/A21.80-01 Modulus of elasticity: 24 x 10* psi (165.5 x 10° kPa) see Table 50.2. Impact factor: 1.5 Design bending stress: 48,000 psi (331 x 10° kPa) Depth of cover, in feet (metres) Bending moment coefficient: see Table 50.2. Deflection coefficient: aee Table 50.2, Wheel load: 16,000 1b (7267 kg) Earth load, in pounds per aquare inch (kilopaseals) ‘Modulus of soil reaction, in pounds por aquare inch (kilopaseals): Design internal pressure, in pounds per square inch (megapaseals) ‘Ps = 2 (working pressure + 100 psi [0.69 MPa] surge allowance) » ‘Truck load, in pounds per square inch (kilopaseals) Py ‘Trench load, in pounds per square inch (kilopascals): Po = Pe + Pi » Roduction factor, which takes account of the fact that the part of the pipe directly below the wheels is aided in carrying the truck lead by adjacent parts of the pipe that reesive little or no load from the wheels: see Table 50-4, $= Minimum yield strength in tension: 42,000 psi (289.6 MPa) ' Net thickness, in inches (millimetres) = Minimum manufaeturing thickness, in inches: f) = ¢ + 0.08, Gn millimetres: t1 = ¢ + 2.0) Soil weight: 120 Ibvf? (1922 kg/m’) x = Design deflection, in inches (millimetres): Ax - 0.08D Sec. 60-5 Special Thickness Classes For design conditions not covered in Tables 60.12, 50.13, and 60.14, special ormerly standard) thickness classes shown in Table 60.15 continue to be a opr tant bythe AMERICAN UATER WORKS AGOOCIATION lable.AWWA ChSO/A2}.50 52 MM 0783350 OSO0269 777 mm THICKNESS DESIGN OF DUCTILE.ARON PIPE 7 ‘Table 50.1 Earth Loads Pe, Truck Loads Pr, and Trench Loads Py — psi O_O 34in. Pipe in. Pipe Gin, Pipe Pe AP mF a8 19 99 73 OB 73 88 18 4400770 4a oT 72 3072 30 72 m 2111 2.74 TA 1874 16 74 79 120 78 1219 8s 10 85 1088. 94 08 93 os 94 108 06 108. os 106 wa 04 uaa oa 2a 136 = 03.136 03 136 169 02 169 02 139 20.1 oa 201 0a 20a 234 ol 334 01 234 268 oa 288 1 258 12in, Pipe 14in. Pipe 16.in. Pipe Pe PB rR 108 a2 108 a7 97 94 62 BT a 1 1 TA a ma m1 70 a ATA TL 10 cay 14. 14 18 19 19 73 19 85 a5 85. as Px aL a1 8a 105 105 105 105 12a ya ya wa 133 136 136 138 3136 167 169 169 169 169 200 201 21 a 20.L 20.1 223.3 24 234 234 204 257 1255 268 1268 268 Noms: To couver inches (a) to allies Ge, waliply by 25.4; to convert feet (to mci (al, molly by 0.5048; 1 convert pounda par aguare ach pn) to Hopeacels Pa), snlpty by 6.895. Table continued next page. Seep bythe, smentcon wren vos association cay8 ANSUAWWA Ciso/Aat.t0.91 Table 50.1 Earth Loads Pe, Truck Loads Ps, and Trench Loads P, — psi (continued) AWWA CAS0/A23.50 92 MM 0783350 0500270 493 am Depth of 18.in. Pipe 20.in. Pipe 2%in. Pipe —04n. Pipe 36.in. Pipe Cover [a a a PP RB Pe 25 21° «#478 09 76 06 71 82 88 628s 9 25 59 84 57 @2 S478 7 4914 4 33 89 72 39 72 36 68 6834 GT 5 42 26 68 28 68 24 66 66 23a 6 50 19 69 19 69 17 67 67016 7 88 1A 72 1k 78 aga m 1387 @ 67 12 79 1 ote 410078 