Jawab

a. Tentukan besarnya beban hidup merata maksimum (quLL) yang dapat ditahan oleh struktur!
(Clue: 𝑞𝑢 = 1.2𝑞𝑢𝐷𝐿 + 1.6𝑞𝑢𝐿𝐿)

# Menghitung total beban yang bekerja (qu)

𝑞𝑢 = 1.2 𝑞𝑢𝐷𝐿 + 1.6𝑞𝑢𝐿𝐿

Asumsi berat jenis beton bertulang 𝜌 = 24 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3

𝑞𝑢 = 1.2 𝑞𝑢𝐷𝐿 + 1.6𝑞𝑢𝐿𝐿

𝑞𝑢 = 1.2 × (1.1 × 𝑏 × ℎ × 𝜌) + 1.6 𝑞𝑢𝐿𝐿
24𝐾𝑁
𝑞𝑢 = 1.2 × (1.1 × 0.3𝑚 × 0.5𝑚 × ) + 1.6 𝑞𝑢𝐿𝐿
𝑚3
(4.752 + 1.6 𝑞𝑢𝐿𝐿 )𝐾𝑁
𝑞𝑢 =
𝑚
# Menghitung nilai Mu
1
𝑀𝑢 = 𝑞𝑢 𝐿2
8
1 (4.752 + 1.6 𝑞𝑢𝐿𝐿 )𝐾𝑁
𝑀𝑢 = (5)2
8 𝑚
𝑀𝑢 = 4.5(4.752 + 1.6𝑞𝑢𝐿𝐿 )𝐾𝑁𝑚
# Menghitung nilai As

𝐷 = 25
𝑛=4
𝐷2
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑛 × 𝜋 ×
4
252
𝐴𝑠 = 4 × 𝜋 ×
4
𝐴𝑠 ≈ 1963.50 𝑚𝑚2
# Menghitung nilai 𝛽1

Diketahui bahwa kuat tekan beton 𝑓𝑐′ = 28 𝑀𝑃𝑎, sehingga berdasarkan aturan

Nilai 𝛽1 = 0.85

# menghitung nilai a

Asumsi balok beton bertulang dalam kondisi under reinforced

𝐶𝑐 = 𝑇𝑠
0.85 × 𝑓𝑐′ × 𝑎 × 𝑏 = 𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑠
𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑠
𝑎=
0.85 × 𝑓𝑐′ × 𝑏
420𝑀𝑃𝑎 × 1963.50𝑚𝑚2
𝑎=
0.85 × 28𝑀𝑃𝑎 × 300𝑚𝑚
𝑎 = 115.50𝑚𝑚
#menghitung nilai c
𝑎
𝑐=
𝛽1
115.5
𝑐=
0.85
𝑐 = 135.88𝑚𝑚
# Menghitung nilai Mn

𝑀𝑛 = 𝑇𝑠 × 𝑧
𝑎
𝑀𝑛 = 𝐴𝑠 × 𝑓𝑦 × (𝑑 − )
2
115.5
𝑀𝑛 = 1963.50𝑚𝑚2 × 420𝑀𝑃𝑎 × (450 − ) 𝑚𝑚
2
𝑀𝑛 = 32348 × 106 𝑁𝑚𝑚
𝑀𝑛 = 323.48 𝐾𝑁𝑚
# mencari niali 𝑞𝑢𝐿𝐿

𝑀𝑢 = 𝑀𝑛
4.5(4.752 + 1.6𝑞𝑢𝐿𝐿 )𝐾𝑁𝑚 = 323.48 𝐾𝑁𝑚
4.752 + 1.6𝑞𝑢𝐿𝐿 = 71.88
1.6𝑞𝑢𝐿𝐿 = 71.88 − 4.752
1.6𝑞𝑢𝐿𝐿 = 67.13
𝑞𝑢𝐿𝐿 = 41.96 𝐾𝑁/𝑚

b. Cek apakah tulangan lentur memenuhi syarat tulangan minimum dan maksimum!

# menghitung nilai 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥

0.85 × 𝑓𝑐′ × 𝛽1 × 𝑏 × 𝑑 0.003

𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = ( )
𝑓𝑦 0.003 + 𝜀𝑠
0.85 × 28 × 0.85 × 300 × 500 0.003
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = ( )
420 0.003 + 0.004
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 3096.43𝑚𝑚2
# menghitung nilai 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛

Perhtiungan 1
 √𝑓𝑐′
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ×𝑏×𝑑
4 × 𝑓𝑦
√28
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = × 300 × 500 = 472,45𝑚𝑚2
4 × 420
Perhitungan 2
1.4
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ×𝑏×𝑑
𝑓𝑦
1.4
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = × 300 × 500
420
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 500𝑚𝑚2
Gunakan nilai 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 500𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 500𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑠 ≈ 1963.50 𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 3096.43𝑚𝑚2
Karena 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝐴𝑠 < 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 ,maka dapat disimpulkan tulangan lentur memenuhi syarat tulangan
minimum dan maksimum
Soal 2

a. Luas tulangan minimum (𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 )

Perhtiungan 1
√𝑓𝑐′
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ×𝑏×𝑑
4 × 𝑓𝑦
√30
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = × 350 × 550
4 × 420
Asmin = 627.60𝑚𝑚2
Perhitungan 2
1.4
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ×𝑏×𝑑
𝑓𝑦
1.4
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = × 350 × 550
420
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 641.67𝑚𝑚2
Gunakan nilai 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 641.67𝑚𝑚2
b. Rasio penulanagn minimun (𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 )
𝐴𝑠
𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
𝑏𝑑
 641.67
𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
350 × 550
𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0033
c. Luas tulangan kondisi seimbang (𝐴𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑙 )
Menghitung nilai 𝛽1
𝑓𝑐′ − 28
𝛽1 = 0.85 − 0.05 ( )
7
30 − 28
𝛽1 = 0.85 − 0.05 ( )
7
𝛽1 = 0.835
Menghitung nilai 𝜀𝑦
𝑓𝑦
𝜀𝑦 =
𝐸𝑠
420
𝜀𝑦 =
200000
𝜀𝑦 = 0.002

