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 WINSLOW'S
A COMPREHENSIVE
TANIL AND
ENGLISH
DICTIONARY
Siliiyi-cijifUiSEU
i9iaiTrTS
6ri0.6l]lGSTi%BEUir
 WINSLOW'S
A COMPREHENSIVE
TAMIL AND
ENGLISH
DICTIONARY

GriD.EtilEDTdiBiiUn

M. WINSLOW

ASIAN EDUCATIONAL SERVICES

MEW DELHI MADRAS 995
1
 1 6

ASIAN EDUCATIONAL SERVICES

HAUZ KHAS VILLAGE, NEW DELHI-1 10016.
'31,
CABLE: ASIA BOOKS, PH.: 660187, 668594, FAX: 011-6852805
* 5, SRIPURAM FIRST STREET, MADRAS-600014

First AES Reprint 1979

Second AES Reprint 98 1

Third AES Reprint: 1983

Fourth AES Reprint: 1984
Fifth AES Reprint: 1987

Sixth AES Reprint: 1989

Seventh AES Reprint: 1991

Eighth AES Reprint: 1992
Ninth AES Reprint: 1995

Price: Rs. 595

First Published 1862
ISBN 81-206-0000-2

Published by J Jetley
for ASIAN EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
C-2/ 1 5. SDA New Delhi- 1 1 00 1

Printed at Afif Offset Press

Lalkuan, Delhi- 1 1 0006
 PREFACE.

This Comprehensive Tamil and English Dictionary, as its title indicates, embraces both the Comn.on nml
Poetic Dialects of the Tamil language, including its principal Astronomical, Astrological, Mythological, Botnnicni,
Scientific and Official terms; as also the names of many authors, poets, heroes and gods. Containing, as it

does, upwards' of 30,000 words more than any similar work, it will, it is hoped, be found a- most important help
in acquiring such a knowledge of the language, as will enable the student really to profit by its literature. It

will also be found useful to those who may wish for condensed information on the philosophy, the religion, the
superstitions, and the customs of the Hindus. A few remarks on the relation of the Tamil to some other
languages, may not be here out of place.

Professor Max Muller, in his celebrated lectures, divides nearly all the languages of the world inlo
three main families — the Aryan, Semitic, and Turanian. The Aryan includes the Sanscrit, Greek, ami
Latin; the Semitic is divided into Aramaic, Hebraic, and Arabic; and the Turanian consists of the Tungusic,
Mongolic, Turkic, Finnic and Samoyedic of the North, and the Tamulic, Bhotiya, Taic and Malaic to tlie South.

According to this classification Tamil belongs to the Turanian family. The Rev. R. Cai.i)wi:i.l, i.l.u.

has conclusively shewn that all the Dravidian languages are from the Scythian, and especially, its Finnic branch.
But from affinities traced out by him, in addition to those hereafter given, it would seera tiiat we may go f.irthej ^

back for many roots and forms in these tongues, to some common fountain both for them and for the language's
|
of theIndo-European family, including Sanscrit; nearer to the time when "the whole eartii was of one language." }

He specifies 85 words in the Dravidian, as having Scythian affinities, 31 as Semitic, and 106 connected
j

with the West Indo-European family, distinct from those in Sanscrit.

It appears that some Aryans from the North, as missionaries of religion and civilization, had in a moasuri'
humanized the tribes in the Southern part of the Peninsula, previous to any warlike irruption which perhaps ;

never affected the Southern trib^ as it did the Northern. When Rama, a fabled incarnation of Vishnu, con-
ducted his army of monkeys, or wild men of tlie woods, from Oude to Ceylon, he found in his march holy
asceticsfrom Ar'yavarta, lying between the Imaus and the Vind'hya mountains. Subsequently in the si.xth of
seventh century before Christ, at the head of a similar Colony, we find the celebrated Agastya, called the father
of Tamil. He is said to have learned it from Skanda, the second son of Siva. We are not to suppose that
he formed the Tamil Alphabet. The words 6r(ig^^, letter, and a-ajt^, book, are original Tamil ; and show tlial

such existed before there were -any innovations from Sanscrit, which Agastya himself commenced. He formed
the fxst Tamil Gramilnar. It contained 12,000 Sutras. All is now lost except some fragments preserved
by Tolkapyan, in a Grammar which bears his own name. Agastya wrote voluiuitiously, both in Tamil and
Sanscrit, especially on Medicine ;any of the works now bearing his name are genuine.
but probably few if
In the opinion of the Rev. William Taylor, the able Editor of Dr. Rottler's Dictionary, "there was origi-
.oally one simple homogeneous dialect, spoken by rude, simple aborigines from the Himalaya to Cape Comorin." ^

Mr. Taylor thinks that, "the earliest probable refinement of it was the Pali of the North, and the Tamil ot
i-he extreme South ;" and that, "^he Sanscrit assumed its own form by engrafting numerous Chaldaic terms of
science and othei'S of common use on the old Pali." It is evident I'rom their names, that the Pali must have
been anterior to the Sanscrit, the former signifying root or original, and the latter finish fd or polished
It is stated by Colonel Sykes, that very ancient inscriptions on rocks and coins, are found in Pali and Pracri
four hundred years earll^.v tlian in SanscVit. *

It is said that the language of the Mountaineers of Rnjali Mahal abounds in lernis ideniifi(d with Tamil
and Telugu. What is more singular, the names by which the ivory, apes, and peacocks, conve-'ed by holonn 's i

* Asiatic .Tournal, vol xii. p 41.'). [i

 PREFACE.
sliips of Taishish were known, arc the same with those still used in Tamil; seeming to implj that the
traders visited Ceylon or India, and obtained with these aovelties their Tamil names, danta, ka?j, and togai,
as found in the Hebrew Bible.

The Tamil is not a vulgar dialect. Before the principal basis of the English Lad a written character, it
was a highly polished language. Its name
signifies sweetness, and though not so musical as the Telugu, in
its poetic form especially, it is not without its claim to euphonic charms, and "linked sweetness."

Unlike several of the Vernaculars of India, it is not, as some have supposed, a daughter, of the Sanscrit. Its
Alpfiabet diflFers not only in character, but in sound; and is more limited. Its Grammar, though conformed to the
Sanscrit, as far as the genius of the language would allow, is still very different. It has no article, no relative
pronoun, no dual numbei-, no optative mood, it differs in its numerals, in many nouns, verbs, and adverbs,
and in technical terras in grammar. In the declension of its nouns, the conjugation of its verbs, and the ar-
rangement of its sentences, it more resembles the Latin.

While nearly all the Vernaculars of India have been greatly enriched from the
Sanscrit, ih&* wonderful
language has condescended borrow even from the Dravidian group, of which the Tamil is the oldest, and
to
the principal. Dr. Caldwell in his learned Dravidfan Comparative Grammar, instances 31 «ujd8 in Sanscrit
taken from Dravidian tongues, and 25 borrowed by both from some common source. He is of opinion that
the Sanscrit derived its cerebral consonants from the Dravidian.

It is evident that there was an early literature in Tamil independent of Sanscrit; and now, within certain
ranges of thought, omitting terms of art, science, religion in a great measure, and certain abstract forms, we
may write in pure Tamil, as in English we may in pure Saxon. In fp.ct the nearer we approach the Sheji-
Tamil the less we need Sanscrit. Dr. Caldwell has well said, "the Tamil the n.ost cultivated, ab-inlra, of all

the Dravidian idioms, can dispense vrilh the Sanscrit altogether, if need be, and not only .^tand alone, but flourish,
without its aid." It is certain that Tamil could do without Sanscrit much better than English without Latin.
In many respects, it would have been well, if the aboriginal tribes at the South had been left without Aryan
civilization. Undoubtedly the Brahmans improved their dialects, and taught them much of useful art and
science ; but by bringing tbem undei*. the influence of the Poranic system of idolatry, they shackled their intel-
lects, perverted their moral sense, and bound them fast to error by the chains of caste. The reason why
Tamil is more independent of Sanscrit than the Northern languages, and even tlian the other Dravidian tongues,
is, that it has not Been kft, like those, principally to the cultivation of the BrahmRn.-=. The Cural of Tiru-
valluvar, or sacred Pariah priest, written perhaps in the ninth century, A. D and cont...ning 1,.330 disticha, is
regarded a.^ one of the finest productions in the Tamil language; but its author wns a Pariah. A reputed sister
of h'lA, called Auveiyar, or Matron, wrote brief epigrammatic moral vcr.ses, of much merit, now used in al! the
Native Schools. The Chinlamani "a brilliant romantic epic" of 15,000 lines, was written, probably in the tenth
century, A. D., by a Jaina ; and the Nannul, a High Taniil Grammar of great value, a little later; also by a
.TaCna. The imitation, not translation, of the Ramayana,. was composed about the eleventh century A. D., by
Kambaii, the son of a king, and not of the priestly tribe. His production, consisting of 12,016 stanzas, in five

books, is considered by learned Tamilians as superior to the original.

The Tamil has certainly been greatly enriched from the .Sanscrit, and has borrowed from it some letters, rUtber,

however, as a convenience than necessity. There is no reason for rejecting this aid, within proper bounds. Hy it,

the language has become copious, as before, it was precise, philosophical, and energetic. A native author
of repute, well versed in English, as well as his own vernacular, has said, adopting tiie words of Mr. Taylor
before one of the most copious, refined, and polished languages spoken hy man."*
mentioned, "ii is This
Author has added, what may admit of doubt, "few nations on earth can perhaps boast of so many poets as the
Tamils." all their earlier literature was in poetry, c^en
As, however, Dictionaries and Grammars, and wojks
on Medicine, Law, Architecture and Theology, the number of poet.s, so called, must have been great. The
Chola, Sera, and Pandyan kings of Southern India, especially the lati r, from the 6tli century before Christ,
to the 14th century after, were liberal patronizers of the Poets. A college of literati, called the Madura sangam,
was long in existence. The sunshine of roy.nl favor brought many poets into light, if not into life. Their works were

"Tamil Plutnrch bj Simon Ca«ie Cliittj-, 'E^q — Preface.

 PREFACE. vii

niostlj destroyed by the Mohammedans in the early part of the 14th century. It is not perhaps extravagant to
say, that, in its Tamil is more polislied and exact than the Greek, and in both dialects, with
poetic form, the

borrowed treasures, more (jopious than the Latin. In its fulness and
power it more resembles English and
its
living language. Its prose-style is yet in a forming state, and will well repny the
German than any other
labor of accurate scholars in moulding U properly. Many Natives, who write poetrji readily, cannot write a

page of correct prose.

It has a greater amount

In one respect the Tamil has an advantage over the other vernaculars
of India.

As the number of Native Christians speaking Tamil is two or three times grtatcr
of Christian literature.
those speaking any other vernacular, so the books prepared in that language are proportlonably more nunieroua.
thanof

(It be seen, therefore, that a Lexicon which will enable a student to read their books in poetry, as
will

well as prose, is very necessary. Hitherto the Dictionary of Dr. Rottler has been the only one professing to
give any aid to the student in reading Native books, except of the most elementary kind, and that, though
very valuable, is too limited in its vocabulary, and deficient in Astrological, Mythological and Scientific teinis,
fully to answer the purpose. It is very much confined to the Tamil Vif the Continent, not embracing much
that is in good use in Ceylon.

To those who may wish to know something of the history of this work, it may be stated, that it was com-
menced before any part of Rottler's dictionary was printed, by fhe Rev. J. Knight, Church Missionary at
Jaffna, assisted by Mb. Gabriel Tissera, a learned Native connected with the American Mission there. The plan
embraced not only a Tamil-English Lexicon of the conjraon and poetic dialects, but, on a smaller scale, an

English-Tamil Dictionary, and one of Tamil synonyms. Mr. Knight, who was an accurate Tamil scholar,
labored diligently, as far as other duties allowed, in collecting materials for these publications, and was ably

assistedby the Rev. Peter Percival, then of Jaffna, now Professor of Sanscrit and Vernacular Literature in
the Presidency College, and other Missionaries, as also by Native scholars. After four or five years a voyage
to England, in 1838, on account of ill health, obliged him to suspend the work and his death, followed ;

immediately on his return to Ceylon.

The materials collected were transferred to the American Mission, in Jaffna, which had borne tho expcn^ic
of their collection. From them, in part, the Rev. Levi Spaulding. m. a., brought out the contem{)liited Tamil
Dictionary, and the Rev. Samuel Hutchings, m. a., removing from Jaffna to Madras in 1842, continued the
priuting of the English and Tamil work. At the same time he carried on the preparation for the larger Dictionary.

In little more than a year his health failed, and he left India with no prospect of returning. It then devolved upon
the present Compiler to take charge of all the materials collected, to carry on the preparation for the Inrgcr wosk,
and to finish the correcting and printing of the English-Tamil Dictionary; of which about one fourtii I'cmaincd
unfinished. This was done in a few months. Subsequently in 1352 Mr. Spaulding,' who had ar^sistcd in first

preparing the work, brought out a second edition in Jaffna.

It is unnecessary to state all the causes of delay in commencing, and of subsequent interruption in prosc-
cutinjj the principal work. One or two circumstances may be mentioned to show why, between the lime of
undertaking its preparation and its final completion, so many years elapsed. It is evident that a -MissioiKiry

with the entire care of a station, having a Native church, a large English school, and several schools in tlie

vernacular, could not devote a great proportion of his best hours to any literary pursuit, however impoiiiiiit.

Besides these occupations, there was, in the present case, an extra draught of four hours a day, for Ihifc <»
four months^ in as many successive years, in the revision of the Tamil Scriptures, to say noJliing of hibor ji.s

*^cretary of a Mission, and, throi^gh most of these years as financial agent for two other Missions.

The task to be accomplished was also great. Besides large deficiencies in the mali rials collecled, ihey
were arranged on a plan which it was thought best not to follow, and however valualile, as a whole, weie
somewhat like fish brought to shore ir.%a net, good and bad together. A selection lia<l to be made, and ihe
Vocabulary required to be greatly increased.

So far as tho materials had been arranged, the words collected were i)laeed aljiluibetienlly, '^ithout rd'eieiii-r'
to their origin, whether Tamil or Sanscrit, or to their being primitives or derivatives, 'liie ii pii -' iiiMtivf i f

Ji
the verb was the past verbal, after the manner of Sadur-Agaradi. This is convenient, but exposes to error;!
because tlie verbal has sometimes a different meaning from other parts of the verb. After much consultation, itl

was thought best to take the root of the verb, as of other parts of speech, for the leading word. This is the
imperative singular. All the parts of the verb flow naturally from that. This arrangement, though the most
simple, as well as most philosophical,had not been adopted in any Dictionary, and required an entire re-casting
of tlie copy so far as prepared. It was also thought necessary to separate the Sanscrit from the Tamil
words, designating the primitives by an asterisk, and, in important cases, giving a reference to Wilson's Sanscrit
Dictionary, which had not been done at all in the copy. Often a single word stood for Doth Sanscrit and
Tamdl. The derivatives, too, were to be brought under their primitives, when it could be done without making

it too difficult to find them. On this account it was necessary to and re-write the copy several times.
write
But wliat was a vastly greater labor, Tamil renderings wye to be added to all the principal words, and the
various meanings, witli translations of the examples. This was for the double purpose of fixing the definitions
more precisely, and of making the Dictionary useful to natives not understanding English.

Though a very small part of the copy was at that time in any sense complete, a commencement in printing
was made in 1853, and proceeded with by the Compiler to September 1855, when he was obliged, by loss of
health, to leave for his native land ; and was absent nearly two and a half years. The Rev. Peter Percival,
bcf'ure mentioned, very kindly undertook the supervision of the preparation and printing, for a time; and con-
tinued his labors about a ye^r, when his professional duties .obliged him to suspend them. Only 280 pages
were then printed. When and 80 pages a*3ed, tl5cre was what threatened to be a final
resumed in 1858,
stop to tlie undertaking for want of money. The American Board of Commissibners for Foreign Missions,
who had hitherto borne all the expense, could not, on account of a large debt, make further advances, even to
save themselves from the almost entire sacrifice of all that had been done.

To prevent the waste, in great measure, of what had been printed, the loss of \he manuscripts prepared,

and the failure of bringing out a book so much needed, after application to Government for aid which was —
unsuccessful, except to the extent previously promised of taking one hundred copies of the book when finished
the Compiler proposed to carry on the undertaking by dividing the expense into 70 shares of Rupees 200 each,
and to allow to every sharc^lO Copies of the Lexicon; which would be at the rate of Rupees 20 for each copy.
If all were taken the estimated expense would be met, and 500 copies of the edition remaiA for the American
Board, toward their previous large outlay.

Tills proposal was responded to only in part, as will be seen by reference to the list of Subscribers. To the present
time, — including the subscription from Government — the
amount subscribed is scarcely more than a moiety of
the. estimated expense. Mad this been as great as was expected, there would be Rupees 7,000 to be provided
for. It has been considerably less. Still it leaves a debt of more than Rupees 5,000, to be met by the gradual

si'le of the work. This of course rests on the Compiler, who commenced it on his own private responsibility,
with the expectation of probable loss, and with no chance of gain. Whatever is realized, above the actual
expense, is to go to the American Board. When only a small part of the money needed was given, or promised,
the printing was re-commenced in September 1859, and steadily prosecuted to its conclusion, in July 1862; or in
a little less than three years.

In tiie preparation of the work the Compiler has been aided at different times by competent
Natives. Of these, the firstwas Ramanuja Cavi Rayar, long well known as a leading Munshi in Madras. He
is not living. The next, and for some years, until he was appointed Head Munshi in the Presidency College,
vas T. Vizagaperuraal ;
then, until he also left for the College, Veerasawmy Chetty. For the last two
years, Athimoolum Moodelly, and for a longer time Mr. Abraham Alliene, a good native scholar. The sheets as
issued from the Press have had the benefit of correction, for a short time, by Mr. B. Kellogg, connected with
the Department of Public Instruction, and for most of the remainder by D. C. Visvanatha Pillai, b. a. To all
these the Compiler would express his obligations, also to Mr. Nevins who was with him for a year after
recommencing the printing but more especially to Mr. Percival, as having charge of the preparation and
;

printing of the work during the absence of the ComJ^iler.