dh a.oag 9 75 10 85 09 84 09 84 09 8A oats 1 83 © 08 81) 078 07° 90 «07 «99 «or go 12 10005 10581085 05 105 «05 105 0105 4 7 oa ado aad 04 i og 2k ota 16 13303 135 0898 sks 188k ISB 2% 167 02 169 02 169 02 169 02 169 % 20 01 202 01 21 02 201 ot 30 2% v3 01 Be 01 284 = OL 34 oda 82 6701268 01 268 01 288 oa Depth of ‘in, Pipe Stin.Pipe 60in. Pipa G4.in. Pipe Cover — a Ahm Ln ee 25 21 58 79 54 78 BO Tl 448 69 46 ee 3 2 46 11 44 69 4166 39 64 38 83 4 939 33 6s a1 64 30 63 29 62k 5 42 23 65 aga 21 63°21 Sk 6 50 17 67 16 66 16 66 16 66 18 65 7 58 13 71 12 10 12070 12 91220 8 67 10 77 10 a7 19 77 10 7 oa 9 75 08 83 of 83 08 83 08 @3 08 as 10 83 Oo? 99 © 070 07 90 07 90 07 90 12 100 05 105) 05105 05 105 08 105 08 105 “Mom 04 nod aaa 04 121 04 «121k att 6 13303 138 os 188 03 136 «603 188 0386 2% 167 «02 16902108 02 169 02 169 02 189 2% 20 oa 201 © 01204 01 202 01 201 oad 2% 233 01 234 oad 01 234 01 234 on 234 32267 01 268 01268 01 268 01 268 ot 238 ‘Nomi: To convert laches (in) wo millimetre (a, lh to convert pound per square ach (pa) Kilopascal Pa, Serelaht by tm SER. UOTER WORKS ASSOCIATION CM) py ‘ipl by 6.506, ‘254; to convert oct (Rm metre (ma, multiply by 0.048,AWWA ChSO/A2}-50 93 MM 0783350 050027) 328 mm ‘THICKNESS DESIGN OF DUCTILE-JHON PIPE 9 >) ‘Table 50.2 Design Values for Standard Laying Conditions Deseription Flatbottom trench Loom back Flatbotiom trench. Back lightly consolidated to centertne of pipe. Pipe bedded in Table 50.7 Diameter-Thickness Ratios for Laying Condition Type 1° ‘Trench Load (P,)—pei ‘Trench Load (Px)—pei Bonding-Strees Deflection Bending Stress Detection 2 or Dy Design Design ‘Design Design 7 440 aA6 21 461 43 348, 827 466 446 350 8.33 an 450 51 640 476 454 353 648 457 355 638 481 357 8.60 404 359 667 488 361 674 an 363 682 476 3.65 689 480 367 697 484 369 705 488 an 713 492 3am ra 496 3.76 729 378 738 a1 tat 383 12 156 386 181 785 389 180 138 391 149 785 304 148 198 397 ur 8.05, 4.00 8 as, 403 M5 27 4.06 Ma 838 409 us 848 43 a 861 436 Mi 874 400 86 tis fo tis Bas ti isn oar ie oat +0135 5s we ise on to is oar 00 ta 188 ie isos 1020 Na To are pons pr mT et Hoes GP) mall iy TE apr soe be sia 2 Brett Pe mo hes Pt won ated Paley etn re ee Tobe contnusd net page Sopmtoht by the enon URTER UoRES sociation cansAWWA CLS0/42}-50 93 WH 0783350 OSO0276 SOT am 1M ANSVAWWA ciB0a21.5091 Table 50.7 Diameter-Micknes Ratios for Laying Condon Type {* continued) e Troch dP p Trevch Led Ppa ending Sze Daflacion Pert BendingresnDetecion Por 2t Design: Design 1 Design Design a vo caw a bas fe is te ba ss an 0 nas os st neo mat ne os eB nt oes mors uso et Be OREO ie be aes bn ee ees toe net oss me wm ae fs eS ey ao 08S ale ue 0 eS a se 0 in 8 wrk seo uns Be ost mo 0 Oa Meo ke 8 se 0 as wh te 8 oo ose & tro] uss or “som e ioe tees Se eS eo te oo ss 0m Se fe te oie Sas ease ms wos senses ue oe aa an as ke Sie mo 80 os sf Be ae ete YR Teese ru pt age eh ao opal GPO mal Oy AP Toyah Toaseic oa te 2 ror te tbend ent oh eld Ps wen tet alin awa en tad athe mateo 2 should be use. Samteh bythe MEIC URTER WORES SOCIATION cain)AWWA Ch50/A23-50 9b MM 0783350 OSO0277 S4b mm ‘THICKNESS DESIGN OF DUCTILEIRON PIPE 15 ) Table 50.8 Diameter-Thickness Ratios for Laying Condition Type 2° ‘Trench Load (P.)