‫ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ‬

‫ﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ‬
‫ﺵ‬ ‫ﺎﺩﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻥ ﻭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣ‬
‫ﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ‬
‫ﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﺑ‬
‫ﺷﺖ ﺩﺭﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺭﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ‬
‫ﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻮﺩ ﺗﻐﺬﻳ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺑﻬﺒ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﻪ‬
‫‪ :‬ﺭﺣﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺷﺮ‪:‬‬
‫ﻗﻄﻊ‬
‫‪ 5‬ﻧﺴﺨﻪ‬
‫ژ‪000 :‬‬
‫ﻥ ‪1392‬‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺮﺍ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎ‬
‫‪978-6‬‬ ‫پ‪ :‬ﺩﻭﻡ‬
‫‪00-67‬‬ ‫ﻮﺑﺖ ﭼﺎ‬
‫‪82-27‬‬ ‫ﻧ‬
‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮﺍﻥ[ ؛‬ ‫ﻚ‪-0 :‬‬
‫ﺷﺎﺑ‬
‫ﻴﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﻨﺪﻩ‪] ...‬ﻭ ﻢ‪ :‬ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﻪ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‪ /‬ﻗ‬ ‫ﺿ‬
‫ﺐ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎ ﻣﺮ ﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬
‫ﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺑﻬ‬ ‫ﺮﺗﻴ‬
‫ﺮﺩﻩ‪ /‬ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺗ ﺖ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷ‬
‫ﻜﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧ‬ ‫ﺷﻴ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻮﺯﺵ ﭘﺰﺷ‬
‫ﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺁﻣ‬ ‫ﻊ‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻯ ﺟﺎﻣ ﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﺩ‬
‫ﺴﺎ ﺗﺮﺍﺑﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫ﮕ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ )ﺭﻧ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻯ[ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ‬
‫ﺮﺍ‬
‫ﺴﺘﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻳ‬
‫ﺮﺣﻨﺎﺯ ﺗﺮﻛ‬
‫ﻝ )ﺭﻧﮕﻰ(‪،‬‬
‫ﮕﻰ(‪ ،‬ﺟﺪﻭ‬ ‫‪.1‬‬ ‫]ﺑ ﮔﺎﺭ‪391 ،‬‬
‫ﭘﻮﺭﺁﺭﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓ‬ ‫‪978-60‬‬ ‫)ﺭﻧ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﻣ‬
‫ﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻣﺪ‬
‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ ‫‪ 88‬ﺹ‪ :.‬ﻣﺼﻮﺭ ‪0-6782‬‬
‫ﺮﺿﻴﻪ ﺑﺨ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻥ ‪ --‬ﺗ‬
‫ﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﻣﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺑﻚ ‪ 27-0 :‬ﺖﻧﻮﻳﺴﻰ ‪ :‬ﻓﻴﭙﺎ ﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎ ﻣ‬
‫ﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺣﺮﻭ‬ ‫ﺳ‬
‫ﻤﺎﻥ ‪ /‬ﺷﻴ‬
‫ﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻓﻬﺮ ﻮﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺗ‬
‫ﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﭘ‬ ‫ﻣ‬
‫ﺬﻳﻪ ‪ /‬ﻣﺮﺍﻗ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ ‪ :‬ﻋﺎﺑﺪﻳﻨﻰ‪...‬‬
‫ﻣﻬﺮﺍﻥﺩﺧﺖ ﺭﻯ ‪ --‬ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺗﻐ ‪- 1350‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺸﻨﺪﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻮﻉ ‪ :‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺿ‬
‫‪RG 55‬‬
‫ﻣﻮ ﺎﺳﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺿ ‪17 13‬ﺭ‪9/‬‬
‫‪92 :‬‬ ‫ﺷﻨ‬
‫ﺭﺩﻩﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻛﻨﮕﺮﻩ ‪618/24‬‬
‫ﮕﺪﻟﻰ‬ ‫‪3305260‬‬ ‫ﺩﻳﻮﻳﻰ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺪﻯ‬
‫ﻛﻮﻯ ﺑﻴ‬ ‫ﻰ ﻣﻠﻰ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺭﺩﻩﺑﻨ‬
‫ﻙ ‪284‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺑﺸﻨﺎﺳ‬
‫ﺖ‪ -‬ﭘﻼ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺪﺍ(‪-‬‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﻛ‬
‫ﮔﻠﺪﻭﺳ‬ ‫ﻔﺎﺋﻴﻪ )‬
‫‪09122‬‬
‫‪52621‬‬ ‫ﻢ‪ -‬ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥ ﺻ ﻯ ﺷﻬﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻤﺮﺍﻩ‪3 :‬‬ ‫ﺒﺶ ﻛﻮ‬ ‫ﻗ‬
‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻧ‬
‫‪025/3‬‬
‫‪77361‬‬
‫‪65-37‬‬
‫‪742‬‬ ‫ﻦ‪142 :‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔ‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ‬
‫‪ -1‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺯﻫﺮﺍ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻠﻬﻰ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺍﺣﻤﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ ﺩﺭﺳﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﺌﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫‪ -3‬ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻓﻼﺡ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ‬
‫‪ -4‬ﻣﺮﺿﻴﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﻨﺪﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ ﻣﺎﻣﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺱ‬
‫‪ -5‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﭘﺮﻳﺴﺎ ﺗﺮﺍﺑﻰ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ‬
‫‪ -6‬ﺧﺪﻳﺠﻪ ﺭﺣﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﺌﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺍﻧﺴﺘﻴﺘﻮ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬
‫‪ -7‬ﺷﻬﺮﺯﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻻﻓﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﺎﻣﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺱ‬
‫‪ -8‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﭘﻮﺭ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ‬
‫‪ -9‬ﻣﻴﻨﺎ ﻣﻴﻨﺎﻳﻰ ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ‬
‫‪ -10‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺧﺖ ﻋﺎﺑﺪﻳﻨﻰ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺱ‬
‫‪ -11‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﻓﺮﺣﻨﺎﺯ ﺗﺮﻛﺴــﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸــﺎﻭﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷــﺖ ﻭ ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ‬
‫ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺱ‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﺸﻜﺮ ﺍﺯ‬

‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻭﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺭﺩﺑﻴﻞ‪ :‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻙ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺁﺭﺵ ﺳﻴﺎﺩﺗﻰ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﻭﺣﻴﺪ ﺳﭙﻬﺮﺍﻡ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸـﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷـﻜﻰ ﻭﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷـﺘﻰ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻗﻢ‪ :‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﺠﻴﺪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻛﺒﺮ‬
‫ﺣﻖﻭﻳﺴﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪3‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺳــﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣــﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺴــﺎﺱﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ‪ ،‬ﺳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻓﺮﺩﻯ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻼ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷــﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻣﺮﻯ ﻛﺎﻣ ً‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺨﻮﺑﻰ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺩﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺗﻮﺳــﻂ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ‬
‫ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻼﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﺯﻭﺩ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺳــﻮء ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﻰ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺸــﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻼﺕ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺳﻮء ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﺳــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷــﻴﺮﺩﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌــﻪ ﺍﻗــﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ »ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻱ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷــﻴﺮﺩﻩ« ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺁﺷــﻨﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﭘﺰﺷــﻜﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻴﻢ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻱ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻱ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻲ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﺍﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎء ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻳﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺯ ﻭ ﺑﻮﻡ ﮔﺎﻣﻲ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎء ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺯﻫﺮﺍ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻠﻬﻰ‬
‫ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ‬
 ‫‪4‬‬

‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬

‫‪43‬‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻭﻝ‪/‬ﺗﻐﺪﻳﻪ ﺩﺭﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫‪44‬‬ ‫‪ (4‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪44‬‬ ‫‪ (5‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪45‬‬ ‫‪ (6‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﭘﻴﺶ‬
‫‪45‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪46‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ‬
‫‪51‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻋﻠﻞ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ /‬ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪51‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﭼﺎﻕ)‪ BMI‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪(25‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪51‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫‪52‬‬ ‫ﺏ( ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻗﻨﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ‪15‬‬
‫‪52‬‬ ‫ﺝ( ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫‪52‬‬ ‫ﺩ( ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪53‬‬ ‫ﻫـ ( ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻓﻴﺒﺮ‬ ‫‪17‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻧﻮﺟﻮﺍﻥ )ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻯ ‪ 19‬ﺳﺎﻝ(‬
‫‪53‬‬ ‫ﻭ( ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫‪19‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ‬
‫‪54‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻻﻏﺮ)‪ BMI‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪(18/5‬‬ ‫‪19‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ )ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 2‬ﺗﺎ ‪(12‬‬
‫‪55‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ )ﻣﻘﻮﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ(‬ ‫‪19‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ )ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ‪ 13‬ﺗﺎ‪(25‬‬
‫‪55‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ )ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ‪ 26‬ﺗﺎ‪(40‬‬
‫‪56‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺮﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪56‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫‪56‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻻﻏﺮ‬ ‫‪21‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻚ ﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ‬
‫‪56‬‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺁﻫﻦ‬ ‫‪21‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭ ﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ‬
‫‪57‬‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻰﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ )ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻴﻨﺮﺍﻝ(‬ ‫‪29‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫‪57‬‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ‬ ‫‪34‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﺯﻧﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫‪58‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ‬ ‫‪35‬‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ‬
‫‪58‬‬ ‫ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪35‬‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ‬
‫‪59‬‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫‪37‬‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻞ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﻯ‬
‫‪60‬‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻙ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪37‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪60‬‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻛﻒ ﻟﮕﻦ‬
‫‪61‬‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﺷﻜﻢ‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﺳﻮﻡ ‪ /‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪39‬‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫‪62‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ‪ /‬ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺮﻡ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻏﻴﺮﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ‬
‫‪63‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺷﻜﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺷﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪40‬‬
‫‪63‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺵ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ )‪(Heart Burn‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫ﻫﺮﻡ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻏﻴﺮﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ‬
‫‪63‬‬ ‫ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ‬ ‫‪43‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬
‫‪64‬‬ ‫ﺍﺩﻡ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﮕﻰ ﭘﺎ‬ ‫‪43‬‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ‬
‫‪65‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﻜﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻭﻳﺎﺭ‬ ‫‪43‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ‬
 ‫‪5‬‬

‫‪77‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪65‬‬ ‫ﻳﺒﻮﺳﺖ‬

‫‪77‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻰ‬ ‫‪66‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻮﺭﻭﺋﻴﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻴﺮ‬
‫‪78‬‬ ‫ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻯ )‪(Urinary Ttact Infections‬‬ ‫‪66‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪79‬‬ ‫ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﻛﺘﻮﻧﻮﺭﻯ )‪(PKU‬‬ ‫‪66‬‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻩ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ‬
‫‪66‬‬ ‫ُﭘﺮﻓﺸﺎﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ)‪(PIH‬‬
‫‪82‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ ‪ /‬ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫‪67‬‬ ‫ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪83‬‬ ‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫‪67‬‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻤﻰ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ )‪(Iron deficiency Anemia‬‬
‫‪83‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪68‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ‬
‫‪84‬‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ‬ ‫‪69‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ )‪ (Malnutrtion‬ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻧﻰ‬
‫‪69‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻞ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻧﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪85‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ‪1‬‬ ‫‪73‬‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫‪85‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ‪2‬‬ ‫‪74‬‬ ‫ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪85‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ‪3‬‬ ‫‪75‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫‪86‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ‪4‬‬ ‫‪76‬‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺑﺮ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪87‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ‪ BMI‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫‪76‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻁ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻰ‬
‫‪88‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫‪76‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ‬
‫‪76‬‬ ‫ﺭژﻳﻢ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ‬

‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺟﺪﻭﻝﻫﺎ‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -1‬ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -2‬ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺧﻄﺮﺯﺍﻯ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪10‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -3‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺰﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬
‫‪16‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -4‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 19‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻚ ﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪17‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -5‬ﺯﺩﺍﺳﻜﻮﺭ )‪ (Z-score‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺧﺘﺮﺍﻥ ‪ 12-19‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ‬
‫‪18‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -6‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺧﺘﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻮﺟﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻚﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪19‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -7‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﻭﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪20‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -8‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 13‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 25‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪37‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -10‬ﻋﻠﻞ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﻯ‬
‫‪42‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -11‬ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪46‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -12‬ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ‪ :‬ﺟﻴﺮﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‬
‫‪47‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -13‬ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ‬
‫‪58‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -14‬ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪61‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -15‬ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ‬
‫‪68‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -16‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪68‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -17‬ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻯ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ‬
‫‪81‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -18‬ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ‪ 100‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻛﻰ‬
‫‪6‬‬

‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻭﻝ‬

‫ﺗﻐﺪﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
 ‫‪7‬‬

‫ﺑــﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﻳﻚ ﺯﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 14‬ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭ ﺷــﺪﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺨﻤﻚ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳــﻂ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺳﭙﺮﻡ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒ ًﺎ ﺩﻭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﺨﻤﻚ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺑﻼﺳﺘﻮﺳﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻩ ﺭﺣﻢ ﻧﻔﻮﺫ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺟﻔﺖ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻯ ﺳﻮﻡ ﻭ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﺳــﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ ﻭ ﺷﺸــﻢ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﺸﻢ ﻭ ﮔﻮﺵ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻨﺎﺳــﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻡ ﻭ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻥﻫﺎ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺭﻭﻳﺎﻧﻰ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺗﻮﺃﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺳــﺮﻳﻊ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﺮﺍﺗﻮژﻧﻬﺎ)‪ (1‬ﻭ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ :1‬ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻦ‬
‫ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻠﻮﻝ ﺗﺨﻢ‪ /‬ﺭﻭﻳﺎﻥ‪/‬ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺗﺨﻤﻚﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒ ًﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻟﻘﺎﺡ ﺗﺨﻤﻚ ﻭ ﺍﺳﭙﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻨﻰ ﺳﻠﻮﻝ ﺗﺨﻢ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﮕﻮﺕ‬
‫‪1-4‬‬
‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫)ﺗﺨﻤﻚ ﻟﻘﺎﺡ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ(‬
‫ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺭﺷﺪ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺑﺪﻥ‬ ‫‪ 10-4‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻳﺎﻧﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ‪ 4‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪10‬‬
‫ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﻧﮕﺸﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﺧﻦ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪12‬‬
‫ﻃﻮﻝ ﺳﺮ ﺗﺎ ﻛﻔﻞ ‪ 12‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 110‬ﮔﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪16‬‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 20‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﺳﺮ ﺗﺎ ﻛﻔﻞ ‪ 16‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 300‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺮﻛﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻻﻧﻮﮔﻮ ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻃﻮﻝ ﺳﺮ ﺗﺎ ﻛﻔﻞ ‪ 21‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 630‬ﮔﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﭼﺮﻭﻙﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺭﻧﮓ‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪24‬‬ ‫ﺟﻨﻴﻨﻰ‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 28‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﺳﺮ ﺗﺎ ﻛﻔﻞ ‪ 25‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 1000‬ﮔﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﭼﺸﻢﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﮋﻩ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 32‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﺳﺮ ﺗﺎ ﻛﻔﻞ ‪ 28‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ‪ 1700 ،‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 36‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﺳﺮ ﺗﺎ ﻛﻔﻞ ‪ 32‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 2500‬ﮔﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺳﺮ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻝ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻃﻮﻝ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ‪ 36‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 3400‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﻭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪40‬‬

‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒ ًﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ‪ ،‬ﺟﻔﺖ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﻭ ﺩﻯ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ‬
‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ ﺟﻔﺖ ﻭ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﭘﺮﺯﻯ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺭﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺵ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻔﺎ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻴﻤﻰ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺳﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺳﻦ ﺳﻴﺘﻮﺗﺮﻭﻓﻮﺑﻼﺳﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺟﻔﺖ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻏﻴﺮﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺳﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻔﺖ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻔﺎ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺁﻣﻨﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺸــﺘﻜﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻰ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﻜﻠﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻠﻮﻍ ﺭﻳﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺵ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺮﻡ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺁﻣﻨﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 800‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 1000‬ﺳﻰﺳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺸﺄ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻏﺬﺍﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺒﺪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ‬
‫ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻫﺮ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻃﻰ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺭﻭﻳﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻨﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺮﺍﺗﻮژﻥ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺭﻳﺰﻣﻐﺬﻯﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﻔﺮ‪،‬‬
‫ﺁﻫﻦ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ C‬ﻭ ﻣﺲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻳﺰﻣﻐﺬﻯﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺿﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺳــﻘﻂﺟﻨﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺯﺍﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﻢﻫﻮﺷﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻮﺗﻮﻟﮕﻰ ﻭ‬
‫ﻫﻴﭙﻮﮔﻮﻧﺎﺩﻳﺴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺟﻔﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﭘﻮﻛﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﻰ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫــﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑــﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻳﻚ ﺷﻴﻮﻩﻯ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺗﻜﺎ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺴﺐ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻳﻚ ﻣﺸــﺎﻭﺭﻩﻯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻜﺎﻫﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﭼﺎﻗﻰ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫‪ ‬ﻻﻏﺮﻯ ﻣﻔﺮﻁ‬
‫‪ ‬ﻓﺸﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻻ‬
‫‪ ‬ﻛﻢ ﺧﻮﻧﻰ‬
‫‪ ‬ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺺ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﻞ ﻭ‪...‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ﺯﻳﺮ ‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 3‬ﺳﺎﻝ‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻗﺒــﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑــﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺑــﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﻠﻮﻍ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ‬
‫ﻛﻮﺩﻛﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻗﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﻟﮕﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺧﺘﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ‬
‫ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﻟﮕﻦ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻻﻏﺮﻯ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺁﻣﻨﻮﺭﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴــﻦ ﻛﻤﺒــﻮﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐــﺬﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ‬
‫ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻮﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭﻯ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﻯ ﺑﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭﻯ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ %17‬ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﮔﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺁﻥﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﺑﺪﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ %22‬ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺨﻤﻚﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻌﻤﻮ ًﻻ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺭﺯﺷﻰ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﺍﺻﻮﻟﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺭژﻳﻢﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻻﻏﺮﻯ ﺷــﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺑﻮﻟﻴﻤﻴﺎ )ﺑﻰﺍﺷــﺘﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ(‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺮﻩ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻴﺮﻏﻢ ﺁﻥ ﭼﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺷــﺒﺨﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺗﺨﻤﻚﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺑﺨﺸﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ D‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﻭ ﻣﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ D‬ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻛﻠﺴــﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﭙﺮﻣﺎﺗﻮژﻧﺰ؛ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﺤﺮﻙ‬
‫ﺍﺳﭙﺮﻡ؛ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻛﺮﻭﺯﻭﻡ)‪ (1‬ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻣﺲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺨﻤﻚ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺁﻛﺮﻭﺯﻭﻡ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﭙﺮﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻀﻢ ﻻﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻧﻰ ﺗﺨﻤﻚ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ )ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 120‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻳﺪﻩﺁﻝ( ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺗﺴﺘﻮﺳــﺘﺮﻭﻥ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﻭژﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺨﻤﻚﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭﻯ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﭼــﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫ﺗﺸــﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ ﻭ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷﻴﻮﻉ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺯﺍﺩﻯ‬
‫ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﺑﻜﺎﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺭژﻳﻢ‬
‫ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﻭ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺘﻰ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻭﺭﺯﺷﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺴﺘﻮﺳﺘﺮﻭﻥ ﺳﺮﻡ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭﻯ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻤﻮﻡ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺩﻳﻮﻛﺴــﻴﻦﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻰﻓﻨﻴﻞﺍﻯ ﭘﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﻭﻣﻴﻨﻪ )‪ ،(PBBS‬ﺍﺳﺘﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺘﺎﻻﺕ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭﻯ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﻟﻜﻮﻝﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﺸــﺎﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻟﻜﻮﻝ ﺗﺴﺘﻮﺳﺘﺮﻭﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻟﻜﻮﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﻭژﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻮﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭﻭﻥﺭﻳﺰ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺩﺧﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﺗﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺗﻨﺒﺎﻛﻮ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺷــﻴﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻞ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ‬
‫ﺭﻭﻯ؛ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ؛ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺘﻰ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪﺍﻥﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺍﺳﭙﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺧﻄﺮﺯﺍ )ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ (2‬ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﮔﻰ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺟﺴــﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ )ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻳﺎ ﭼﺎﻕ( ﻭ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﻤﻦ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻰﭘﺬﻳﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ :2‬ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺧﻄﺮﺯﺍﻯ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫‪ ‬ﺳﻦ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪18‬‬