For the neatness of the typography, and general accuracy and taste of the printing, all who use the Lexicon
will feel themselves indebted to Mr. Hunt, Superintendent of the American Mission Press, and his Assistants.
 PREFACE. ix

The work was begun and has been prosecuted, principally, to promote Christian Missions, by, assisting

Missionaries to acquire the Tamil language. This is not to be learned by a few vocabularies, or from
Dictionaries of the dominon dialect only. Who pould fancy that he had a knowledge of Latin or Greek
if he had not read a single poem in those languages? It is not that Missionaries should use high words in their

conversation or preaching, that they ought, to know souiething.of the poetic dialect, but, on the contrary, that they
may know how to avoid them, and use good words neither too high nor too low, that is too vulgar. As,
however, the natives are exceedingly pleased with any thing in the shape of poetry, or song, a preacher who
would address them with most effect, should be able sometimes to quote from the songs, and poetic sayings, of
the "wise men" among the Hindus.

A missionary, who has a fair acquaintance with Tamil, stated publicly that it was long before he learned that
the Tamilians have a high and low language, and that he was, while in tliis state of ignorance, not understood
by the people, because he used the former, as learned from books. But his mistake consisted not in using good
words, such as he might learn from well written books, or from good speakers in public or in conversation, but
in not using the right words in the right place ; or, perhaps in not pronouncing them correctly ; for most foreigners
fail more in pronunciation than in the use of words. No one need to employ vulga- .sms, or imitate the patois of
horse-keepers, or any other low dialect, to be understood. The common people undf itand a grammatical sentence,
and the proper use of finite verbs, as well as one ungrammatical, in which the persons and tenses are merged in

some imperfect form of the verb. If a scholar, leaving the proper rules of the language, tries to learn the vari-
ous vulgar dialects, which a native may use intelligibly, he will be constantly liable to make ludicrous mistakes.
Who but an Irishman wouW undertake to use the English of a low Irishman, or who but a Highland Scotchmaii
venture upon Gaelic forms? T!ie truth is there is not a high and low Tamil, except of the poetic and common
dialect ; but there is a simple grammatical Tamil, intelligible to high and low, as in English, unless interlarded with

high words — as may be done in any language, if one wishes to show his learning, or knows no better — and there
are endless varieties of provincialisms, cant-word.s, words peculiar to a trade or profession, and vulgarisms
differing in different places, and among different classes, and not intelligible to all, even of the Natives; and
much less at proper command by a foreigner. The missionary has little to do with these, except to avoid them.

An accurate knowledge of the language is indispensable to every Missionary to the Tamilians, who would,
in the highest sense, magnify his office. One reason of the comparative inefficiency of many who speak and
preach iu a vernacular, whether foreigners or natives, is their limited acquaintance with its richness and power.
Even those principally employed in teaching Native youth through the medium of English, would find them.selves
possessed of a new faculty, if able freely to use the mother tongue of the pupil. They could then ascertain whether
their teaching was understood ; and could not only teach but educate. The great desideratum in all .\nglo-
Vernacular Institutions is, to 'make the pupils thorough in their knowledge of their own language, as well-
as the English, that they may be able to transfer the treasures of the latter into the former. The actual fact
is, that many natives who are good English scholars, neglect, if they do not despise, their own tongue. To
all Government officers among the Tamil people ; to all educated Native youths in their midst ; and to all
Oriental scholars, a knowledge of this language is important.

There is an increasing conviction of the value of this knowledge. The Government have given a wide-spread
stimulus to the study of the Vernaculars, by requiring many of their agents, both in the Civil and Military
service, to cultivate them, and by establishing Examinations to test the fitness of natives as well as other
applicants for employment, as in other respects, eo also, in an acquaintance with some vernacular. In the
Missionary Schools, and Government Institations, lame attention is paid than formerly to the native languages.
The Press is also aiding in the work. A orighter -is thus dawning upon the natives of India.

Amidst the various hinderanc.s and discourageoientB "Wliich have attended the prosecution' of this work, and
made its wheels drag heavily, and sometimes to stop, it is only by the special blessing of God, that it has been
concluded. At the feet of Jehovah-Jesus it is humbly laid; to all Missionaries among the Tamil people, it is
respectfully dedicated.

American Mission House, Chinlmtrepellah,

Madras, August, 1862.
 THE PLAN OF THE LEXICON.

In using this Lexicon its plan should be understood. It is intended to combine, as far as possible, a
philosophical and alphabetical arrangement of the words, without rqietitiou. The derivatives are brought under
their primitives —
which are arranged alphabetically, in iatge type when the initial letters are ihe same cr —
changed by common grammatical rules. If diftcrcnt, tiie important words arc given as principab, with a
reference to the root. The verbs also are given as prhicipftls in large type. The derivatives are in a medium
type, and are arranged, with the exception mentioned, under their paiixiitives, either alphabetically or in the order
of the definitions with which they are connected. The pikectjons for using must therefore be consulted.

When verbal nouns arc given, it is to fortify the definition of the word by reference to the Sadur, or
because the verbal, as is sometimes the case, differs somewhat from the verb, cr one form of a verbal from
another. Those ending in eo and in ty often differ, as the latter takes more the meaning of a substantive, (

and is regularly declined. Though it has been intended to place the definitions, generally, ia the order of I

their importance, the most common are not always given first. There are other considei'ations to be tAken
into account, in determining the extent of a meaning, which aifi not in every case obvious.

It will be noticed that Adjectives, Adverbs and some Panicles are given as pjisoaries. This may not be
strictly correct, according to Tamil grammarians, who make tittle distinction between tbe.se and Nouns, especially
the two former; but it is convenient.

Adjective forms of abstract nouns, as jy(5«i»£o, ^(Tjiroij), Qa.ifflaou:, Si^taui, 0£J(T5«du), &c., might be an'anged
under their nouns, but in some of them, as for instance the two last, it is moie simple to make the adjectiye
also a primary. Ifi some cases it may be doubtful which is ihe root. Adjectives proper are not very numerous,
their place being generally supplied, by nouns and participles, but there are some, and the.se of course, are
primaries, as mec or /csoeo, ftai, ueu, and tcpp. We might add ty*/ and oun^, but they may be formed frorc the
abstract nouns L^gjeBto and Cufr^a ante.

The grammatical rules occasionally given for the charge, omission, or rcdupncation of letter.?, may bo consi-
dered by some as superfluous; but to many they will be a convenience. The reference of important words to
Wilson's Sanscrit Dictionary, Second Ediiion, when found in that, is for the better satisfHCtion of those who
can thus verify the meanings there. When aulhoriticB are given, as Rottler, Bescbi, Ellis, or JiP, for ^j^bsihi^,
Sudur-Agaradi, especially in regard to the last, it is not to be rinderstood that other wetds have not like
authority, though not given, or that the definition rests only on such authority ; but that these especially sanc-
tion the word in the use given. ^ The former of them, within the limited plan of its Vocabulary, and making
allowance for the meanings being given by Synonyms, word of which
is usually correct. There ie scarcely a
several exact synonyms can be given, much less will each of those be words synonymous with every other. For
instance, while under ^<f^w, twenty-five synonyms are given, scarcely half a dozen of them could be used for as
many others in the list. This so'^of^ of error is to be guarded against, in using the Sadur.

Great assistance has been derived from Dr. Rottier's Dictionary. When doubt existed as to hie render-
ings, and they seemed not by others, his name is given. In Bctaaicai j^imes he has been often
fully supported
followed, because the old system is better known, except to professed botanists. Other authorities have, however,
been consulted and sometimes the new classification has been adopted. As to Beschi, and the Old Dictionary,
;

' they are not authority, except as to the fact of the word having been infuse. The addition of prov. for
provincial, has a general, but not exclusive reference to Jaffna usage, and that of local to Madras. Poetic (p.)
implies that there is only poetic authority for the word, and ( c.) for common, that it is frequent, but not
'classical, while Cv.) for vulgar carries its own meaning.
In the first part of the Lexicon to the name 13^ some medicinal Jiinj other plams M, Die. is annexed to
show the authority to be a Medical Dictionary, as Ainslie or soma other but as reference for these is some-
times to Ainsl'-j, sometimes to a Botanical Dictionary, and sometirt^ies to Drury on the Useful Plants of India,

this reference is omitted in most of the pages.

 DIRECTIONS FOR USING THE LEXICON.

Look for the root of the word sought, which in verbs is the imperative, among those in the largest

type. If the first two or three letters are known the word will easily be found. If there be a change from

these in the derivatives, it will generally be sufficient to recollect the usual rules for the mutation of letters.

For instance you have apa, and do not find it ia fhis form, you will, of course, look under sea; or for Siflss,

under Sen, Imperatives, however, though capable of being traced further 4jack to a primitive root, are given as

primaries, for ease ot reference. Thus you find srQi^C®, though it comes from ^^(tjot. Whatever part of a verb
you may have, look for the imperative, which will be its first letter, or first two or three letters, unless changed

by rule. If a word supposed to be a derivative is not; found as such, it is to be looked for as a primary,
for the reason before mentioned. It is to be remembered that the alphabetical order is followed for each
distinct class, whether primaries or secondaries, and, therefore, the search for a word is not to- be given up
until both have been carefully examined, bearing in mind the rules for the change of letters. Let it also be

remembered that the letters u and sn are often used interchangeably, also i and <3sr, and that an sometimes

stands for enr, and p for /r with a mute following. Thus for uaaiut is uiruu>, for SQ/Esii> is QQasrsLo, for eueisreiuru)

13 ajOTauru), and for SSnuuitaQiuw, you may have SpuirsQiuui. For the Sanscrit form sn^^n you find sq^^^i^ sH^^a

and even for .f^irw^aw, you have the Tamil form firji^iTw, for jij&f,i—u>, you see j^lLl-w, for Qw^jij (^/b^bu>

for <g6^<-ii)
,
— and for S^tuu> — SSujLa; for the vulgar forms lS^sw, and S/£es>.s, you have LS(Vyai}>, and
3£eaaj. These are only examples to be borne in mind in looking for words not readily found. With the

leading word, notice any that may be connected with it, or mentioned subsequently, whether as common or vulgar.

In words like e^^/s, remember that the root may be only the first vowel, as in this case e?, and look for th»t.

When there is a verb in which the consonant of the root is doubled, but you do not find the imperative in that

form, look for the root with a single consonant, as jyswr for jiekt^. For QpiupS, e-jrjtl^, &c., refer to Qpiu^i,

&c,, and for ereaL— and ceoi—, see the roots er® and *-®. In compound words of a genus and species,

ihe former, as the. root, will often be the last part of the word, as, s^iLi—S^^-ndso, a road shaded by thick trees;
SieonunsLD, a hard style in writing.

Observe that verbal nouns are usually placed after the other derivatives of the verb, unless, as sometimes,
they are made primaries ; and that Tamil words, and Tamil letters, take precedence of the Sanscrit. The letter

^ follows il. The Sanscrit prefixes, whether they are privative, or otherwise, are followed by their compounds,
as jyuf privation, jyua/ri^io, ingratitude. Such Sanscrit words as Qpdiuw and are found in their Tamil form

QpdSuiui and

As J and eo are not properly initial letters, or a- will usually be found placed before them, but
.
some
foreign words, and a few others, are given with these initials. Some beginning with ss, and tvifo or three other

Sanscrit letters, are entered, being frequently found in print.

The Abbreviations scarcely need explanation. The principal are, prov. at the beginning of a sentence, pro-

vincial ; at the end. Proverb; St. or Sans. Sanscrit; Hind. Hindustani; Ar. Arabic; Pers Persian; for. foreign;
Mah. Mahratta; Jig. figurative; inf. infinl'ive ; v. noun, verbal noun; appel. n. appellative noun; priv. privative.
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I
 TAMIL AKD ENGLISH-
DICTIONARY.

^Ttisj^iULb, s. Injustice, ^i^^.

*«, I', n. To be proud, haughty, arrogant, ^j3i(}},s. Wickedness, OLjffei)si)/r/K/ (5
jij. The first letter ofthe Tamil alpha- self-conceited, ©.sjim**.
(c.) 2. In'crior, inside, i^-". 3. Middle,
bet, QpfiOi^iQfiiff. 2. A ilc'inonstrativc prefix,
*LlQt_(T^^^, us, f^AQaiTp/DHsr f.)r ^^^^Qxtr^/par.
^aiEjasifl.ia;, inf. To be joyous, «a. 4. The belly, paunch, •/•J.ji. (p.)

3. Termination of tlio neuter plural of verbs, happy; ex ^siii mind. (;<.) ^s(£lQ.a=ujiu, inf. To tease, vex;
^S>;$7t,muu£Brani^e&^fil^ ;|S, fi,'/5^fcBr. 4. A sign of ^siaseifluLi, V. noun. Joy, hilarity, willi the accu.ia tii:e,
tlie 6tlicase foUoweil liy plural nouns, as,
jfi^smssvT. 5. An interposed vowel, arfisnjj^
gladness of heart. ^siSifl, s. A snake, uitu)l^ ; ex
^Sirsi'Xinr Lc, s. Pride, self-conse- ^i, to crawl,
AS in trsiri®. 6. Sign of the number 8, ctlL (p.)
A VOWt'l tO quence, 2. One e' the four intellec-
Oi_sjrg«ub trfmei>^ciir(g^. 7. affi.X ^/ji^sS, s. Interior, as of the fi-
every consonant not a mute. QiiDihOoj^if^j^* tual powers, the energy which excites to
brous part of the bark of a tree, n-A. 2.
ffr/ian^j. 8. A privative i^retix action, ^p^^AsfimE^e^Qs^iTim^. (Sec
An inland, agricultural, rice district, icis
from the Sanscrit, as, (Qirtm,b, ^(p^rarii. Hutb.) Self-consciousness, individuality,
3.
ffr&Mib, (p.)
regarding one's self as performing actions
^"
=^/«^- interjection expressive of
surprise or pity, ^^^u^iisiig^^uL/. 2. Hia-
instead of the deity as operating within,
«f OOTgii(^Qj(5*gi, operating
4. (/).) An
* ^ 3i emf] ^ ii , s. [pn'i'. ^ el ^esufl^il.']

tus, a dissonance in metre, iSJ-if.it>f. Innumenihle quantity, sBai8^er.ui. 2.

(p.) cause of transmigration, iJ;D«i!*gai'»Jiii ex Mental calculation, counting ditiercntly
^oo-XLbjS. Grain, ^(rs3flnjii),as,cgyooS(C5 ^xiii myself, et snui that which acts.
from the usual mode, marisasi/l^ii (p.) ;
—
Make not grain scarce (dear,) (/> ) Note. The words beginning with .jy and
^ooSTLD, s. The QsuetrQeir0d(^, s. The bond of the three evil princi- having a negative sense arc generally
shnib. (Medical Dictionary.) ples, QpiitDs<iib, which bind the soul from formed in the same manner.
^ DO'S IT sir, s. The letter (je^a eternity, and subject it to births. (;;.) ^sessB^ u(i^ffiT(kjsw, s. An alma-
o^Qftff. (p.)
QQpdr, ^ooQ
^sikisna^^nujija, s. The three ^ nac made by mental calculation.
j)fuo(^, pres.
Car or, ^A*.
past
To dimin-
SEiSfrirtit, viz. (ipsQiuASSiSfffftb, Qpi&tutQfiiS *^iBsssru-Lh, s. [j)riv. ^ et seimi—ih.]
flit. Cai«r, inf. V. It. tuwsf:srffU), and ^QpiQiuaSBsr^ui. (^•) That which is without parts, eutireness,
shrink; be shortened as a vowel; be
ish,
reduced, as wealth, &c. ©an^ciu. 2. To be-
j)/siasirifl, s. A proud person. ^LiOrarii. Wils. p. 5. AkIIANDA. (p.)

come closed or compressed, as a flower, ^SJ/E/sjna, s. The palm of the hand,

^<s emu- Lcndj, adv. Entirely .wholly.
umbrella, &c. .3. To be acute, re- tl.arareiar>s; eX .SI'ih, iuside, £t a>s. j)j.seB!irL-.air, s. The undivided One,
fined, as knowledge, .sj«*r«oui(Lir«. (p.) the Deity; also used for Siva, Vishnu
*^aSiuLh, s. Mimicry, ridicule,
^ooSoj^eaffrS'ieOy s. The letter o°o
making sport. Sec ^9^ju>. (c.j
and Argha. (//.)
shortened.
^s&tusrrs^; s. One who makes
^s einr I— r: ^ oenri— ear, s. The Sy-
iS/jooQius^/fSeif, s. Penetration, acu- preme Heing. (p.)
sport. 2. A king's jester.
men, discrimination. ^r^esBri—nsniTijay s. Wideness, ex-
*j)l<as3?,s. Time, Qurr(Lp^. 2. Day-
.jy oo ffo ffS) , s. A kind of cake,
time, uaih. Wilson's Sanscrit Dictionary
panse, boundlessness, (p.)
iStL<^. 2. Any light food, Sp^atri^.. (p.) p. 100. An AN. j)jses!'n— n SITU i^n&sT ill-, s. Perfect
^ooQ'Xssr til, s. A name of the let- s. The demonstrative wisdom, (p.)
ter &, ^•ij/sQiQe^ei. (p.) prefixes, jy, g) and «-, when they form part ^seeari—nsirn sS(i^^^, s. Bound-
c^/oojs, dem. That thing, the thing of the word with which they are ('on- less desire, spiritual aspirations, {p.)

distant from the speaker, jf*;iS2tiw Qiutcj nccted; as, ^«>"*',

interior, et
ex ^xit>,
^ '3;

lamp,
s^r i—LJO,
ujoirciJ.-ir'*®.
s. [vid.] An earthen

c^yooCoLj/r^Lc, s. The bartavelle wr •^<5E4_t£i, s. {jrrw. ^ el <£i_u), jus-

^asMTt^L, s. A kind of musical in-
Greek partridge. See ide^'ofS. (p.")
tice.'] Injustice, .g/f^- 2. A wile, trick,
strument, g)iair*Siuii. (p.)
a9«i_ii. (c.)
^oonSSssar,
rior class,
s. Names infe-
whether animate or inanimate;
of the
^SL-eSsL-uy,s. Chicanery, strat-
* ^ (om lij^ 3i ih
Entireness,
y s.
immensity,
\_priv. ^ ct aestsr
Q(i<y«jiu>.
[ex ^A/, not, et ^Iot, class,] not the agem, treachery, circumlocution, fiCQ
Wils. p. .5. AKIIA^DITA. (p.)
superior class, «>.ur^iOTri/t»R jfgi, (/>.)
^«<i<si_aiyeTr, s. God, as inhabit- L-6sr, s. An unjust, deceitful, •^/«@, s. [prin.
j)i
et s^.} A desti-

ing the soul, tt.>Sii(Ssrrst,a!,pB,iTr. 2. TllC SOul treacherous man. tute I)erSOIl, eulSiU£iiar.

as God, the div-.nily witliin, ^ik^t. Nute. — •,^«(_s3rLCi, s. That which cannot ^.sj©, .5. An acacia tree, Qsuecuaru),
Other derivatives from jy«it will be found or ought not to he done, (opp. to aiJtwii)) Mimosa, L. 2. A tree', Kxcxcaria agal-
under that worjl. Q^aijuui-rfl/n. 2. Hurt, mischief, <?«<?). (p.) locha, /.., /?»\iJwioirifl. (AT. Die.)