—pei ‘Tronch Load (P.)-pei Bending Detain Bort Datecion Bor Be Design Dosim Design eas 370 736 619 169 Tat 621 168 146 623, 167 51 625 166 131 628 165 143 628 164 169 6.30 163 178 832 162 rat 634 9.60 187 6s? 970 194 639 979 801 989 8.08, 643 999 e16 10.08 823 10.19 eat a1 1029, 123 1049 129 1051 738 1062 142 1073 148 6.64 rose 754 a7 1098 761 670 1108 787 873 at 17% 876 1138 780 79 nas. 187 629 1159 194 646 33 eo 6.89 ust 808 693 a201 86 697 4216 222 101 1231 Aza 105 1246 337 109 i262 844 138 5 12.79 252 zat 12.96 859 122 133 867 128 aan 815 731 3 19 [Nors: To convert pounds per wquare ich (pita Klopacals (KPa, tulip by 688. SE = 300 Datfway between two Table continued nest page Sprvslane oy srMLCnn UATER WORKS ASSOCIATION can?ANSUAWWA C150/A21 50.01 AUWA CLS0/A23-50 92 MH 0783350 0500278 782 we ‘Table 50.8 Diameter-Thickness Ratios for Laying Condition Type 2" (continued) Trench tad Pope Tench Lod pe ending Sewn Daeion Zor 2p BandingSmee Dafecin Port Design Design . Design Design: yn nr is a ie uy 8 mtr Be no et marist MR m0 ORh un ues rn ar ie Ee be Oe OS Ba ke bam be es an 0 oe Be OR 8 ue 0 a0 oy ry nt nn) Ss 4808 tre ea oe bee "0 et te ee su 88S ua as oe ms ta ise ono am bz ims 7 be RSG os ike oo ome 0G os ome ns mw art Se eS an oke | S 0S beast es owen ne ht oe a am mers somes ae Bn ne Be un lake Be oh mr es ne gs Bea ime bythe AEC MATER LORS ASS0C1ATION cot) [Nore To convert pound por aquare fach (pu to Kopala (APS), muliply by 6805, SB = 300 pols By = 0.210: Ke = 0.108. eer Bro tbld Peart th eet Ps sc whe held Psi bliony baAWWA C350/A2).50 91 Mm 0783350 OS00279 614 am ‘THICKNESS DESIGN OP DUCTILE.RON PIPE 17 Table 50.9 Diameter-Thickness Ratios for Laying Condition Type 3° y Trew End Pop ding tess Detctan Bort Design Design vn Sat 729 is th oa is. tno is ih ie sor ss be 613 822 122 133 748 756 168 430 780 “48 12 a to ry a pra ie is 8a as ts ia ta te te ise tts Fis} He 10 189 sar toe ea oes eat ae tio HA is our Te Ten a pan mt pa Pa OO Fr opt Taek oa 11 Por Be eb sete ocala Peet wan he ead sale ewe Qt Pati Table continued next page. Copartahe by he ERICA UATER WORE ASSOCIATION coin?‘AWA CLS50/A21.50 9% WH 0783350 0500280 330 mm 18 ANSLAWWA C1s0/A215091 Table 50.9 Dlameter-Mickness Ratios for Laying Condon Type 3° (continued) e Troch and Ppa Trew Lad Ppa Bending tees Dateien Por 2 Bentng Sinan Deflesion or 2y Design Design Design. Design . 