Metal forming is a crucial industrial process that involves shaping metal into desired forms through

various mechanical and thermal techniques. This manufacturing method is employed across a wide
range of industries, including automotive, aerospace, construction, and electronics. Metal forming
techniques are diverse and can be broadly categorized into two main types: plastic deformation and
bulk deformation.

Plastic deformation encompasses processes such as rolling, forging, extrusion, and drawing. In
rolling, metal sheets or strips are passed through pairs of rotating rolls to reduce thickness and alter
the material's cross-sectional profile. Forging involves the application of compressive force to shape
metal using dies and punches, creating strong and durable components. Extrusion is a process where
metal is forced through a die to produce long, continuous shapes with a consistent cross-section.
Drawing, on the other hand, involves pulling metal through a die to reduce its diameter and increase
its length, commonly used for producing wires.