1 1
 . ) —)

* ^s^ii^^, s. A class of leguminous ^suuQ^ss, inf. To entrap, en- ^SLjQuiuS'S^siesr, s. The au-
trees, ConmiFIa y;ninclifUiia, Z», incluiling snare, involve, b-Cl/®4^. thor of a poem on abstract devotion. Set-
throe species, the leaves of win. are 3iLjij^iQiu LDj s. Abstinence from
edible, s»K=iri3. (c.) Wils. p. 5. Auasi *.
^<si_i<6S)u, s. A
ladle or large spoon,
veiury as a medical prescription; ex jy«M,
g^rr<s6)Lp'jLi<cfi^^ s. A fruit tree. mind. usually of coco«nut shell, (r )

Qfisueus^^i s. A snail tree with u Lj a- Lb, s. A raised are* for cSy<5Lj«s3(_i<i«/7LCL/, 8. Handle of a-
sitting, Qi^lens. ladle.
red flowers. {p.)
9l ^ ps, ^ ^, s. A small tree used ^auu
See upff-
pjjj., s. Self-attachment.
ex jy«ii, mind.
^LLi—suemu, s. ladle used in
cooking cakes, com. aCi^susr.u.
A
for ineilicine.

inf. [ex jfsii^ iiisido, et ^xuu/r, s. A parapet or raised /frri^s u6B>u, s. [prov.'] A trowel.
SJO. to ^ive.] To in.sort, inclose, infold, area within a fortification, x^g^mQiner,^. Slppsusau., s. A small kind of
a-srtfli—.
(,P-)
2. A
surrounding wall, uPm. 3. A ditch ladle.
round a fort, (ji.)
^«^^®, V. noun. Embracing, an ^•xuQufTQ^srr, s. [ex .S'l'Sij;, inind,

embraee. <
^jsu uiT lLQ:S)i ^Tsm in. s. A kijid et Ouf^jcr.] Rules for amatory jioeins, jy
of poetry in which the subject is com- suQui(j<h!sSgi. 2. Kules for reasoning,
^s^^&usr, s. Rules for amatory plete but the verse incomplete, opif-urgi 3. Mental enjoyments in Icjve, gar
poems, &c. opp. to uipggilim. 2. Mental de-
lectation, especially in love, ji'^anfl^OJ^Qf*
uii. 4. A book treating of mental de-
Sii. See ^xCiQuirasir. (p.)
^slju/tlLQ^lj i-i, s. The twelve lectation, g(i9«u««OTiA. jjauQiLjir^a is de-
veloped in these three constituents, viz.,
members of .sfsuQurfsai or ^sg^lm, viz.
^s^^dsmuLijDih., s. as .^suLj/Du 1. Qf/iriQurcsit, primary arrangements of
or «»5«*®3wiiy^ OL/(5*^2pjWB/ifl, Vo-
Quir(^iii
1. ^iije\)us^^'2eesr. Method of nature with regard to (a ) iS!e^ii>, soil,
luptUDUS desire on the part of one only defining; a thing or showing its nature, in five varieties, and (b) QurQ^gi, time,
in sexual intercourse, quality, S;c. in two grand divisions. 2. s^uQui^ir^
{p.)
Amplifica- natural peculiarities incidental to eoch of
*.^3;^^iULh, s. A grammar of jij
2. <sii<snaiij<s ^ ^I'bsssr. the divisions of the soil under 14 hc^ids viz.,
a^giiuar, of wliich little remains, 9'j5f«'. tion, or detailing at large what has been
(a ) ^j-Kjwajg, peculiar gods belonging to ii
saiil briefly.
2. ( linproperli/,) needfulness, indispeusa- place, tutelary ili ilies or penates, ( h ) iL«jr*
bleness, jftuSiajii. 3. Gurr^eja^^^sm. The rule for
chiefs or lords of the district, (c)
*^m^^Sliusir — ,jy<S6W_QuJsar, s. A
4.
sunmiing up or recapitulating^
@/o u u s a^Slisssr The rule for
©uSiC^fr, subjects or inhabitants under
them, fd) w", birds, ( e) <Jiii®, bca.sts, (/)
poet an<l sage celebrated in theUamayanam, .

Kdi, city or town, ( y) a, water, (U

Skandam and other works of antiquity. discriminating, or explaining the differ-
flowers, ( i) mini, trees, Cj) t^^, food, (k
He is regarded as the former of the Tamil ence of things.
uaop, drum, (1) nuisical instruments,
lanK\ia^'C which ho is said to have learned 5. ^euLDGij'Sfi^^em. rule for The (m) uair. tune, and (n) Qi^sr-^--'. occupa-
of Skanda the son of Siva. He is al.so the illustrating a subject by metaphors, tion, trade or mode
of earning a livelihood.
reputed anthor of several works, still ex- comparisons, &c. 3. ii.fiuQiu:r(S'i^, essential characteristics of
tant, in whole or in part, in the Tamil lan-
Grammar, Materia Mcd- 6. n/DiS'^ijjs^^'20ser. The rule for lovers. The subject matter of this trea-
(Tuage; such as, a
exemphfying a subject by examples. tise, to which the two former are auxili-
ica, a work on Astrology, Astronomy, and
ary or conducive, is developt^l in five dis-
several essays on the unity of the divine 7. a^irS'ieJLus^^'SssBr. The rule positions or actions, either mental or co-
beinp, as opposed to the jwpular system of
for elucidating a circumstance by its poral. viz., ( a) qaisijiA:, union or the state
polytheism, &c
He is regarded as the son opposite. in which husbands and wives are together
of both Mythra and Varuna by Urvasi; is
represented to be of very short stature, and 6. srrffem or s isS uj s ^estsr
^^ in their family, (b) Mg&., separation when
Showing the condition or quality of a for lawftd purposes, (c) Stiff^fiA,, the state
to have been born in a water jar. He is
thing by its original cause. in which they continue solitary, espcciaiiy
fame^ for having compressed and swallow-
ed the ocean, for the sake of the celestials. 9. saifliu&is^^'iasBr. Proving a
the bride, (<i) mt^w, love quarrels, (e) ®
rsi/sAi. weeping and lamentation in any pe-
Other wonderful stories are also told of him, thing by its effects. riod of their life for any cause. 'J hese five
and received with undoubted credence. He
10. snuseu^^^'^sinsr. The rule for characteristics are res]xctively ascribed to
is considered as the regent of the star Can-
relating an action, event, &c., U> which the above five species of soil, as appropri-
OI*iS, (SjpQpenfl. Wilp. p. 5. A0A8TYA.
a belong the following 1 O* : — .
ately adapted to their nature, as Ljenyign
^ £f ldl/, s. famous who. 2. 0#uO/iruSw, what. 3. aatSssr, to CSjS^^, Ji'^w to ij»2£v, ^istf'^ to cp^^Tm,
mi-ev/ to uit?>»io, and ^uiiai>i to Cw»j;5tu. g|*
compound cathartic. See (sif^H- by what helps. 4. uiuair, why. 5.

jij <x ^ ^ lu IT., s. An immense, un- or

in
i^wiD, where.
what manner or how.
6. when. T.^ptir,
• fathomable abyss, fiLu-i^ .gtfii. 2. The ffu u^'SlgecTQpa^ptuirib.
^
ocean, *<y>s,Slrii. 11. Qprn'snremeuius^^dsssr. The ^suQuird^L-Qsnemw., s. A poem
*^'SiB'SS)^, s. Pride, self-conceit, rule for foretelling events from signs.
which treats of ^j^auCui-^tv.
arrogance, insolence, ^ffi^ruLj. (r.) 12. L9eBrsBrtoS)Q/iij<?:^^5fewr.
*.^SLCiLh., s- The A tree in general, iTju
.^skei!)^itS(e^eO(^^i<3. Falling by rule for foretelling the consequences of Qurg,. Wils p. 5. ACAMA. (p.)
any action, (p.)
pride. ^SLuTtr^sir, s- Singing in a low,
^SLJi-i,s. Depth, ^tpii. (p.)
^suudsns, s- [ex .^sii, inside, et deep voice without opening the mouth.
] Secret enmity, hatred among rela- ^•xu LjpLD, s. Enjoyment in love In ^air, defined by ^c^eniDaSfi^jin^tM, (jj.)
tives, a_LluaD«. on the part of one only, B>«4£lsr«yiii Qu ^^Lt>, s. Interior, inside, within, e-sfr.
2. Ten enjoyments treated of
^SLjua^LD, s. Ground of infe- (tssgitea^'b.
in the book called .^suQussa, viz., acKga,
^sd <s s- In anatomy, inner
rence (in logic.) See utsii. tulx!rosity, ^afiuuraaii.

j>jsuui^.i inf. \_ex

{p )

inside, el <S£l^'^i g)*uey/r«JW(yw2w, and ursmp ^sdsiTi^ — jifsraani^, s. The in-

u®.] To be obtained, [iriM <lat.'\ side, solid part of timber, the heart of a
as ^0 troTtsiuuL^g}. 2. [willi no;H.] To be
ensnared, entangled, b-Cul. as gifSiif^io
u Lj /D ^ ^ ^sssr —^ suLfpuQuir tree.

s. [vul. ^nQ^S.'] A reli-

crsif, s. as ^suLipii. Partial enjoyment
eteasuucQi-cir. 3. [witli nom. and dat.']
in love, {p.)
gious mendicant in his own country
To be within one's power, influence, ad- used in opposition to unQfU.
vice, &C., affuut— as Zj(^ai^sc^ih mrarauu ^suL^puunuLQ, s- A poem made
Qi-ar. 4. To suGmit, become subordinate, concerning any of the 10 things men- ^sS^t s. Tlie self-existent God,
Sffiuut— as «tlt_3Eff**«u«JrSijiJi_jr<5r, (c) tioned in ^auL/pib. (p.) «i_cief. 2. Inside, h-ctiOSw.

2
 ^T>fr

^<sfflS?tf^tf), s- Inner petals as found *^a/r(Lp'SLh, s. {Si.) Morning, the ^aeu J, V. noun. Calling.
in the lotus pi'' some otlicr flowers; dawn. cH>6i/asrop. (/> ) ~3 ff s. Interior, internal ihino
I ,

=«y c553"/T^', 5. A dictionary, vocabulary. orqu;i.ity. (in ^Imuugi) it-LlQurofir. 2. Age,

^mih, s. House, dwelling, w'^esr,- 2. An
alphabetical index, table of con- aidj^ (^(5«P3ETr.) (p.)
^<5S^fit^uJiT&r-^sw rrtLi^., s. A wife. tents; ex .^^irui, et firs'..
.J)j3>(Lp-.J)j.3,l^, SiQpGST, .S)lsy^rkQ^e!!r,
2. A fc-male (loiiicslic. =J>/-J-Svit£), s. Width, breadth, exten- ^sis. It. a. To
<?o/.*. dig out, excavate a
^sdfifTiT, s. Those of one's own p!on, oS/flBj. 2. The breast, chest, ioiitj ex ;
well or ditch, form a hole as a rat, &c.,
("iniily friends, relatives; opp. to qpg^ni.
,iy«sv, distance. (/).) Sgra-i^. 2. To dig, turn up the earth,
^^ei)<E«Ll.isroc- Narrowness, want plough, e-tf. (p.)
£(tp(S!ou.ujrresr, s. A householder. , s.

of breadth; (r.)
2. A laniUiulder. 3. A caste man. as the ground which supports the plough-
^^ ik, uuf-oj rra. s. A c;v.ste amons; .SfSf^a^iSDrr.^ s. One of the four niodes men.
tliellimlus luiiu rly emi)lciye(l as ser- of (.x|)l:iining verse, explanation at large,
eNp'isiiioii. as aScy^F'y"""' See e-ot/t. (c.)
^eipn^ — .^sQififfS), .s. A large
vants in the palace ami in temples.
kind of field- rat.
^'Sih, s. The earth, t^i^. 2. Depth, *^<5E si9(S3)iE, [prop.'] ^^eBsTiiU., s.
^sLpnQism®^^eo, s. v. Burrowing
^ifto. Place, ©i-ii.
.T. 4. Form of the 7th One of the five matrons and wife of Gau- ,

and casting out the earth, as rats.

case or locative, o^gic^i-f.
luii, as jyooaiD
5. Grain, ^rnfl
used in almanacs. (/).)
tama a sage and philosopher, u^/Fxarsufi
a!>xscilQmirm^^. Wils. p. 100. AhaLYA. jajSL^ —
^^,L0, s. The ditch round
^X'sS'Seo^ s. The price of grain. ^3;eSlL_Lh,s. The earth, y^y. (p.) a fortification, u;.g)<ro<gii©i_B(5.

*^jiLo^ s. Mind, heart, will, one's .jij 3; eSI lu LCi , s. Tree in general, *^<«isrr/H/«LD, s. [priv. ^ et seiriEi

self, icazih.
sin. spot.'] Purity, .n^^ib. 2. A kind of
arsenic, l?.i5Jr^Dff[jyfo.j>/r«iw;i). (/J.)
^^s^JSuuLf^ s. Qualities of the
mind or heart, as kindness, mercy. 2. CsL'iir, I', n. To leave, yield to, re-
tire from, tfib«. 2. To prosper, iticrease, The spotless one, God. 2. Budha.
Internal organs, &c., opp. to Lfp^gi
^^xiHis. 3. To remove from, become dis- ^.ssTTii, ,v. A large earthen pot,
— <^ffLOoi)/r<f ^,s. Plea-
tant, iSifiu.
uiret.
4. To spread, widen, extend,
5. To escape, get away, eStvs; ex
iSi-i

^35^7f;,
2.

s.
A water pot,
An
^/raJi.

earthen pot with a

(p.)
sure, joy. inward ha!)piness, expansion
^xA), width.
of the mind. .la <i6 mouiii used as a reservoir for water,
.3l-s;&}Spp&i. Standing afar
^ s wiSI jLOLD, !i. Self-importanc°,
off. pn'kles, &c., ^'ifi. (p.)
self-will. 2. Tride. ^«6Dff, Low
persons, out-casts,
s. ^<3ifD^, QQp&ff, ^
s piSQesrmr,
Sin, u/rayJ). Wils. p. 8. persons excluded from society, st'fpp. a. To remove, put away,
disperse, dissipate, chase away,
AoiiA.
Wils. p. 5.
2. Tree in general, mruQur^.
Aga. (/>.)
.3is;eoe\i —
ip.)
jtjspeo.^ v. noun. The
cxp(?l,
banifh, tss. 2. {p.) To extend, augment,
incri.', ' j/i^iuir-sx . (^li^Qufi.') ex
state of being removed or separated.
2. A going or wearing off.
widen,
An incantation repeated while bathing;
e.r i^rja*, wash. ^«^<5OT« — <^<5«i)s.ro«, V.
ing out of the way, stepping aside, re-
noun. Go- pand the : id.
t will increase
augment wisdom.
knowledge, ex-

^siMQ^L^esm^a^^wiX. A species of
tirement.
* ^sewLD., s St.) [priv. j)j et <sewt2).]
bathing when the above incantation is Want of we .Jit, utinSa:r3!>ta. 2. Want of
repeated. ^a&)eij, s. Wideness, extension, honor, ^; "ja. idJcSrstDu!.
-
(|>.)
* ^ <E LB lQ
quintillions, ^Qrear. (p,)
\u ih, s. Ten thousand expanse.
.S^rseoQeumr., s. Out-casts who must
^s -sir LD s^tFI . s. A flat gem. See
lOffliof); ex p/e-ij, width, et iceroS, (p.)
* jij^LciRes^'u ^ s. A harlot, concu- keep at a distance.
^ssarjiSso, s. The male of ^ssr
bine, Qurffmsir. (p,)
^,sesrpejijSe>j.,s. Extensive knowl-
jtfw, a bird noted for attachment to its
^sihi^liuaswesrw, edge.
s. Committing mate, ^snadsrrSi^. (p.)
adultery; ex ^sibi£,ur^ el aiosand, going.
ain^maibr^eutOiffne^i^ietr^^am^ they who
observe a courteous address without
^'jiiTi^, adv. (Hhi.) Before, in ad-
^%LDLSixjrrsLD<osn}i usa^em, inf. To guile. vance, Qpdr. 2. «. The rope with which a
commit adultery. .gjQfixppsciT0o;i£m7Qj, the envious will horse's fore-feet are tied, Ljt^ofisiTsariisirp

^SLDLolajfraLDesTLD uem^uQpeuissr. not prosper, (®;dot.)

He who commits lewdness. ^agj/erV,s. Breadth, extension, ^.s * ^arr^ili, s. [priv. ^ et sn^La^fis-
*^sa-Lii, s. The name of the letter evii. 2. Town, village, s!sii. 3. A coun- ed place.] Bottomless depth, ^jjiii. 2.
^, giQi7Qf,'ig>. 2. A
suffix of consonants, 9^ try, inhabited district, mSi. 4. Greatness, A hole, chasm, Ouu*^. 3. A river or body
honor, Oucrsiom. (p.) of water of swimming depth, ifsgii-jarii.
QpQfi^^^irfienaj, aS warii. 3. tOWn or A j

4. (f.) Cunning, artifice, falsehood, a;^*aii.

village in an agricultural district, uxsis^e^^ ^jsts^, The hollow or bowl of
s. \

A villaLTe of braliniins, Wils. p. 5.Agatha.

(c.) 2. An euphemism
giT'. 4. uirJL/(j«!r#(?*/fl. an open lamp; ;s«i(9.
5. Mercury, quicksilver, ^iri?m. (M. Die.) for the mons veneris, .^Agiw. 3. A tree, ^ an^ uu®(^3'LDUJLD. A time of j

*.jijS!fl'Si^sxifu,, s. [priv. ^ et srflei^ Qutjieni. Ailanthus cxcelsa, L. 4. Width, extremity or adversity.

•roi, drawini), §(.] (5^.) Dislike, Oa/ breadth, expanse, KJ/fls/. (;).) ^sn^ek, s. A
cu^:ning, crafty ni:in, ij

siuLi. 2. Sorrow, g:is,h. (jj.) ^iSsi/ffi), J. The call or cry of a (lit.) a deep fellow. |j

*.J>j^Q^., s. A fragrant wood. See peacock, i^^pcgrij. 2. dance, ^^gi. 3. A *^^srr^^QujLD, s. [priv. prrr/-.
.sfSw. Wils. p. 5. AoAun. (jj.)
A species of verse called ^S!,fl»juor. 4. A ^jyS'r-^^.PiL'ii.] Deceit, wickedness, C..-.'
|

peculiar musical sound, ^iutQammg. (p.)