328 tat ae a sar baz toe || aa te tae th ite ne wm tis oat teint Be tir os is Ba 0 it oite seas me ass aa tet be nae is Be ahs te ie bn oo nin ne ist Ba int nl ssa we em te te Re em toe te ie Mg into tin Maem im tee apt doo ans mee eats tm ite Mm gre ie te igs in tae tr ie ior as dee ta ne mi sa 10 wena e tee || tess tae‘ te its nae te im in att ooo se foe EM Be ook ws amas foo tae te ae sis is tetas ce i ce 0 be sit fo bt ozs mana ie oa is Ma ase ist os Ma ae ie en we ast ni sis mo 0 Me nas os ws || ears nae cae || tas ae be vert he 0 seg us ou te bi ee ier cao ta es "None: Te convert pounds per equa ich (pl to Klopencale (KPa), multiply by 664. SE 00 pals Ky = 0.188; Ry» 0.108 2. the 2 or Br tad Pert ed secede hn nad Px ony Den tabla vey the ter o 2 at be sd e Table continued net roe opsrtaht hy the AUER UnTER UORES ASSOCIATION AWWA CASO/A2%-50 92 WM 0783350 0500281 277 am ‘THICKNESS DESIGN OF DUCTILEARON PIPE 19 Table 50.9 Diameter-Thickness Ratlos for Laying Condition Type 3° (continued) » rere a Tree bond Pope Tere Lad Pop Bending reer Dateien Dor Bandanas Deeion Zar Dt Design Design n Design Design iat 1856 9 wai 670 be OS Mo Sear neon Bo BS nam eo | aa bebe ne 8% 21.81 1861 6 3897 46.72 2168 19.09 " 40.33 4935 07 19.59 % 4.78 5199 at 2013, 2 4333 5498 2288 20.80 1 4498 5825 2332 2129 0 46.76 oust 23.78 2198 ry 4856 65.72 28 2260 8 50.71 001 2478 23.92 or 5291 un 24.08 86 55.28 mo92 2488 65 184 8587 25.74 54 60st 92.04 26.68 3 east 99.11 2184 2 6686 106.90 288. a To40 ry naar xo ne sar an sa or fe9 ae ae Et TSP Ts eon pun pr ose nh go opal GPL way Wy OT Be ome ke soiree the Bor treble anarchy been aaa vate mer 2 Pahl ed SSS88 seeeR Serva bth tmntcn waren vonns assocation catsAWUA Ch50/421-50 9% MM 0783350 OSOO282 103 mw 20 ANSVAWWA C1BO/AZ180-01 Table 50.10. Dlameter Thickness Ratios for Laying Condon Type 4° e rece Lod Pp Tench Land pt Banding Sire Dafecion Zoe Bt Bending Strat Datecton Zar 24 Design Design a Design Design 7 503 o7 a0 390 995 op 33 oa oat ane oe nee oo core en oh thos cosa on chee a oot sx om 3 38x00 amo 3 ee ne be Bt s oe be boa cs one bm dows os oe ious eer om 0 nos ea ne iw OURS or dee hun cre lee ne ise SO ise om amo to a0 one bie tne bn dee ome in io Ite te ia bas ist om owe et 0 e oe : betas ome ie toss on et ts tnse tae oa a om ato sae ‘Ss oS Be BS oe Be be ie ode ue nee ne M0 sos 2 oa as0 ms ws? ts oe es oh ser ite iar nets as cae ier ioe) a oo we iose tas ons 69 we ue tees Be ed ue be dee oa. tee ies tes oa ts iat is tors ae on one a [Nara To convert pouada per auare ach (pl to Klopanele Pa), wahiply by 6A, F800 pa, Ke = 0.167, Ke = 0.096 for Us tablaed Ps eareat othe elated Pn acta whea te caclated Ps haley betwen wo tabulated valve, dhe smaller ? or ? should ve wed, e Table continued next pag.AWWA C1SO/42%.50 93 MM 0783350 0500283 ONT mm ‘THICKNESS DESIGN OF DUCTILE-IRON PIPE 21 Table 50.10 Diameter-Thickness Rattes for Laying Condition Type 4* (continued) > ee Design Dor D, Design