0.85 × 𝑓𝑐′ × 𝑏 × 𝛽1 × 𝑑 0.003

𝐴𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑙 = ( )
𝑓𝑦 0.003 + 𝜀𝑦
0.85 × 30 × 350 × 0.835 × 550 0.003
𝐴𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑙 = ( )
420 0.003 + 0.002
2
𝐴𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑙 = 5745.536mm
d. Rasio penulanagn balanced (𝜌𝑏𝑎𝑙 )
𝐴𝑠
𝜌𝑏𝑎𝑙 =
𝑏𝑑
5745.536
𝜌𝑏𝑎𝑙 =
350 × 550
𝜌𝑏𝑎𝑙 = 0.0298
e. Luas tulangan maksimum (𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 )

0.85 × 𝑓𝑐′ × 𝑏 × 𝛽1 × 𝑑 0.003

𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = ( )
𝑓𝑦 0.003 + 𝜀𝑠
0.85 × 30 × 350 × 0.835 × 550 0.003
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = ( )
420 0.003 + 0.004
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 4186.033𝑚𝑚2
f. Rasio penulangan maksimum (𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑠 )
𝐴𝑠
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
𝑏𝑑
4186.033
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
350 × 550
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.0217
g. Jika digunakan 4 tulangan berdiameter 22 mm (4D22), hitung tinggi stress block (a); posisi
sumbu netral penampang (c); dan nilai Mn (kNm). Apakah penampang memenuhi syarat
tulangan minimum dan maksimum?

1. Tinggi stress block (a)

 𝐷2
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑛 × 𝜋 ×
4
222
𝐴𝑠 = 4 × 𝜋 ×
4
𝐴𝑠 = 1520.53𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦
𝑎=
0.85 × 𝑓𝑐; × 𝑏
1520.53 × 420
𝑎=
0.85 × 30 × 350
𝑎 = 71.55𝑚𝑚
2. Posisi sumbu netral (c)
𝑎
𝑐=
𝛽1
71.55
𝑐=
0.835
𝑐 = 85.62𝑚𝑚
3. Nilai Mn
𝑀𝑛 = 𝑇𝑠 × 𝑧
𝑎
𝑀𝑛 = 𝐴𝑠 × 𝑓𝑦 × (𝑑 − )
2
71.55
𝑀𝑛 = 1520.53 × 420 × (550 − )
2
𝑀𝑛 = 328394486.2 𝑁𝑚𝑚
𝑀𝑛 = 328.39 𝐾𝑁𝑚

𝐴𝑠 = 1520.53𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 4186.033𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 641.67𝑚𝑚2
Karena 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝐴𝑠 < 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 , maka dapat disimpulkan luas panampang memenuhi syarat

h. Dari perhitungan yang sudah dilakukan, bahas secara akademik nilai ρ dan apa kesimpulan
anda?
Dari hasil perhitungan di atas diperoleh nilai 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 > 𝜌𝑏𝑎𝑙 > 𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 hal ini sebanding dengan nilai
𝐴𝑚𝑎𝑥 > 𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑙 > 𝐴𝑚𝑖𝑛
 Soal 3

Cek apakah tulangan memenuhi syarat penulangan minimum dan maksimum.

# menentukan nilai 𝛽1

𝑓𝑐′ = 35 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑐′ − 28
𝛽1 = 0.85 − 0.05 ( )
7
35 − 28
𝛽1 = 0.85 − 0.05 ( )
7
𝛽1 = 0.8
# menghitung nilai As

n=6

D = 25

𝐷2
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑛 × 𝜋 ×
4
252
𝐴𝑠 = 6 × 𝜋 ×
4
𝐴𝑠 = 2945.24
# menentukan nilai c saat Amaks

Nilai Amaks terjadi saat 𝜀𝑠 = 0.004

𝜀𝑠 𝜀𝑦
=
𝑑−𝑐 𝑐
𝑑 − 𝑐 𝜀𝑠
=
𝑐 𝜀𝑦
450 − 𝑐 0.004
=
𝑐 0.003
450 4
−1 =
𝑐 3
450 7
=
𝑐 3
3
𝑐 = × 450
7
𝑐 = 192.86𝑚𝑚
# menentukan nilai a

𝛽1 = 0.8
𝑐 = 192.86
𝑎 = 𝛽1 × 𝑐
𝑎 = 0.8 × 192.86
𝑎 = 154.29𝑚𝑚
# menghitung nilai 𝐴𝑐

(𝑗𝑢𝑚𝑙𝑎ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑖 𝑠𝑒𝑗𝑎𝑗𝑎𝑟) × 𝑎

𝐴𝑐 =
2
(300 + 300 + 2 × 𝑥) × 𝑎
𝐴𝑐 =
2
𝑎
(600 + 2 × × 75) × 𝑎
𝐴𝑐 = 500
2
(600 + 0.3𝑎) × 𝑎
𝐴𝑐 =
2
(600 + 0.3 × 154.29) × 154.29
𝐴𝑐 =
2
𝐴𝑐 = 49856.33𝑚𝑚2
# menghitung nilai Asmax

𝑓𝑦 × 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑠 = 0.85 × 𝑓𝑐′ × 𝐴𝑐

0.85 × 𝑓𝑐′ × 𝐴𝑐
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑠 =
𝑓𝑦
0.85 × 35 × 49856.33
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑠 =
420
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑠 = 3531.49 𝑚𝑚2