*=iy«T^^/r, s. [prit\ el s/r^^rr, ^ ^aeu^iflff^n — ^affi/^^?/f, A
ejra.,w. (p.)
wu'/;er.] One not a creator, one without
action, Q.'u^sujifjeuiir. species of feet of two syllables,
s.
chiefly
*^<s/rir sjrarfi, 5. [priv. ^ et arnres. .
,
Ij

(p.) cause.] Accident, casualty, the stall- i- 1

found in ^a&ipus.
.S'lisiT^^^^'mitji^s. Not creating, but being uncaused, a'asence or non-exislc: .

having power to continue the order pre-

^aa/G'sv/Tswjr, s. A musical sound of a cause, fipQffiu>\i. Wils. p. 2. An •,

scribed at the creation— one of the. three in which the yri" p/xsje^ is sung. rana. (j})
prerogatives of the Supreme Being. .Si/'seu pu IT, s. A kind of verse <5y«ffj6aarsi5r, s. The Deity, .si^eijeh .
•

See .^^ifiuuur.
^dS/Tj-iii, s. Name of the letter
«u:«;;i^(jL,JrCiy/r«dl, ,9. [prill. SI ft aiiLXifi, ^ssaiy, @Qpek, jij.seS'Qesrm-, Qeuear, aO'cf^jp. 2. An adjm^ct used to help .le I
gf^udiQutxi,.'] The neuter verb, QfinOuQi ^xoi, V. a. To call, ^ot<p««. 2. v. n. To pronunciation of a consonant, Qnnu&ojra'.a
dance, play, ^<_. (p.)

3
 •^dj/rirti), s. [cx <°y« niouDtain, e< (5, *.jif(^LLi—Lh, s. Pepper, oi?str@. a s sssT Ln —^ €F <F em Ld s. [ex
to risu.] A house as rising like a liill, (M. Die.) dem. et «otui.] Tliat time, that instant,
Wils. p. 5. Agaka. (/).) *.jif(^sssdnh, s. Ipriv. el (^emw.'] ^ ^*j3iiiifc4.:ii. See ^rarii. (c.)
^SjTifl,s.
ex
A name of the Deity, « IJefect, a limit, <sppib. 2. xYbsence of good
qualities, badness, (ssotsJotid. 3. Being void
^ m^xsmui., s. A kind of alum, as
! i-aiiSr; ,3y«<i, sin, <jy/fl, d ;:> rover. Qupflsrffth. See t^-sissnriii, {.\f. Die.)
* ^ ^frifl iU s. [priv.^ et snrflujui,
of attributes, gjsvLLffSOTuSccrttoui. Wils. p. 5.
Agcna.
=2y<c>35^, s. A tree, Terminalia, L.,
affair.'] An uniinportunt affair, useless, fiiresrpliDffib. (^M. Die.)
unpromising pursuit, Wils. ^(^essft., s. An ill-natured, mischiev-
2. Akaiiva.
sr/lnjuippff. p.
ous man.. 2. One who is maimed or
^itsQ^sQ., s. A grass, Q^it^iostu
(p.)
(Af. Die.)
* ^ s rr eii LCi ^ s.
Unseasonablencss, untinielincss, uija/ut.w
[priv. ^ el <sff6\)ii).]

^
lame, (p.)
(^LDiStn u, s. A plant, as seSi^ *
L/w.
a <55 sjD^cS
—some ^Ll<y«n^,2r, s. Whole
giiimu, Borago Ind., L. {M. Die.) rice used in ceremonies to secure an
eniD. 2. (/? ) Unlimiled duration, ^^oraSw
auspicious result, mmaeuajiflS). Wils.
«/r5o j. .3. (c.) Time of affliction or distress *,-ijy Sv. u/r J- sir, s. A tortoise, the
A«shata. (p.)
p. 3.

from want of food, u^rairc^ti. Wils. p. 2. king turtle, the tortoise which is supposed
Akai.a. ,
to \ii)liold the world, ^^ji-iinio. Wils. p. .jij s a 15 ^ ih s. A tree, ^n&sriSlLornja.,

^.'.'crrs\)LSl(T^^^, s. Untimely deatli. 3. Akooi'Aha. Terminalia, L. (A/. Die.)

(p.)
s. A snake, L//rii)L/. 2. Iron, .jy <s5«/5.^/, s. [prov.] last range The
To break as a gi?.* of chaff in the threshing floor, 0»jD®s5><a/ij
©^^4. Wils. p. 101. Am. (/) )
V. a. stick,

^Qu^ — ^ff^sOT, s. The king of «.

To
2. To break with violence,
beat, ^isl*/e. 4. To cause
gp«9*«.
to go, to
3. i-ip^^ tS^JsSituu^i.

*=gy«<SL;jri_ii, s.
See Quirc^aaiF^.
An area, a boxing
serpents.
drive a carriage, &c. Q^^^^. 5. To inflict or wrestling ground, wpsa/i. Wils. p. 4.
^©L/^ti, «. Tlie brahniiny kite. suffering, fQsisfi. 6. To part or cut asunder, Aksiiai'ada. (p )
2. The peacock; er l/q, to eat. To elevate,
7. trofuu. (p.)
(/>.) .siJ^^".

^em'SUL^, V. noun. Breaking, cut-

^l^iSLjuirQ, s. A disaster at sea,
Sams, s. The silk cotton tree, @ ting, driving, afflicting, elevating.
loss, or injury of the lading of vessels,
cua(. Wils. p. 101. AlIIKA. (p.) tDSsse^i^QfffiiQ ex utQ., loss, (c.) «
*^3(i^rs3Tsir, s. (St.) A poor per- ^ <S!r)

flow or
a; u Lj su
harmony
(mr^jrjTLh, s.
in a i)oem, .)fp^f>s^'^^'0f<3
AVant of ^<i3iLj[>,
s.
;

Grain, ^nesfluju). See

son, ;3/fl^^'irs*. Wils. p. 2. Akinjana. (;).) [prop. ^&aib.']
,5y«ii); 2. Kope, cord,
i^^/irjSti); e.r ,5yeto«ui./, breach, a/siwcsBrto.
*^lSlaiLL,., s. Ipriv. et aS.fiih.'] dis-^ A
{p.) 3. Atree, as ^rcir^ioirii. (p.) 4. (c.) Side,
*^j'^.-:xfr, inter. An exclamation of uasth, as ^A&ibuasih usB^giCi QuSf^ear, he
liked, unpleasant tliin.i;-,g);sn!sS7siDuj. 2. Iluit-
surprise, concern, bravado, ^^^(ua^riun. looked about him and spoke.
fulness, hostility, malefaction, uma. .3.
Wils. p. 101. AnoE. *^^<35L£) ^irdsixi., s. Terrestrial
Unfitness, unsuitableness, ae^mto. 4. Willi-
* .j^Qjiir^ [f Lc, s. [priv. et Qsirff Metal, gold, mo-
out right, having no claim, tuftrounJeirOTio. j)j latitude, yC«rarL_#ii. 2.
fii.] Incomprelicnsibleness, the state of ney, C/uJOT. 3. Price, cost, ^»tnfl«j«IJij. (p.)
^QfiiT^s.
101. AlllTA.
Foes, enemies. Wils. p.
being not perceivable by the senses, ^fi
*^<i3itj) — .jijLL'fLh., s. Eye, seeur.

•^^S^iC^ujLD, s. [priv. et 2. The seed of the elsocarpus, worn as

* ^jQmirs^rr'smtr.^ s. Pouring in pen- a bead by religious mendicants, sucsf^
^luib,what ma'/ he dune.'] Imi)r()por con- cil forms. Sec, as rain, iSsoQur^anx.
(pO
— ^iLffwesS,
ffffu-ffii).
duct, non-conformity to rule, jyiSirioio. (c.)
^Qsn^nesiiTuurrmLDeiaifi. A pouring ^dsmessfl s. A head
^Qii, s. Iprov.] A kind of scurf
rain. worn by
of the seed of the elaeocarpus,
upon the head. See ji"'.
^Qairsi^iTLCi, [priv. ^.] Want religious mendicants.
*^l^s\)Lh,
rated.]
s. [priv.
All, the whole, trAsurJ). Wils.
^ el Qsoih., sepa-
p.
*
of ancestry, i. e.
s.

of a bad descent, (gm ^s s LD rr '2e\> —^ lL ld it '2e\3 s. A

rosary, a string of beads, especially of
5. Akhila. 2. The earth, (/).)
* ^Q3im9edLc>, A place sacred tlie eljeocarpus.
^QeJ^ueer,
euruj/rCgjOT-,
s.

lie wlio
Ecpiivalent to wso
is of every form,
to Vishnu, N. W.
s.
of Madras, ^>fiwii. (c.) * ^l<isir LD —
lL'S'H' LD, s. letter A
.^(c^TiTLC), s. Fierceness, severity, of the alphabet, a character, the marks
he who is all.
fervency, formidableness, Q«r®»iiuj. (c.) 2. on an amulet, fofAff- Wils. p. 4. Ak-
^Q SO rremu- ii, s. All worlds, the One of the five faces of Siva that to the — SHAIiA. (p.)
universe, ^cjoiCwmuj; ex tsystwi—ii, world, (;).) south, Sl^cir ^liQpagQfitsiTff. (p.) Jljds!T»^SU: .^l—fJI'SffiSi}:, S. A
^Q&inemi—Qsnijf.., s. An immense ^Qxsr^uS) tsSuf/sQ^rcar, one who performs kind of play in writing, arranging let-
number of worlds. severe penance is a great rogue. ters in a fanciful manner, iSn^p^s^iS
^

^S(5\)yrsK)rL_QJS^)siS?, s. ififj.) Par- * ^Qsiirj'frsiplj' iM, s. [fX c5ya©'j, day

vati, urr^et]^. et rir^^fi, night.] Day and night, usg^iSteidi.

*.j)lQe\), s. A fragrant wood the ^ O'cE/T'oTDT, s. An

astrological divi-
sion of the d.ay into sections of one hour,
esiii. Si. The properties, forms, -names,
powers. &c. of letters, orthography. 2.
smoke of wliich used for perfuming the
is
One of the sixty -four aluijjfKmb; et g)«vi
hair. Aquila, or eaglewood Xylaloo, — or two and a half nal ikies each, in which the

^ s /sjnnwu w —^L-.r!TrriTu>uw,
ic7\D, seven planets reign successively, succeed-
)
ing each other once in every cycle of seven s.

hours. The order of succession is as fol- Beginning to teach a child the letters
block of Aquila, sandal. lows. Sun, Venus, Mercury, Moon, Saturn, of the ali-habet, with appropriate cere-
^©^*_tl®, s. A compound of five .Jupiter and Mars. From this it follows as monies, on the tifth year.

'
ingredients, viz.,
yriii, pure camphor,
ccuii, an unguent,
trSxirs, spices, ffH^senb,
a matter of course, that the planet which
gives name to the day commences its reign
*^idEir/i) ^<?<yir/i)
— iJ- ^T ih, ^
sandal wood, and C;jwr, honey — used for at sun-rise, ^aDrtSgniLtSfiai.
s. A disease of the stomach causing erup-
tions on the tongue aud lips; thrush, aph-
pcrfumuig the hair. {]>.') ^tRcE^/r^, s. A mint, sihuiLt— th», giiQgi^. (e.)
To A jeweller's shop, ^aiUxaiar Qf£j
^S^L/ss3«tt^Lli_,
the hair
fumigate
with the fragrant smoke of the
in/. fitei.
•/i*i_iD.
2.
3. A mechanic's or smith's shop,
^ <i

plant,
s J- rr <x rr IT lis, s. A medicinal
Anthemis Pyrethcum, gryawO.

* ^SfT^^, s. [prit\ et SiT^^.] ^asg:nie<iiuir,s. Smiths, workers in

Disgrace, ill-fame, ffUSi^^. Wils. p. 2. metals. 2. Jewellers, goldsmiths, is, V. n. To rejoice, exult, tcarxSm.

Akbertt. See .^sESffts, (c.)

^dcdst^, s. [prop, ^oosi^.'] Diffi-
^1(^1— iM, s. *k kind of cathartic culty, disaster, trouble in a voyage or jtj isssi/Dy s. (Tel.) Concern, neces-
medicine, the «S(gffrrS«!=«. (M. Die.) journey, peril, ^s^Jwt^. (r.) sity, ^cuffliiiA. (c.)

4
 ^asQesfl, s. Urine, qp^^hld. 2. eSy « © 6sfl u lu ua, s. [in c^Ucndars.']
•^iRcB/r, s. A mother, ^/^tu. [p.)
Saltpetre, Qanj^iLjOt-i. 3. Solder, KaiffffrsJj. Danger or fear of fire.
{M. Die.) ^dQesffuLSuQeuffii), Eiit<?riMg
j)j3i<B.T, s. [prop. ^d^fT^.] Elder .s.

sister, r^i^LSp^^rerr. (f,)

*^l.iS'3sFl,s. Fire,^. 2. The god into or passing through fire, as a reli-
of tire and regent of the soutli-e;ist, ^sS gious act.
^sfsnQ^sS , s. Tlie goddess of
(See PA^un-cusif.) 3. (iV/. Die.)
co/'t^Sfiursjr.
^dSesfluiSL^mLj, A body or
evil, c^G;5«i, the L-ldtr sister of g)€uiguS. s.
The plant Q^ajOMis-CojaJ. There are reek-
fiame of fire.
oiie<l different kinds of ^iSsiSl, (n) .geycr
*^<5 cE .TiT LD, s. Sugar, .y(T5<s«s;D/r. Ca/^fiSisfl, of three kinds, for preparing ^dSei^uLSeiruLj, s. A volcano,
2. Clotli, clothes, (Jb,) {p.) medicines, as «U)«u(ri®.T^, ari^irtSl^, $urs volcanic eruption.
^65«/rsTr, Elder sister, ^u3«6B)<s, ®.»», wliich see. (/<) Three otlier kinds
s. ^dSenRLoessri—eou), s. The seat of
called Ctt^iaStrf for sacrificial purpo.ses,
DOC. (c.) fire in the system-^he abdomen.
as, eir(f^su^^iU{b, fiss^s^aS.'afJiud}, ^sa/^^'ji.
s. [cT <:gyc»fLP.] Eye, .ssot. See (c) The fire which will (:ons\iine ^dS^LDih^u), s. Indigestion.
2. (c.) A kind of scabby disease or the world, sj-euriSssfl. Wils. p. G. Ac^M.
(}).)
erysipelas on tlie breast or back, chiefly ^d@6sfl<s em-LD, s. Tiie same as
^d86BflLD'2e\), s. A volcanic moun-
found in cliildren, ^Ss^isnj^air. 3. Heat, tain.
^asem-^, an inauspicious measure. See
«!_i^._<OTi. 4. An insect, giiy,t9.
aeaortii.
^dQesBiS^ds., inf. To tread on
(p.)
The eve-ball.
^dSlesflsiTLJuw., s. A spark. 2.
fire, one of the thirty-two kinds of self-

j)/d@ui-,&iii, s. A disease of the A crystal with fabidous qualities. 3. A

torture.

eye. {M- Die.) decayed cuttle-fish bone, Os sepia;, «i_ ^d8ei!flQp'2e\3, s. The south-east
* ^1 iQ. lU IT ^ LCt ^/ 1^ 1^ IT ih , s.
region.

[priv. ^ e/ Bdjrfi^.~\ Obscurity, k:s»>;d«/. (/>.)

^sSeafl a'iec., s. Breath coming ^dQsafliunQ^iuih., s. One of the
^sQiuiT^sutTfih., s. (^properly and from the nostrils, in ffwfifipinib. twenty-one ur™, sacrifices.
elepanlly, ^^tgrgairsui.) life of pri- A ^dQeaflQsia^^ULD, s. One of the ^jdQssB iunefu^rrih., s. A kind of
vacy, living incognito under a feigned twenty-one lureii. 2. One of the princely arrow, cjraprii. (f)
name. races.
^dQe^Qajaaw., s. An inauspici-
•,^<iS«j.TS3TU3, s. [priv. ^ et Qujrr jtldQeefldsL-®., s. Restraining the ous conjunction of the days of the week
ail for (gxOT-ii.] Ignorance, lack of wisdom, power of fire by magic. with the tithi FP, as follows 1. When :

destitution of spiritual knowledge. See 9jd Qesff d s emem eir, s. A fiery the .5th or llUi tilhi, I.unar day (^^))
man, one having a terrible countenance. occurs on Monday. 2. When the .Oth
^dSiunesR, s. An ignorant per- ^dS}e!sfl,fissrLDasr., One born of tithi occurs on Wednesday. 3. When
son, one destitute of the knowledge of the 6th or 9th occurs on Thursday. 4.
fire, Skanda. See ^sfitsfy.
God; as ^rgQiTi!*. When the 8th or iOth occurs on Friday.
^dSeefls^rTrk^ .s. [)"« astrology.] Of- T). When the !Hh (,r
*^dQirLDLi:i, s. [priv. et Sinow.] ^ ferings to fire; this is done witli ghee, urday. 6. W
1th occurs on Sat-
hell the 12th occurs on
1

Want of order, or arrangement, eoufiisiou, plantains, cakes, &c., after repeating an Sunday.
irregularity. s(yiBiS.irs^^. 2. "Wrun;;, in- incantation one hundred and eight times
justice, jv<»ia. 3. Uariiig impiety, QarS ',^/<sS53fl^.^_5LDLJS3rii, s. Stopping
to avert evil from .sfsSviKSfsajaT. These
arm. Wils. p. 3. ACKRAMA. the power of fire by magic, ^aSoSssLiSI.
ofFerings are made particularly at the
•^/«Sj-ld, The 2. One of the si.\ty-four sSnj^/rwjni), sleot^r
s. point of any time of marriage and of doing penance.
thing. .^oA. 2. In astronomy, amplitude, ^fdSeaffs^aeOw., s. Tricks or arti-
fices made by the agency of fire.
>'^<iQ(Ssf}L./^, s. [ex^dSeeB et blos-
som.] Skanda. who
led the celestial armies
^d@esfl4:Sl&)w., s. plant, Glori- A against the i\suras. Siva having cast his
s. Civilities, honors, respect as paid to
OSa Superba, X., air^^^eaias&tfi^(§.
seed into the llamo for tlie purpose of
the first in order of a company.
^sSnfrrLDih.^ s. Foreskin, ^esB^ j>l
dSesfls'Q 3= iTsasu, s. [prov.'} A generating a warrior able to subdue ])a-
blister-plaster. ruka one of the chief Asuras, Skanda Was
C^rw
^ dQesRil. Q I— mnu, — ^ dQ 6sff<^
; ex sii^ii, skin.
produced. In the Skanda I'lirana, where
^dQasesruxssr., s. A priest. 2. El-
Ct-ruiii. s. One of the twenty-one urs^. his wars are described at large, his birth
der brother. 3. Brahma. is given diflcrently, <ji,a®crS*tjTii3tjr.
^dSeisfld^Lhuw—^dQeaflerv^Lhuui,
^i©jy*-2s87 j)/dQ!TL^em^,s. The s. Little shells, cowries, ueo
respect paid to tlie principal person at
s. A pillar of fire. 2. Stopping the
suryp. 2. Beads or rings made of conch
power of fire by magic. 3. One of the
a feast, or to the principal deity of a shells, <fE®mt»9. 3. Beads of religious men-
si.Xty-four slc^XQiranb.
temple. dicants, of seeds of the clajoearpus, ti^r^a^
^d@6isfl^^uou(^, s. Siva as a co- 4. The hump on an ox's back,
^d^awiriSs^w^ s. The heart. otlLsw.