D 2 Banding ime Detection Bory Design 1078 1030 1oa2 108s, 1087 10.90 1098 10.96 1098 aot 11.04 1107 sTEty 414 a7 n21 124 1128 1131 135 1139 1143 1148 us 1156 1161 1166 un 176 at 1186 n92 1197 3209 72.09 aaas 1222 1228 12.35 1242 160 150 1586 154 152 180 149 8 1966 19.78 19.91 20.06 20.16 2029 2042 20385 20.60 20.82 20.96 2110 2134 21.30 214 21.69 2184 2358 23.78 23.00 24.20 2442 2484 24.88 2512 2537 2583 25.90 26.18 2647 26.77 3250 120 1287 us 1265 us 1278 nT 1282 ue 1291 us 18.00 ae 13.09 us aaa ne 1820 aun 1338 10 3850 109 3361 1108 1a7a 107 19.85 108 1398 105 Mat 104 1424 303 1438 102 1453 1488, 100 1484 @ 1501 98 16.18 97 15.36 96 15.55 95 16.78 * 35.95 93 1637 ra 1639 a 3662 0 1687 a9 m2 a8 41.39 a 1787 ry an97 85 1828 8 1860 a3 1894 2 1930 at "Nota: To convert pounds por square ich (pa to Mlopanals GPO), lily by 6896. SB 500 pis Hp = 0.15%; Ke = 0.096, 10 Por Br th abled Fert othe aed ad Qatar Copurlane by the OMERIOI URTER WORKS ASSOCIATION AWWA CXSO/A2L.50 93 MM 0783350 OSOO2AN Tab mm 22 ANBUAWWA Cis0/A2150-01 Table 50.10 Diameter-Thickness Ratlos for Laying Condition Type 4” (continued) ‘Trench Load (Pe) rnang Soe Datu BrP Design ‘Design #8 700 an % ies ae & hie aa & ai tis & By fe a au si $ Fa ta s Bis a3 é au saat “ ui ae “ use 3 $ ‘ an aie & Bu as a 389 nn 3 sone an 3 et Ee % ans sess % e ed ast s ae fe 3 as ints 2 Tom Tose ran per aie ad (po Mlepecls OPO, malipy by O36. too pin Saleh = Oe tthe Bo Bre tablaed Poser to th eld maid wa the ead P, ie halivay batons two saad vale tn ater Bo? hed byt SEMAN UNTER WORKS aSSOCLATION can)AWA C}50/A23.50 53 MM 0743350 OSD0285 932 mm "THICKNESS DESIGN OF DUCTILE-IRON PLP 23 y Table 50.11 Dlameter-Thickness Ratios for Laying Condition Type S* ‘Trench Load (P,)—pai ‘Trench Load (P,)—pst Bending Street Deftection 2 Dending-Stress Deflection Design Design Design Design 3.06, 16.09 645 1549) 310 15.08 28 148 345 1609 1813 320 16.09 654 114 15.00 668 16.14 15.09 83 16.14 15.09 1514 15.09 1516 15.00 129 3635 18.09 16.15 16.0 163 2548 1510 780 1516 1530 798 16.8 1510 gat 15.6 1520 836 15aT 1520 | 356 367 1510 amt isa7 1840 398 sas 15.10 9.20 1518 15.10 565 943 3519 15.10 560 966 15.19 15.0 oot 16.20 15.0 3016 1820 yea 545 042 1621 aga 40 1069 1622 agar 535 1097 1522 1a 530 1126 1628 1641 525 16 1524 isan 320 1st 1524 a6 515 1219 1525 a6 510 1282 1525 361 505 1266 1527 15.2 500 1280 1537 5.35 15.12 495 1296 1627 48, 15:12 490 18.08 1528 5.56 16.12 485 1323 15.28 ser 1812 480 1337 1529 878 18.12 45 1352 1829 590 1813 470 1367 1520 602 153 465 I 1358 15.30 "Nove: To conver pounds per sqpure lack (pai to klopancls (KPa), rlply by ABR SF 700 pal = 0.125; Ke = 0085, 2D tte P or 2 forthe tabulated P, noaret tothe exlelatedP, fa aclected; when the calculated P, ie halfway between two Qe tere Patt 8888 £2 BEEBE S8ee Table continued nest page. SSElaht by eMC LoTER YORES sociation cain)