‫‪ ‬ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺩﺧﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﺨﺪﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﻞ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ‪ BMI‬ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 25‬ﻳﺎ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪18/5‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 3‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭﻯ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺮﻓﺸﺎﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﻥ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻴﻚ ﻣﺰﻣﻦ‬
‫‪ ‬ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻣﻴﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ »ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻛﻢ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﻮﺷــﺶ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﻰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺷﻐﻞ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻛﻢﺳﻮﺍﺩﻯ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻏﺬﺍ «‬
‫‪ ‬ﺧﺮﺍﻓﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ »ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ«‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫‪ ‬ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ )ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 11‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﺮ ﺩﺳﻰﻟﻴﺘﺮ(‬
‫‪ ‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ‬
‫‪10‬‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﻟﻘﺎﺡ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻗﺎﻳﻊ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﻏﺪﺩ ﺩﺭﻭﻥﺭﻳﺰ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴﻢ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺳﭙﺮﻡ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻤﻚ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺽ‬
‫‪ 24‬ﺳــﺎﻋﺖ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺨﻤﻚﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻟﻘﺎﺡ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﺍﺳﭙﺮﻡ ﻭ ﺗﺨﻤﻚ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻤﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ )ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺳﻪ ﺍﺻﻞ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ )‪ BMI(1‬ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺑﺮﺳــﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ‪ BMI‬ﻓﺮﺩ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ‪ 18/5‬ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 25‬ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﺧﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﺩ )ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻦ ‪ BMI‬ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺳــﻮﻡ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ(‪ .‬ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﭼﺎﻕ‬
‫ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺸــﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻩ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺯﻭﺩﺭﺱ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺳﺰﺍﺭﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ )ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ‪ 4500‬ﮔﺮﻡ( ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﺎﻕ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﭼﺎﻕ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻛﺮﻭﺯﻭﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﺮﻩ‬
‫ﺁﭘﮕﺎﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻟﮕﻰ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻣﻌﻤﻮ ًﻻ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺯﻥ ﺟﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻛﻢ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻤﻴﻚ ﻣﺰﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺸــﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺷﻰ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﺍﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻰ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺭژﻳﻢ‬
‫ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺰﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ :3‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺰﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬

‫ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ‬

‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸــﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ ﺑــﺎ ﺭژﻳــﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‪،‬‬

‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﻣﺮگﻭﻣﻴﺮ ﺟﻨﻴﻨﻰ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﺸﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻻ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻧﻘﺎﻳــﺺ ﺟﻨﻴﻨﻰ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎً ﻛﻨﺘــﺮﻝ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧــﻮﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺭژﻳــﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻧﻘﺎﻳﺺ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺯﺍﺩﻯ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺭژﻳﻢ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﻛﺘﻮﻧﻮﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺳﻔﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻋﻘﺐﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺫﻫﻨﻰ‬
‫ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫)‪(PKU‬‬

‫‪1. Body Mass Index.‬‬

‫‪2. Phenyl Ketonuria.‬‬
 ‫‪11‬‬

‫ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ‬

‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻧﻘﺎﻳــﺺ ﺟﻨﻴﻨﻰ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎً ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒــﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ‬
‫ﭼﺎﻗﻰ‬
‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎﻳﺺ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺯﺍﺩﻯ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ‬

‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺩﺧﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﭘﺮﻫﻴﺰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.5‬‬

‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﻣﻼﺡ ﻭ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ‬ ‫‪.6‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻤﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺳﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤــ ًﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺑــﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺍﺳــﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫‪.7‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺺ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ )‪ NTDs(1‬ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺪﺕ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ‬ ‫‪.8‬‬
‫ﺁﻫﻦ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ )‪ ،(BMI ≥30‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺗﺎ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ‪ BMI‬ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬ ‫‪.9‬‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﺮﺗﺐ ﻗﻨﺪ ﻭ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﺧﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻢﭼﺮﺏ ﻭ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﻛﺐ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺲ ﮔﻼﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻓﻴﺒﺮ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺭﺯﺷﻰ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺿﻤﻨ ًﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺳــﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻃﻼﻕ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺭﮔﺎﻧﻬﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫــﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣــﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻭ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻭ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓــﺖ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻻﻏﺮﻯ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ‬
‫ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ BMI .‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 18/5‬ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 25‬ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻬﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ‬
‫ﻧﻤــﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻓــﺮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩﻯ ﻭﺯﻧﻰ ﺍﻳﺪﻩﺁﻝ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ‪ BMI‬ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 18/5‬ﺗــﺎ ‪ 24/9‬ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻓﺮﺩ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺭﺍ‬‫‪ BMI‬ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‪<18/5‬‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖﺧﺎﻧﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬ﻫﺎﻯﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺁﻣﺪﻩﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩﻫﺎ‪،‬ﺭﻭﻯ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻣﻴﻮﻩ‬ ‫ﻏﻼﺕ‪،‬ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻥﺩﺭﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ‪30‬‬
‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﺘﻰ‬
‫ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖﺟﺴﻤﻰ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰﻭ ﺭﺍﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻮﻉﺑﺎ ﺳﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺻﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻋﺴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺑﺎ ﻭ ﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻪ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺣﺘﻤﺎً ﺍﺯ ‪ 2‬ﻳﺎ ‪ 3‬ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﺴــﻜﻮﻳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﺷــﻴﺮﻳﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺷــﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴــﺘﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻮﭼﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﭘﻨﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺧﺮﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺐﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻭ ﺧﺸﻚ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ )ﺑﺎﺩﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﭘﺴﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺪﻕ( ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ )ﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻛﺎﺭﻭﻧﻰ( ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺳــﺒﺰﻯ ﺧــﻮﺭﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﻻﺩ ﻫﻤــﺮﺍﻩ ﺑــﺎ ﺭﻭﻏــﻦ ﺯﻳﺘــﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻳــﺎ ﻣﻴــﻮﻩ ﺯﻳﺘــﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨــﺎﺭ ﻏــﺬﺍ ﻣﺼــﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﻨــﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﭼﺎﺷﻨﻰﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺒﺦ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪1. Neural tube defects‬‬

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‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ‪ BMI >25‬ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬

‫‪ ‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻫﺮ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻢ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻗﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺷــﻜﺮ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻛﻰﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺷــﻴﺮﻳﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﺁﺏ ﻧﺒﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﺑﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﺴﻞ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﻧﻰ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺭﺩ ﺳﺒﻮﺱﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﻬﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )ﻧﺎﻥ ﺳﻨﮕﻚ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﺟﻮ ﻭ‪ (..‬ﻭ ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺎﻧﺘﺰﻯ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺑﺎﮔﺖ ﻭ‬
‫ﻧﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﻧﺪﻭﻳﭽﻰ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻋﺪﺱ ﻭ ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺣﺘﻤﺎً ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻛﻢﭼﺮﺏ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ﻟﺨﻢ ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻍ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻣ ً‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻓﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﻮﺷﺘﻰ ﭘﺮﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺳﻮﺳﻴﺲ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺒﺮﮔﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻪﭘﺎﭼﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﮔﻮﺷﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ‪ 3‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳــﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻜﻞ ﺧﺎﻡ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﺎﻻﺩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺳــﺒﺰﻳﺠﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻳﺎ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻏﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺁﺏ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺰﻝ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺷﻜﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺭﺟﺤﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺁﺏ ﭘﺰ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﭘﺰ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻨﻮﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﭼﺮﺏ ﻭ ﺳﺮﺥﺷﺪﻩ ﭘﺮﻫﻴﺰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺳﺲ ﺳﺎﻻﺩ‪ ،‬ﻛﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﺷﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮ ﭘﺮﭼﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭘﻨﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﭼﺮﺏ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺩﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﻏﻨﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﮔﺮﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺪﻕ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺩﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﭘﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺴﺮﻭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﻚ ﻭ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﺩﻭﻡ‬

‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

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‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑــﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻳــﻚ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﻯ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺟﻔﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺁﻣﻨﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺭﺣﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺧﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ‬
‫ﭘﺴﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ؛ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡﺷﺪﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒ ًﺎ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ )ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﺯ ‪ 6/8‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 11/5- 16‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ(‪ .‬ﺷﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻧﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻓﻰ ﻧﻜﺘﻪﻯ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ‬
‫ﺳــﻮﻡ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻫﻤﻪ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﺯﻭﺩﺭﺱ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﻘﺺ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﭼﺎﻕ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴــﺮﻯ ﺯﻳــﺎﺩ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻌــﺪ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﭼﺎﻗﻰ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺎﺳــﻰ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ )ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭼﺎﻕ( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺒﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻣﺎ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑــﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻــﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷــﺪﻩ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻫﺮ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯﺷــﺪﻩ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻓﺮﺩﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺁﮔﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻯ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻰﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﻴﻞ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬ﻗﺪ )ﻣﺘﺮ( ‪ /‬ﻭﺯﻥ )ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ( = ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪(BMI‬‬

‫ﺏ( ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻣﻮﮔﺮﺍﻡ‪:‬‬

‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺳــﻨﺠﺶ ﻧﻤﺎﻳــﻪ ﺗــﻮﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻣﻮﮔﺮﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﺫﻳﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﻣﻮﮔﺮﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻪ ﺧــﻂ ﻣﺪﺭﺝ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻯ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧــﻂ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻤﺖ ﺭﺍﺳــﺖ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺑــﻮﻁ ﺑــﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ )ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴــﺐ‬
‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺧﻂ ﻭﺳــﻂ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ‬
‫ﺑــﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳــﻪ ﺗــﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧــﻰ )ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ( ﻭ ﺧﻂ‬
‫ﺳــﻮﻡ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺪ )ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ( ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴــﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ‬
‫)‪ (BMI‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﻗــﺪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻛــﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻯ‬
‫ﺧﻂ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﻗﺪ ﻧﻤﻮﮔﺮﺍﻡ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺑﺰﻧﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺩﻭ ﻧﻘﻄــﻪ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ ﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫ﻭ ﻗــﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺧــﻂ ﻛﺶ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻫﻢ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻛﻨﻴــﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺧﻄــﻮﻁ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻂ ﻭﺳــﻂ‬
‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨــﺪﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ‬
‫)‪ (BMI‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬

‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻗﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺯﺭﺩ )ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ (18/5‬ﻗﻄﻊ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛‬
‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻗﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺳﺒﺰ )‪ (18/5-24/9‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ؛‬
‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻗﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻧﺎﺭﻧﺠﻰ )‪ (25-29/9‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ؛‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻗﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ )ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻯ ‪ (30‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻕ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ ،4‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ )ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ (30‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﭼﺎﻕ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 5-9‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫)ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩﻯ ﺭﻧﮓ ﻧﺎﺭﻧﺠﻰ( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪ 7‬ﻭ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ‪ 11/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ )ﺭﻧﮓ ﺳﺒﺰ( ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻰ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪ 11/5‬ﻭ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫‪ 16‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ )ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺯﺭﺩ( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 12/5‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 18‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻳﻬﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺣﺪ‬
‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺣﺪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺗﺎ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻼﻙ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩ؛ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻁ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻭﺯﻧﻰ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﻰ )ﺑﻴﺶ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ( ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻼﻙ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺛﺒﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻴﻢ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ :4‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 19‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻚ ﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪13‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫‪ BMI‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻧﮓ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ‪BMI‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ )ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‪/‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ(‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻥ )ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ(‬ ‫‪kg/m2‬‬

‫‪0/5‬‬ ‫‪12/5 -18‬‬ ‫‪<18/5‬‬ ‫ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﺭﺩ‬

‫‪0/4‬‬ ‫‪11/5 -16‬‬ ‫‪18/5 -24/9‬‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫‪0/3‬‬ ‫‪7 -11/5‬‬ ‫‪25 -29/9‬‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺭﻧﺠﻰ‬
‫‪0/2‬‬ ‫‪5-9‬‬ ‫‪≥ 30‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬

‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 0/5‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 2‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ( ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ‪ 35‬ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺝ( ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﻗﺪ )ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 150‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻰ ﻣﺘﺮ( ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺠﻰ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻃﻰ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻡ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 0/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ‪ 0/4‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬
‫‪ 0/3‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﭼﺎﻕ ‪ 0/2‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪17‬‬

‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻧﻮﺟﻮﺍﻥ )ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻯ ‪ 19‬ﺳﺎﻝ(‬

‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻧﻮﺟﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻣﺴــﺎﻭﻯ ‪ 19‬ﺳــﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻗﻀﺎﻭﺕ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺟﻮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ‬
‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺯﺩﺍﺳﻜﻮﺭ )‪ (Z-scores‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺧﺘﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫)ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺳﻦ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺎﻩ( ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ 5‬ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺯﺩ ﺍﺳﻜﻮﺭ )‪ (Z-scores‬ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ‪ BMI‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 6‬ﻗﻀﺎﻭﺕ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ :5‬ﺯﺩﺍﺳﻜﻮﺭ )‪ (Z-score‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﻦ ﺩﺧﺘﺮﺍﻥ ‪ 12-19‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺳﻦ‬ ‫)‪Z-scores (BMI in kg/m2‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﻩ ‪ :‬ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻩ‬ ‫‪-1SD‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫‪1SD‬‬ ‫‪2SD‬‬
‫‪12:0‬‬ ‫‪144‬‬ ‫‪16/0‬‬ ‫‪18/0‬‬ ‫‪20/8‬‬ ‫‪25/0‬‬
‫‪12:3‬‬ ‫‪147‬‬ ‫‪16/1‬‬ ‫‪18/2‬‬ ‫‪21/1‬‬ ‫‪25/3‬‬
‫‪12:6‬‬ ‫‪150‬‬ ‫‪16/3‬‬ ‫‪18/4‬‬ ‫‪21/3‬‬ ‫‪25/6‬‬
‫‪12:9‬‬ ‫‪153‬‬ ‫‪16/4‬‬ ‫‪18/6‬‬ ‫‪21/6‬‬ ‫‪25/9‬‬
‫‪13:0‬‬ ‫‪156‬‬ ‫‪16/6‬‬ ‫‪18/8‬‬ ‫‪21/8‬‬ ‫‪26/2‬‬
‫‪13:3‬‬ ‫‪159‬‬ ‫‪16/8‬‬ ‫‪19/0‬‬ ‫‪22/0‬‬ ‫‪26/5‬‬
‫‪13:6‬‬ ‫‪162‬‬ ‫‪16/9‬‬ ‫‪19/2‬‬ ‫‪22/3‬‬ ‫‪26/8‬‬
‫‪13:9‬‬ ‫‪165‬‬ ‫‪17/1‬‬ ‫‪19/4‬‬ ‫‪22/5‬‬ ‫‪27/1‬‬
‫‪14:0‬‬ ‫‪168‬‬ ‫‪17/2‬‬ ‫‪19/6‬‬ ‫‪22/7‬‬ ‫‪27/3‬‬
‫‪14:3‬‬ ‫‪171‬‬ ‫‪17/4‬‬ ‫‪19/7‬‬ ‫‪22/9‬‬ ‫‪27/6‬‬
‫‪14:6‬‬ ‫‪174‬‬ ‫‪17/5‬‬ ‫‪19/9‬‬ ‫‪23/1‬‬ ‫‪27/8‬‬
‫‪14:9‬‬ ‫‪177‬‬ ‫‪17/6‬‬ ‫‪20/1‬‬ ‫‪23/3‬‬ ‫‪28/0‬‬
‫‪15:0‬‬ ‫‪180‬‬ ‫‪17/8‬‬ ‫‪20/2‬‬ ‫‪23/5‬‬ ‫‪28/2‬‬
‫‪15:3‬‬ ‫‪183‬‬ ‫‪17/9‬‬ ‫‪20/4‬‬ ‫‪23/7‬‬ ‫‪28/4‬‬
‫‪15:6‬‬ ‫‪186‬‬ ‫‪18/0‬‬ ‫‪20/5‬‬ ‫‪23/8‬‬ ‫‪28/6‬‬
‫‪15:9‬‬ ‫‪189‬‬ ‫‪18/1‬‬ ‫‪20/6‬‬ ‫‪24/0‬‬ ‫‪28/7‬‬
‫‪16:0‬‬ ‫‪192‬‬ ‫‪18/2‬‬ ‫‪20/7‬‬ ‫‪24/1‬‬ ‫‪28/9‬‬
‫‪16:3‬‬ ‫‪195‬‬ ‫‪18/2‬‬ ‫‪20/8‬‬ ‫‪24/2‬‬ ‫‪29/0‬‬
‫‪16:6‬‬ ‫‪198‬‬ ‫‪18/3‬‬ ‫‪20/9‬‬ ‫‪24/3‬‬ ‫‪29/1‬‬
‫‪16:9‬‬ ‫‪201‬‬ ‫‪18/4‬‬ ‫‪21/0‬‬ ‫‪24/4‬‬ ‫‪29/2‬‬
‫‪17:0‬‬ ‫‪204‬‬ ‫‪18/4‬‬ ‫‪21/0‬‬ ‫‪24/5‬‬ ‫‪29/3‬‬
‫‪17:3‬‬ ‫‪207‬‬ ‫‪18/5‬‬ ‫‪21/1‬‬ ‫‪24/6‬‬ ‫‪29/4‬‬
‫‪17:6‬‬ ‫‪210‬‬ ‫‪18/5‬‬ ‫‪21/2‬‬ ‫‪24/6‬‬ ‫‪29/4‬‬
‫‪17:9‬‬ ‫‪213‬‬ ‫‪18/5‬‬ ‫‪21/2‬‬ ‫‪24/7‬‬ ‫‪29/5‬‬
‫‪18:0‬‬ ‫‪216‬‬ ‫‪18/6‬‬ ‫‪21/3‬‬ ‫‪24/8‬‬ ‫‪29/5‬‬
‫‪18:3‬‬ ‫‪219‬‬ ‫‪18/6‬‬ ‫‪21/3‬‬ ‫‪24/8‬‬ ‫‪29/6‬‬
‫‪18:6‬‬ ‫‪222‬‬ ‫‪18/6‬‬ ‫‪21/3‬‬ ‫‪24/9‬‬ ‫‪29/6‬‬
‫‪18:9‬‬ ‫‪225‬‬ ‫‪18/7‬‬ ‫‪21/4‬‬ ‫‪24/9‬‬ ‫‪29/6‬‬
‫‪18:11‬‬ ‫‪227‬‬ ‫‪18/7‬‬ ‫‪21/4‬‬ ‫‪25/0‬‬ ‫‪29/7‬‬
‫‪19:0‬‬ ‫‪228‬‬ ‫‪18/7‬‬ ‫‪21/4‬‬ ‫‪25/0‬‬ ‫‪29/7‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ‪ BMI‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺯﺩﺍﺳﻜﻮﺭ )‪ (Z-scores‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺭﺩﻳﻒ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﻧﺸــﺎﻥﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ‪ 144‬ﻣﺎﻫﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ‪ BMI‬ﺍﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ 18‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫)ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻛﻢ ﻭﺯﻧﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ( ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪﻯ ﺗﻮﺩﻩﻯ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺍﻭ ﺍﺯ ‪ 16‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﺩﺍﺳﻜﻮﺭ‬
‫)‪ (Z-scores‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ -1‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﻢ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻳﻬﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭼﻨﺎﻥ ﭼﻪ ‪ BMI‬ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ‪20/8‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﺩﺍﺳﻜﻮﺭ )‪ (Z-scores‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪) 1‬ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ‪ (=1SD‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪18‬‬

‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -6‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺧﺘﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻮﺟﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻚﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪13‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ )ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‪/‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ(‬ ‫)ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ(‬ ‫‪z-score‬‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬

‫‪0/5‬‬ ‫‪12/5 -18‬‬ ‫‪< -1‬‬ ‫ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ‬

‫‪0/4‬‬ ‫‪11/5 -16‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ‪ -1‬ﺗﺎ ‪< +1‬‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬
‫‪0/3‬‬ ‫‪7 -11/5‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ‪ +1‬ﺗﺎ ‪< +2‬‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫‪0/2‬‬ ‫‪5 -9‬‬ ‫‪≥ +2‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻕ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﺩﺧﺘﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ‪ <-2SD‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪،‬ﻛﻢ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ؛ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺳﻦ ﺩﺧﺘﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻮﺟﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ‪ -1SD‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮء ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻭ‬
‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﻢ ﻭﺯﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺧﺘﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻮﺟﻮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺳﻦ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ -1SD‬ﺩﺭﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻧﻮﺟﻮﺍﻥ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ( ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺟﻮﺍﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ‪ 2‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﮔﻰ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ‪ BMI‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺿﻴﻌﺖ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻯ ‪ 19‬ﺳﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ 5‬ﻭ ‪ 6‬ﺍﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻯ ‪ 19‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬
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‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻳﻚ ﺩﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻮﺟﻮﺍﻥ ‪ 15‬ﺳــﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺪ ‪ 160‬ﺳــﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 52‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ‪ 20/3‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 5‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ +1SD‬ﻭ ‪ -1SD‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 6‬ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﻭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﻭﻗﻠﻮ )ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ (7‬ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴــﺐ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬
‫‪ 17-25‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 14-23‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﭼﺎﻕ ‪ 11-19‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -7‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﻭﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪ BMI‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪13‬‬
‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬ ‫‪BMI‬‬ ‫ﺭﻧﮓ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ )ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‪/‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ(‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻥ )ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ(‬ ‫‪kg/m2‬‬
‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫‪< 18/5‬‬ ‫* ﻛﻢ ﻭﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﺭﺩ‬
‫‪0/63‬‬ ‫‪17 -25‬‬ ‫‪18/5 -24/9‬‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫‪0/6‬‬ ‫‪14 -23‬‬ ‫‪25 -29/9‬‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺭﻧﺠﻰ‬
‫‪0/45‬‬ ‫‪11 -19‬‬ ‫‪≥ 30‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬
‫* ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﻭﻗﻠﻮ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪ :1‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻭ ﻗﻠﻮ ‪ 1/5‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 2/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪ :2‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺳﻪﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 22/5-27‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ ،24‬ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪ 16‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ )ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 2‬ﺗﺎ ‪ (12‬ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﻭﺯﻥ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ )ﻃﻰ ‪ 12‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺮﻁ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺳــﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻮﻣﻮﮔﺮﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﻼﻗﻰ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻯ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻓﻘﻰ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﮔﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ )ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 13‬ﺗﺎ ‪ (25‬ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 13‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 25‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺛﺒﺖ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 8‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺸــﻜﻠﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺍﻭ ﻛﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺩﻭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺷــﻨﺎﺱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪20‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 18‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ ﻭﻯ ‪160‬‬