^^Sudr —^dQ/ftiudr, s. Elder

lumn of fire. See ^liuii.
jifdSesfl^^ffiuLD., s. The aggregate
''<3Pff^9''^^. 5. Bone, cTgjiji^. G. The fruit
of a tree, the Dellenia, L., s^xrssri,.
brother.
of the three fires maintained by the .^d(^LDir'2eo, s. A necklace of sa-
Brahmin householder, the Garhapatya, cred beads.
[vul. ^iSirrrii.] A village or street of «r(,j<sijs^tiii,Dakshanagniyam, gii-^^i ^d(^(i^d@, s. Consumption of
brahmins' houses, unfL,uKr*(;«rf). (c.) Bisfiiuui. and Ahavaneya, ^«a<6Dfuii. See ^.
the bones.
^iSj-^.i^.Tissfl^s. The register of ^dQesB^^nirisusui., s. Fire-water
human actions kept by Yama, the juiWe — sucli as nitric acid, &c.
[prov.] Crisis,
s. ^uem
of the dea<l, recoriling all actions
original birth,
from tlie ^dQesfl Ktreir — jijdQssfliFLLs'^^rrili., (iii(gpp£l£j.
stability, ffiQ^xii.
Doubt, uncertainty, in-
2.
3. Condition, terms of
s. [a.vfr(;/.J An inauspicious nakshatra agreement, Quir(^,i/sib.
or day. There are three in a year, viz.,
Brio*f)s»>iu, s. Versed sine. when the sun is in the last quarter of
^s(^&;Qj^iriQeO<!X.Tf;oj<sk.iS. One
the second naksh.atra, urarf), when in destitute of food .and clothing, one without
•^«SlT3=3=ir^ s. The .sine of the
tlic 3d nakshatra, «/rc4^»n«. and when
friends and relations.
amplitude.
in the 1st quarter of the 4th nakshatra, ^<i(ajTS3r, s. One of the seven of
^aSir-ri<srTti), s. A kind of root the 2(1 class of .alms-giving princes, fi)s»>i_
which is used as an ingredient in a med-
icine, Qg"i).rT$lltSufQl0riirj,,
j)jd Senfl u(i^.?.SLD, s. Danger of
^sQq^, fire as an astrological result of the ag-
=^*OC5^^) The' prime mini.--ter
s. a finger, eSud^). (p.) gregate of five items. of
a^ffiST,
•»•

atir^f^QpfieiiruiKfi^S, (p.)

5
* ^ i (^Q r IT esS —^ <S5 (S xir srssfl — ^lasSturr^LD., s. A mental appro- ^lEj s n i^sa^etDL-, s. A peddler s
^4<;«/rfflOT), s. [jM-o/). jy«G)«or®t<i»fl.] A com- priation or the assignment of various basket.
plete army of lOOj-'lSO foot,
t'oiisisliiig ])arls of the body to tutelary divinities, *^iEJ3iiTj-:XL£i--^iBia;.TirLjb,s. Char-
65,610 horse, 21,870 chariots and 21,870 by touching the several parls,^and ap- coal^ burning or not„«A Wils. p. 10. As-
elephants, grust>i_^0^(r«n«; ex ^i^ff, a car- plying sacred ashes, accompanied with
gauaca. (p.)
riago, et a_«L!Stoti«, assemblage.
VlCSHOWHINV.
Wils. p. 5. iiicantation.s, according to the usual
mode of Hindu worship; ex nfuWav, ar-
* ^ji/iEj SiT J- s sir — ^iEJ3i,T j-enr., s. Fire

^ vr-^srr — <jyoo(g«3r;, s. Tlie arm- rangement,

^isjsuuf. — (p.)
^(E/«(a/i^, s. Stirrup,
or the god of fire, Csg^uL/.
planet
Jlars, from his fiery color, Qfdiairaj. Wils.
2. The
pit, aixii. (c.) p. 10. Angaraca. (p.)
*^^«s3)d5,s. Elder sister, (c.) •^iy/E/ds/TJauffOefi?, s. [also itrritten
^lEjsuLSir^d'Semw—^iij.sLJLSn'^LL
^^Q.srr, An exclamation of
^nair'ttrjsjl.] A plant, ©jSigJir. Wlfs. p. 11.
inter. 'fitiOTii, A mode of worship by rolling
.9.
Angakavullt. (jlf. Die.)
surprise, pity or distress, ^P*uja9r««* round a temple after a car. Sec, turning
^lEJS/rS., s. Borax, Qsyemsirnu^.
to the right, in performance of a vow,

^/<!b(o ^/rffOii), s. The Q^/rj(^ tree, &c. ; (r.)

right.
ex iSi, before, et fCSiamiii, ^ wsirerfl, s. The goddess Kali, ji/iii

and its nut. (Af. Die.)

^/E7«<y/r^«.s/rj'S3r, A village
^lasuiSffrrLUg^Sl^^LD, s. Expiation *^tEjS, s. A cloak, long garment,
,v.
for bodily impurity, especially the obla- gown, surplice, OiFGi(s*i:-raii-. (c.) 2. (p.)
.servant, tiie same as StnTiauuetrfiQ^^ajinirr,
A persijU, one with a bod)-,
tion offered by the heir at the first fu- ^iix^aofit^soL^
who by order of the licad of tlie village
neral obsequies to remove the impurity lua/sjr, cj- ^BsiD.
(p.) 3 The third lunar
calls a meeting of the inhabitmUs, pro-
contracted during the period of mourn- asterisni of the Hindus, si,r^^a!,s. 4. The
cures things wanted. (c) thirteenth lunar asterism, sf^^^tin. 5.
ing,
* ^iBJ3iSS!)TiM,s. A court, a yard, (jo/D
^ia sLDiT'260,s. A. iSlrrui^^tl or poem I'ire, c^--^--^.. 6. The god of fire, ^iSsaJi
pio. Wils. p. 10. Akgana. 2. Viitt r A describing the princijial members oi the
pipe, aqueduct, a covered gutter or drain,
^EiQ cinfiutO^sefiLipffaiar, I perform all rites
body, such as the eye, face, breasts, due to fire, {uirr^ta,)
rii^gtsnr. (p.) ,3. Mud, mire, Qfjf. 5. Bo-
&c., in the female, and shoulders, arms,
rax, Oa/«*«jirii. (Af. Die.)
breast, &c., in the male. The order of ^laS^nslkimr, s. The principle

^ IB
Vislinu,
a SHUT ak ,
«Sc®^.
s.
3.
Siva,
Argha,
SlBisai. 2. description must be from the feet to the
hair of the head, or from the head to ^
fire

ISJ Q
as operative in the body.
IS IT (Sir , s. The thirc' lunar
,^/cr«-T*f (p )
the feet, (p.) . asterisni. 2. The thirteenth lunar as-
^lEja^esS., Parvati, urrrreu^. (p.)
2. Kali, srtfi.
s.

3. The ap^mig plant, aloe.

^ ISJ tun SIS)., s. The eight quali- terism, the
was born.
day on which me god of fire
(Af. Die)
ties of
^lasirdsir,
a Yogi.
s.
See
[local]
ffiu/raio. (p.)
^lamrLL^ir. ^Pj rki 3 ifl — ^jikiSsifl, dQQpssr.,
ih s skr s. That place, ( used ad- A jacket, Otoij^^LLesyi—,
^Qy.-i, , uQusiT. ara, v. a. To accept, receive,
approve, reicome, apffiQxnirar.
verbially ) there, as ^tsaiir. (p.)
^ ISJ s rr lL SI essfl f
s. A coat of ^^I^'S irj- Lb
."Igl/ ^ IEJ@ S IT T ih S.
•.jy/Hds^Lc, s. Epaulet, a bracelet mail, (p.)
..^oeptance, approval, a ppiQseAigiaos.
formerly worn over the shoulders. Q^ira/a^. ^lasnnsiM., s. Anointing the l)(5dy
(vils. p. 11. Angekara.
Wils. p. 10. Anoatiia. 2. A snake, uriiL/.
3. Abuse, contemptuous language, sar-
wi'
e.i
lerfumes, sacred ashes, S!^ndal,
ru™, anointing. (p.)
&C..;.,
^ isjS s IT ff (it)Q f iLi. Receive me,
casm or offensive allusion ^tstir^Qi^irih. 4. gratify me.
^/E/ci/f, s. Inhabitants of the codn-
Valsehood, Quiii. .5. Elephant's food, *^iEj8<s=LD, s. One of the thirty-two
try, ^as^.
B-uSt—fiia, ti.ui{li—fiw(Tpuu^^re^:^Q^esr^. (p.)
la s/fS'^inDrTesr, Kannan the
^lEjQQfi^^ — ^lEjSKSi^G'uuek,
s.
*,=5y /E7 <s d7 sir, s. The name of a
country, ««r«jr*.
king of the .s/btw, (p.)
celebrated monkey, one of the hemes of s. One who
frequently changes his party
the Uamayana, the son of Bali, aieJlmaii/sar. ^iL^ eSiueo., s. The constituents
or place, 2. One of fickle or va-
isrSi-iri^.
(_c.) Wils. p. 10. Anoatha. of royalty. See j^rfimw. (p.) grant habits, as to dwelling or otherwise,
^iii<T,^i^., s. A term of respect used ^ « affsiirsar, b. One who has
in addressing pandarams, which answers bodily defects, ssjlS. (c.)' *^iii3^Ljb, s. A scar, mark on the
to fiirmsiv. (c.) ^ n^u IBIS It ^ ua s. A system of body, iu-ppofiiLi. 2. Name given to the
hero of a poem, uni-QiacL-^^Jtuo/air. (p.)
•^^asti, s. A limb, member, part atiatomy; ex first, et ur^ji. (p.)
The name of a son of
^/5/ffi)ir«jr, s.
• or organ of the body, .
;
• 2. Body' fiar (F' "iCBr , s. [priv. ji/ii ] One
Mark, sign, j^smi-iLij-sino. Brahma, a Rishi, one of the seven sages
3. TBitl-ut body, «-i_«S6v5. 2. The Deity,
eton, «r^K)L/4«-®. 5. Symmetry, v.-.D foi-Uitti ^ .^ar. 3. Kama, marm^cir.
who were transferred to the skies where
, (p.)
human or other shape as of letters, &».,fis they appear as the stars of the grAt bear,
'ilrnr lEiSLL,.^ J. All kinds, with swa/ ^BSnffor.
ufsu&ir. 6. (p.) Adivision ^f learning (-om* (p.)
prehendlng such scie' - as is consider^ C as, ^i>sli!Stna/Quiraib, all Worldly * .jijiEjS' s. Foot, sBiieo.
ifi , (p.)
dependent on the Ve as, ; hence cal&VF enjoyments, (p.)
fiiTsisia^ *ffBJ«iii, ft-L//rH3«t ,' 'd iStrfi^'Jhtasth, ^ \, .jijikiseoiriu., aSQpasr, ^G^esr, u
^iwSsafl- s. A species of aloes, e^n
A (AT- Die.)
A country, giKS/nuii. 8. '-iigu:ige, piun Quiir, *a, V. n. To lament, be grieved, g:a
tSfisspQTjemifi.

9. A bedstead, «LLi}.m. Wils, p. 9. 9is. 2. To covet, desire greatly, g)#fti«;

^iEi(^, [adverbialli/.'] There, in thai
and 10. Anga. ex .SfSib et «m/riij. (c.) place, yonder, thither, in that life or state,
^ikj<sB3:<ssr.i s. Kama, The ind.an ^ a'^eer 1 s. A woman, a female,
in yonder world, jya/aJ^-i. (c.) 2. (p.) A
* lEj
poetic expletive, .^•ar>fffi7t^i.
Cupid, uidrte^ar ex g, to be bom. (jj.) adamsel, Qum. Asgana. (p.)
Wils. p. 10.
^lasisjQs. There and there.
^lEjss'ir^sear LD, s. A sign, mark. ^iB'Sir., dSQjDear, ^Q^ssr^ uQueir.,
The signs of the stars, &c., at
^isjQs. Ther-e.
(e.) 2. is, V. n. To gape, ope'i tlie mouth freely,
one's birth. yawn, <i/»i^p4«. (p.) ^ lEJ 3" l9
Horse gram.
IT if} .J>jlW(^ 3=^, s.
Glycine, i. O^ro'. (M.Dic.)
^(hss^n^issTLDLSisf-^^eo. Finding out ^lasiT, v.noun. Opening the moutli.
any thing by signs or circumstances ^ijfiaQt—KflTe\)<ij^airQfiiup&, (jycr.) The let- *j)liEj(^3t}i, s. An elephant's goad,
fixing suspicion upon one. ter <S> and is pro-
originates in the head, uriar^Q^nLi^. Wils. p. 9. AffOUSHA. (p )
nounced by opening the mouth. ^iij(^s-fiiTifl, s. Yellow sulphuret
s. Distortion of the countenance from ^iEi-3'>iri^, s. [Tel. .^isj.sLf..] Bazaar, of arsenic, ^^fifirrtb. 2. (p.) Ganesa, •!«
habit, grimace;, ex Cffi*«>i_, gesture. street of shops, aao^-typ. (c.) ojsdfr. 3. An elephant keeper. i/jfJanjur***-.

6
 ^5
*
^ <3= IB LD ih ^<3=/E/ffi(i), S. [pHv. *^s'i5Qs;iri—U:>-^<3=isQ^i''Si^
^ et ff*C.sra*io.] Displeasure,
Ui,
di.s-
s.

ggi, .1. A name of Ganesa as bearing a ^ et eiisi!s<h, Disunion, opposition, \_priv.

Qei^uq.
2. Opposition of the sun sati.sfaetion, regret,
cold and goad.
j)jisi(^s=unesisB, s.
(;>.)

Ganesa, aSiBrriLi
L/«OTii*©iJ<jrOTui.

and of a planet, Sisimii g/flujgi/ig tjfitiidpsna. * ^j^-uLD — ^<3=<S3)u, s. A particular

Wils. p. 93. Asangama. (p.) muntra, ji^ma:. Wils. p. 12. A.iapa. (/).)
Kali as hav-
as lioldiug a goad.
ing a goad in lier hand,
2.

(p )
^ 3= pi Q lu Ld. A nuispnce, ^(ijai/ * ^ T- u il"} lu il\ s. [priv. ^ ct .futuu).]
Vulgar and obscene language unfit for an
^/E/(59=(?f7'/r^OTru5, s. The flour of
^''3= lEJ QQpeSsr., jijfiijQQesTdr^ assembly, eonunonly ^/jLiJojiA.
the root Curcuma angustifolia, tf^ena.fsi.
jyiTEj*, u. n. To move, stir, .iyai>.»iu. (c.) * 3^ LD 3) rr &• Ld — ,jy 3=0) Lc>ir£S<stja —
{M. Die.)
w (^Q r IT s. The ^ SFiEJ<S!n^., s. [priv. prov.l Dis- eQii,Kf,<i<,

Sison Ammi,
s. Onium,
gjtoii. (il/.
Ethiopian
Die.)
cumin.
j>l honor, in^uLStNonio. (p.) >
grass, g)»4<w.

^[Ei(^en)^ir<ok, s. (For.) A wild ^ >{F *

Tribuhis.
/T" (_b , s.

2. A
The Qis0(i^Qeo
tree, Hyperanthcra Mo-
plant, * ^1 3= Lo
m7iuaj/gl.
15

[priv. ^.12.
Lb ,

Drowsiness, stu-
s. A mountain fig,

goose, Qu(Siifi.r(rir. (c.)

ringa, (jicjsjan*. {M. Die.) pidity, laziness, uiHr^^nmib. (e.) 3. Uncon-
' forniily, ffthumfiiSmeayui.
*^<r(g5<yffi)u5, s. [priv. sj et s=<^ff-

The thumb, Qu^^iAi. 2. (_fi<j.) A dwaif- euii.] Immobility, firmness, tranquillity of ^^i£)/F^6sr, s. A lazy, stupid per-
person, beast, &c. ©.ssar. mind, ^^an^eSiiaremio. (.p.)
son.

Meanness, lowncss, Sip * '3= Lc tu Ln s. [priv. si et s^iniuisi.']

s.

Thimble, a word used by Moormen. tSrp «>u).(p.) 2. Fault, (sppti. 3. (c ) A small An unsuilable, inconvenient, unpropitious
splint, a loose, uneven portion of a sur- or improper time, i^^&iretnoiuti.

* j)jw(^!ris>., s. GeriTi, shoot, spro'ui": , as on a plate of metal, the finger

,
*^<y /-o/TisarLb, s. [priv. ^ et fwrr
&C., B-QvJBeitSsSp Cl/CJU5*!?). Unlikencss, hicomparableness,
from a seed, blade, gp". 2. A kinu "''I
.i;;; «ni.]

Wils. p. 9. Ankura. jijfi—iT, s. Low-caste people, ill-

shrub isu'unuGuiccfl.
bred persons, Sijit^ssa,. *^3-LD, s. Goat, sheep, 2.

^ia(^!jrrnuuesmLD., s. A ceremo- ^ TLLeaiL—, s. [prio. ^ et ^lIsol..] Three years old paddy,

onion, QeuAxniuih. Wils.
c^o/cji-O/seD.
Aja. (p.)
3. An
Neglect, inattention, heedlessness, reck- p. 12.
ny preliminary to a religious or nuptial
which seed is made to sprout,
feast, in lessness, indiff'ercncfc, Caiaiari^tanni. 2. Con- ^ j<5<y/r/E^ji.o, s. A phrase meaning
as an auspicious sign; ex ^iuuaxtib, tempt, disdain, disesteem, disrespect, apuj/r as different as a sheep is from an ele-
placing. esyLD. (c.) l<iiant, widely different ; ex aeii, ele-
^fLL&ni—uemem., v. a. To neg- phant, et ^*#irii, difference, (c.)

V. n. To
sprout, shoot, ofkti&s. 2. To lect, disregard, contemn, di.sdain. * ^1 3^ Lb u sv LD , s. [priv. ^ et ^ihu
occur, appear, originate used only in the — ^ sfQ, s. Ridicule, scofling, laugh- tuuH.l Improbability, an extraordinary
tliird person neuter, (p.) ter.' joking, pleasantry', B/a^ij/ffu^tmi. (p.)
event, ^^truih. 2. One of the three de-
fects in composition, ^c^xs^eSiiii Qpi(sppA
*^isj(^ffOLc>T s. A finger, aSjsiJ. 2. 2. Suddenness, ffSp. 3. Lightnes.s,
^Qsjiriir^. See G^/ra*i4. 3. Non-existcuce,
carelessness, (often used for ^lu/i^.) 4.
Finger's breadth, ^ipsmi—. 3. (e.) Digit,
LSpa',rffrj3.
Drowsiness, CMra). 5. The name of a cer- (.p.)
cue twelfth part of any dimensions. Wils.
p. 11. Angula. tain man who was
supposed to be a shepherd, ^^eowiuni Smr
praised by f^aentuu,,;^ * ^ 3= ih u IT e£l ^ ih y s. [priv. ^ et s^ih

*^iEi(^S — ^/B7(gs^, s. A finger, vnauiti—uQuppaiar, (f.) 6. (6V.) An Un-

ujaJpsir

{ud}^.)
] Improbability,
{p..
fihutSiass^i^t^g,

toe, cJfsx. 2. Tip of the elephant's trunk, chaste woman,

The name of a
<u*<aJ. {p.)
^g'LbiSl — ^3=LD<ss)u, $. A bag,
s —
^s:^d(S-srres)eu, s.
^ lEj eSI li ^ia(^eSliLiuj, s A book wherein a shepherd named is
budge! a double bag, a traveller's wahet,
G>3.Ti.L«ou.
,

(c.)
finger -ring, Omrfieib. (/>.) by gciaoa/iuM; it contains four
pi';u.sed

^ sSlQ^
la rrsr essrtii, s. The tri- hundred stanzas like all Caiana. books.
*^j^ru.iLD3jLb, s. [priv. ^ et ^wLn^Lh.)
Disapprobation, smtD^tSssfartio,
lineal mark of the Siva sect, ^ifiLiaxr ^^^tfssrsjfljS. Apoplexy. (itf./)(c.j
t-rioj ex QfirrffOJisih^ TOW. Q5.)
^ff^ojp^ ( used adverbially. J At-
*^j 3h!i Lb., s. [priv. ^ et ^jti loconio-
*^iS!3k.TLh, A process in lione.
tiim.'] A motionless, inanimate thing, .lysK*
s. tentively, giving the whole attention,
(yAi. (Anat.) free from other dares.
^3=j iT^., s. The QsiT<sisres)p^ tree,
^rwems., s. Palm of the hand, &.&r air_5SVff;griij^<pflir'.ff5D>a/(5yP^#Piu/ri^.cvj/f,they in-
Cassia, L.
aiaas. (Contraction of <sy«E«D«.) dulge not in laughter in the presence of
(p.)
^laQ'Sn-eCLD, s. A tree whose bark,
the father and mother of their husbands. *^.3=iFifli s. [priv. ^ et ^ifif!.'] An
*
^1 -3= ^ 3j LD , s. [priv. j)j et ff^puo.'] incorporeal being, a spirit, voice or word
leaves, roots and seeds are medicinal, ^ Absence of sound, ff^^iSaranin. (p.) spoken from tne skies, the speaker being

j)j IB mesT La —
j)j la iej ssr s. fused ad-
"^•s^^^i [prw.\s>l et ff^^.']
s. In-
capability, weaknessj impotence, usi^tmib.
invisible,

^3=(7^ —
.^xir^ojiricJ).

.j^s^iTj QQpesT, .sif^iriQ^ek,

verbially.) There, in that place, ^aiiSi_^
(;>)._ (?«uOTr, .^i^r, V. n. To become faint, care-
2. So, in that manner, ^d,eS^^iriu. (j),)

=gy 5: « saw /_/r, s. A

plant, Cleome,
*«^<3=^ffe' (Uii, s. [priv. ^ et less, drowsy, &c., for
^fiirgiQuiT^A, lic was fatigued.
.s/iuc:. (c.)

Z., C«iiJUti«ibr®. {M. Die.) *

uio.]

^a^^^-t
Untruth, falsity, Ou/ru.

s.\jpr'w. s>\ et
(c.)

That ^l-s^smir — .jij

3"
<ss) fo s. A small lam-

j)j.3:<3:ijb, s. A mountain sheep, u)?so which is vile, ^a^io (pii). 2. Unreality, e-afc
prey, river fish, g,ii£iir. (c.)

urS. (p.) _
.^3--ir.i s. [prop ^.Fjzj/.] Scurf, dan-
_

*^'3=QujiJD, s. Ivul. ^^laSiuw.] »,jya^^^(75, s. iprix). s{ et ^^^q^.] druff, scab, ^3w*itt!w®. (c.)
Disgust, dislike, ^(stucjuq. (j>.) A friend, Qsitar. {p.) *..?/ T'ffOL'j; s. [jniv. 4)j el s'eOiM motion.']
•^<F«©(iJLb, s. Ipriv. J)/ et fsQ *^a=^^e>jUi, s. [prir. ^ et <f^^ Fixedness, iiiiai"bility, ^<x:fiuiiiSi%ij. 2. A
uio.] Ala impossibility, ^umtmio. (c.) 2. <Want of power, su».9iiS»OT6roui.
-i^.] (p.)
mountain, u 'jij. i. The earth, yuS. (p.)
Sand with zinc, itrs^mii. *^3^ii^rrLJU LD, s. [priv. ^ et s^ii ^,F6i)«r-, s. The Supreme Being,
^j^^SttJsir, s. An incompetent firCiLiib.'] Inconvenience, gmuiSsirsniD. 2. Un- tile immovable, immutable, (lod as not
person. fitness, ffSuuLSsnio. (f.) afl'ected by emotions or passions, si—
• jy^^K/a^ii, s. [cu/.] Dis-respect, ''^a^/j^s^t^, s. [priv. ^ et .fih
^ (p)
Xlis-esteem, ^contempt, 2. False- /Boj.!*-.] Discontent, dissatisfaction, f^iSA^ * 3= syr l'i: , s. [^iv. ^ et s'fOe^w ]
hood, Qutij. 3. Irregularity, 9(aiii)S«r«oio lm:.iov';»' 'err«.s, ^.TT,aeS^3pis, (p.)\\
 *^3=dsi s. The earth, (p.) Si s. [priv. ^ et ©^jj.' ^3i-LDi_i, s. Mud, moist land, slip-
^I^e\), .s. [prop, ^iueo.'j Vicinity, Matter, si-ih. Sec 9^ei. (p.) pery ground, BiQfa<sSe^ib. 2. A well, ewj,.
^&^^iuQuiT(T^efr^ s. Matter, ma- 3. IJ.td ground, QurA^riPaiii. Q).")

^5^so, s. (Hill.) A very cxccllont terial substance. ^i-uQur^sr. *^<*j-/f,s. (sing. ,^*j6Br.) A class
tiling, a first rate tliins;, n-miiifi^. 2. Tlie *.j)/Qii^iULD, s. [priv. ,^.] A num- of evil demi-gods the foes of the Devas,
orifjiiiiil, (y^pLl«p. ((,-.) ber, a thousand quadrillions, g,Qiri^.
Wils. p. yr>. ASLHA.
2.
.j)j^FS)iMf s. A gnat, a very small Inconccivableness, E*«T>aiQ«i:_i_irai)io. ^p.) cgy<»j@(T5, s. The planet Venus,
mosciuito, Qsr^(g. (p.) * S ear La , The
skin of an animal
s.
Tsmaj, s. Name of a inuutra, >^it used as a seat, bed, &c. by religious devo- s. Afternoon, evening,
ariuESiT^:b, (c)
tees, Qfi^ffJir^^TTtb. Wils. p. 13. Ajixa. (/).)
^^^/, s. Scab, dandruff, scvirf, * ^j'iF n tssnTLd., s. [priv. ^.] Indiges-
^^ffisn&r., s. The
nineteenth lunar
qtsir«nif)£u*(?). (c.) 2. (p.) Miul, asterism, which is the natal
e^ojsrir,
Illirc, G^,!J. tion, ffiSiuirer^co. (c.)
A small insect, gti-sifm®. nakshatra of the demons, and therefore
3.
.^^ffemQu^, s. Diarrhcea from
^ Tj)! i r, ih
used in painting,
s. A dark
^iflJr<i'OTa"ni-
red
(/')
color, indigestion, indigested discharges.
considered very unlucky, (yj )
^/surwemih^ s. One of the eight
jij^rremexiau^., s. Flatulency from kinds of marriage.
*^T syr l'd, s. Food, Quits ear uj. 2. indigestion, dyspepsy.
.Sl^ffwi^S —
See uxmio.
^Sfsninik^ifi^s.
(p.")

The
• Boiled rice, S/^'.'y. AVils. p. 88. Assana. ^^/r,s. (Hin.) Readiness, prepar-
3. Qj.) The Ga;Hss>«, tree. Wils. p. 94. planet Venus, or its regent, being the
ation ^ufiiSii. (c.)
ASAKA. (iuru of the Asuras, as Brahaspata is
of the Suras, e^aSitdr.
.^.FesruLSrfliuiiiyS. Epicurism, glut- A«, I', n. To be disgusted with, .^ts'^a*'- *^3i-siJ^LLi<f.irLc,, s. A plant, as
tony. See under ui/saib.
2. To suspect, surmise, fiiQ^Six. (c.)
* r eiyfl n. The thun.derbolt a.s one ^l'3h(a^e!sS, A
j)l
,

of the twelve smirccs of pain or death,

s. kind of eruption, *cgy<s5-si/ti, s. A horse, (5^s»ff. (;?.}
chiefly about the cars, ^iaiaaaisruuiir. 2.
2. Weapon of ludra, suiQirifffui. Wils.
g)i)L.
A small insect bred in plants and feeding
^<s?(S»/<s(5^, s. A medicinal shrub,
p. 88. ASSANV. 3. A tree, ^iHtnii. (p.) as .^Qp-Srr, having the smell of a horse.
*^I.T-sir, s. [prii\ j)j prop, ^lufir.] — on them, g/fy,*S). ( c.)
.^1 iTr ixr> ir> , s. [prop. ^s!o.?(5OT«.] A ^9^e>j'Sis^(^!remi}>, s. The medi-
The unborn, an underived bcin;;; used for conjectural circumstance, rs^ti. (c.) cinal root of that plant.
Uralima, Vishnu, Siva and Kama, iSpuiSs^Si.
2. Father of Dasarada, jsm^im^ko'is. Wils.
[priv. Impurity, pol- .^s^e^jsi^tstn^uSeOu), s. An oint-
lution, *ffliiSMf«nifl. 2. (fig.) Disgust, Jf<SBi ment from the oil of this root.
p. 12. A.IA. 0')
(jL/ty. (c.)
^j.!r-(S^jSlcr>iT., s. A plant, Cioome, L. .Sj^SfS'T^^ffu), s. Horsemanship
Giiulirtjyawa. (/).)
.jijarSiuuL—., inf. To be defiled, as a science, .^^eiuAtLaif,
polluted, soiled, ^^^^uuu-. The
^fiT, Weakness, egy^ayis/r/JLt^!., s. swiftness of
s. faintness, ^ ^xSuu®^^, inf. To defile, pol- a horse, S^annJorCo/aii.
twii&Si. (p.")
lute.
distress from ^»eus:^rruja^, One of the seven
tude.
.si'",sifi.-s'iS)ipp<>'(!!^iii'>,

(In fffffiyi^, ^ppv^lfiiri^.^

lassi-
jijai'iosrsrLBir —^ ^ species sssr s. A which
s.
see, ffCrraaiiru^scir. (r.)
Vigor as opposed of bird wiiich is said to be cliarmcd by
^s^rreunemLD., s.
music, and while under the charm, to die.
^»euuift^ s. A shrub, ^eoif!. (p.)
to faintness, as ficri*9^iiranx.
*^5^/r«S)irss)^, s. [priv. et ^ird ^ One of the sixty-four aiij^ani. The
Sirss);?.] Unwatchfulness, inattentiveness, As the sound of a drum to ihe bird ^^tmiii. knowledge of the good or bad qualities
*^ a^^^i^iTLD, S. [priv. De- of a horse. 2. The act of trying the
*^^/r^tr!r sjrartL, s. [priv. ^ el frr^rra pendence, subjection, destitution, a^^^srufw animal.
common.'] Speciality, species, a special ^susuQtu^u), s. The sacrifice of
quality, Quirg)eS.iitniD. (^p.') *^srrSjflLo., s. [j)riv. Impurity, a horse, as practiced by former Hindu
*
^ fiTjul ifliuili,
nj^ii.] Want
s.
of eloquence,
[priv.^ et s^ir^iB
Qftp^piSOrmm.
pollution, unclcanness, defilement, ^^^si^Stw
onifl. 2. Uncliasteness, Qsu^mtHxii. (c.)
kings, ^Biusaib,

^s^eueOLisemiii, s. The qualities

See iFr^Hiuih. (p.) ^#«^uuz_, inf. To be defiled, and temper of a horse.
*^-7ir/h^iULr,.,s. [priv. ^ et er-n^^ polluted, soiled.
^»^^uu®^^,
*^3^e)j^, s. [vul., prop. ^.^.xeSesB.']
liiiA.]Impracticability, uniirofitablcnoss, @ inf. To defile, The first constellation, or lunar asterism,
lusuianm. 2. Incurahlcness, irreniediableness, pollute, soil. of the Hindus; which, besides indicating
(gazrujisirtrouj. 3. Uncertainty, doubt, suspi- both the horns in the ram's h ad, and
* jij3i-uLD., s. [priv. ^.'] Inauspici-
cion, iflJsu»Jujr«nifl. by two stars the base of the greater tri-
ousness, unpropitiousness, ^anbss^ji. (c.)
angle of the head, comprehends ,one in
*^'TirTLj[:, s. [priv. j>j et <y/rjii).] In- *c?yjF/jLb, s. A plant. Physalis, L., the left foot of Andromeda. It is depicted
sipidity, unsavoriness, ftriSaranm. 2. Un- in the form of a horse's head, Gft»®«».
profitableness, LjirCaJffiFajruSftjsuffanu),
.jtisnjuj, s. [t'uZ.] Suddenness, un- ^<*ipii, s. A dog, KiTiu. (p.)
*.j>jiFirQ&jifl., s. [priv. ^ et suQeutfl.] expectedness, *^(^<Fiij— s. [priv. ,^.] Un-
One of the thirty-two tunes of the Hindus,
jtjai-LtsirppLD., s. [pror.] Suspicion, clcanness in general, f/fiiSaranic. 2. Cere-
suio. 2. A hint, a conjectural circum- ^raonial unclcanness, (p.)
^^^tS. The soul as identified or stance, ertfsrts,
A
combined with the Deity, (n-u. 69 ) 2. s. [/jriv. barren wo-
.Si»u>rrppmjsnL-t—., inf. To give a
A sneer, contemptuous smile, ^nui^i^smcji^. hint commonly as one thief to another,
man, u>evif.. (p.)
3. A weapon in general, ^iv^suQur^. 4. A
or to make a noise .is a thief, to ascer-
(^ss) lu, s. Envy, Qu ir/T^emw.
sword, ci meter, o/rcv. 2. Calumny, Wils. p. 97. Asooya.
(p.) tain whether people are at home or
awake.
V. a. To ridicule, sa»«i«. 2. To destroy, ^Sris>nppCjuL-.,inf, Tobeheardas •^(p^^a^LD, s. [priv. All, the
jy«S*«. (p.) a noise, or seen as a sight exciting sus- whole, opflf^ii. Wils. p. 88. Assasha. (p.)
' ^^ti, s. pne of the twenty-eight picion of tliieves or of mischief at h.md. Co <?^63r ti, [priv. jy.]
s. Ir-
A'garaas, ^a/rsmuStju^Ojii^i^Oggur^. See ^<s-t£)TS3rS/fl, s. (Hin.) A tester, rationality, unconsciousness, ignorance, Jifi
canopy, CwfisiLi^. (c) tSsarmtD. Sce Qifj^artb, (p.)

ft
^isnJF, s. An. expletive, ^an,?^ c5y«5)5^, dQQn^eir, ^Q^&sr, uQu^, ^3'3--&i), Repetition,
s. I'urn, suc-
2. AcCfllt, gJat>*UL!i9a/. ,'5. ((,-.) The 011(1, gjaor A«, !'. a. To shake, move, stir, agitate, cession, /jjia. (c.)
JlLl/. 4. (/).) Aletrifiil syllalilf, QsiuiifiQrr,uuir ^lLi_. 2. To tie, bind, fasten with a tie,
curu O
TlicTc arc twu kinds of ^soif, bandage, &e.,
1 eu
® p /r,. It rains
fjQ,i^.ir-f. viz. 3. To warble in sing- shower after shower, or.e cloud following
QrB!j<sn/f^ \wn (here ing, lengthen the sound quaveringly, mo
\\ is a sin another.
dulate the voice, ^a>^G)uQia. 4. To trans-
};lc

1.
sylluble, {vrwis.
Wlion there is a vowel, as lonpr
act, perform, operate in nature and in all
sentient beings, as the deity the sole
^ j-<irs37-, s.