‫ﺳــﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻭ ‪ 61/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻳﺎ‬
‫‪ =160‬ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻧﺸﺪﻩﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻃﺒﻖ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪8‬‬
‫‪ 61/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ= ﻭﺯﻥ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 18‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 18‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 3‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 3‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ → ﻛﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻛﺴــﺮ ﻧﻤــﻮﺩﻥ ‪ 3‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺑــﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫‪ 58/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﮔﺮﻡ =‪ → 61/5-3‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪ 61/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔــﺮﻡ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺍﻭ )ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 18‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪ = 58/5÷(1/6 × 1/6) = 22/85‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪(BMI‬‬
‫ﻣــﺎﺩﺭ ‪ 58/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔــﺮﻡ ﻣﺤﺎﺳــﺒﻪ ﻣﻰﮔــﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻــﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ‬
‫ﺗــﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧــﻰ ﺍﻭ ‪ 22/85‬ﺑــﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ :8‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 13‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 25‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫‪25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13‬‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫‪5/8 5/4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪4/6 4/2 3/8 3/4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2/6 2/2 1/8 1/4‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ‪1‬‬

‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ )ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 26‬ﺗﺎ ‪ (40‬ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺳــﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﻯ‬
‫ﺛﺒﺖ ﻧﺸﺪﻩﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺮﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪،‬‬
‫ﻃﺒﻖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻯ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺗﺮﺳــﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻼﺕ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﺳﺒﻚ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻛﻔﺶ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺍﺯﻭ‪ ،‬ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬

‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻓﻘﻰ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻓﻘﻰ ﻧﺸﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﻘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻳﻚ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻯ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻯ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ‪ 0/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﻯ ﺧﻂ ﺍﻓﻘﻰ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﻣﺒﺪﺍء ﺷــﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﻘﻰ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻓﻘﻰ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻰ)‪ (2‬ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﻮﻁ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻰ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺍﻭ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ‪ 3‬ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻳﻚ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 13‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 25‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 400‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪) .‬ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪(2‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﻯ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ )ﺯﻳﺮ ﺻﻔﺮ( ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺻﻔﺮ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﻘﻰ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺧﻂ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻴﺐ ﺗﻨﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻗﻄﻊ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺻﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﻯ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ )ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ‬
‫ﻓﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ(‪ .‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪) .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻌﻤﻮ ًﻻ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪﻯ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪(.‬‬
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‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻚ ﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻛﻢ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪:18/5‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻓﺎﺻﻞ ﺧﻂ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ‪ 12/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺗﺎ ﺧﻂ ‪ 18‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ )‪:(18/5 -24/9‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻓﺎﺻﻞ ﺧﻂ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ‪ 11/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺗﺎ ﺧﻂ ‪ 16‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪:25 -29/9 (BMI‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻓﺎﺻﻞ ﺧﻂ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ‪ 7‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺗﺎ ﺧﻂ ‪ 11/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﭼﺎﻕ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪:30‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻓﺎﺻﻞ ﺧﻂ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ‪ 5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺗﺎ ﺧﻂ ‪ 9‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻚﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻕ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻕ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭ ﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ )‪:(18/5 -24/9‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻓﺎﺻﻞ ﺧﻂ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ‪ 17‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺗﺎ ﺧﻂ ‪ 25‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪:25 -29/9 (BMI‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻓﺎﺻﻞ ﺧﻂ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ‪ 14‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺗﺎ ﺧﻂ ‪ 23‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﭼﺎﻕ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪:30‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻓﺎﺻﻞ ﺧﻂ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ‪ 11‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺗﺎ ﺧﻂ ‪ 19‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻚﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﻡ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﻓﺘﺮﭼﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﺮﺳﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻗﻠﻮ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﻭﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪22‬‬

‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 12/5-18‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ)ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ‪-‬ﺗﻚﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ(‬

‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 18/5‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫‪37-35 34-31 30-26 25-21 20-16 15-11‬‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪10-6‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
 ‫‪23‬‬

‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ‪ 11/5-16‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ)ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪-‬ﺗﻚﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ(‬

‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 18/5-24/9‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪37-35 34-31 30-26 25-21 20-16 15-11 10-6‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
 ‫‪24‬‬

‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 7-11/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ)ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ‪-‬ﺗﻚﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ(‬

‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 25-29/9‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪37-35 34-31 30-26 25-21 20-16 15-11 10-6‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
 ‫‪25‬‬

‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ‪ 5-9‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ)ﭼﺎﻕ‪-‬ﺗﻚﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ(‬

‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻯ ‪ 30‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪37-35 34-31 30-26 25-21 20-16 15-11 10-6‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
 ‫‪26‬‬

‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 17-25‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ)ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪-‬ﺩﻭﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ(‬

‫‪25‬‬

‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 18/5-24/9‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪37-35 34-31 30-26 25-21 20-16 15-11 10-6‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
 ‫‪27‬‬

‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 14-23‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ)ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ‪ -‬ﺩﻭ ﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ(‬

‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 25-29/9‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪37-35 34-31 30-26 25-21 20-16 15-11 10-6‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
 ‫‪28‬‬

‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 11-19‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ)ﭼﺎﻕ‪-‬ﺩﻭﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ(‬

‫‪25‬‬

‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻯ ‪ 30‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪37-35 34-31 30-26 25-21 20-16 15-11 10-6‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
 ‫‪29‬‬

‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺟﺪﻭﻟﻰ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﻯ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ‪ :‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪،‬‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘــﻪ ‪ ،6-10‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ ،11-15‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ ،16-20‬ﻫﻔﺘــﻪ ‪ ،21-25‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ ،26-30‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ ،31-34‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ ،35-37‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬
‫‪ ،38‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ ،39‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 40‬ﻭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 41‬ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺳﻦ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 18‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ‪ 16-20‬ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ 18‬ﺛﺒﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 18‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻭ ‪61/5‬‬‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‪ :‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻧﻮﺷــﺘﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺜ ً‬
‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ 61/5‬ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫ﻼ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ ‪ 59‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﺎﺳــﺒﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺷــﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺜ ً‬
‫ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺍﻭ ﺑﻪ ‪ 61/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ 2/5‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻴـﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴـﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻼﻗــﺎﺕ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ )ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻥ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ( ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺜ ً‬
‫ﻼ‬
‫ﻣــﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﻛــﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻭ ‪ 58‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 18‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻭ ﺑﻪ ‪ 61/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬
‫ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ 3/5‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳـﺐ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ‬
‫ﺯﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ )ﺕ – ‪ (13‬ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ :9‬ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬

‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪37-35 34-31 30-26 25-21 20-16 15-11 10-6‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫‪31‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫‪66/8‬‬ ‫‪61/5‬‬ ‫‪59/5‬‬ ‫‪59‬‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬

‫‪5/3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪0/5‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬

‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‬
‫‪8/8‬‬ ‫‪3/5‬‬ ‫‪1/5‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫‪30‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺮﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -1‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺮﻭﻧﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ(‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ )ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ‪ 3‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ( ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺎ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ × )ﺿﺮﺑﺪﺭ( ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺿﺮﺑﺪﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻃﻰ ﻫﺮ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺑﺖ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻦ ﺍﻭ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺛﺒﺖ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻨﻮﻳﺴﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻯ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﻼﻗﻰ ﺧﻂ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺧﻂ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ × )ﺿﺮﺑﺪﺭ( ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻫــﺮ ﻧﻮﺑــﺖ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳــﺎﻥ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻼﻗــﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺎﻃﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﺑﺪﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻋﺸﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﺩﻛﻨﻴﺪ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺜ ً‬
‫ﻼ ‪ 3/8‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ‪ 4‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ‪ 3/3‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ‪ 3/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ‪ 25‬ﺳــﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺪ ‪ 160‬ﺳــﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 58‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬
‫‪ 9‬ﺑــﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 59‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔــﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 13‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 59/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 18‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 61/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 31‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ‬
‫‪ 66/8‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ‪ 160‬ﺳــﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻭ ‪ 58‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺍﻭ ‪22/65‬‬
‫ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺤﺎﺳــﺒﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺻﻔﺮ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ 58‬ﻧﻮﺷــﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﺎ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 9‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ‪ 59‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ‪ 1‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ 1‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ 59‬ﻧﻮﺷــﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﻼﻗﻰ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺿﺮﺑﺪﺭ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 13‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ‪ 59/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‬
‫ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ‪ 1/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ 1/5‬ﻣﺤﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ 59/5‬ﻧﻮﺷــﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﻼﻗﻰ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺿﺮﺑﺪﺭ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 18‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ‪ 61/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ‪ 3/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ 3/5‬ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ 61/5‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﻼﻗﻰ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺿﺮﺑﺪﺭ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪31‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ‪ 66/8‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ‪ 8/8‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‪ 9 ،‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ 9‬ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ 66/8‬ﻧﻮﺷــﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫)ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ 66/8‬ﮔﺮﺩ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ‪ 67‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ( ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﻼﻗﻰ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺿﺮﺑﺪﺭ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﺿﺮﺑﺪﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻮﺑﺖ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺯﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺭﺳﻢ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
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‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 11/5-16‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ)ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪-‬ﺗﻚ ﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ(‬

‫‪22/65‬‬

‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 18/5-24/9‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫‪37-35 34-31 30-26 25-21 20-16 15-11‬‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪10-6‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫‪31‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫‪66/8‬‬ ‫‪61/5‬‬ ‫‪59/5‬‬ ‫‪59‬‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬

‫‪5/3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪0/5‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬

‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‬
‫‪8/8‬‬ ‫‪3/5‬‬ ‫‪1/5‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
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‫‪ -2‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺮﺳﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ‪) 1‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺍﺳﺖ( ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﻼﻗﻰ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻓﻘﻰ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -3‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 13‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 25‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪) 8‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 13‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 25‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ(‪ ،‬ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ‪ 25‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 18‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻗﺪ ﻭﻯ ‪ 160‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻭ ‪ 61/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺳــﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻧﺸﺪﻩﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 23‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻭ ﺑﻪ ‪ 64‬ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪31‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻭ ﺑﻪ ‪ 67/300‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ ،8‬ﻓﺮﺽ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻃﻰ ‪ 18‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‪ 3 ،‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻟﺬﺍ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻭ ‪ 58/5‬ﻭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺍﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 22/85‬ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺗﻴــﺐ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤــﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﻘﻰ‪ ،‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬
‫‪ 18‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻯ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﻘﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫‪ 58/5‬ﺭﺍ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ ﻧﻮﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥ ‪) 61/5‬ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺳــﻪ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ( ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺧﻄﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﻘﻰ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﻼﻗﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻂ ﺍﻓﻘﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻯ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺟﺎ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 23‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ‪ 64‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻂ ﺻﻔﺮ )‪ 58/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ( ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ‪ 5/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‬
‫ﻭ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ ‪ 2/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 23‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ‪ 64‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﻼﻗﻰ ‪ 2‬ﺧﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺧﻂ ﺍﻓﻘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺧﻂ ﺍﻓﻘﻰ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 31‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺧﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻯ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ‪ 67/3‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﻄﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 23 ،18‬ﻭ ‪ 31‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺗﺎ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 31‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 9‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ‪ 11/5-16‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ)ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪-‬ﺗﻚﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ(‬

‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 18/5-24/9‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫‪37-35 34-31 30-26 25-21 20-16 15-11‬‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪10-6‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫‪31‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫‪67/3‬‬ ‫‪64‬‬ ‫‪61/5‬‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬

‫‪3/3‬‬ ‫‪2/5‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬

‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‬
‫‪8/8‬‬ ‫‪5/5‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
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‫ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬

‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻗﻀﺎﻭﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ )ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻢ ﻭﺯﻥ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻳﺎ ﭼﺎﻕ( ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‬
‫ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﻧﻜﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻃﻼﻕ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﺍﻯ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﺎﺕ ﭘﺎﺭﺍ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻜﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻧﺎﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ‪ 5‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ‪،‬‬
‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺳــﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷــﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢ ﻣﺮﻍ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﻜﻤﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ )ﻃﺒﻖ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ( ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺭﻭﺯ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭼﻬﺮﻩﺑﻪﭼﻬﺮﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻰ ﺳــﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻧﺸــﺪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﻡ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺳــﺆﺍﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻜﻤﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ‪ 5‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤ ًﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﻮﺱ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻨﮕﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺩﻣﻰ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﻏﻼﺕ ﻭ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻋﺪﺱ ﭘﻠﻮ‪،‬‬
‫ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﭘﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪﺳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻙ ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺸــﻚ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﺸﻤﺶ‪ ،‬ﺧﺮﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺕ ﺧﺸﻚ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺠﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺧﺸﻚ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﻫﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﺯﺭﺩﺁﻟﻮ ﻳﺎ ﺁﻟﻮﻯ ﺧﺸﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺳــﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻜﻞ ﺧﺎﻡ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺷﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺿﺪ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻰ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬ﺍﺯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺳﺒﺰﻯ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﻫﻮﺍ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺷــﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﭘﺨﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺁﺏ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻦ ﺁﺏ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﻮ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺧﻴﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻫﻮﻳﺞ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻡ )ﺳﺒﺰﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ( ﻭ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﭘﺨﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻻﺩ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻛﺸﻚ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ ﻭ ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺸﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺁﺵ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺩﻣﺠﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﻮﺷﻴﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻔﺦ ﻭ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺷﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﭘﻨﻴﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﭘﺴــﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺩﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺪﻕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺧﻮﺏ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤﺎ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﺧﺎﻡ ﻭ ﻛﻢﻧﻤﻚ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ‬

‫‪ -1‬ﻫﺮﮔﺎﻩ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻴﺐ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺐ‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻓﻘﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ – 2‬ﭼﻨﺎﻥﭼﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 15‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﭼﺎﻕ )ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻯ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ (30‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﻢ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -3‬ﭼﻨﺎﻥﭼﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 15‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻫﺮﮔﺎﻩ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻴﺐ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺐ‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 20‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 3‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺟﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻥ ﺁﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﭘﺮﻩﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ‬
‫ﻣﺴﻤﻮﻣﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -3‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻭﺯﻥ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺩﻭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﻭﺯﻥ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‬ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬

‫‪ ‬ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺭژﻳﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺧﺎﺹ )ﻛﻢﺧﻮﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺭژﻳﻢﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺧﺮﺍﻓﺎﺕ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ(؛‬
‫‪ ‬ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ؛‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﺍﻯ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﻠﺒﻰ ـ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ‪(...‬؛‬
‫‪ ‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻯ؛‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻰ؛‬
‫‪ ‬ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﮔﻰ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺭﺿﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ؛‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﺨﺪﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺪﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺧﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ؛‬
‫‪ ‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻋﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻛﻰ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻛﻰ )ﻭﻳﺎﺭ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﻭ ﭘﻴﻜﺎ(؛‬
‫‪ ‬ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ؛‬
‫‪ ‬ﺣﺠﻢ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ؛‬
‫‪ ‬ﺗﺤﺮﻙ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻭ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ؛‬
‫‪ ‬ﺳﻦ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ؛‬
‫‪ ‬ﭼﻨﺪ ﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ؛‬
‫‪ ‬ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺯﻭﺩﺭﺱ )ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ‪ 37‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ( ﻳﺎ ﺳﻘﻂ؛‬
‫‪ ‬ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ ))‪ LBW (1‬ﻳﺎ )‪(IUGR (2‬؛‬
‫‪ ‬ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 3‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﺎ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‪.‬‬
‫‪1. Intra Uterine Growth Retardation‬‬
‫‪2. Low Birth Weight‬‬
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‫ﺑﺮﺍﺳـﺎﺱ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻠﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳـﺐ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻼﺕ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳـﺐ ﻭ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺳـﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﺴـﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ‬
‫ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻣﺸـﺎﻭﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻛﻼﻣﻰ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪:‬‬

‫‪ (1‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺸــﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ‬
‫ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻌﻀﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺳﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﻼﻡ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻯ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻥ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻡ ﻣﻰﻣﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﻠﺐ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻛﻮﺩﻙ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻣﻴﺖ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﺻﺮﻑ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ‬
‫ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﻢ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻏﺬﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻮﻣﻰ ﻭ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﻙ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺳــﻮء ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺤﺮﺯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺍﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻗﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬
‫ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺳــﻂ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺍﻣﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻣﺎﻡ ﺧﻤﻴﻨﻰ)ﺭﻩ(‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺰﻳﺴــﺘﻰ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬
‫ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺍﻣﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻣﺎﻡ ﺧﻤﻴﻨﻰ)ﺭﻩ( ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻌﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻘﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻛﻢ ﻭﺯﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻣﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻰ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬‫‪ (3‬ﺍﻋﺘﻘــﺎﺩ ﺑــﻪ ﺧﺮﺍﻓﺎﺕ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺜ ً‬
‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﺗﺨﻢ ﻣﺮﻍ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺫﻫﻦ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻌﻀﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺯﺷــﺖ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻛﻮﺩﻙ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻻﺯﻡ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﺧﺮﺍﻓﺎﺕ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻰ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻰ‪ :‬ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﮔﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﺎﺳﺎﺯﮔﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺯﻥ ﻭ ﺷﻮﻫﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﺳﺎﺯﮔﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻮﻫﺮ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺎﺭﺿﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﻰ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺘﻨﺎﻉ ﺍﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻰ ﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻭ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ‬
‫ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺴﺮﺵ ﻧﺰﺩ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ ﻭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺑﺮﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﻰ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺧﻄﺮﺍﺕ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻛﻤﻚﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻜﻨﺪ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻴﺸــﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺟﻠﺴﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻠﺐ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻫﻤﺴﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻨﺠﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﺟﺮﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻯ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻰ‬
‫ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻚ ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺧﻼﺻﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻞ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 10‬ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬

‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ :10‬ﻋﻠﻞ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﻯ‬

‫ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻞ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺸﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ)ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻮﻣﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ(‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﻗﻼﻡ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻼ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺨﻢ ﻣﺮﻍ ﺑﻪﺟﺎﻯ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬
‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﺧﺮﺍﻓﺎﺕ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻧﮕﺮﺵ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﺍﻓﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﻭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﭼﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻬﺮﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﻥ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻫﺎﻥ ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻋﻠﺖﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻰ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺭﻭﺍﻥﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺍﻣﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻣﺎﻡ ﺧﻤﻴﻨﻰ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬
‫ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﺍﻯ )ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ‪ ،‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﺐ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺗﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻭ‪(...‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻡﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ‬
‫ﺗﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺧﻔﻴﻒ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻃﺒﻖ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺣﺠﻢ‬
‫ﺣﺠﻢ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﺍﻭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﭘﺮﻫﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﺑﻴﺪﻥ ﺷﺒﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩﺭﻭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﻣﺮﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻰﺗﺤﺮﻛﻰ ﻳﺎ ﻛﻢﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺴﻤﻰ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻻ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻩﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﻴﮕﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺩﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻀﺮﺍﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺳﻴﮕﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺩﻭﺯ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺗﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬

‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬

‫‪ -1‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺯﻳﺮ ‪ 19‬ﺳﺎﻝ‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻞ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ BMI -3‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺯﻳﺮ ‪ 18/5‬ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪25‬‬
‫‪ -4‬ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺹ‬
‫‪ -5‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ‪ ،‬ﺁﻧﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﻠﻴﻮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻭ‪. ...‬‬
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‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﺳﻮﻡ‬

‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

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‫ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻧﺰﺩ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﻣﺎ‪) ،‬ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ( ﺩﺭ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻄﺮﺍﺕ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ)ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺧﻄﺮﺯﺍﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﻣﺎ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬
‫ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ‪ 5‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻜﻤﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﻡ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﻰﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬

‫ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺮ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﺯ ‪ 5‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ؟‬

‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﻪ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ‬
‫ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰﺩﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺐ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻧﮕﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ‪ ،‬ﮔﻨﺪﻡ‪ ،‬ﺟﻮ‪ ،‬ﺟﻮ ﺩﻭﺳﺮ‪ ،‬ﺫﺭﺕ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﭼﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻫﻢ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻫﺮﻡ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬

‫ﻳﻚ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺳــﺎﻟﻢ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﺴﻢ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﻓﺮﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﻪﻯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ‪ 5‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ؛ ﻛﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳـﺖ‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﻣﺎ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫‪ .2‬ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫‪ .5‬ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺩﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﻪ‪ :‬ﭼﺮﺑﻰﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻨﻰﻫﺎ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﻪ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ‪ .3‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻧﺤــﻮﻩ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻠﻬﺎﻯ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴــﻦ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻼﺡ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻢ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻧﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻃﺒﻖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺏ( ﻫﺮﻡ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﺮﻡ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ‬
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‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ :11‬ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻫﺮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻧﺎﻥ ﺑــﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﻧﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺳــﺒﻮﺱﺩﺍﺭ )ﺳــﻨﮕﻚ‪ ،‬ﻧــﺎﻥ ﺟــﻮ‪ (...‬ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻛﻒ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻧﮕﺸــﺖ )ﻣﻌــﺎﺩﻝ ‪ 30‬ﮔﺮﻡ( ﺍﻧــﻮﺍﻉ ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻧﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺳــﻨﺘﻰ ﺳــﻔﻴﺪ )ﻟﻮﺍﺵ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻓﺘﻮﻥ(‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧــﺞ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺑﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺳﻨﮕﻚ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻓﺘﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻣــﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﻧــﻰ ﻭ ﺭﺷــﺘﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻏــﻼﺕ ﺻﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ‬
‫ﻳﺎ ‪ 4‬ﻛﻒ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻟﻮﺍﺵ )ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ‪ 30‬ﮔﺮﻡ(‬ ‫‪7 -11‬‬ ‫‪6 -11‬‬
‫ﻓﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺁﻥﻫــﺎ ﺑــﻪ ﻭﻳــﮋﻩ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﻛﺎﺭﻭﻧﻰ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧــﻪ ﻛﺎﻣــﻞ ﻏــﻼﺕ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺎ ‪ 3‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﺑﻴﺴﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺳﺒﻮﺱﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ ﺳﺒﻮﺱﺩﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻓﻴﺒﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﮔﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺳــﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺮگﺩﺍﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺳﺒﺰﻯ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺧﺎﻡ ﺧﺮﺩﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻫﻮﻳﺞ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺩﻣﺠﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻧﺨﻮﺩ ﺳﺒﺰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻛﺪﻭ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺭچ‪،‬‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺪﺩ ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻫﻮﻳﺞ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪4-5‬‬ ‫‪3-5‬‬
‫ﺧﻴــﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴــﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻛﺮﻓﺲ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﻮﺍﺱ ﻭ‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﺏ ﻫﻮﻳﺞ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺰﻳﺠﺎﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺨﻮﺩ ﺳﺒﺰ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻭ ﻫﻮﻳﺞ ﺧﺮﺩﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ )ﺳﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺯ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﻳﺎ ﮔﻼﺑﻰ ﻭ‪(...‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺳﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﺰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﮕﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺎﺭ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺗﻘﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺧﺮﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﮕﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﺁﻟﻮ‪ ،‬ﺁﺏ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺕ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ‬
‫‪3 -4‬‬ ‫‪2 -4‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺕ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺸﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﺧﺸﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺧﺸﻜﺒﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﺧﺸﻚ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﻤﺶ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﺁﻟﻮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﺳــﻪ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺷــﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺁﺏ ﺍﻧﮕﻮﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻮﻡ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﺳﺖ ﻛﻢﭼﺮﺏ )ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 2/5‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ(‬
‫ﻳﺎ ‪ 45‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 60‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﭘﻨﻴﺮ )ﻳﻚ ﻭﻧﻴﻢ ﻗﻮﻃﻰ ﻛﺒﺮﻳﺖ ﭘﻨﻴﺮ(‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﺷــﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﭘﻨﻴﺮ‪،‬‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﺸﻚ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫‪3 -4‬‬ ‫‪2 -3‬‬
‫ﺑﺴﺘﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻍ ﻭ ﻛﺸﻚ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺎ ‪ 2‬ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﻍ‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻭﻧﻴﻢ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺴﺘﻨﻰ ﭘﺎﺳﺘﻮﺭﻳﺰﻩ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ ﺩﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎ‬

‫‪ 60‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ )ﻳﺎ ﺩﻭ ﺗﻜﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﺘﻰ( ﻟﺨﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻰﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ ﺍﻋﻢ ﺍﺯ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﮔﻮﺷﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ )ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺳﺎﻳﺰ ﺩﻭ ﺗﻜﻪ ﺟﻮﺟﻪﻛﺒﺎﺑﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺩﻭ ﻗﻮﻃﻰ ﻛﺒﺮﻳﺖ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ(‬
‫)ﮔﻮﺳﻔﻨﺪ ﻭ ﮔﻮﺳﺎﻟﻪ(‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺷﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ )ﻣﺮﻍ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺮﻍ )ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ(‬
‫ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻧــﺪﮔﺎﻥ( ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ )ﻧﺨﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ‪ 60‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﭘﺨﺘﻪﺷﺪﻩ )ﻛﻒ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻧﮕﺸﺖ(‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2 -3‬‬
‫ﺍﻧــﻮﺍﻉ ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋــﺪﺱ ﻭ ﻟﭙــﻪ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺩﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﺩﻭ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‬
‫)ﮔﺮﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺩﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺪﻕ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺩﺍﻡﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻮﻡ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ )ﮔﺮﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺩﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺪﻕ‪ ،‬ﭘﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺨﻤﻪ(‬
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‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬

‫‪ (1‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺞ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺎﻛﺎﺭﻭﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺭﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻏﻼﺕ ﺻﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻭ ﻓﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺗﻬﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻏﻼﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ )ﺏ( ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻢ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪..‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺨﻤﻴﺮ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﺳﺒﻮﺱﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤ ًﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﻮﺱﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻨﮕﻚ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺑﻬﺘــﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺩﻣﻰ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﻏــﻼﺕ ﻭ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﻋﺪﺱﭘﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎﭘﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪﺳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻙ ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻏﻼﺕ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺰﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻫﻀﻢ ﻭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻧﺸﺎﺳﺘﻪﺍﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻤﻰ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰﺗﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﺗﺎ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰﺗﺮﻯ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻧﮕﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺿﻌﻒ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ (2‬ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺮگﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻫﻮﻳﺞ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺩﻣﺠﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻧﺨﻮﺩ ﺳــﺒﺰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻛﺪﻭ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺭچ‪ ،‬ﺧﻴﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻛﺮﻓﺲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺭﻳﻮﺍﺱ ﻭ ﺳﺒﺰﻳﺠﺎﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﺁ‪ ،‬ﺏ‪ ،‬ﺙ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺘﺎﺳﻴﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﻴﺰﻳﻢ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﻓﻴﺒﺮ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺘﻰ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ‪ 4-5‬ﺳﻬﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ‬
‫‪‬ﺳــﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻜﻞ ﺧﺎﻡ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺷﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺿﺪ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻰ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺳﺒﺰﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﻫﻮﺍ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﭘﺨﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺁﺏ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻦ ﺁﺏ ﺁﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺳــﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳــﺒﺰﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﻮ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﻫﻮﻳﺞ( ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫)ﻫﻮﻳﺞ‪ ،‬ﻧﺨﻮﺩﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﺳﺒﺰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺪﻭ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ (3‬ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺁﺏ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺕ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺸﻚ )ﺧﺸﻜﺒﺎﺭ( ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ‪ 3-4‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ‬

‫‪‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺸﻚ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﺸﻤﺶ‪ ،‬ﺧﺮﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺕ ﺧﺸﻚ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﺧﺸﻚ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﻫﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﺯﺭﺩﺁﻟﻮ‪،‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﺁﻟﻮﻯ ﺧﺸﻚ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻓﻴﺒﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤ ًﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ ﻣﻴﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪44‬‬

‫‪ (4‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﻠﺴــﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴــﻔﺮ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ‪ A‬ﻭ ‪ B2‬ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻥﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥﻫﺎ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﭘﻨﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴــﺘﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻍ ﻭ ﻛﺸﻚ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ‪ 3-4‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬

‫‪‬ﺷﻴﺮ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻓﺮﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻛﺸــﻚ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﺴــﻴﻢ ﻭ ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺸﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﺮﺱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺁﺵ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺩﻣﺠﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺣﺘﻤ ًﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻚ ﭘﺎﺳﺘﻮﺭﻳﺰﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪ 20‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻚ ﭘﺎﺳﺘﻮﺭﻳﺰﻩ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻛﻤﻰ ﺁﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺸﻚ ﻭ ﺭﻗﻴﻖ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ‪ 20‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﺠﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻔﺦ ﻭ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺷﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﭘﻨﻴﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬

‫‪ (5‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻼﺣﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﮔﻮﺷﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ )ﮔﻮﺳﻔﻨﺪ ﻭ‬
‫ﮔﻮﺳﺎﻟﻪ(‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺷﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ )ﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ( ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ )ﻧﺨﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪﺱ ﻭ ﻟﭙﻪ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺩﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎ )ﮔﺮﺩﻭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﺩﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺪﻕ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺩﺍﻡﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﺣﺪﻭﺩﺍً ‪ 3‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ‬

‫‪‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﻍ ﻳﺎ ﺟﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﺒﺎﺑﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺁﺏ ﭘﺰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﻮﻳﺞ‪ ،‬ﻧﺨﻮﺩﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺐﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﻔﻨﺎﺝ‪،‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﻛﺪﻭ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﺳﺒﺰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺮﻓﺲ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺒﺰﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﻮپ ﻣﺮﻍ ﻭ ﺟﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺎﻫﻰﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺍ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﭼﺮﺏ ﺍﻣﮕﺎ ‪ 3‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻮﺍﻯ ﺫﻫﻨﻰ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﻧﺪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﺒﺎﺑﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺨﺎﺭﭘﺰ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻓﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺘﻴﻞ ﺟﻴﻮﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻌﻀﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﻫﻰﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﺗﻦ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺴﺮﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺎﻫﻰﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺭﺩﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻗﺰﻝﺁﻻ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﻫﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﻭﺭﺷﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻴﻮﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤ ًﺎ ﺑﺠﺎﻯ ﺳــﺮﺥ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺷــﻜﻞ ﻛﺒﺎﺏ ﭘﺰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﭘﺰ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺮﺥﺷــﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻥ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺮﺥ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ )ﺁﻥ ﻫﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺳــﺮﺥ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﻰ( ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﺮﺥ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﺯ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤ ًﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺁﺏ ﭘﺰ ﻭ ﺳﻔﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺯﺭﺩﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺧﺎﻡ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 4-5‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻃﻴﻮﺭ)ﻣﺮﻍ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻃﻰ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺟﮕﺮ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﺑﺎﻗﻴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﺴﻤﻮﻣﻴﺖ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪ A‬ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﭘﺴــﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺩﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺪﻕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺧﻮﺏ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤ ًﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺧﺎﻡ ﻭ‬
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‫ﻛﻢ ﻧﻤﻚ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
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‫‪ (6‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻳﻚ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻗﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﭼﺮﺑﻰﻫﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺷﻜﺮ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻨﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﻏﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻚ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﺳﺲ ﻣﺎﻳﻮﻧﺰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺮﺑﺎﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺎﺯﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺗﺮﺷﻰﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﻪ‬
‫‪‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻧﻤﻚ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺨﺖ ﺣﺘﻤ ًﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﺪﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻧﻤﻚ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻢ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭﻟﻰ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻳﺪﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﻚﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﻧﻪ ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﻧﻤﻚ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﻭ‪ ....‬ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﻧﻤﻚﻫﺎ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻧﺎﺧﺎﻟﺼﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻣﻰﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﻚ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻧﻤﻜﺪﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻔﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺮ ﻣﻴﺰ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﺮﺏ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻏﻦﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﺮﺏ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻥ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻳﻚ ﻗﺎﺷﻖ ﻏﺬﺍﺧﻮﺭﻯ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻻﺩ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﻣﮕﺎ ‪ 3‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﭼﺮﺑﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮﺍﺷﺒﺎﻉ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺰﻭ ﭼﺮﺑﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﻣﮕﺎ ‪ 3‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﮔﺮﺩﻭ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺠﺎﺯ‬

‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺯﻳﺎﻥﺑﺨﺶ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﺴﺒﻰ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺠﺎﺯ‬

‫‪‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻢ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ )ﻗﻬﻮﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﻩ ﺭﻧﮓ( ﻭ ﺗﺌﻴﻦ )ﭼﺎﻯ( ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻙ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﮔﻴﺎﻫــﻰ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭼﺎﻯ ﻧﻌﻨﺎﻉ ﻳــﺎ ﮔﻞ ﮔﺎﻭﺯﺑﺎﻥ( ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ‬‫‪‬‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﻮﺷﻴﺪﻧﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﻼﻡ ﺣﺮﺍﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻏﻴﺮﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕ ﻋﻘﻼﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺷﻰ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻭ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ )‪ (Fetal Alcohol Syndrome‬ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺷــﻜﻼﺕ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻛﻤﻰ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﺗﺌﻮﺑﺮﻭﻣﻴﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﺴــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ ﺷــﺒﻴﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺩﺧﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺩﺧﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ‬‫‪‬‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺣﺪﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻭﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺩﻭﺩ ﺳﻴﮕﺎﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﺑﺎ ”ﻟﻴﺴﺘﺮﻳﺎ“ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺳﻘﻂ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻋﻤﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻨﮋﻳﺖ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻟﻴﺴﺘﺮﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺭﮔﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻙ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺳــﺒﺰﻳﺠﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺷﻴﺮ ﺧﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﻭﺩﻯ‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻛﺒﺎﺏ ﻛﻮﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮﺏ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﭘﻨﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺮﻡ ﻭ ﮔﻮﺷﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻳﺨﭽﺎﻝ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺁﺑﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺏ ﺁﺷﺎﻣﻴﺪﻧﻰ ﺷﺴﺘﺸﻮ ﻭ ﺿﺪ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻰ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ‬

‫ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ‪ :‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻰ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻃﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﺎ ‪ 15‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬
‫ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 10‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻰ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺯ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ 340 -360‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ ‪ 112‬ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ )ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ‪ 3‬ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ(‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻧــﺮژﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘــﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺐ ﻛﺘﻮﻥ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻫﻮﺷﻰ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺸــﺎﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ % 10 -15 :‬ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦﻫﺎ‪-60 ،‬‬
‫‪ %55‬ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺍﺕﻫﺎ ﻭ ‪ %25-30‬ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺮﺑﻰﻫﺎ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ :12‬ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ‪ :‬ﺟﻴﺮﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬

‫ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ‬
‫‪ 14-18‬ﺳﺎﻟﮕﻰ ‪ 19-50‬ﺳﺎﻟﮕﻰ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ‪ 6‬ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ‪+330‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪+10‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪+340‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ )ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ(*‬
‫ﺩﺭ ‪ 6‬ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪+400‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪+452‬‬
‫‪71‬‬ ‫‪71‬‬ ‫‪46‬‬ ‫‪46‬‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ )ﮔﺮﻡ(‬
‫‪500‬‬ ‫‪600‬‬ ‫‪400‬‬ ‫‪400‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ )ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﮔﺮﻡ(‬
‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ > ( ‪9‬‬
‫‪27‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫ﺁﻫﻦ )ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ(‬
‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ ≤( ‪10‬‬
‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ > ( ‪1300‬‬ ‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ > ( ‪770‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪) A‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﮔﺮﻡ‬
‫‪700‬‬ ‫‪700‬‬
‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ ≤( ‪1200‬‬ ‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ ≤( ‪750‬‬ ‫‪(RE‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪) D‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﮔﺮﻡ(‬
‫‪19‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪) E‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ(‬
‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ > ( ‪120‬‬ ‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ > ( ‪85‬‬
‫‪75‬‬ ‫‪60‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪) C‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ(‬
‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ ≤( ‪115‬‬ ‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ ≤( ‪80‬‬
‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ > ( ‪1000‬‬ ‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ > ( ‪1000‬‬
‫‪1000‬‬ ‫‪1300‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ )ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ(‬
‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ ≤( ‪1300‬‬ ‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ ≤( ‪1300‬‬
‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ > ( ‪12‬‬ ‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ > ( ‪11‬‬
‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻯ )ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ(‬
‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ ≤( ‪13‬‬ ‫)‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻝ ≤( ‪12‬‬
‫‪1/6‬‬ ‫‪1/4‬‬ ‫‪1/1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺒﻮ ﻓﻼﻭﻳﻦ )ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ(‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1/9‬‬ ‫‪1/3‬‬ ‫‪1/2‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺮﻳﺪﻭﻛﺴﻴﻦ )ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ(‬
‫‪290‬‬ ‫‪250‬‬ ‫‪150‬‬ ‫‪150‬‬ ‫ﻳﺪ )ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﮔﺮﻡ(‬

‫* ﻧﻮﺟﻮﺍﻧﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 20‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺳﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫* ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭼﻨﺪﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻧﻰ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪47‬‬

‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻏﺬﺍﻯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺨﻮﺭﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒ ًﺎ ﻧﻤﻰﺩﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﭼﻪ ﻗﺪﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺨﻮﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﻏﻠﻂ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ "ﺯﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻔﺮ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺑﺨﻮﺭﺩ"‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻔﺮ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎ ًﻻ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ‬
‫ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ :13‬ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬
‫‪ 100‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺁﺟﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻛﻒ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺑﺮﻯ‬
‫‪650‬‬ ‫‪80‬‬ ‫ﻧﺼﻒ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ‬ ‫‪80‬‬
‫)ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ(‬ ‫)ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺣﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻧﮕﺸﺘﺎﻥ(‬
‫‪60‬‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻗﺎﺷﻖ ﻏﺬﺍﺧﻮﺭﻯ ﻋﺴﻞ‬ ‫‪75‬‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻗﻮﻃﻰ ﻛﺒﺮﻳﺖ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‬ ‫‪75‬‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻗﻮﻃﻰ ﻛﺒﺮﻳﺖ ﭘﻨﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻣﻼﻗﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﺖ ﻗﻮﺭﻣﻪ‬
‫‪200‬‬ ‫‪120‬‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﺳﺖ‬ ‫‪120‬‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺰﻯ ﻳﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬
‫ﺳﻪ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺑﻴﺴﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ‬
‫‪80‬‬ ‫‪60‬‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻋﺪﺩ ﭘﺮﺗﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪60‬‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺳﻴﺐ‬
‫ﻃﻼﻳﻰ‬
‫‪990‬‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﻞ‬ ‫‪335‬‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﻞ‬ ‫‪335‬‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﻞ‬

‫ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕ‪ :‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕﻫﺎ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻣﻐﺰ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ‪ ،‬ﮔﻠﺒﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬
‫ﻭ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻭﻻﻯ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ gr/day 17-26‬ﺗﺨﻤﻴﻦ ﺯﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 175 gr‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﭼﺮﺑـﻰ‪ :‬ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﻠــﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﺗﻨﻮﺋﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ‬
‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺷــﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭ )ﻃﻰ ‪ 2‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ( ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ )‪) DHA(1‬ﺩﻭ ﻛﻮﺯﺍﻫﮕﺰﺍﻧﻮﺋﻴﺪ(‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﺳــﻴﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﺮﺏ ﺍﻣﮕﺎ ‪ 3‬ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻦ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﺍﻣﮕﺎ ‪ 3‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﺮﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ )ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ‪ 4‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﭼﺮﺏ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ(‪.‬‬

‫ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ‪ :‬ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﻭ ﺁﺷــﻜﺎﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ‬
‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻭ ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﺳﻠﻮﻝ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ‪ 0/66‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯﺍﻯ ﻫﺮ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ‪71‬‬
‫ﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﻨﺪﻗﻠﻮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻫﺮ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ‪ 25‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻴﺒﺮ‪ :‬ﻓﻴﺒﺮ ﺑﺨﺸــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻛﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻥ ﻫﻀﻢ‬
‫ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ُﭘﺮﻓﻴﺒﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻴﺮ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻭ ﺧﺼﻮﺻ ًﺎ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻓﻴﺒﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺣﺠﻴﻢ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﺪﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺭﺍﺣﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮ ﻣﺪﻓﻮﻉ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻳﺒﻮﺳﺖ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬

‫‪1. Docosa Hexaenoic Acid.‬‬

‫‪48‬‬

‫ﺍﺣﺘﻤــﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺩﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳــﺮﻃﺎﻥ ﻛﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺍﺳــﻴﺮ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﻓﻴﺒﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺟﺬﺏ‬
‫ﻛﻠﺴــﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﻭ ﻗﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﻛﻠﺴــﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﻭ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﻠﺒﻰ‪ -‬ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻰ‬
‫ﻭ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﻮﺱﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻏﻼﺕ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺰﻳﺠﺎﺕ ﺑﺮگ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻭ ﺯﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻭ ﺧﺸﻚ ﺟﻬﺖ‬
‫ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻓﻴﺒﺮ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸــﻮﻳﻖ ﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷــﺪﻩ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻓﻴﺒﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪ 28 gr/d‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﺋﺰ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺧﺎﺻﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﻀﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﻟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻴﺎﻣﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﺒﻮﻓﻼﻭﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺳـﻴﻦ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺷــﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﻭ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻪ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴﻢ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻏﻼﺕ ﺳﺒﻮﺱﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬

‫ﭘﻴﺮﻳﺪﻭﻛﺴﻴﻦ )‪ :(B6‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ B6‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 1/9 mg/d‬ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ‪0/6 mg/d‬‬
‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻏﻴﺮﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ‬
‫ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﻧﻴﺎﺳﻴﻦ )ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ‪ (B‬ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﻳﭙﺘﻮﻓﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ :B12‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻰ ﻭ ﺧﻮﻥﺳﺎﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻧﺪﻛﻰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ B12‬ﺧﺼﻮﺻ ًﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺎﻩﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻮﻻﺕ )ﺍﺳـﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ(‪ :‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳــﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﮔﻠﺒﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺷﻜﻞﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﺼﺒــﻰ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴــﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ ﺧﺼﻮﺻ ًﺎ ﻧﻘﺺ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺯﺍﺩﻯ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ )‪ NTD(1‬ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ‪ ،NTD‬ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ ﺩﺭ ‪ 28‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 30‬ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺴــﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ )ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ( ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﻳﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻰ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺷــﺮﻭﻉ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﻨﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺁﺭﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻏﻨﻰﺷﺪﻩ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ‪ NTD‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪﺍﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﻴﮕﺎﺭﻯ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﺨﺪﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻛﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺿﺪ ﺗﺸــﻨﺞ )ﻣﺜﻞ ﻓﻨﻰ ﺗﻮﺋﻴﻦ( ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻭﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻮءﺟﺬﺏ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪1. Neural Tube Defect‬‬