[prov.] of tlio
•
Father, master, ^,i«2n^,
Coorg country.
2. When the vowel is short, as iS.
spring and operator in all their movements
3. When the short vowel is joined witi
a mute, as Qo/ct.
and actions; to cause action, growth, &c
The D-^^irusesii shrul), Cynanchum, L.
4. Wlien tlie long vowel is joined with
throughout the universe, gicj**.
^/3=S, s. Achecn, a country,
a mute, as Ga/w. ^sro<y^^6i) ^emffuLjy v. noun.
(h.) Sennujsn^^ when there is a Shaking, moving, ^i^f^^^x. Tying, 2.
compound syllalilo, K^rcutg. binding, xcSli^s. 3. Si)eaking, O«4o^i ^i>l3--!^,vjr)t^9eQ,s. A tree, Cordia, L.
See i^jrteSsS,
1. When two short vowels are joined, 4. s. (fi(/. prov.) Arrogance, g)^/
*^/3=crr, s. Sanscrit vowels, ©//_
2. When a sliort and long vowel are *^\D<3^iraLh, Typo, mould, stamp, <tCi_i!-«
Qu!irifiiiuS!i. 2.
Q-rirsw.]
s. [priv. j)/, ct
joined, as aqt).
^cfaJ. 3. Axle of a carriage, also
Cheerfulness, freedom from sorrow and the cross
3. When two short vowels are joined
suffering, QsnaiS^anui. beam supporting a well shaft, .^.f^a^A^^.
2. The Ashoca tree
witlia mute, as in ifi,,^,
Qsojte^, Uvaria longifolia, L., an ever-
4. A
weaver's reed, Qs£jmriiFrxes'^Q..^rc^TT,
4. When a short and lonpf vowel are Soul, the
green. 3. One of the
five arrows of
r>. form taken by the^soul in any
joined with a mute, as ^t^mb. transmigration according to the actions of
Kama, MtSruj^or s'l^miSQ^eirtp, Wils. p. 88.
^sci^#^(f, s. A foot of one S3I AsiiocA. 4. The Plantain tree,
previous births, g. Mark, print, im-
lahle, as isuar and iccur. A tree, ioq^fini^tb.
pression, 7. An epoch, «j<Eii

^sn^ffQs^neo —
(Kalasankali'ta.)

expletive, ^snf/ne^fQffrM.
^eias'rS^js\>y s. An ^/C^/rsesT,
the Jainas, to
s.
whom
Argha, the god of
the Ashoca is sa-
^s-s=i^d.s; —^s^.x-uu^ds,inf. To
cred, ^jrac*. print.
(^.)
=2y(o.y/rQ, ^#<Fij!.(ug57,s. Printed cloth, chintz.
Qai-j-^^ inf. To chew the cud, to ru s. The Ashoca tree, ^
niinate. Qff!rsmib. 2. One of the arrows of Kama, ^s^3=iTessfly s. A linch-pin, Q^frQps;
^ea^iut^y One of members
s. tlie
^ (o 3" /r emr ill — ^(o^/rsirjnj^, $. A c5y<?*«<£ti)L9, s. An iron ramrod.
^sas^tuH^n^y s.in which A poem plant, fBifiQmi^fitib, Trichosanthes, L.
^<F«ff«ti)L/, s. A ramrod of wood.
the last syllabic of one verse and the ^^/Qs^srrs^tli,
first of the succeeding are the same.
s. [priv. Un- rS>j s' s^uu&ies) a, s. Tlie weaver's
cleanness, Wils. p. 89. Ashowciia. reed.
QQpGSTy kQ^i^y QeuBsr^
V. n. To move, stir, tremble,
uj, Sj ^ 3=3; il, s. A plant, ii'rQp^erf), ^^«uki^i^u3(ipd^, inf To pass
2. I'o Barleria, L. the thread through the loom.
waver, quiver, totter, not beinf-- able to sup-
port a weight— as a slender waisted woman ^•/PcFasmrLTi —
^4=3=/rj- ti,, s. (Tel.) ^s^^QSurremsfl, s. [itnpr. for
is poetically described to waver in
walking, Earnest money, money given in advance as omrtKft.] The central bolt of a car.
from the weight of her Ineasts, sijcurity for the completion of a bargain,
{p.) To lodge, sojourn, dwell in an appro- QfisoTueatjTii).
^s=s?&)d<zs).s:, .s. The axle or cross
priate place— as men in houses, towns, &e. beam of a well sweep.
beasts in the forest, fishes in water,
&c.,
.j)/3=3=^^, s. A plant, Sola- ^ffsfstnri, s. The body, as the case
*S5»«U«. 4. (r.) To walk or ride for recre- num, Z.
of the soul.
ation, he active, be engaged in the
formance of works, in distinction from the
per- l£F3=uj-U3,s. A grass, lEireasr/bi-^&J,
^dQs=(i£^^., s. Printed letter.s,
Saccharum, L.
quiescence of the Gnani, 5. To be
words in print. 2. Sanscrit vowels.
^s^n^LtitM, A grass, (Lp»^ui_ieo,
indolent, inactive, idle, Qrrd>u.
disturbed, discomposed, agitated,
6.
x^Ax.
To be
7.
Pommercullia, L.
s.
•^3=3r3;LD, s. [priv. et a^w.'] Per-
manency, fixedness, indestructiblencss, 0«
^
To be weary, exhausted, faint, ^a/w.
s. ^3=s=LD, s. The Agathy class of ffi^nJiOTOTii!. Wils. p. 12. A< iiyi;t.\.
To fluctuate, hesitate, be confused by a trees, Coronilla, L.
Fear, dread, 2. ^d^^iSSTy s. The imperishable d»i-
rebuke,
alnrin,apprehension of danger, uajii. ty, ^tf5iu/raiDu)i!/CT(?OT«r.
^<s^3=eiBa,v.noun. Motion, movii)(T,
3,]
2. Vishuu rfi^®
Timidity, diffidence- as one of the fourfem-
3. Argha, ^p^sOr. (p.")
.^an^a). 2. Conjectural circumstance— as inmc qualities, wsMlsrpfganr^^^QeJiriirj^, 4.
a rustling among leaves m.ay excite Thinness— as in a metal plate, .^'f^fiidn-Qp^eBriTeijiQ^rTair.iS. The
con- 5.
jecture of a -snake being there, s<f'i. A plate of metal, /laSi. (p.) «. [vul.j
eighth incarnation of Vishnu, usuu/iciji*.
^anfujfrrSleo, s. fixed state, A im-
Pureness, clearness, ffQiuruLi as ^aiari ^^s^si/FKsCsraStr^sCiK-. () Govinda of
movablenoss, steadfastness. **;j*Bj>sCuir£j>(5*S(jjdr. He is the pure like- imperishable bliss.
ness of his father.
^sa^iLirrweasfiyS. A bell seldom ^rsh^th, s. A mixture of white
rung; attached to the royal palace to s=e (^jS u Lf, s. The ii.so of rice, kusha turmeric, and powdered
gras.s,
in-
form the sovereign of any calamity words which express by tlieir sound, sandal wood, put on the foreheads at wed-
or
other extraordinary event, ^rj«i#«id»rf). the emotions of fear, surprise, &c., uuo dings, and while muntras are repeated,
.s/

^<5S)fujn<smtx,, neg. v. noun. Y'lrm-

ness, fixedness, inimov.alileiiess. ^.y<9?^«^, inf. To alarm, intimi- ^3=3hj-LDj s. A
plant, the same as
^tms^eum^, inf. To hover, move or
date, frighten. G/!r(y,gS)w, Tribulus, L. 2. tree, axsA A
stir— as wind on the surface
of water.
.J>l.3^3=.ju<ksin{!;, s. A threat, uuuQp^j BBS, Hyperanthera Moringa, L.
V. noun. Shaking, movinir, .igm>s. 2. Caution, care, f^^ifuL/. *.j>l3:3^&jiij^LD, s. A species of Ban-
motion, kind of swinging
2. A *^3=<3=iu<oiT, .1. [priv. ^
dei^iu, de- ct
yan, the holy fig
giosa, L.
tree, c^cjm/ni, Ficus reli-
shelf, .3. Motion, passion, emo- struction.'} The Supreme Hoing, the im- (/).)
tion as applicable to the perishable being, *^3--3f'SuiM.,s. Horse, ©Psro/T.
qualities of the See
mmd, ui^Qa,.:ftg}. 4. Stir, bustle, agita- SlIAVA. Sl'tuib. Wils. p. 90. ^SIIVA. (/>.)
tion, o. ^Veariness, failure, faint- ^3=3^0- chyS. The thrush,
ing, C«:_.
' /EffciJ]^ Qy ^<f9Wfn^^^rri}>, s. The art or sci-
ence relating to horses.

'J
 ^^sKSijQpsir^mw, s. One of the ^{i^sesr^^uujiii, s. Three species .S^i^^eo, v.'noun. Fearing, dread-
liiiiiilreil iind l iijlit imsitions of the Yo'/i. of magical ointments, viz., ^^,-©#^7^), ing, uiuijiji_w. Also the optative, s^^jb
in whicli lio sits ciuss-lcsisod. v'^ici'S liis lliat wliich assi.^ts in discovering whe- Q3w.jhrQppff. 2. Defeat, Q^rijeS.
ilbows on knees and rests liisdieeks
liis ther a i)erson is possessed or not; Cwrg ^(^fnuuiLi—iuw, s. [yjror.] A
on tlie palm of his hands, mMini^^g, gi .Tvm-ai, that which assists in discovering
certificate from the king, formerly in-
stolen property; and ujjsiOTig^anii^ that scribed on metal, clearing a man from
which assists in discovering treasure the charge of guilt and re-establi.shing
The first lunar man- buried under ground. his rights as a citizen; a writ of autho-
5y T^oTT-aQsafl, s.
sion, (p.) See <iy*<"^. Wils.p. yl. Asii ^{iri^^emurreij^nemw, s. One of the rity, a security against oppression or
\ IX HE. thirty-two kinds of nati/ ^ arsenic. ill-treatment. 3. A
passport or writ of

jllJ:»eSetsfl(S^e>jiT — j)/^ ^sSesfKo/saj ^(^s^eurQwQ^^, inf. 'f'o paint the

protection in passing through a coun-
try, fi^^aiuif^uirs^epru^ptftb^
<ir>^s<i<r, s. 'J'ho two i)liysici:ins of tlie
eyes.
neg. v. noun. Fear-
nods, lii^fsgiBii, as born from tlic nostrils
of a horse.
^((^^fesrsueBBrGMetsriS. Yishnu, the lessnes.s, acvssrswa.
^
^ j-'^o FT, inter. An exclamation of'
blue colored, PcjuMrm.
^@<9^(CB)Si;^, s. The female of the
@ a- <3s ti , s. A parrot in general, ©6sfl.
wonder, ^^tr^^Q^rai. 2. Expression of *^^ai-is>irek, s. One of the twelve
pity or grief, g)Ttf»*0*ir<ij. (p.) elephant supporting the north-east, or suns, uarra^Foh® (giffuj(flG)cvrcja/tjr. 2. One of
^^,T, The ignorant, ^f8<sSieo the eighth angle, of the world, aii-Syifs^ the twenty-eight iV'gamas or sacred books
s.

nn. 2. AtHiction, distress, grief, iu-iru^i. (j>.) of the Saivites, Pajrst^jt^cru/^O^Li-i^-Osvffas^.

^(^s^e>rfl, s. A small flower-tree, 3. Grandson of sai.^, gsi!iirQuet0^.iiiT.
^!7(g/f, s. Extreme sorrow.
A grass, nrrcswp '^si-susjr^£S,T/r,s. Atribe of weav-
^ij lo^eOLb — s. A gnat, mos-
ariuir, Meinecylon, L.
Saccharum, L.
2.
ers, chiefly Mussulmans, QiFiiairifKi^iSu^ii.
quito, Q«/r«®.
* <5r)Ti}i^ s.
(;).)

A bird resembling a
*
^ (OT^

])liant
5^ &r, s. Female of
supporting the north, or seventh
the ele- *^g5(E5^^«5WLb,
norance, destitution
s. [priv.
of spiritual know-
Ig-

swan, ^.irc-rih. Qi.) See ^lA^ii.

ledge, ^jftsriiii^anio. Wils.p. 13. Angnatva.
angle of the world, Bji^fiiimfiuirZii!ri<suC>u^
^^rurr^ih, s. The Ibotslep of a lur'i^. Mother of Ilanuman, tSygi'""'*'®'",
2. *^j^(^s3r, s. [jyriv. An igno-
swan; the mark + resembling it, gj* also called ^©^oCaaS. Wils. p. 14. Ax- rant person, stfi^'-'"'^-

*^lfi)<peQ, s. Worship or respect

.JANA.

^ <^ S i m 3;^ s. [impr. for ^^s?

* ^ i^t^irssr
rance,
IM., S. [priv. ^.']
worldly illu-
spiritual ignorance,
Igno-

by closing the hands, and, coninionly, Fearing. sion, belief in external appearances, desti-
earryiiig tlieni towards or over the liead, tution of tlie knowledge of the true God.
dijSlfliiS), s. Existence, s-emt—n
(s.ou'Ci. Wils. p. 14. An.jali. This is the state of the soul from the be-
Agreement, union, Quna^mgims.
^Mimosa,
TTijreSl^s.
L.
A shrub, la/^i—^eobrif-.
2. A bat, Omtroirej. 3. A
3. Worship,
2.
enimaaii,
ginning, and its condition till its irwii is
removed. When the fruits of its former
tree, w^iSmmsas. 4. A shnib, *H«ii'®uJ, j^(^9lssQpsLD, s. One of the four- actions are worked out, in surterings and
5. A ereeper. See ^'i^^ctrf^uuriar, teen expressions of the countenance; the enjoyments, the soul begins to be enlight-
ened by the grace of the Deity, its ,s»ss'
^ sQ otniE, s. A bat, Qsiieireufrd\). reclining of the head on the shoulders
from pain or lassitude— as one bitten then ceases, and ^itsrii commences, in-
(/') by a serpent, fileylMiui^dsS^freHiSioi^i eSof creases and ripens for its union with the
^.(?y) !Fffi), s. Post, express sent by cms. See Qp^^^ 1^^. Deity. Wils. p. 13. Akoxana.
authority, ^u'io- 2. M.ail-stiige, resting
,^(CT;dF, s. Five. See ^H^. ^^(^nesflt s. An ignorant per-
pla(;c on a journey, /saAaen. (e.)

anear^ s. A ])ost man, ^^ IT li

caste, Pariahs, &c.

eu (T^ em u>, s. The fifth
son, a heathen.
*^(OT)'<Kn(g5, s. An ignorant person,
messenger, courier, /lurps^reir,
^fSeSijcjrasr. Ignorance of Spiritual things
2.
^i^ffiTeSlu9emL—UJiT, [prop, .^(tj s.
xiF){Fp(a^'oir-3--Sl^ s. The samt; as or the beclouding of tbe understanding as
(gii^iouiratrumi). One of tlic tliirty-two kinds
jrj A lril)e of cowherds ;
the result of former actions or worldly at-
whose women wear, in their marriage tachments, nfii-iii. (p.)
of prepared arsenic.
* ^ 3= <SST in, H. Blackness, dark-
neck jewel, five ornaments, or ^s^FctvS.
^(i^sFanuOuLi.L^, .1. [prop.
^L-Q, s. {p.) Greens, vegetables,
ness, black coloring, sjauq. 2. colly- A anpuQuLLif..'] A
box that has five com-
u*SJej. 2. Leaves used as food, g)&u«ai;>J.

rium or black paint tor the eyelids, ««w 3. (c.) Pledge, pawn, QaiTg:anaj. (jsi. 227.)
partments, one in the middle and four
«f-34ffl'3anio. .3. A ))laek coloring or magic
surrounding, made of palmyra leaves or
,^/_<ScS(i), s. Restraint, repression,
ointment put on tlie hand, &c. to assist compression, ^i_b®£»>s. 2. Subordination,
other materials for containing flowers,
in discovering lost, stolen, or concealed submission, Sifuui^e^. 3. Kestraiwng the
spices, &c.
property a species
; of magic, QtnuCiQuwcjir senses, self-control, forbearance, SurfiQajr
QP,~,c^±imC.<iia!>ii>. 4. One of the eight ele-
phants which support the world, being
^ (Gj
orf.)
« (3 a/
An
eroW,
iron bolt passing through the
s. ("as ^ffm-Q^euir
®asJi. 4. Contiiiency, command over the
appetites, temperance, modesty, dfastity,
that of aicsmar, regent of the west point, live tiers of a car. good behaviour, @#.T!>^iivi_«aii). 5. Conceal-
Qu:fi,^xn/riuii'^. AVils. p. 14. AnJANA. H.
ment, sepulture, interment of a dead body,
Meiicine for the eye when a person is iuir*tsii>. Even a young girl will be able 6. l{etiredness,reserveduess
bitten by a venomous snake, and also for to make a curry, when she has the tbl- silence, taciturnity, Q^jcitiriD. 7. Contents
imc who has fits. ««s*«ii. 6. A black lowing three and five things, .-iz., q<fi,
of a box, &c., that which is comprehend-
stone, marble, »?j,<»o/Bacv. (;).) souring; iS^cg, pepper; i-uli, salt; ^©35, ed, ^i-eSiu^. 8. Contents of a book, &c.,
j)l^g:eBrdseild.xiii, s. magic A mustard; and 9rsia, cnmin — which arc (jpitome, abstract, summary, import, sub-
ointment rubbed on the eyes or palms of the five; and the three are ifi, water; stance, QuirifiuL/. 9. Shrinking, compress-

the band of one who wishes to discover Qi^cTULi, fire; and «ff,3®, fire-wood said — ing, —
as a tortoise its members ; re-
any thing lost. '. by ar. angyy husband to his wife wlien duction, condensation, compression, &c.
llie curi-y is not good. of the powers of the mind, syncojie from
j)j(^f<ssr/ks,i30,s. Sul])lniret of an-
y^E4i!r«<^(g«ii .^^.s.*'??'®!^. 'The ^ve snake bite, &c., 10. [proi'.] Pire-
timony, a combustible used in fire-
elements will laugh within them?elves. works in layers, producing successive dis-
works, giving a blue llame. Sec £i£ti^.
charges, uni^ih. ] 1. Treasure kept in con-
( M. Die.)
cealment, or laid by unobserved by others,
^^^^eardsmr^, s. A soothsayer,
^55*, V. a. \jiscd with the datire, .^.-j' L/«!VsOuifcJ". 1 2. Erudition, profound kno ,v
conjurer, sort.'rer. ledge connected with paucity of words
|

times with the ac ;•-«/ '.r. ' To fear, dr^cii,

^'(^s^esrdQsrreo, s. A paint brush j
and gravity of manners, iSis^ai; ex ^i-ic-
or [Jencil to blacken tlie eyelids. or ^^iiO.

10
 ^t—ssQujQ^LDu^ inf. To revive .jij i—'S'Ci s. A kind of fisti, ^irtBasr.

bite of An honorific appellation among fishermen, \prov.\ 2. Power, strength, «usJ). 3. War,
as the stin>or caused
f'ri)i)i by the
conflict, Victory, success, G)«»*,»9.
(Suiri. 4.
a snake, a fit, &c.
5. Murder, Qair'ko. (i. (as a c. noun from
^L-sstiu&krem, inf. To bury, *^t_ui, s. Obstinacy, pert'uiacity,
the root J/®.) Cooking, ^ss>fl.4w>«. 7. The
inter, entomb. violence, LSi^wir/sib. Wils. p. 907. Hatha. optative mo^d of the verb eSiusQscem
2. 'Disgrace, contempt, ir^ib. .3. Inter-
^t_«(g, s. Restraint, &-c., as jij
course, wandering, f^^mni. (c.)
Cfifigl. (p.)
.Siji—eorriT, s. Foes, enemies,
j)ii—(iFiffiT^s.Si i'"f To withstand,
2. Warriors, soldiers, Gu«<i'iri. (p.)
oppose each other.
Cwssr, ^i-*", V. a. To
suhject. control,
=3y s. Forest, jungle, a hilly lb-
curb, bring to order as toes, &c., com- — ^L-ihuemesBr., inf. To do evil, in-
— jure.
rest, ail's. 2. A
grove, C*rtw. 3. iji'l )
press, coerce, restrain, tame, break as a (L«g. 71.)
Collection, assemblage, e^LLi-ii. (p.) See
horse— constrain, repress, cause to recede, jfji^euiT^^ s. An obstinate or re- ffi^^nt^^, ai—at—^ and u^^i—sS.
bring one to terms, to still, compose, Sijiu
uSi4^. 2. To reduce, lessen, condense, ab-
vengeful person. ^i^eSsss^Qs^iT&iLL., s. A kind ol

breviate, asm;!)**. 3. To deposit, conceal,

.jij i—Lhufrinh, H. The whole at once, drug. See s^Q^naiib,
stow away, cover, inter, infold, i^m^sx. 4. altogether, in the mass, Q^ofgin. {p.) ^ L— eS <9^ Q fir&), s. Bezoar, Ca/r
To contain, hold, Qxratr. 5. To encroach =»yL.LDL/, s. A running flower plant,
upon, seize unjustly, xair. 6. To engross, including two species, viz., ^L-Siisnnoi^ibLi, ^i—fT, s. {prop, eri—n or <sji—n.] A
monopohze, stoaaj^tcjO^FujiL;. 7. To embody, and ^HQlalli^,
miTiirc^siTihui—iDLf^ term of only,
incorporate, ^itlLi-.
l^ji—LDUikiQanLSf. —^i^uuiaQsirujLy calling, used
2. An e.vclamation
Sifint'jsircScfii^^Q/nKi^.
to inferiors

^L-sQi s. A taciturn person, one s. The above creeper. indicative of anger, contempt, reproof,
who conceals Ids real circumstances, ^u^inuis3QaiTi^ii^e^a-&mi—tisvL^(bl&(^. Even surprise, &c., ^i^itnuiS^eS.
ability, &c. the dfi-ioL/ creeper when several are com- amru-ir. Why, what, sirrah.
bined will be strong, i. e. very weak per-
sons, when several are joined together,
^ i-^iT 3^ losfl s. The L^eiflujrres)iT plant,
Ctitir, <jyi_Kj«, V. n. To obey, yield, become Oxalis, L.
subject to, be subdued, Si^uui^^j. 2. To
may be strong. ^i—iTa^, s. [viiL] Putrified matter,
shrink, become compressed, be reduced in ^ l— UJ UW Lj^ ^ L- UU WL^, S. Its
any substance spoiled or damaged, an old,
size or vigor, be crammed into, condensed, tlower. abject, mean, contemptible thing, miift*
3. To recede, be repressed, sup-
igenpij.
^u-/r,$. Closeness, crowdedness, Qtf^figi.
pressed, restrained, ggiiis. 4. To settle,
subside, be laid —
as dust, ^anmiu. 5. To be
Q/F^of. 2. Pressing, oppressing, urging, =gyi_/r3f-, ©(Jnjssr, j>/ rr @ Q ear ear
embodied, incorporated, ^rir. 6. To be
6>r(y*(gOT«. 3. A
thin and flat plate of Qai<A, si'-'f, V. n. Iprov.} To recede, give
reduced low— as the system when near
metal, &c., fis(Si. (p.) place to, «!ws. V. a. To stuff in, cram,

death, &c., g®Ki«. - ^ i—nuf-u !T isf., s. Close onset,

^ i—fr(em), One of the forty-two
whole, desperate fighting, hard scuffle— some s.
All, the
falling and others treading on them, new Tamil tunes, ^finsib.
&c. confusion as from trees beaten
Liruii-EasaxQfipsimr. The arrow which
;
^i—.T^^iutM, s. [prov.'i Impropri-
down in a storm, Qppg>iDiPixia.
destroyed the whole of
(In «/r»^i£>.)
the three cities.
^i—ir — QQpeer^ ^i—nii
ety, injustice, .^i-t0s>-
^i—fr^^,s. [prov. impr. for j)ju.iT
^L^iE!S&)iT—j)ii—iEjsrr^irir, s. Foes, Qgar, Qaieir, closc together,
^i-r, V. n. To bc
insubordinate persons, uansaji. (p.)
thick, crowded — asmen, &c.,
trees, stones,
propriety,
Insult, indignity, provocation, im-
gair/sgi.
QiBQsiia. 2. To fight with, Qurr. 3. To
^i_mis<^Qp<ss)p-,s. A book whicji follow in close succession, QmseiS^Qifiiri-i. .-gyz_^ray/F^, s. Impropriety,
treats of the ceremonies of the Saiva luib. 2- Grievance, gidsruih. 3. False re-
sect, Qfituiririi.
^i—ffiTiT, s. Foes, uemiseuiT. (p.) proach, SiC(Si-ppib. (c.)

jiji—iTj^Si V. noun. [_impr. ^l-it^^.] ^L^.,s. Source, origin, bottom, foun-

A rebellious province, Sjpijmj-iurisrr gjcr* Closeness of trees, the hair, the threads dation, beginning, basis, 2. Lower
in linen, the lines in a book, &c., 0/5<7f4«rm. part of a tree, mountain, page, &c., aircpj^
^i_iEJsiTLOfT'fl., s. An axidacious, j)ji—rr^^ u ueom£s, 4. [jprov.] A eSlujaipiiicnn^. 3. Lineage, ancestry, stock or
family, descent, miS^aiifi. 4. Koot or pri-
contumacious, insubordinate woman, cp thick plank.
ffatTL- IT enrol err,

Insub-
^i—iTihQ^ppui —
j)jL^aisQ^jb/S., s.
mitive of a word, the radical, op^afilej. ^5.
A line in poetry, Gffuji/.-fiC®(5i>L/4. (See
^i—iEistremin^ neg. V. noun. [/J7-0U.] Great vigor, oppression, force, tL-jyuLf). 6. A man's foot, 7. A mea-
ordinateness, rudeness, haughtiness, un- violence, Qsrfflaum. sure, twelve inclies tjie length of a person's
trletablencss, Stfiuui^iuienm,
Urine,
^L-iTLj —^i—ffo/, V. noun. Thick- foot, also of a pace, step, giUaimaiijaa;.
The print of a foot-step, foot-print, ves-
8.

^t^iassiTSjarfi^l, s. Qp^^ ness, closeness, Os-cjisio. 2. Tliiuness,

tige, siTpxe:(b>. 9. The sole of a sandil,
r<b. 2. Sea salt, sl-^iul/. flatness, being the qualities of a plate of
shoe, &c., i£piaM^tSaiif.. neigh-
10. Vicinity,
iSirrTemesri—iiiiS, inf. To faint, be metal, s"""- 3- Thin
plate of metal. Sec,
borhood, nearness, proximity, fufuii. II.
^if^/iaiS). 4. Close succession, Q»okB,«
in a trance as dead. Underside, lower jiart, ffrf. (u®. a-*-.)
Qf^irt—^ena.
c^L_i_r, inter. Exclamation of sur- N<><<'. There are five kinds of as a
^L-iTuuili, s. [prov.] Thickness, metrical line. 1. mpai^. 2. 3.
prise or vexation, ^gi^iui<sfiui-t. closeness, Qr^criaio. ^cira/i^, or Qsrt$., 4. Ovi^sui^. 5. SffiQisif.e\Jt9-
wliich see.
how sweetly he sings.
«^/L-^TSTru3, s. A mode of beating V. a. To
press, oppress, urge, 0»cy«« 2. ^ of-Qisrr&rerr, inf. begin, ori- To
To attack, make an onset, Qurr. ginate, be founded, Q^iru-os.
time, one of the seven jjrcrii.
^i—iTULj, V. noun. Attack, onset, ^L^Qs/rei>, inf. To lay a founda-
jtji^/s^Qi s. Premium for ready battle, Surr. 2. Crowding, Oi!(y«(gan«. tion f<u' any building, .sy^.^,S)^K^l^^iGurl_
money, <^r&. (e.) 3. Urgency, oppression practised or suf- 2. To take niwi.sures, undertake, make
^i—iiijursiTUi, [prop, ^t-^rrtsrrw.']
s. fered, Qisc}iS>eni—, preparations. ^ajpRQ^^nu.
A mode of beating time in music. ^ L-SoO, s. Ashes, s^irwueo. 2. ^Uf-sau)^^ adv. Frequently, often
^L^LJULc,s.[j)rop. ^eai—ueinu.'] A Battle field, Quniismji. (p.) repeatedly, reiterate'l|
betel pouch, Qipfitc^tuanu.
bag, «(Tf C^L/OOU.
2. A barber's ^i_^(7/3z_'86w,
words.
s. [/>rot>.] Vain ^ uf.s uf., g. Suburbs; ex (^c^,
village.
 — — —

^u^S(j^Lf.60, s The suburb of a ^t^uurrQ, s. Path, way, beaten ^tsf.uj(3nQuee>L^,s. Prolonging the
town. •>. A villiijjc of the VccUa pcoplu. path, uien/s, 2. Usage, custom, u^ssm. sounds of long vowels at the beginning
^u^s(g(arQeir. Witltiii a moment, ^i^uurnu, inf. To leap as a child oj' every line, Q^tsoi^iSspugQgrs!^.
in tlic same moment, before the next
step is taken.
over a mark, play at leap-frog,
^ is/.uj^ sQ, s. A flat piece of
^isf.3:3=n&), s. Tilt iirst furrow in
^uf-u uiTffiji, s. Ballast, the first wood by which the potter marks his
layer of goods in a vessel. work and cuts it from the wheel below,
plougliing.

^if.<F^tjq, s. TIic first formed

j)/isf.uuiTiTds, inf. To deliberate,
think how to act Qmi^xs. 2. To mea- j)jisf-iu^^, s. Time immemorial,
and best plantains of tlie buneh.
sure time by the shadow, iSjpefaisj Qt-" antiquity, Q^iirg,Q^rCQ.aaaia,ib.
^i^^»eii®,s. Footsteps', <s/ri)« a/®.
^t^L-FQ®, s. Heat felt in the sole
^isf^iunn, s. [sing. ^I'^iunasr —
^isf.uS'iasT^s. Sand niixt with lead, luriV.] Slaves, servants as applied to
of tlie foot wlien walkinj;. devotees in reference to their deity, and
^i^s=Q<9=ifl,s. Suburbs. See Q^iR. usecCby persons of themselves in a(f-
j)lip.uQu/ri—, inf. To begin, un-
d resting superiors, to show respect, obe-
^u^^'2&}, s. Order, regularity, emr dertake, make the first effort, efi'ect an dience' or submission, Q^teai-r.
2. Upside dow.n, SjtQmi^. 3. Ue- object, Q5fi_E«.
•thining and end, ^gpiuRjia.
^is.uSi—, inf. To set on foot,
^L!^iDi—<s(^, s. [in prosody ']
Re-
^ L^^'^eo^Qwrrjipiii, s- Confusion, petition of a word or words with difier-
commence an
&c., Q^ri_es.
undertajcing, a law suit.
2. To make a tieginning
derangement, ent meanings in the beginning of a line,
(^prf''fi^'^'pp<^-
in braiding —
as the bottom of a basket,
J)/ l^^^lL® 1 s. The lowermost or the repetition of a line in a verse the first end of a mat, &a, utiiof^eSiuaBm
deck of a ship. with ditterent meanings, S)f^ris)3.S
Qsurcrr^j, as, cgj*i5:«fisri asjajppwBL^Oii.
^t^p^eow, s. Principal ])liicc,
Qp ^/Uf-'j^ffui, s. [prov.'i Ancestral pro-
ficSt^'j:. 2. Lower part, SJli-ii. 3. Foun- perty, original stock. 2. Crop of a past
dation of a wall, ^Ag\aimb. ^i^wi^, s. A secret place in the
year reserved for the sustenance of the
Waistcloth, a-trui^..
^L^^^QpiiiLj^s. The print of a foot- following. 3. Afanure put on the soil

step, vestige, arpaaQ. 2. The mark of ^L^wseoi—, s. The commencement round a tree, &c., tre. 4. Strength from
a stripe, points of a rod, ^i^uL-i-^QfiiLi. of a water channel, food, power of wealth, &c ; ex csii,
strength.
jtji^^jseirih, s. A ground-floor, ^srr ^i^mesBT, s. The earth adhering
wfiin^QurC^ dlaitb. 2. Lower part or to one's feet, taken for enchantment.* ^La-Ouj(9^^es)eus<x, inf. To be-
foundation of a well, ^u).uuii. ,3. J^ower against him or for witchcraft, gin to walk as children.
St ratum or la3 ing of a i)ile, ^ijLa/^an*. 4. 7 c\r Q sy c-lL 19. in awr,
^isf.Quj£^eais fin&ni^, s. One
The rear of an army, iSJseaadl.
^1 i^inujs s. Transposing the of the forty-three kinds of rhymes in
^1 1^15 IT, s. The root or lower part lines of a verse M-ithout destroying t)ie which the second letters of each line are
of the tongue, BraJsni*..
^ sense, ^i».airi)_5i»«. 2. verse so formed, A of the same class, g)Qr^»D«4Qs»iz>i-^
^rur, as, ^EjssdtriafiliUu:Te3tsrairiUUUiS-Qt—iiB:u
^i^ussSuu, inf. To fall at one's feet, ^is^Qiussr, s. I your slave, your
reverence, submit, obey, humble servant
^isf.L3uf./Ea, inf. To get a clue to ^ia-Qujn®Qsi—, inf. To be de-
One of the four kinds of the
a thing, (tpc\i/is!>^uup!s. 2. To i)nrsue,
lines of which are interchangeable at stroyed utterly, extirpated.
iSJ!Qc>-r. -i. To discover one's footstep,
pleasure, the meaning remaining the ^L^QiuniLuf., s. triangular in- A
same, ^ii^siurSiii^iuur.
^ isf-Q u uu a , inf. take To start,
^L^LD/6lLDrrp^LjQ un(T^&rQ s iT<3ir,
strument with spikes, which, however
placed, has one spike upward to pierce
a step, move from the spot where one
s. Construction in which the lines of a the feet of men or cattle; used in war,
stands, Qut.
stanza are interchangeable, the harmo- &c., a caltrop.
^uf-uui—, inf. To be in subjec- ny and meaning renianiing the same, or
tion, SjilULlL-.
^t^euuS^, s. The lower part of
the harmony only slightly affected. See
the belly, the abdomen. StfoitSji.
^iuf.uu®^^yinf. To .subdue, sub- QuJ(jeTQBr£r^ as, s!snruf(fiwthlSt£fiuuaissiriLjtas
ject a country, a foe, bring into pos- ^i^euueoirnf/, s. . Source, princi-
session, Sjiuui)fif. cause, strasii.
]>lc, 2. Beginning, origin,

The chief division of ^i^Qps'^tssr, s. [cu/.] bottom of a thing, Cfin—sxti. 3. An-

j)ji^uu<sa)L-.,s. Beginning of ancestry, ^iSihwrs^r^.
cient lines
an army. 2. The first layer in awell, &c. as of a story, &c.
«u riu » c«40.s^;S«<. Understanding
^uf-uuLLL^airk^, s. One of the ^isf-Qpuf.., .1. Order, regularity, eu/r from the first.
thirty-two kinds of prepared arsenic. cur.gi. 2. From beginning to end, .g^iis
^i^s)j(r^i—, inf. To chafe, stroke,
^uf-uuLLi—^iri^, s. Great meek- /Fii. 3. Upside down, Sicffma). 4. Uead
or shampoo the legs of another.
ness.
and foot, s^gitrfiloju^ii.

One of the ^t^eufrjTii), s. The foot of a hill,

^i^uuLLt—3^iTsirQ(Trf-iT, s. Ancient .S)iuf-Qfi!resisQi-JTes}L-,s.
sages. forty-three kinds of rhyme in which the
first word of a line has a meaning op- ^i^euiresTLD, s. Horizon, ^«/r/j_^t2).
^ L^u u^p., inf. To tremble as posite to that of the next,
atar^Ex.
the feet, 2. (fig.) [/)rof.] To aiOfiuFOT-jr, as, @G5"^L(j-ff;5car«rtor/riO(j£:6fiSr,
fail in business, lose a situation, wife i^cve^^cJ.5.5S3r6rrQ&cxr.£tiKTOfi\;r(j0aD^, where inf. [_prov.] To be cracked as the bot-
or property. .3. To be perplexed in con- darkness and moonlight are opposite. tom of a chatty, &c. by use, ^i».tys!Bi_i,.
sequence of failure, &c.
^/'p-uu/s^, Head of the table
^ isf-QiDn^ssr^Q^rresiL-., s. One of ^i^eiae^ds, inf. To step, set a
.•).
the forty-three kinds of rhyme in which step. «£ui?-oo«i«a. 2. To begin to walk
or row of guests. cacli line begins with the same letter, §>/ as a child, si-xs^Q^ii^es. 3. To in-

^is.uu6\)th,s. The first benefit or ad- trude one's self into an affair, ^2sutSi_

j!/i^uji^ujiTs,adc.lproi\'] In succes-
4.To Begin a work, .^iohSbx.
vantage received by a person, Qp.-^^usiroj-.
^tsf-uupp, inf. To be scorched sion, as the descent of title, &c.,^i-j(pa>_f) w'bs^uji^uuiLuf., s. A village at
the foot of a hill.
as rice by heiv with want of water, &c.,
^vH'iiupp. 2. To stick to the bottom of ^i^iuii^rr^, s. A repetition in ^ppu)., s. A small or delicate
a vessel when boiling, ^.i.^Os^ru^, verse. See ^if!-^. \
foot.

]2