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‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ :A‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ A‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ‪ 770‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﮔﺮﻡ ﻳﺎ ‪ 2564‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ )‪ (IU‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﺗﻴﻨﻮﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺳــﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ A‬ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﻨﺪ ﻧﺎﻑ ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻼ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻋﻤﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺳــﺮ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳــﺎﺩ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪A‬ﻣﺜ ً‬
‫ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 30000IU‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻙ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ A‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻛﻨﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺟﻨﻴﻨﻰ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫‪ A‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﺮﺗﺐ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ﺟﮕﺮ(‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻗﺖ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ : D‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ D‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺷــﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﻣﺸــﺎﺑﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻭ ﻓﺴــﻔﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺵ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ ،D‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻐﺰ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺷﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ D‬ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﻯ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴــﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ D‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻴﭙﻮﻛﻠﺴــﻤﻰ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩﻯ ﻭ ﻫﻴﭙﻮﭘﻼﺯﻯ ﻣﻴﻨﺎﻯ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺭ ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺧﻮﺭﺷــﻴﺪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ D‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ‪ 10‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺎ ﻭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﻧﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ‪ 4‬ﺫﻛﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺮﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺿﺪ ﺁﻓﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ D‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ‪ :‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﺩﺳــﺘﻪ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﺰﻣﻐﺬﻯﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ‪ :‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ‪ 1000 mg‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﺟﺰﺋﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮ ًﻻ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 15 mg‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺯﻳﺴﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ )ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻥ(‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ‪ :‬ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪99 .‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻳﻚ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻘﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻛﻠﺴــﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺳــﻠﻮﻟﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺳــﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﻜﻰ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒ ًﺎ ‪ 30‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﻛﻠﺴــﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ‪ 25‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳــﻜﻠﺖ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ‬
‫ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﻜﻠﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎ ًﻻ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ‬
‫ﺟﻨﻴﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺘﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺁﻫﻦ‪ :‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮔﻠﺒﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺧﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮ ﻭ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺒﺪﻯ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻫﻦ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻨــﺪﺭﺕ ﺍﺗﻔــﺎﻕ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺘﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮژﻳــﻚ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻃﺒﻖ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ )ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ(‪ .‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺎﻩﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 1/8‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺷﺐ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺷــﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎﻯ ﻳﺎ ﻗﻬﻮﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺗﺪﺍﺧﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻮﺷــﻴﺪﻧﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﺳــﻴﺪ ﺍﺳــﻜﻮﺭﺑﻴﻚ )ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺙ( ﻣﺜﻼً ﺁﺏ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﻤﻞﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 60‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯﺍﻯ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭﺯ‪ ،‬ﺁﻫﻦ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺗﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻰ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺑﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺁﻫﻦ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻰ »ﻫِﻢ« )‪ (Heme‬ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ »ﻫِﻢ« ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺁﻫﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻧﻰ ‪ 40‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ »ﻫِﻢ« ﻭ ‪ 60‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ »ﻏﻴﺮ ﻫِﻢ« ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻰ ‪ %100‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺟﺬﺏ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻫﻢ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻧﺪﻛﻰ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻭ ﺗﺮﺷﺤﺎﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺵ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ‪ %20-%30‬ﻫﻢ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ؛ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺟﺬﺏ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻫﻢ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺁﻥ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ %5-%8‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺁﻫﻦ‬
‫)ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻏﻼﺕ ﻭ ﺳــﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﺒﺰ ﺑﺮگ ﺗﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺟﻌﻔﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﻭ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ( ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺙ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ‪2‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 3‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳـﺪ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴــﻢ ﺑــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻳــﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻘﺐﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺫﻫﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﭙﻮﺗﻴﺮﻭﺋﻴﺪﻯ ﻭ ﮔﻮﺍﺗﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺷــﺪﻳﺪ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺮﺗﻴﻨﻴﺴــﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻳﺪ ﻓﻘﻴﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﻚ ﻳﺪﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ )ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﻢ( ﺩﺭ ﻃﺒﺦ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺭﻭﻯ‪ :‬ﺭﻭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻮﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺳــﻠﻮﻟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 300‬ﺁﻧﺰﻳﻢ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺭﻭﻯ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩﺷــﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳــﻜﻠﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺘﺞ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻥ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺭﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺮﻋﺖ ﭘﻴﺸــﺮﻓﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺗﺮﺍﺗﻮژﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺯﺍﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺭﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺳــﻄﺢ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺳــﻮء ﺑﺮ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫‪ A‬ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺯﻧــﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﻯ ‪ 2/5‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟــﺪ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 2000‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺯﻳﺮ ‪ 19‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻯ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻁ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﻮﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺭﻭﻯ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺣﻔﻆ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺍﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻏﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻛﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻴﺎﻩﺧﻮﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺎ ‪ %50‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻓﺸــﺎﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺯﻭﺩﺭﺱ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻧﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﮔــﺮ ﭼــﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﺮﺍﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﻭﻟﻰ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ؛ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨــﺎﺏ ﻣــﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﭘﺮﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻕ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭ‬
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‫ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ )ﻻﻏﺮ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻳﺎ ﭼﺎﻕ(‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﭼﺎﻕ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﭼﺎﻕ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻋﻠﻞ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺫﻳﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻧﺸﺎﺳــﺘﻪﺍﻯ )ﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺞ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﻧﻰ(‪ ،‬ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﺮﺏ ﻭ‬
‫ﺳﺮﺥﺷــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﭼﻴﭙﺲ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺐﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ ﺳــﺮﺥﻛﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺬﺍﻯ ﻓﻮﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﻨﺪﻯ )ﻛﻮﻻﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺁﺏ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ‬
‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ(‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﻭ ﺷﻜﻼﺕ‬
‫‪ ‬ﻛﻢﺗﺤﺮﻛﻰ ﻭ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﻰ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﺩﻡ ﻭ ﺍﺣﺘﺒﺎﺱ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻯ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﻩ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ‬

‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻕ)‪ BMI‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪(25‬‬
‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑــﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻳﺎ ﭼﺎﻕ ﻳﺎ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ‪ BMI‬ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 25‬ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴــﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺫﻳﻞ ﺯﻳﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻕ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﭘُﺮﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﺁﺑﻨﺒﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﭼﻴﺲ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺑﻪ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻛﺎﻫــﺶ ﻣﺼــﺮﻑ ﭼﺮﺑﻰﻫﺎ )ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﭘﺨﺖ ﻏﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻜﻞ ﺁﺏﭘﺰ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺨﺎﺭﭘﺰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺏ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﻛﻢﭼﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻗﻨﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﺳﺘﻪﺍﻯ‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻨﻰ‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻓﻴﺒﺮ‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫‪ .7‬ﺗﺤﺮﻙ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻋﻴﺖ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﺥ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰﺍﻻﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻃﺒﺦ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺁﺏ ﭘﺰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﺎﺭﭘﺰ ﻭ ﻛﺒﺎﺑﻰ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺣﺬﻑ ﭼﺮﺑﻰﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺮﻩ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺭﮔﺎﺭﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﺷﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﻧﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﭼﺮﺑﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺭﻭﻳﺖ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﻭ‬
‫ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻣﺮﻍ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺒﺦ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻛﻢﭼﺮﺏ )ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 2/5‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ( ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﭘﺮﭼﺮﺏ‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻨﻰﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺳﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﭼﺮﺏ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺗﻨﻮﺭﻯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻍ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺳﺮﺥ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ )ﺳﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﺮﻍ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪(.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺁﺏ ﭘﺰ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻥ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ )ﺑﺎ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﻣﻼﻳﻢ(‬
‫‪ .7‬ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻠﻪﭘﺎﭼﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﻮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺳﻴﺲ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺘﺰﺍ‬
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‫‪ .8‬ﺗﻔﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺏ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﻛﻢﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺁﺏ ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ‬

‫‪ .9‬ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﺲﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﺮﺏ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻳﻮﻧﺰ ﻭ ﺳﺲﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺳﺎﻻﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺲ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ )ﻣﺎﺳﺖ ﻛﻢﭼﺮﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﻰ ﻧﻤﻚ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺁﺏ ﻟﻴﻤﻮ ﻳﺎ ﺁﺏ ﻧﺎﺭﻧﺞ( ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺳﺲ ﻣﺎﻳﻮﻧﺰ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .10‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻥ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻭ ﺩﻧﺒﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﭼﺮﺥ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ‬
‫‪ .11‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺐﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ ﺁﺏ ﭘﺰ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻨﻮﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺳﺮﺥﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬
‫‪ .12‬ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺯﺭﺩﻩ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ )ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺠﺰﺍ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻛﻮﻛﻮ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻠﺖ(‬
‫‪ .13‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻨﻘﻼﺕ ﭘﺮﭼﺮﺏ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﭼﻴﭙﺲ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺮﺍﺷﻜﻰ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﻼﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ‬
‫‪ .14‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﻧﭽﺴﺐ )ﺗﻔﻠﻮﻥ( ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺒﺦ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ‬

‫ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻟﻴــﻞ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﻤــﻪ ﭼﺮﺑﻰﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻏﻦﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺏ( ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻗﻨﺪﻯ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﻭ ﺷﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ )ﻧﺎﻥ ﻗﻨﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﻣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻚ ﻭ‪ (....‬ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺷﻜﻼﺕ ﻭ ﺁﺏ ﻧﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺩﻭﻍ ﻛﻢﻧﻤﻚ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺎﺯﺩﺍﺭ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺳﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﻫﻠﻮ ﻭ ﮔﻼﺑﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻗﻨﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ . 5‬ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺕ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺕ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺰﻝ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺗﻜﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﻤﻰ ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺷــﻜﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﺠﻮﺷــﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻳﺨﭽﺎﻝ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ . 6‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﻤﺶ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻮﺕ ﺧﺸﻚ )ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﻢ( ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﻗﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺷﻜﺮ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﭼﺎﻯ‪.‬‬

‫ﺝ( ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ‬

‫‪ -1‬ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﻧﻰ )ﺑﻪ ‪ 7‬ﺳﻬﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ(‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺷﺎﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -3‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﻮﺱﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺎﻧﺘﺰﻯ‪ .‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﺳﻨﮕﻚ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺳﺒﻮﺱ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -4‬ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍ‬
‫‪ -5‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻙﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺷﺎﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -6‬ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺳــﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﻴﻔﻰﻫﺎ )ﻛﺎﻫﻮ‪ ،‬ﺧﻴﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻮﻳﺞ( ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﭘﻨﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺴﻜﻮﺋﻴﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻛﻴﻚ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩ( ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻨﻰ‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺯﻳﺮ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺮﻍ ﺁﺏ ﭘﺰ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺒﺎﺑﻰ‬
 ‫‪53‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬

‫‪ .3‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﭘﺰ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺒﺎﺏ ﺷــﺪﻩ )ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮔﻮﺷــﺖ ﺳــﻔﻴﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﻍ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ(‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻛﻢﭼﺮﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺎﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﭘﻨﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﻚ‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ )ﻋﺪﺱ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺵ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻗﻼ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻏﻼﺕ ﻣﺜ ً‬
‫ﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻜﻞ ﻋﺪﺱﭘﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎﭘﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪﺳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻙ ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ‪ .‬ﺯﺭﺩﻩ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻛﻠﺴــﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺳﻔﻴﺪﻩ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻰ‬ ‫‪ .6‬ﺳــﻔﻴﺪﻩ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﻛﺎﻣ ً‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﺎﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫـ ( ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻓﻴﺒﺮ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺳﺒﺰﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻻﺩ )ﻛﺎﻫﻮ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺧﻴﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻫﻮﻳﺞ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﺩﻟﻤﻪﺍﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻭ‪(....‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻏﺬﺍ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤ ًﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺸﻜﺒﺎﺭ )ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﺯﺭﺩﺁﻟﻮ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﻤﺶ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﻭ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ )ﻫﻮﻳﺞ‪ ،‬ﮔﻞ ﻛﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﺧﻴﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ )ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪﺱ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺵ ﻭ ﻧﺨﻮﺩ( ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺳﻮپﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺁﺵﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻋﺪﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻙ ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺧﻮﺭﺵﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﻮ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺟﻌﻔﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻢ ﻭ ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﺩﻟﻤﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻧﺪﻭﻳﭻﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻰ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ )ﺑﺎﻗﻼﭘﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻢﭘﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎﭘﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺰﻯﭘﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺧﻴﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺒﺰﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺳﻮپﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺁﺵﻫﺎ(‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﻮﺱﺩﺍﺭ )ﻧﺎﻥ ﺳﻨﮕﻚ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﺟﻮ( ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺭﺩ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻟﻮﺍﺵ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺑﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻓﺎﻧﺘﺰﻯ‬

‫ﻭ( ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﺷــﺘﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﺧﻮﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﺫﻳﻞ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﻰ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺑﺨﻮﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﭘﻨﺞ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﻫﺎﺭ ﻳﺎ ﺷﺎﻡ ﻳﻚ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﺏ ﺑﻨﻮﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﻻﺩ )ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺳﺲ ﻣﺎﻳﻮﻧﺰ( ﻣﻴﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺳﻌﻰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻏﺬﺍ )ﺻﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻫﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻡ( ﺭﺍ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻧﻜﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻧﺎﭼﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻩﺧﻮﺍﺭﻯ)‪ (1‬ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺷﺪ‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺳﺮ ﺳﻔﺮﻩ ﻏﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻣﻴﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻭ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﻏﺬﺍ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻛﻮﭼﻚﺗﺮﻯ ﺑﻜﺸﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺑﺨﻮﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺭﻳﺰﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﺭﻱ‪ :‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﺮﺭ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻲ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻘﻼﺕ‬
‫‪54‬‬

‫‪ .8‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺩﻳﺪ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .9‬ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻳــﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺼــﺮﻑ ﺗﻨﻘﻼﺕ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﻢﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻗﻨﺪﻯ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻧﻮﺷــﺎﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﭼﻴﭙﺲ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪....‬‬
‫ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .10‬ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﻭ ﺷﻜﻼﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺰﻝ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .11‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺑﻼﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺳﻔﺮﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺮﻙ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .12‬ﻏﺬﺍ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﻣﻴﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .13‬ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﺥ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺳﺮﺥ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .14‬ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﺁﺟﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺗﺨﻤﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻻﻏﺮ)‪ BMI‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪(18/5‬‬

‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ‬
‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺧﻄﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻻﻏﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺯﻧــﺎﻥ ﻻﻏــﺮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺑــﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓــﺖ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﮔﺮ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻻﻏﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺩﻻﻳﻞ ﻻﻏﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﻭ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻻﻳﻞ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﻢﺍﺷﺘﻬﺎﻳﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻻﻳﻞ ﻻﻏﺮﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻭ ﺭﻓﺘــﺎﺭ ﻏﺬﺍﻳــﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺷــﻴﻮﻩ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻻﻏﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻯ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺗﻬﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ‪ ،‬ﻛﻢﺍﺷــﺘﻬﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺟﺬﺏ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻻﻏﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻻﻏﺮ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻧﻰ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻻﻏﺮ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ؛ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﺻﺮﻑ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺸــﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﻭ ﺁﻣــﻮﺯﺵ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺭژﻳــﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳــﻖ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧــﺮژﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘﻰ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬
‫ﻳﺎﺑﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﻮﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ )ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯﺯﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻗﻨﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﺸﺎﺳﺘﻪﺍﻯ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ( ﻭ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻏﺬﺍ‬
‫)ﺍﺿﺎﻓــﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﮔﻮﺷــﺖ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻧــﻮﺍﻉ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺰﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ(‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬
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‫ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ )ﭘﺴﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺩﺍﻡ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﻭ(‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴﺘﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻓﺮﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻻﻏﺮ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﺮﻏﻢ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸــﺎﻭﺭ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭﻧﺪ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ‬
‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨــﮓ(‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﻭ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺧﺎﻧــﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬
‫ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻢﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺧﻴﺮﻳﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺗﺎ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ )ﻣﻘﻮﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ( ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﺴﻞ‪ ،‬ﺧﺮﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮﻩ ﺍﻧﮕﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﻩ ﺧﺮﻣﺎ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺩﻭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﺴﻜﻮﻳﺖ )ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤ ًﺎ ﺳﺒﻮﺱﺩﺍﺭ( ﻛﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻮﭼﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﭘﻨﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺐﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﻏﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﻧﻰ‪ .‬ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻻﻏﺮ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺗﺎ ‪ 11‬ﺳﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ‪ 330‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻳﺎ ‪ 770‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ )ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 6‬ﻛﻔﮕﻴﺮ( ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺐﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ .5‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﻧﺎﻫﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺴﺘﻨﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺎﺳﺘﻮﺭﻳﺰﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ )ﺍﻧﮕﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺧﺮﺑﺰﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺠﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﺧﺮﻣﺎ( ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺧﺸﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ‬
‫‪ .7‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﭘﺮﭼﺮﺏ )ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺳﺖ ﭘﺮﭼﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﭘﻨﻴﺮ ﺧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ ﻛﺸﻚ(‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﺮﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬
‫‪ .9‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺳﺎﻻﺩ‬
‫‪ .10‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﺮﺷﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻣﻪ ﻭ ﻛﺮﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺻﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫‪ .11‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻠﻢ ﮔﻮﺳﻔﻨﺪ ﻭ ﮔﺎﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺒﺦ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ‬

‫ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ )ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ(‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ )ﻣﺎﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﭘﻨﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﻚ ﻭ ﺑﺴﺘﻨﻰ(‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ‬
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‫ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷــﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﭘﻨﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺑﺴﺘﻨﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ )ﺑﻴﺴﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﭘﻨﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮﺑﺮﻧﺞ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻧﻰ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ(‪ .‬ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻻﻏﺮ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺗﺎ ‪ 4‬ﺳﻬﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺩﻭﻍ ﻛﻢﻧﻤﻚ ﻭ ﻏﻠﻴﻆ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻚ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺁﺵ ﻛﺸﻚ‪ ،‬ﺁﺵ ﺩﻭﻍ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﻚ ﺑﺎﺩﻣﺠﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻬﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﮔﻮﺷﺖﻫﺎ )ﻛﺘﻠﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﺒﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺧﻮﺭﺵ ﻭ‪(....‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ )ﺁﺏ ﭘﺰ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﻤﺮﻭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﻠﺖ(‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻏﺬﺍ )ﻋﺪﺱﭘﻠﻮ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺷﺘﻪﭘﻠﻮ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺎﮔﻴﻨﻪ(‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻬﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ )ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻛﻮﻛﻮ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﻠﺖ ﻭ‪(...‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻬﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ )ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺭﺵﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺁﺵﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻙﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺁﺑﮕﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻙ ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ‪(....‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺧﺸﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ )ﮔﺮﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﭘﺴﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺩﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ (....‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﻫﻮﻳﺞ‪ ،‬ﺧﻴﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﻛﺮﻓﺲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻬﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ )ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺁﺵ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮپ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺭﺵﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﻮﻛﻮﻫﺎ‪(.....‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻻﻏﺮ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻥ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺸﻘﺎﺏ ﺑﺰﺭگﺗﺮ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻧﮕﻰ )ﻫﻮﻳﺞ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﺩﻟﻤﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﺩﺭ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺯﻳﺒﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺭﻭﺯ‪ .‬ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻻﻏﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺘﻤ ًﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺖ‬
‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺟﻠــﺐ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻫﻤﺴــﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﺗﻮﺃﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﻭ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﻣﺮﻩ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺁﻫﻦ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺟﻔﺖ ﻭ‬
‫ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﭻﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮﻉ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ‪ 60‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 120‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺎﻝ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺁﻫﻦ )ﺳــﻮﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻭ ‪ 150‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ()‪ (1‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻴﺸــﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ‬
‫ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ )ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺮگﻭﻣﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺯﻭﺩﺭﺱ‪ ،‬ﺭﺷﺪ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ‬
‫ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻣﺮگﻭﻣﻴﺮ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ( ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ‬

‫‪1. Ferrous Sulfate‬‬

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‫ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 16‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﻻﺳــﻤﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻃﺒﻖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻯ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺿﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻬﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳــﻬﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻳﺒﻮﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻣﻴﻞ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺁﻫﻦ‬
‫ﺷﺐ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﺪ ﻫﻴﭻﮔﺎﻩ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺭﺍ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻣﻌﻤﻮ ًﻻ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺷــﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻟﺒﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎﻯ ﻭ ﻗﻬﻮﻩ ﻭ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻧﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻯ ﻭ ﻗﻬﻮﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻰﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ )ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻴﻨﺮﺍﻝ(‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﺪ؛ ﺧﺼﻮﺻ ًﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻜﺮﺭ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻛﻢ‪ ،‬ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻰﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻤﻮ ًﻻ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬
‫ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ‬
‫ﻳﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻰﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 16‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﺎ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻛﭙﺴﻮﻝ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻰﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻴﻨﺮﺍﻝ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ‬
‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺺ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺯﺍﺩﻯ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺾ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳــﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳــﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺗﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﺳﻔﻨﺎﺝ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﭘﺨﺖ ﺳــﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ )ﻣﺜﻞ‬
‫ﺳــﺒﺰﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ( ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻻﺩ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺎﻫﻮ ﻭ ﺧﻴﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑــﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳــﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺄﻣﻴــﻦ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ :14‬ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻤﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻰ‬

‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ‬

‫ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ‬
‫)ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ(‬

‫ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺳﻮﻓﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 16‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺁﻫﻦ‬

‫ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻗﺮﺹ ﻳﺎ ﻛﭙﺴﻮﻝ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻰﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ‬

‫ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 16‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻰﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻨﺮﺍﻝ‬
‫ﻣﻴﻨﺮﺍﻝ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬

‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪ :1‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺮﺹ ﻳﺎ ﻛﭙﺴﻮﻝ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻰﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ‪ 400‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 16‬ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ‪ :2‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻗﺮﺹ ﻳﺎ ﻛﭙﺴﻮﻝ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻰﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻨﺮﺍﻝ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ‪ 3‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺟﺴــﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺣﻰ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺁﺳــﻴﺐﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻭ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻚ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺟﺴــﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻌﻀ ًﺎ ﺭﻭﺣﻰ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺧﻮﺷﺒﺨﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶﺗﺮﻯ ﮔﻠﻴﺴﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﺴﺘﺮﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺸﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻛﺮﻭﻧﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫• ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 25‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ﻏﻴﺮﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻣﻰﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪.‬‬‫• ‪ 60-40‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﺎﻣ ً‬
‫• ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ »ﺯﻧﺪﺍﻥ« ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦﺗﺮ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ‪ 50‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﻭ ﻛﻢ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﺮﻙ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫• ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫• ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻥﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺭﻓﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺷﺎﺩﺍﺑﻰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬
‫ﻭ ﺧﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻰ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺪﺧﻮﺍﺑﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻰﺧﻮﺍﺑﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺩ ﭘﺸﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻓﺘﮕﻰ ﺳﺎﻕ ﭘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﺒﻮﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻨﮕﻰ ﻧﻔﺲ‬
‫• ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫• ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﻩ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ‬
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‫• ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﺷﻜﻢ ﻭ ﻟﮕﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﮔﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻓﺎﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫• ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻼﺕ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺳﺰﺍﺭﻳﻦ‬
‫• ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺳﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮ ﺑﻼﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫• ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫• ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻁ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‬ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻰﺑﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺧﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﻣﻔﺮﻁ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭﺯﻧﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻛﻮﻟﻪﭘﺸــﺘﻰ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﻀﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﺭﺑﺎﻁﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺸــﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﺶ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺭﺑﺎﻁﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻗﻰﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ‬
‫ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﻰﻛﺸﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺗﺐ‬
‫‪ ‬ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬

‫• ﺷــﻠﻰ ﻟﻴﮕﺎﻣﺎﻧﻬﺎﻯ ﺭﺣﻢ ﻭ ﺷــﻜﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺗﺮﺷﺢ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻥ ﺭﻳﻠﻜﺴــﻴﻦ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﮔﻰ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻝ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺘﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺩﺭﺩ ﺷــﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻟﮕﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﺳــﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﻮﺑﻴﺲ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺣﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺗﻮﺃﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻰ ﺷﻜﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﭘﺴﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺭﺣﻢ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻮﺱ ﻛﻤﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻟﻮﺭﺩﻭﺯ ﭘﻴﺶﺭﻭﻧﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ )‪ (Lumbar Lordosis‬ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺛﻘﻞ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻮﺱ ﻛﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺩﺭﺩ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻛﻤﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻧﻴﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺩﻡ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﻭژﻥ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭژﺳﺘﺮﻭﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺩﺭﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻰ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺭﺯﺷﻰ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﮋﻥﺭﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﻰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﭘﻨﺠﺎﻩ ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﻴﺴــﺖ ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺿﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺿﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺒﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷﺪﺕ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ )‪ ،(Talk Test‬ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺪﺕ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﻓﺸــﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻴﻚ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮﻯ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ‬
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‫ﺣﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﭘﻮﺯﻳﺸﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺍﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺴﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺳﺮﮔﻴﺠﻪ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴــﻢ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‬
‫‪ 39‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻮﻧﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﻍ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻮﺍﻯ ﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﻼ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺗﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫• ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻭﺭﺯﺷﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺴﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺒ ً‬
‫ﭘﺰﺷــﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﻣﺎ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻈﺮ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﻣﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺳﻰ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﭘﻨﺞ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪﺕ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺴﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺎﺯﮔﻰ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ‪ 30‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 60‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﻳﺎ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺴﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪ 60‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩﺭﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺷــﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﻮﮔﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪﺳــﻮﺍﺭﻯ )ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤ ًﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﺑﻰ )‪ ،(aquarobics‬ﺣﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺯﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﺸــﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﻼﺗﺲ ﻭ ﻛﻼﺱﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﺭﺯﺷــﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺩﻭ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻛﺸﺸﻰ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻙ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫• ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺍﺳﻜﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺍﻣﭙﻮﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﻜﻰ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺁﺏ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴﻜﺘﺒﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺐﺳﻮﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ )ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻭ ﺭﺣﻢ ﺑﺰﺭگﺗﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ(‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺧﻄﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ‬
‫ﺛﻘﻞ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺟﻠﻮ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺳﻦ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﮔﻰ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮﻩﺁﻣﻴﺰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫• ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﻩ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺣﺮﻛﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻃﺎﻕﺑﺎﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻬﻠﻮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﺷﻰ ﻭ ﻛﺸﺸﻰ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ )ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ژﻳﻤﻨﺎﺳﺘﻴﻚ( ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﭘﺸﺖ‪ ،‬ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻣﻬﺮﻩﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻭ ﻟﮕﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﺳﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻧﻮﻫﺎ )ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ( ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻛﻒ ﻟﮕﻦ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻃــﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﻛﻒ ﻟﮕﻦ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﻛــﻒ ﻟﮕﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﺷﻜﻢ‬

‫ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﺷــﻜﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺘﻮﻥ ﻣﻬﺮﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻟﮕﻦ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺳــﻨﺘﻰ ﺩﺭﺍﺯ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺴــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻓﺘﻖ ﺷﻜﻢ )‪ (Diastasis recti‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﺪ؛ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﻃﻮﻟﻰ ﺷﻜﻢ ﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻰ‬
‫ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺭﺣﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﻫﺪ ﻭ ﻧﺮﻣﺶ ﺩﺭﺍﺯ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺴــﺖ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺳﻔﺖ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﺶ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﮕﻪﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﭘﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺍﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺸﺖ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ -15‬ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ‬

‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﺨﺘﻰ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ‬
‫ﺣﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ‬

‫ﭘﺎﺭﮔﻰ ﻛﻴﺴﻪ ﺁﺏ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺩ ﻋﻤﻘﻰ ﻛﻢ ﻳﺎ ﭘﻮﺑﻴﺲ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﮕﻰ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺷﻜﻢ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺩﻡ ﺳﺎﻕ ﭘﺎ‬
‫ﺧﻮﻧﺮﻳﺰﻯ ﻭﺍژﻳﻨﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻧﻘﺒﺎﺿﺎﺕ ﺭﺣﻤﻰ‬
‫ﺗﭙﺶ ﻗﻠﺐ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺩ ﻗﻔﺴﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺩﻡ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺳﺮﺩﺭﺩ‬
‫ﺳﺮﮔﻴﺠﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺣﻔﻆ ﻭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻗﻮﺍﻯ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻰ ﻭ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻃﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻰ ﻫﻤﺴــﺮ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺭﺯﺷﻰ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ‬
‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺟﺴــﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻟﺬﺕﺑﺨﺶﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ‬

‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﺳﺘﻦ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

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‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺷﻜﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺷﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﺗﺮﺵ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ )‪(Heart Burn‬‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﺭﺧﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮ ًﻻ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺐﻫﺎ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸــﺖ ﺍﺳــﻴﺪ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺳــﻮﺯﺵ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺴــﻤﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺲ ﺳــﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ )ﺳﻮﺯﺵ ﻗﻠﺐ( ﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻮﺯﺵ ﺭﺑﻄﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺭﺣﻢ ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺷﻞ ﺷﺪﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺳــﻔﻨﻜﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸــﺖ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﺮﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺳﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﻏﺬﺍﻯ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﺕ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺗﺮﺵ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺯﺵ ﺳﺮ ﺩﻝ‬
‫• ﻏﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ )ﻫﺮ ‪ 2‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 3‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ( ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺳﺮﺥﻛﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﺏ ﭘﺰ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﭘﺰ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺒﺎﺑﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻏﺬﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﻣﻴﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﺠﻴﻢ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺷــﻴﺪﻥ ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻼﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ‪1-2‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻛﻤﻰ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ُﭘﺮﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻗﻨﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻨﻰ ﺗﺮﺷﺢ ﮔﺎﺳﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﻔﻨﻜﺘﺮ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻗﻨﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﺮﺷﺢ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻔﻨﻜﺘﺮ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻢﭼﺮﺏ ﻭ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻛﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺮﺥﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺳﺲﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺁﺑﮕﻮﺷﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﺮﺏ ﻏﻠﻴﻆ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺷﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﭘﺮﭼﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻨﻰﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺩﻭﻳﻪﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﺩﻭﻳﻪ ﺗﻨﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺍﺩﻭﻳﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻃﻌﻢ ﻣﻼﻳﻢﺗﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺷﺢ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﻔﻨﻜﺘﺮ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻧﻌﻨﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎﺷﻨﻰﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﻗﻬﻮﻩ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﮔﺎﺯﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﻧﻮﺷــﻴﺪﻧﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺁﺏ ﺑﻨﻮﺷــﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﭼﺎﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﺭﻧﮓ‬
‫ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺠﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻯ ﻛﻢﺭﻧﮓ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ‪ 2-3‬ﻓﻨﺠﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺁﺵ ﻭ ﺳﻮپ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻜﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻳﺎ ﺁﺷﺎﻣﻴﺪﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻢ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻠﻮ ﭘﺮﻫﻴﺰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺳﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻥ ‪ 2-1‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺁﺷﺎﻣﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ﻭ ﺑﻼﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻓﻮﻕ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺯﺵ ﺳﺮ ﺩﻝ ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺎﻣﺎ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺘﻰﺍﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ‬
‫ﺷﻴﻮﻉ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 50‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 70‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 16‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺒﺢﻫﺎ ﺗﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺻﺒﺤﮕﺎﻫﻰ )‪ (Morning Sickness‬ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ؛ ﮔﺮﭼﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺳــﺎﻋﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺒﺎﻧﻪﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺑﻴﻔﺘﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ‪ 5‬ﺗﺎ ‪ %10‬ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺄﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻧﻰ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺯﻭﺩﺭﺱ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ‪ %17‬ﻭ ﺳﻘﻂﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺩﻩﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬
‫‪ %30‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﻬﻮﻋﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻰ ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻓﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻧﻰ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﻭژﻥ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬
‫ﮔﻮﻧﺎﺩﻭ ﺗﺮﻭﭘﻴﻦ ﺟﻔﺘﻰ )‪ (HCG )(1‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺷــﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻱ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬

‫‪‬ﻣﻌﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﻧﮕﻪ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ ﻫﻢ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻏﺬﺍﻯ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺗﺎ ‪ 9‬ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺗﻬﺎﻯ ﺯﻭﺩ ﻫﻀﻢ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺑﻴﺴــﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺎﻥ ﺧﺸﻚ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺧﺎﺳــﺘﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺧﺘﺨﻮﺍﺏ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ‪ 15‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺧﺘﺨﻮﺍﺏ ﺑﺮﺧﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺻﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﺳﺒﻚ ﻭ‬
‫ﺯﻭﺩ ﻫﻀﻢ ﺑﺨﻮﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫‪‬ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮ ﺍﺩﻭﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﺥ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻧﻔﺎﺥ‪ ،‬ﺣﺠﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺩﻳﺮ ﻫﻀﻢ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫‪‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﺩ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﮔﺮﻡ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﻯ ﻳﺨﭽﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻮﻯ ﻣﺤﺮﻙ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﻯ ﻳﺨﭽﺎﻝ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺐ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻴﻬﺎﻯ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺑﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﺷــﭙﺰﻯ‪ ،‬ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ﺁﺷــﭙﺰﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻮﻯ ﺷــﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻨﺪ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺁﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﺒﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻧﺎﺭﺍﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻜﻪ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺴﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺑﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﻰ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺑﺨﻮﺭﻧﺪ‬
‫‪‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﮔﺮﺳﻨﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻳﺤﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻮﻯ ﺗﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﻮﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﺯﺍﺭﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻥ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺷﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺴﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﻧﻤﻜﻰ )ﻛﺮﺍﻛﺮ(‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻥ ﺧﺸﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﺧﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫‪‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﻜﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺧﻔﻴﻒ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ B6‬ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﻣﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺩﻡ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﮕﻰ ﭘﺎ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺭﺣﻢ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻭﺭﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺴﺪﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺍﺩﻡ ﺧﻔﻴﻔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺳﺎﻕ ﭘﺎ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﺩﻡ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺩﻡ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﻩ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪1 . Human Chorionic Gonadotrogh.‬‬

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‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﺩﻡ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ‪ 4-5‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻬﻠﻮ ﺩﺭﺍﺯ ﺑﻜﺸﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻬﻠﻮ )ﺧﺼﻮﺻ ًﺎ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻯ‬
‫ﭼﭗ( ﺳﺒﺐ ﺧﻮﻥﺭﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﻟﮕﻨﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺭﺣﻢ‪ ،‬ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺍﺩﻡ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺯﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺴﺘﺎﺩﻥ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻦ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺻﻨﺪﻟﻰ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻥ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻭﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺎﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺤﻰ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬
‫ﻼ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺶ ﺯﻳﺮ ﭘﺎﻫﺎ( ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻭﺭﻳﺪﻯ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻫﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫)ﻣﺜ ً‬
‫ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﮕﻰ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﺳــﺎﻕ ﭘﺎ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ ﺗﺠﻮﻳﺰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻰ ﺳﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﺎﺗﻴﻚ )‪ (Cochrane‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺷــﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺳــﺮﻣﻰ ﻣﻨﻴﺰﻳﻢ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻨﻴﺰﻳﻢ ﻻﻛﺘﺎﺕ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻴﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﺗﺮﻯ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻠﺴــﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﻴﺰﻳﻢ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺭ ﻳﺎ ﻟﺮﺯﺵ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﺁﺗﺎﻛﺴــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻳﺒﻮﺳﺖ ﻭ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﮕﻰ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺠﻮﻳﺰ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﻴﺰﻳﻢ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩﻯ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺠﻮﻳﺰ ﻣﻨﻴﺰﻳﻢ ﻻﻛﺘﺎﺕ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﺮﻣﻰ ﻣﻨﻴﺰﻳﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺪﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻰ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﮕﻰ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﻜﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻭﻳﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﻜﺎ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺒﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻢﺍﺭﺯﺵ‪ ،‬ﺑﻰﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻀﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺧﺎﻙ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﺳﺘﻪ )ﺭﺍﻳﺞﺗﺮﻳﻦ( ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﻳﺦ‪ .‬ﻛﺒﺮﻳﺖ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳــﻨﮓ‪ ،‬ﺯﻏﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻛﺴﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻴﮕﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﻬﺮ ﻧﻤﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻧﻔﺘﺎﻟﻴﻦ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺭﻳﺰﻣﻐﺬﻯﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﻧﺸﺎﺳﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺳــﺒﺐ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ )ﭘﻴﻜﺎ( ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺳﻤﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺑﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ؛‬
‫ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻣﺴــﻤﻮﻣﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻳﺒﻮﺳــﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻫﻤﻮﻟﻴﺘﻴﻚ ﺟﻨﻴﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﻨﺎﮔﻮﺵ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺴﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺩﻩ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﭘﻴﻜﺎ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺗﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻯ )ﺳﺒﺐﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ( ﭘﻴﻜﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﺷﺪﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎﺩﻩﻯ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ ﻳﺎ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺳﺒﺐ ﭘﻴﻜﺎ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ‬
‫ﺩﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺿﻴﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩﻯ ﻋﻠﺖ ﭘﻴﻜﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﭘﻴﻜﺎ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺟﻨﺲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻃﺒﻖ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺭﻳﺰﻣﻐﺬﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ )ﺳﺎﻝ ‪(1380‬‬
‫ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﻴﺮﻋﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻰ ﺧﻮﺯﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻴﻼﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺯﻧﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮﻡ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﭘﻴﻜﺎ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺒﻮﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻧﻰ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻓﺸــﺎﺭ ﻧﺎﺷــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺭﺣﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬
‫ﺣﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺵ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﺰﺍﺝ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻭﻧﺪﺍﻧﺴﺘﺮﻭﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﻬﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻳﺒﻮﺳﺖ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻳﺒﻮﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫‪‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻗﺪﻡ ﺯﺩﻥ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺍﺋﺮﻭﺑﻴﻚ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻠﻴﻦ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻏﻼﺕ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻴﺒﺮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺸﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺁﻟﻮ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﻴﺮ‬

‫ﻫﻤﻮﺭﻭﺋﻴﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺴــﻰ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺳــﻴﺎﻫﺮگﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﻌﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻤﻮﺭﻭﺋﻴﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻮﺍﺳــﻴﺮ ﻣﻰﻧﺎﻣﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﻮﺭﻭﺋﻴﺪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﺎﺭﺍﺣﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺵ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﮔﺎﻩ ﭘﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﻮﻳﺮگﻫﺎ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺧﻮﻧﺮﻳﺰﻯ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻣﻘﻌﺪ ﻭ ﺁﻧﻤﻰ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﻤــﻮ ًﻻ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﻫﻤﻮﺭﻭﺋﻴــﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺑﺪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻳﺒﻮﺳــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﺟﺎﺑــﺖ ﻣﺰﺍﺝ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺩﻓﻊ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺭﺣﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﺰﺍﻕ ﺩﻫﺎﻥ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺘﻴﺎﻟﻴﺰﻡ )‪(Ptyalism‬‬

‫ﭘﻴﺘﺎﻟﻴﺰﻡ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﺷﺢ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﺑﺰﺍﻕ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻏﺪﺩ ﺑﺰﺍﻗﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻧﺸﺎﺳــﺘﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺞ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻴﺐﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﺸﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﮔﺬﺭﺍ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺟﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺁﺯﺍﺭﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﺻﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﭘﺮﻩ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ‬
‫ﭘﺮﻩ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴــﻰ ﺳــﻨﺪﺭﻣﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺍﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻨﻮﺭﻯ ﻭ ﭘﺮ ﻓﺸــﺎﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ )ﻣﻌﻤﻮ ًﻻ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 20‬ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ( ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺘﺪ‪ .‬ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺸﻨﺞ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻩ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﺩﺭ ‪ 7‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻯ ﺧﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺴــﺘﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺠﻮﻳﺰ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ ،E‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻭ ﭘﺘﺎﺳﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍﻯ ﭘﺮ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﺮﺏ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﻟﻴﻨﻮﻟﺌﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﻟﻴﻨﻮﻟﻨﻴﻚ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪‬ﻓﺸﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﻩ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻧﻤﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﻚ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺮﻩ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ)‪(PIH‬‬
‫ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺸــﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ ﺑــﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺩﻡ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻨﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ‬
‫ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻓﺘﺪ ﻓﺸــﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻓﺸــﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ‬
‫ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﭘﻴﺸــﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪1. Pregnancy Induced Hypertension‬‬

 ‫‪67‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫‪‬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬
‫‪‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻗﻨﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﻚ‬
‫ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑــﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻧﺪﻛﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻏﻠﻄــﺖ ﮔﻠﺒﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪12‬‬
‫‪I‬‬
‫‪IUGR‬‬
‫ﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﻰ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 11‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﻰﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻣﺤﺴــﻮﺏ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻛــﻪ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺻﺮﻑﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺁﻫﻦ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳــﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 11‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﻰ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 10/5‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﻰ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺍﻃﻼﻕ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴــﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﻴــﺰﺍﻥ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮﺍﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﻜﻞ ﺭﻭﺑﺮﻭ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺁﻧﻤﻰ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ )‪(Iron deficiency Anemia‬‬

‫ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺗﻼﻑ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺪﻥ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﻭ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺷــﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ﺧﻮﻧﺮﻳﺰﻯ ﺣﺎﺩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ‪ 1000‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ‪ 300‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺟﻔﺖ ﻭ ‪ 500‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ‪ 200‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺵ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭ ﻭ‬
‫ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﺩﻓﻊ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﺎﻡ ﺁﻫﻦ )‪ 1000‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ( ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺐ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬
‫ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﺠﻮﻳﺰ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺁﻫﻦ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺐ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺁﻫﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ‬
‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﭼﻮﻥ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞﺷــﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﺸــﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺍً ﻛﻢ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻓﻘﺮ‬
‫ﺁﻫﻦ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻛﻢ ﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺪﺗ ًﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺣﺠﻢ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻏﻴﺎﺏ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺼــﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓــﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺑــﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳــﻰ ﺁﻫــﻦ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺧﻮﻧﺮﻳــﺰﻯ ﺷــﺪﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﮔﻰﻫــﺎ ﻳــﺎ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫــﺎﻯ ﻗﺒﻠــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌــﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﻳــﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺑــﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺑــﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺠــﺪﺩ ﺑــﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻠــﻪ ﻛﻤﺘــﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 3‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺍﺣﺘﻤــﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﺘــﻼ ﺑــﻪ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧــﻰ ﻓﻘــﺮ ﺁﻫــﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫــﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰﻫﺎ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻣﻨﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪﺕ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻃﻰ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻭﺯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺗﺎ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ‬

‫ﮔﺎﻡ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺸــﺨﻴﺺ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺎﺗﻮﻛﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺷﺪﺕ‬
‫ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻼﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﺣﺎﺋﺰ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ :16‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ‬

‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺎﻧﺰﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﺎ‬

‫ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺠﻮﻳﺰ ﺩﻭ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧــﻰ ﺧﻔﻴﻒ )ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﻴــﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 10‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ ﻭ ﻛﻤﺘــﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 11‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ(‬
‫ﺗﺠﻮﻳﺰ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ )ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 7‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ ﻭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 10‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ(‬
‫ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ )ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 7‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ(‬
‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ )‪ 120‬ﺭﻭﺯ( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻓﺮﻳﺘﻴﻦ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻰ‬
‫ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻭﻟﻰ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻰ ﺁﻫﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺎﺗﻮﻛﺮﻳﺖ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﻧﺸﺪ ﻋﻠﻞ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻰﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻨﺮﺍﻝ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺷــﺎﻳﻊﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭﻟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺪﺭﺕ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪) B12‬ﺁﻧﻤﻰ ﻣﮕﺎﻟﻮﺑﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ( ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺠﻮﻳﺰ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻧﺸﺪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺍﺳــﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﻭ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ B12‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ )ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ‪ (4‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ :17‬ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻯ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺵ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﮔﻠﺒﻮﻝ ) ‪(CBC‬‬

‫‪ .a‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﮔﻠﺒﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬
‫‪ .i‬ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫‪ .ii‬ﻫﻤﺎﺗﻮﻛﺮﻳﺖ‬
‫‪ .iii‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺭﺗﻴﻜﻮﻟﻮﺳﻴﺖ‬
‫‪ .b‬ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮔﻠﺒﻮﻝ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬
‫‪ .i‬ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺣﺠﻢ ﮔﻠﺒﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ )‪(MCV‬‬
‫‪ .ii‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﻠﺒﻮﻝ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ )‪(MCH‬‬
‫‪ .iii‬ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻠﺒﻮﻝ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ )‪(MCHC‬‬
‫‪ .iv‬ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺣﺠﻢ ﮔﻠﺒﻮﻝ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ )‪(RDW‬‬
‫‪ .c‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﮔﻠﺒﻮﻝ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ‬
‫‪ .i‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﮔﻠﺒﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ‬
‫‪ .ii‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﻧﻮﺗﺮﻭﻓﻴﻞ‬
‫‪ .d‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﭘﻼﻛﺖﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﺪﻥ‬
‫‪ .a‬ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﺮﻣﻰ ﺁﻫﻦ‬
‫‪ .b‬ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺗﺎﻡ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺁﻫﻦ )‪(TIBC‬‬
‫‪ .c‬ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﺮﻣﻰ ﻓﺮﻳﺘﻴﻦ )‪(Serum Feritin‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫‪ .a‬ﺍﺳﭙﻴﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ‬
‫‪ .b‬ﺑﻴﻮﭘﺴﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺳﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ .c‬ﺭﻧﮓ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ‬
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‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ‬

‫‪‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻣﺜﻞ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺗﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺟﻌﻔﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﮔﺮﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺩﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﭘﺴﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺪﻕ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺧﺸﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺑﺮﮔﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺕ ﺧﺸﻚ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﻤﺶ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻣﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ C‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻻﺩ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﮔﻞ ﻛﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﺩﻟﻤﻪﺍﻯ( ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫ﭼﺎﺷﻨﻰﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺁﺏ ﻟﻴﻤﻮ ﻭ ﺁﺏ ﻧﺎﺭﻧﺞ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺁﻫﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻏﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﭼﺎﻯ‪ ،‬ﻗﻬﻮﻩ ﻭ ﺩﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻰ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻭ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﭼﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﺭﻧﮓ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺷﻰ ﻭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺁﻫﻦ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺷﺐ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ )‪ (Malnutrtion‬ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻧﻰ‬
‫ﻼ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺷــﺪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺭﮔﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺒ ً‬
‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻭ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻜﻨﺪ ﺳــﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻕ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ ﻳﺎ ﻻﻏﺮﻯ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﺑﺪﻥ‪ ،‬ﺿﻌﻒ ﻭ ﺧﺴﺘﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺁﺗﺮﻭﻓﻰ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﻣﻜﺮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻥ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﺄﺧﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺯﺧﻢ‪ ،‬ﺯﺧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻮﺳــﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻳﺰﺵ ﻣﻮ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻰ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺳــﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻳﻚ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﻏﻴﺮﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻰ‬
‫ﺭﺍ ﻣﻐﺸــﻮﺵ ﻛﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﺩﻡ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻔﺴــﻴﺮ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺷﺮﺡﺣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺩﻩﺗﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻞ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻧﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 2‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬
‫ﻛﻢ ﻭﺯﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪ BMI .1‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 18/5‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻗﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 150‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ‪18‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﭼﻨﺪﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻜﺮﺭ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ‬
‫‪ .6‬ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻣﻴﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ »ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻛﻢ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﻰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬
‫ﺷــﻐﻞ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻛﻢﺳﻮﺍﺩﻯ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻏﺬﺍ« ﻧﺎﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪70‬‬

‫‪ .7‬ﺧﺮﺍﻓﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ »ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ«‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺰﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﻠﺒﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻴﻮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻻ‬
‫‪ .9‬ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺳﻞ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻻﺭﻳﺎ‬
‫‪ .10‬ﻋﺪﻡ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪ .11‬ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺳﺨﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺰﺭﻋﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﺴﺘﺎﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻨﺰﻝ‬
‫‪ .12‬ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺩﺧﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﺨﺪﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﻞ‬
‫‪ .13‬ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻴﻚ ﻣﺰﻣﻦ‪،‬‬
‫‪ .14‬ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ )ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 11 g/dl‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻡ ﻭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 10/5 g/dl‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ(‬
‫ﻋﻠﻞ ﻛﻨﺪﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺧﻄﺎﻳﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺰﻳﺖ ﺷﻮﺍﻫﺪﻯ ﻣﺒﻨﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺩﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻴﺮ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﻬﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺳﻬﺎﻝ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‪ -‬ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﻤﺪﺍً ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ؟ )ﺁﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ؟(‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﮕﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﺸﺪ؟ ﭼﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺍﺳﺖ؟‬

‫ﺗﺸــﺨﻴﺺ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺻﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺭﻓﻊ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺳــﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺷــﺖ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻍ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﻮﺩﺭ ﺷــﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺧﺸﻚ‪ ،‬ﭘﻨﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺳﺖ ﭼﻜﻴﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﻏﻨﻰ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻨﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ ‪ 7-11‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﭘﻮﺭﻩ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺐﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ ﻭ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﻪ ﮔﻨﺪﻡ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺁﺭﺩﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﺸﺎﺳﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻣﻪ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﭘﻠﻮﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻋﺪﺱﭘﻠﻮ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎﭘﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺵ ﭘﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪﺳــﻰ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻙ ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻨﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻥ ﻛﺸــﻚ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺁﺵ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﻚ‬ ‫‪ .5‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﮔﻮﺷــﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻣﺜ ً‬
‫ﺑﺎﺩﻣﺠﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺣﻠﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺩﻣﺠﺎﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻥ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺳﻮپﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬
‫‪ .6‬ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻘﻮﻯ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺳــﻮپ ﻏﻠﻴﻆ‪ ،‬ﭘﻮﺭﻩ ﺳــﻴﺐﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻨﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﮔﻮﺷــﺖ ﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﻧﺪﻭﻳﭻ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺳﺖ‬
‫ﭼﻜﻴﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴﺘﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮﺑﺮﻧﺞ‪ ،‬ﺷﻠﻪﺯﺭﺩ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
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‫‪ .7‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﻚ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ؛ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﻢ ﺣﺘﻤ ًﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻧﻤﻚ ﻳﺪﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪ 2-3‬ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .9‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺨﺘﻪ )ﻧﺨﻮﺩﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﻫﻮﻳﺞ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻴﺐﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺪﻭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺩﻣﺠﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﮔﻞ ﻛﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﺳﺒﺰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺮﻓﺲ‪ ،‬ﻟﺒﻮ ﻭ‪(...‬‬
‫ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭘﻮﺭﻩ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .10‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺩﺳــﺮ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺷــﻠﻪﺯﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﺍﻯ‪ ،‬ﺧﺮﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﻠﻮﺍ ﻭ‪...‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺩﺳﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .11‬ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺪ ﻫﻀﻢ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺭﺍﺣﺖﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .12‬ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻗﺮﺹ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻰﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻨﺮﺍﻝ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .13‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 2-3‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦﻫﺎ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻏﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻫﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺟﻮﻳﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺩﻭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺻﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻣﻞﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺗﻬﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺷﻰ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﻛﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻫﻤﻪ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﺧﻮﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻏﺬﺍ‬

‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴــﺮﻯ ﺑﻴــﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ )ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ( ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﺳــﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺤﺴــﻮﺏ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴــﺮﻯ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻩ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﻧﺮﻳــﺰﻯ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻛﺮﻭﺯﻭﻣﻰ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‪،‬‬
‫ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﺷــﻮﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺰﺍﺭﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺩﻩ ﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍ ﺳــﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺸــﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻭ ﭘﻴﺸــﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺩﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷــﺪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺐ ﺻﻌﻮﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺗﻨﺪﻯ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻫﺸﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﺮﮔﺰ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﭼﺎﻕ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻻﻏﺮﻯ ﺗﺠﻮﻳﺰ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺧﻄﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ؟ ﺁﻳﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺷﻮﺍﻫﺪﻯ ﻣﺒﻨﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺩﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺳﻴﮕﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺧﻴﺮﺍً ﺗﺮﻙ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻪﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ )ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺸﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ( ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺮﻙ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬

‫ﺗﺸــﺨﻴﺺ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺻﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺭﻓﻊ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘﻰ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻳﺎﺩ ﺁﻣﺪ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬
‫ﺣﺠﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘﻰ )ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻧﺎﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺭﻭﺣﻰ ﺍﻭ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻰ( ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﭘﺮﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ )ﭘﺮﭼﺮﺏ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕ( ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭼﺎﻕ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺳﻮﻡ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻪﻛﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻧﺠــﺎﻡ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧــﻪ ‪ 30‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘــﻪ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻭ ﻧﺮﻣﺶ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪ 5‬ﻳﺎ ‪ 6‬ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 6-8‬ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﺏ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺁﺏ ﺑﻨﻮﺷﺪ‪ 1 .‬ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﺏ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﮔﺮﺳﻨﮕﻰ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ‪ 2‬ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﺏ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻧﻮﺷﻴﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻛﻢﭼﺮﺏ )ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 2/5‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ( ﻭ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤ ًﺎ ﻣﺎﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭘﻨﻴﺮ ﭘﺮﻭﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ ﻭ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﻛﻢ ﭼﺮﺏ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫‪ .4‬ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 2-3‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﺁﻧﺘﻰﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪﺍﻥﻫﺎ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺭچ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺷﻠﻐﻢ‪ ،‬ﻫﻮﻳﺞ‪ ،‬ﻛﺪﻭ ﺗﻨﺒﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﺩﻟﻤﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ‬
‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﺭﻧﮕﻰ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺯﺭﺩﭼﻮﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﺯﻏﺎﻝﺍﺧﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺯﺭﺷــﻚ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺠﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻳﭗﻓﻮﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺗﻮﺕﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﮕﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﻭ ﺳــﻴﺐ‬
‫ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺮﺥ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺣﺠﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗﻬﻮﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺎﺯﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﺲﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﺮﺏ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻳﻮﻧﺰ ﻭ ﺳﺲﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺳﺎﻻﺩ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺳﺖ ﻛﻢ ﭼﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺁﺏ‬
‫ﻟﻴﻤﻮ ﻳﺎ ﺁﺏ ﻧﺎﺭﻧﺞ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺁﺏﻏﻮﺭﻩ ﺑﻰﻧﻤﻚ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺁﺏ ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺳﺲﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﭼﺮﺏ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .9‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﻚ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻨﻰﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺳﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﭼﺮﺏ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻘﻼﺕ ﭘﺮﭼﺮﺏ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﭼﻴﭙﺲ‪،‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﺷﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺷﻜﻼﺕ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦﻫﺎ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻏﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻫﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺟﻮﻳﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺩﻭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺻﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻣﻞﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺳﻔﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺗﺮﻙ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﻓﻘﻂ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﮔﺮﺳﻨﮕﻰ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻣﻴﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﻏﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺸﻘﺎﺏ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻨﮕﺎﻝ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻥ ﻏﺬﺍﻯ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺸﻘﺎﺏ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .9‬ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﺧﺎﺹ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .10‬ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﺰﻩﺧﻮﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .11‬ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﻯ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﺷﺢ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺪﺩ ﺩﺭﻭﻥﺭﻳﺰ ﺁﻥﭼﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺮ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻮﭼﻚﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘــﻼﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴــﺰﺍﻥ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺷــﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻧــﻮﺍﻉ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻧﻰ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺪﺩ ﺩﺭﻭﻥﺭﻳﺰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻏﺪﺩ ﺩﺭﻭﻥﺭﻳﺰ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷــﺎﻳﻊﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﺷﺎﻳﻊﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﻕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﺯﻳﺎﻥﺁﻭﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ‬
‫ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺟﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻠﻚ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪‬ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺳﻮء ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻣﺎﻛﺮﻭﺯﻭﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﭙﻮﮔﻠﻴﺴﻤﻰ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﭙﺮﺑﻴﻠﻴﺮﻭﺑﻴﻨﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﭙﺮﺗﺮﻭﻓﻰ ﻗﻠﺒﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﻫﻴﭙﻮﻛﻠﺴﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺳﻮء ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺯﻭﺩﺭﺱ‪ ،‬ﭘﻠﻰ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﻣﻴﻨﻮﺱ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻩ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﻭ‬
‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ )‪ (Pre-GDM‬ﻭ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ )‪ (GDM‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴــﻢ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻧﺎﺷﺘﺎ ‪10-15‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﻰ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺩ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﭘﺎﺗﻮژﻧﺰ )ﺁﺳﻴﺐﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻰ( ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺴــﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩ ﺳﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺘﺎ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻯ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﺗﻮﺍﻳﻤﻴﻮﻥ ﺳﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺑﺘــﺎﻯ ﭘﺎﻧﻜﺮﺍﺱ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴــﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺿﺪﺍﻧﺴــﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ )ﻧﻈﻴﺮ‬

‫‪1 . GestaƟonal Diabetes Mellitus.‬‬

‫‪74‬‬

‫ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻔﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻭﻻﻛﺘﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﻮﺭﺗﻴﺰﻭﻝ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭژﺳﺘﺮﻭﻥ( ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺷﺢ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻭﺝ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﭼﻪ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﻪ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪:‬‬

‫‪‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ )‪ BMI‬ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‪(25 kg/m 2‬‬
‫‪‬ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻓﺎﻣﻴﻠﻰ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ‬
‫‪‬ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴﻢ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ ﻳﺎ ﮔﻠﻴﻜﻮﺯﻭﺭﻯ‬
‫‪‬ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﺎﻛﺮﻭﺯﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‬
‫‪‬ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻘﻂ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻛﺮﻭﺯﻭﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﭘﺮﻩﺗﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻩ ﺍﻛﻼﻣﭙﺴﻰ ﻭ‪(...‬‬
‫‪‬ﺳﻦ ‪ 35‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ‬

‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺷﻴﻮﻉ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻭ ﻛﻢ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺷﻴﻮﻉ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻭ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭﻯ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺳـﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺗﺸـﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳـﺎﺱ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳـﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧـﻰ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷـﺖ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺑـﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ) ‪ (IADPSG‬ﺩﺭ ﺳـﺎﻝ ﺟﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺑﻼﻍ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺮ‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺖ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪﺍﻯ ) ‪ GTT‬ﺩﻭ ﺳﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ‪ 75‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ( ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﻳﺴــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻧﺎﺷــﺘﺎ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳــﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ؛ ﻭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺯﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻩ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬

‫ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻧﺎﺷﺘﺎ )‪(mg/dl‬‬
‫‪92‬‬ ‫‪93-125‬‬ ‫‪≥126‬‬

‫‪‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻧﺎﺷــﺘﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 93-125‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﻰ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺩ ﭘﺮﻩ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻴﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴــﺎﺏ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻧﺎﺷــﺘﺎ ‪ 126‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﻰ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻭ ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻯ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 126‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﻰ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺩ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻴﻚ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑــﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻴﻚ )ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻩ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻴﻚ(‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪28-24‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻛﻰ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ‪ 75‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ )‪ (OGTT‬ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ‬

‫‪1. InternaƟonal associaƟon of diabetes and pregnancy study groups.‬‬

‫‪2. Glucose Tolerance Test.‬‬
‫‪3. Oral glucose tolerance test.‬‬
 ‫‪75‬‬

‫ﻛــﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻏﻴﺮﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸــﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻗﻄﻌــﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻭ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ‪ 2‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ‪ 1‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻧﺎﺷﺘﺎ )‪(mg/dl‬‬
‫ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ )‪(mg/dl‬‬ ‫ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ )‪(mg/dl‬‬ ‫ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻏﻴﺮﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬
‫‪≥153‬‬ ‫‪≥180‬‬ ‫‪≥ 92‬‬

‫ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻛﺸﻒ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 6 – 12‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻛﻰ )‪ (OGTT‬ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ‪ 75‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ )ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﺷﺘﺎ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺳﺎﻋﺘﻪ( ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻩ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﺗﺴﺖ‬

‫‪≤99‬‬ ‫‪125-100‬‬ ‫‪≥126‬‬ ‫ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻧﺎﺷﺘﺎ )‪(mg/dl‬‬

‫‪>140‬‬ ‫‪140 -199‬‬ ‫‪≥200‬‬ ‫ﻗﻨـﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ‪ 2‬ﺳـﺎﻋﺖ ﭘـﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼـﺮﻑ ﮔﻠﻮﻛـﺰ )‪(mg/dl‬‬

‫‪‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﻩ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺳﺒﻚ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ )ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻭ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ( ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻻﺯﻣﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺍﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﻮﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻰ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪76‬‬

‫ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺑﺮ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪:‬‬

‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻓﺮﺩ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﻰ‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻜﻠﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻮﺍﻳﺪ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺘﻼﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ‬

‫‪‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻃﻰ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍ‬
‫‪‬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺧﻮﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ‬
‫‪‬ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻟﻴﭙﻴﺪﻫﺎ )ﻛﺎﻫﺶﺗﺮﻯ ﮔﻠﻴﺴﺮﻳﺪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﻧﺪﻙ ‪ LDL‬ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ‪(HDL‬‬
‫‪‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻔﻴﻒ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻗﻠﺒﻰ – ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻰ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺧﻄﺮﺳﺎﺯ ﻗﻠﺒﻰ‬
‫‪‬ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‬
‫‪‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻭ ﻫﻴﭙﺮ ﻟﻴﭙﻴﺪﻣﻰ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺣﺲ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎء ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ‬

‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻁ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ‪:‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﻮﺯ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﻠﺒﻰ‬

‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﺴــﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺛﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﺬﺏ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺯﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ‪ %25‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺗﺎ ‪ %50‬ﻫﻢ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺭژﻳﻢ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﺳــﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯﺍﻯ ﻫﺮ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺪﻥ ‪ 30-32‬ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻡ ‪ 35-38‬ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭼﺎﻗﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻳﺪﻩﺁﻝ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﺳﻬﻢ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬
‫‪ 20-25‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ‪ 1/3- 2‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯﺍﻯ ﻫﺮ ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ‬
‫‪ 20-25‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺑﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺳﺪﻳﻢ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺰﺭگﺳﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ‪ 2‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺪﻳﻢ‬
‫‪ 50-60 .1‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪ 150-200‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕ ‪ .3‬ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ )ﻏﻼﺕ ﺳﺒﻮﺱﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ( ﻭ ﭘﺮﻫﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻨﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ )ﻗﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺷﻜﺮ‪،‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﺁﺏ ﻧﺒﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻴــﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 30‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺻﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﻴﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺻﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻰ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻴﻚ ﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺪﻳﻢ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺳﻴﺲ ﻳﺎ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﻨﺴﺮﻭ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﭼﻴﭙﺲ‪ ،‬ﭘﻔﻚ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﭼﺮﺏ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻠﺴــﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﻻ‪ :‬ﻫﺮ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻏﺬﺍﻯ ﺳﺮﺥﺷــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﭘﺮ ﭼﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻪﭘﺎﭼﻪ‪ ،‬ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻳﻮﻧﺰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﭘﺮ ﭼﺮﺏ‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻗﻨﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻻ‪ :‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺴﻜﻮﻳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺎﺯﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻗﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﺮ‪ ،‬ﻋﺴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺑﺴﺘﻨﻰ‬
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‫‪‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ ‪ NPH‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺑﻌﺪﺍﺯﻇﻬﺮ )‪ 3‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﻫﺎﺭ( ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺋﻢ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ؛ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﻫﻴﭙﻮﮔﻠﻴﺴﻤﻰ )ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ( ﻭ ﻛﺘﻮﺯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬
‫‪‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧــﺎﻥ ﭼﺎﻕ ﻛﻪ ‪ BMI‬ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 30‬ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘــﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 30‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 33‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩ )‪ ،(1800 kcal/kg‬ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻛﺘﻮﻥ ﺍﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻫﻴﭙﺮ ﮔﻠﻴﺴﻤﻰ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻙ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﭼﺎﻕ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﻚ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩﺭﻭﻯ ﺳﺒﻚ( ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻰ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﻜﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻫﻴﭙﺮ ﮔﻠﻴﺴﻤﻰ )ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ( ﻭ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﻗﺒﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺷــﻴﺮﻳﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﭙﺎﺭﺗﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻁ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 2‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 3‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻛﻰ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﺸــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺷــﻴﺮﻳﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺳــﺎﺧﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺣﺘﻤ ًﺎ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻛﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻓﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ )‪ 5‬ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ( ﻣﻴﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻏﺬﺍ ﻧﺨﻮﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﻪ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﺮﺏ ﻭ ﺳﺮﺥﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﻚ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻤ ًﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻤﻚ ﻳﺪﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﻢ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻓﻴﺒﺮﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺰﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﻮﺱﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻨﮕﻚ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻗﻨﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻗﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻘﻼﺕ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ( ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﻤﻰ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩﺭﻭﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺮﺗﺐ ﻭ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺟﺎﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺟﺎﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻯ )‪(Urinary Tract Infections‬‬

‫ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺘﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻥ ﭘﺮﻭژﺳﺘﺮﻭﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺭﺣﻢ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﺜﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻣﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻗﻰﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻴﻨﻄﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺭﻳﻔﻼﻛﺲ ﻣﺜﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﺠﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻴﻠﺘﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﮔﻠﻮﻣﺮﻭﻟﻰ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻨﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻗﻠﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺁﻥ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺁﺳﺎﻥﺗﺮ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻯﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺁﻥ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻰ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻭ ﻭﺳــﻌﺖ ﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺸــﺄ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻜﻞ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ‪ ،‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﻣﺜﺎﻧﻪ )ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻴﺖ(‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﻠﻮﻧﻔﺮﻳﺖ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺳﭙﺴﻴﺲ‬
‫)ﺍﻧﺘﺸــﺎﺭ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ( ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻧﻰ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺯﻭﺩﺭﺱ‪ ،‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﺮگ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻴــﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻴﻤﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻯ ﻧــﺪﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ‪PH‬‬
‫ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻯﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
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‫ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳﻮﺯﺵ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺸﺄ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺤﺮﻙ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻯ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸــﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﻣﻨﺘﻔﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ‪:‬‬
‫• ﺍﺩﻭﻳﻪﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﺳﺒﺰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‪ ،‬ﺧﺮﺩﻝ ﻭ‪...‬‬
‫• ﻓﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﻮﺷﺘﻰ ﻧﻤﻚﺳﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺳﻮﺳﻴﺲ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺎﺱ‬
‫• ﺳﻴﺮﺍﺑﻰ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺷﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻨﺴﺮﻭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬
‫• ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﮔﻮﮔﺮﺩﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﺭﭼﻮﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺑﭽﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺮ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺎﺯ‬
‫• ﻧﻮﺷﻴﺪﻧﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﮔﺰﺍﻧﺘﻴﻚ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻗﻬﻮﻩ‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻯﻫﺎ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻢ )ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﻭ ﺳــﻔﻴﺪ( ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﭘﻨﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺷــﻜﻼﺕ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺨﻤﻴﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ؛ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺆﺛﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﺷﻴﺪﻥ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺁﺏ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻓﻊ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ‪ PH‬ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺗﺨﻔﻴﻒ ﻋﻼﺋﻤﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺳﻮﺯﺵ‬
‫ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﻛﺘﻮﻧﻮﺭﻯ )‪(PKU‬‬

‫ﻓﻨﻴــﻞ ﻛﺘﻮﻧــﻮﺭﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺍﺭﺛﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﻴﺪﺁﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻛﻤﺒــﻮﺩ ﺁﻧﺰﻳﻢ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﻛﺴــﻴﻼﺯ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺧــﻮﻥ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴــﻦ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺳــﺒﺐ‬
‫ﺁﺳﻴﺒﻬﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻐﺰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻋﻘﺐﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺫﻫﻨﻰ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﺎﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 40‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﺎﺕ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯﺩﻭﺍﺝ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺒﺘﻼﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺳــﺮﻣﻰ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺫﻫﻨﻰ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺭژﻳﻢ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭ‬
‫ﺣﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩﻯ ‪ 2‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 6‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﻰ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺣﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﺁﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺒﺘﻼﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺁﺯﺍﺩﺍﻧﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﻴﺪﺁﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻫﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻗﻼ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
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‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺳﻬﻞﺍﻧﮕﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺍﺯ ‪ 3‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ‬
‫ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﻳﺎ ﺁﺳــﭙﺎﺭﺗﺎﻡ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻁ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺁﺳﭙﺎﺭﺗﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﺩﻯ ﭘﭙﺘﻴﺪ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺷــﻴﺮﻳﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺭژﻳﻤﻰ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺁﺳﭙﺎﺭﺗﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﻗﻮﻃﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻰ‬
‫‪ 330‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﻟﻴﺘــﺮ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 105‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﮔﺮﻡ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ‪ 25‬ﺗــﺎ ‪ 50‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬
‫ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻣﺒﺘﻼﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ‪ PKU‬ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺭژﻳﻤﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ )ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﻻﺯﻡ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﺧﺼﻮﺻ ًﺎ ‪ B12‬ﻭ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺗﺠﻮﻳﺰ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻜﻤﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﺧﺼﻮﺻ ًﺎ ﺭﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﮕﻨﺰ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺳﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺻﺪﻣﻪ ﻧﺎﺷــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺭﻫﺎ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺁﻣﻴﻨﻮ ﺍﺳــﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺧﻮﻥ ‪ 2‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷــﻮﺩ؛ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴﻢ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﻨﺪ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻴﺮﻭﺯﻳﻦ( ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﺍﺳــﻴﺪﺁﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﻏﻨﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻟﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﭙﺴﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻨﻰ ﺧﺼﻮﺻ ًﺎ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ‪ A‬ﻭ ‪ D‬ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﻳــﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ‪ PKU‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺧﻄﺮﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺯﻭﺩﺭﺱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﻗﻴﻖﺗﺮﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‬
‫)ﺣﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪(.‬‬

‫ﺷﻤﺎﻯ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪﻯ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ‪ 100‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻛﻰ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭ ﺭژﻳﻢ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ :18‬ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ‪ 100‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻛﻰ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ‬

‫ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻛﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻛﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻛﻰ‬
‫‪mg‬‬ ‫ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ‪mg‬‬ ‫‪mg‬‬
‫‪110‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻔﻨﺎﺝ‬ ‫‪34‬‬ ‫ﻛﺮﻩ**‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫ﻗﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺷﻜﺮ‬
‫‪150‬‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﮔﺎﻭ‬ ‫‪35‬‬ ‫ﻫﻮﻳﺞ‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﺁﺏ ﺳﻴﺐ‬
‫‪230‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﺖ‬ ‫‪35‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫ﺧﻴﺎﺭ‬
‫‪260‬‬ ‫ﻧﺨﻮﺩ ﺳﺒﺰ‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫ﮔﻴﻼﺱ‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺐ‬
‫‪350‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺞ‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫ﺁﺏ ﭘﺮﺗﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫ﻋﺴﻞ‬
‫‪450‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻥ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ‬ ‫‪45‬‬ ‫ﺯﺭﺩﺁﻟﻮ‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﺫﺭﺕ*‬
‫‪490‬‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﮔﻮﺳﻔﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪50‬‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺗﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﮔﻨﺪﻡ*‬
‫‪670‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻫﻰ‬ ‫‪54‬‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﺩﻟﻤﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﺎ‬
‫‪680‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﻧﻰ‬ ‫‪65‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﻮ‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫ﺁﺏ ﺍﻧﮕﻮﺭ‬
‫‪750‬‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫‪66‬‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﺳﺒﺰ‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫ﮔﻼﺑﻰ‬
‫‪790‬‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﮔﻮﺳﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫‪77‬‬ ‫ﮔﻞ ﻛﻠﻢ‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﺁﻟﺒﺎﻟﻮ‬
‫‪850‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻍ‬ ‫‪86‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺐﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻮﺭ‬
‫‪110‬‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻣﻪ ‪ %30‬ﭼﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫‪32‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻢ‬

‫* ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺸﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﺫﺭﺕ ﻭ ﮔﻨﺪﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﻢ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮپ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫** ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺭﻭﻏﻦﻫﺎ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﻧﻴﻦ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻴﺮﻭﺋﻴﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﻮﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺗﺮﺏ ﺧﺎﻡ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻫﻢ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﺳﭙﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺮ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻫﻢ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﺹ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮﻳﭗﻓﺮﻭﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ‬

‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ‬

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‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ‬

‫ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷــﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﺴــﺘﻠﺰﻡ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻘﻮﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ )ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎ(‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺑﻨﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﺑﻪﻧﻔﺲ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺣﻔﻆ‬
‫ﻭ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻰ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﺎﺩ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﻬﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﺠﻢ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻜﺮﺭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻜﺮﺭ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻤﻜﻰ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻓﻌﺎﺕ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﺣﺠﻢ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺷﺪﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻠﻞ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷــﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺧﺴــﺘﮕﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎً ﺩﺭ ‪ 4‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 6‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺷــﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺗﺎ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻃــﻮﻝ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺣﺠﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ‪:‬‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮﻡ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳﻬﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 500‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻘﻮﻯ )ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﭼﺮﺑﻰﻫﺎ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻛﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ( ﺍﺯ ﭼﺮﺑﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ 100 ،‬ﺗﺎ ‪150‬‬
‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷــﻴﺮ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺳــﺒﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷــﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺴــﺘﮕﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻭﻟﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻴﺸــﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻢﺁﺑﻰ ﺑﺪﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺷــﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﻨﻮﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 8-10‬ﻟﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻍ ﻛﻢ ﻧﻤﻚ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎﻯ ﻭ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺑﻨﻮﺷﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺁﺵ ﺳﻮپ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺭﺵﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻴﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
‫• ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻋﻢ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻯ ﻏﻠﻴﻆ‪ ،‬ﻗﻬﻮﻩ‪ ،‬ﻛﻮﻛﺎﻛﻮﻻ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺐ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﻰﺍﺷﺘﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﺍﺑﻰ ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺷﻴﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻏﺬﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷــﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﺯ ‪ 5‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻼﺡ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﺪﺗ ًﺎ ﺍﻧﻌﻜﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ D‬ﺷﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﻧﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻛﻠﺴــﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺁﻫﻦ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴــﻔﺮ ﻭ ﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷــﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﻠﺴــﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴــﻔﺮ‪ ،‬ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻏﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ؛‬
‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺻ ًﺎ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺷــﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﻚ‬
‫ﻳﺪ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﻢ ﻭ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻤﻚ ﻳﺪ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻚ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻯ ﭘﺨﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻗﺮﺹ ﻓﺮﻭﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺗﺎ ‪ 3‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬
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‫• ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻛﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺭﭼﻮﺑﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺮﺑﭽﻪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮ ﺍﺩﻭﻳﻪ ﻭ ﭘﺮ ﭼﺎﺷﻨﻰ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻃﻌﻢ‬
‫ﺷــﻴﺮ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻃﻌﻢ ﺷــﻴﺮ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺮ ﻃﻌﻢ ﺷﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﺍﻣﺘﻨﺎﻉ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺠﻰ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺷــﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻧﮕﺬﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺷــﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺳــﺒﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﻁ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻢﺧﻮﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻜﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺮﻙ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺷــﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭﮔﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ‪ 6‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﺍﻭﻝ‬
‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺷــﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺷــﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 450‬ﮔﺮﻡ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺷــﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺮﺷﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻭ‬
‫ﻗﻨﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 500‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺮﺷــﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ‪BMI‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 18/5‬ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣــﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ )ﺗﺎ ‪ 750‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻛﺎﻟــﺮﻯ( ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ )‪ BMI‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ (18/5‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺷــﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻨﺪ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺻﺮﻑ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺣﺴــﺎﺱ ﺿﻌﻒ‪ ،‬ﺧﺴــﺘﮕﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻰﺣﻮﺻﻠﮕﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻮﺩﻙ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ؛‬
‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮءﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻣﻰﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻢ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻮﺩﻙ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺣﺎﺋﺰ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﻣﺘﻀﺮﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ؛ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺿﻰ ﻫﻢ ﭼﻮﻥ ﭘﻮﻛﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻢﺧﻮﻧﻰ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺑﻌﻀﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﻜﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺎﺯ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺩﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻜﻤﻰ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻗﻮﻟﻨﺞ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﺷﻠﻐﻢ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺯﺭﺩﺁﻟﻮ‪ ،‬ﺁﻟﻮ‪ ،‬ﻫﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺪﻭﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻌﻀﻰ ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ‬
‫ﻧﻔﺦ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻜﻤﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﻗﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻃﻰ ‪ 24‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﻧﻔﺦ ﻭ ﺩﻝ ﺩﺭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﻫﺮ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻣﮕﺮ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺣﺲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﻭﻯ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺩﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻜﻤﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ‬
‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﭼﻪ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻌﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺩﻳﺪﻩﺷﺪﻩ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻩ )ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻻﻛﺘﻴﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ(‪ ،‬ﻃﻤﻊ ﺗﻠﺦ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ‬
‫ﺷــﻴﺮ ﺍﻣﺘﻨﺎﻉ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﻨﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺸﻮﻳﺪ؛ ﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﺪﻭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺑﺮﻳﺰﺩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﺮﺩﻫﻰ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
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‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ‪ :1‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻚﻗﻠﻮﻳﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪13‬‬ ‫‪ BMI‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻧﮓ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ )ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ‪/‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ(‬ ‫)ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ(‬ ‫‪kg/m2‬‬ ‫‪BMI‬‬

‫)‪0/51 (0/44 – 0/58‬‬ ‫‪12/5 -18‬‬ ‫‪<18/5‬‬ ‫ﻛﻢﻭﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﺭﺩ‬

‫)‪0/42 (0/35 – 0/50‬‬ ‫‪11/5 -16‬‬ ‫‪18/5 -24/9‬‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫)‪0/28 (0/23 – 0/33‬‬ ‫‪7 -11/5‬‬ ‫‪25 -29/9‬‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻭﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺭﻧﺠﻰ‬
‫)‪0/22 (0/17– 0/27‬‬ ‫‪5 -9‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬

‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ‪ :2‬ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ‪ Z-scores‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﺪﻙﻫﺎ‬

‫ﺻﺪﻙﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪Z-scores‬‬
‫‪99/9‬‬ ‫‪+3‬‬
‫‪97/7‬‬ ‫‪+2‬‬
‫‪84‬‬ ‫‪+1‬‬
‫‪50‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪15/9‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪2/3‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪. /2‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬

‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ‪ :3‬ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 13‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 25‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺳــﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪ :‬ﻓﺮﺽ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ‪13‬‬
‫ﺗﺎ ‪ 25‬ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﻫﺮ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ‪ 0/4‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ )‪ 400‬ﮔﺮﻡ( ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ‪ 1‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻪﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺯﻥﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ )ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ (8‬ﺑﺎ ﻛﺴﺮ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺯﻥﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ ﺳــﭙﺲ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 4‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬
‫ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳـﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣـﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻃـﻮﻝ ﺑـﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ = ‪ -13) ×0/4]+1‬ﻫﻔﺘـﻪ ﺑـﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻓﻌﻠـﻰ([‬
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‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ‪ :4‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ‬

‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺩﻳﺪ ﭼﺸﻢ‬ ‫ﺟﮕﺮ*‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﻮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺯﺭﺩﻩ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺗﻴﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺯﺭﺩ‪،‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺭﻧﺠﻰ ﻭ ﻗﺮﻣﺰﺭﻧﮓ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﺳﻔﻨﺎﺝ‪ ،‬ﻫﻮﻳﺞ ﻭ ﺟﻌﻔﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻔﻞﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪A‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮ ﻭ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﻥﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴﻢ ﺁﻫﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻯ ﺭﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺯﺭﺩﺁﻟﻮ‪ ،‬ﻫﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺒﻪ ﻭ‪...‬‬
‫ﺩﻟﻤﻪ ِ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮ ﻭ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﺭﺩﻩ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺟﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻏﻨﻰﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺷﻴﺮ‬
‫‪-‬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ ﻭ ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪D‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﻏﻨﻰﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪D‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺣﻔﻆ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ‬

‫ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺭﻭﻏﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﺯﺭﺩﻩ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻐﺰﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺰﻳﺠﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﻮﻟﻴﺰ ﮔﻠﺒﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪E‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﺧﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺧﺘﻦ ﭘﻴﺮﻯ ﺳﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮگ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺗﻴﺮﻩ‬
‫‪ -‬ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﺮﺏ ﻭ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪A‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺭﺷﺪ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺑﺪﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﻔﻆ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺟﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﻮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺯﺭﺩﻩ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﻏﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﻮﺱ ﻭ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﻔﻆ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪B1‬‬
‫ﺁﺭﺩ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﮔﻨﺪﻡ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺐﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴﻢ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﻮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﻌﺎء ﻭ ﺍﺣﺸﺎء‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ‪،‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺁﻧﺰﻳﻤﻰ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪B2‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﻥﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺮگ ﺳﺒﺰ‬

‫ﺟﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺩﺍﻡﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ ‪ -‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺑﻰﻫﺎ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺳﻴﻦ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﻔﻆ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻐﺰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﻮﻥﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺑﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺟﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻏﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪B6‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﻮﻥﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬
‫ﺟﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﮔﻨﺪﻡ‪ ،‬ﻧﺨﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪﺱ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺮگ ﺳﺒﺰ ‪ -‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻮﻛﻠﺌﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺧﻮﻥﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻮﻛﻠﺌﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﻮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪B12‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺑﺪﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴﻢ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻓﻮﻟﻴﻚ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﻡ ﺯﺧﻢﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﺳﺒﺰ‪ ،‬ﮔﻞ ﻛﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺐﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻃﺎﻟﺒﻰ‪ - ،‬ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﻥﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺁﻫﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪C‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﻔﻆ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻟﺜﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﺑﺰﻩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺕﻓﺮﻧﻜﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﻔﻨﺎﺝ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﻮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﻔﻆ ﻭ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻛﻼژﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻥﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺎﺩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺧﻮﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﺑﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ‬
‫‪ -‬ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻮﻛﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥﺳﺎﻟﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﻮﻥﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺯﺭﺩﻩ ﺗﺨﻢﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﺟﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺮگ ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫ﺁﻫﻦ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻌﻀﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺰﻳﻢﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺟﻌﻔﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﮔﺸﻨﻴﺰ ﻭ‪...‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻥ ﺗﻴﺮﻭﻛﺴﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺪﻩ ﺗﻴﺮﻭﺋﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ )ﻣﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻴﮕﻮ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻚ ﻳﺪ ﺩﺍﺭ(‬ ‫ﻳﺪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﻡ ﺯﺧﻢﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺑﻌﻀﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺰﻳﻢﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻍ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﭘﻨﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻏﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺑﺪﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻮﻛﻠﺌﻴﻚ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻏﺸﺎﻯ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎﻯ ﺳﻮﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﺟﻮﺍﻧﻪ ﮔﻨﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﮕﺎ ‪3‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﺍﺗﺴﺎﻉ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﺧﻮﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﭘﻼﻛﺖﻫﺎ‬

‫* ﺍﮔﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺟﮕﺮ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻐﺬﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ A‬ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﺑﺎﻗﻴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻧﻰ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﺴﻤﻮﻣﻴﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ A‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ )‪ (BMI‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬
88
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬

‫ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ‬،‫ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷــﺖ‬.‫ ﺵ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ‬،‫ ﻭﺍﻻﻓﺮ‬،(‫ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﻤﻦ ) ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ‬.1
.1389 ‫ ﺳــﺎﻝ‬،‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﭘﺰﺷــﻜﻲ‬
2. Bonnie S. Worthington-Roberts, Sue Rodwell Williams, Mosby: Nutrition in Pregnancy
and lactation. 5th ed, St. Louis: Mosby, 1993.
3. Cunningham FG, Leveno K J, Bloom SL, Hauth JC, Rouse D J, Spong C Y: Williams
Obstetrics. 23rd ed, The McGraw-Hill, 2009.
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