Experiment-1 (EC-102)

Dated: January 10 ,2024

Course Instructor: Dr. Chhavi Dhiman

Aim:
Write a program to perform the following operations: Create an array of elements, delete
any element, search any element, Insertion of any element and display the results to
implement list using an array.

Objectives:
1. Create an array of elements.
2. Implement a function to delete a specified element from the array.
3. Implement a function to search for a given element in the array.
4. Implement a function to insert a new element at a specified position in the array.
5. Display the array after each operation to demonstrate the results.

Materials Required:

1. Personal Computer (PC) with a C language compiler installed

2. Text editor or Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for writing and editing
C code (e.g., Visual Studio Code).
3. Basic understanding of C programming concepts.

Code:
#include <stdio.h>

// Maximum size of the array

#define MAX_SIZE 100

// Function to create an array

int createArray(int arr[], int size) {
printf("Enter the number of elements (up to %d): ",
MAX_SIZE); scanf("%d", &size);

printf("Enter the elements:\

n"); for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
 }

return size;
}

// Function to display the array

void displayArray(int arr[], int size)
{
printf("Array elements: ");
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
}
printf("\n");
}

// Function to search for an element in the array

int searchElement(int arr[], int size, int key) {
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
if (arr[i] == key) {
return i; // Element found, return its index
}
}
return -1; // Element not found
}

// Function to delete an element from the array

int deleteElement(int arr[], int *size, int key) {
int index = searchElement(arr, *size, key);

if (index != -1) {
// Shift elements to the left to overwrite the deleted
element for (int i = index; i < *size - 1; i++) {
arr[i] = arr[i + 1];
}
(*size)--;
return 1; // Element deleted successfully
} else {
return 0; // Element not found, deletion unsuccessful
}
}

// Function to insert an element into the array

int insertElement(int arr[], int *size, int position, int element)
{ if (*size == MAX_SIZE) {
printf("Array is full. Cannot insert element.\n");
return 0; // Insertion unsuccessful
}
 if (position < 0 || position > *size) {
printf("Invalid position for insertion.\
n"); return 0; // Insertion unsuccessful
}

// Shift elements to the right to make space for the new

element for (int i = *size; i > position; i--) {
arr[i] = arr[i - 1];
}

// Insert the new element at the specified position

arr[position] = element;
(*size)++;
return 1; // Insertion successful
}

int main() {
int arr[MAX_SIZE];
int size = 0;

size = createArray(arr, size);

int choice, key, position, element;

do {
printf("\nMenu:\n");
printf("1. Display Array\n");
printf("2. Search Element\n");
printf("3. Delete Element\n");
printf("4. Insert Element\n");
printf("5. Exit\n");
printf("Enter your choice: ");
scanf("%d", &choice);

switch (choice) {
case 1:
displayArray(arr, size);
break;
case 2:
printf("Enter the element to search: ");
scanf("%d", &key);
int index = searchElement(arr, size, key);
if (index != -1) {
printf("Element found at index %d.\n", index);
} else {
printf("Element not found.\n");
}
 break;
case 3:
printf("Enter the element to delete: ");
scanf("%d", &key);
if (deleteElement(arr, &size, key)) {
printf("Element deleted successfully.\n");
} else {
printf("Element not found. Deletion unsuccessful.\n");
}
break;
case 4:
printf("Enter the position for insertion: ");
scanf("%d", &position);
printf("Enter the element to insert: ");
scanf("%d", &element);
if (insertElement(arr, &size, position, element)) {
printf("Element inserted successfully.\n");
}
break;
case 5:
printf("Exiting program.\n");
break;
default:
printf("Invalid choice. Please enter a valid option.\n");
}

} while (choice != 5);

return 0;
}

Theory(Code Explanation):

1. Macro Definition:

 Defines a macro MAX_SIZE to represent the maximum size of the array.

2. Function Definitions:

createArray Function:
 Takes an array and its current size as parameters.
  Prompts the user to enter the number of elements and their values.
 Returns the updated size of the array.
displayArray Function:
 Takes an array and its size as parameters.
 Prints the elements of the array using a loop.
searchElement Function:
 Takes an array, its size, and an element to search as parameters.
 Uses a loop to iterate through the array, checking if the current element matches
the key.
 Returns the index of the element if found, otherwise returns -1.
deleteElement Function:
 Takes an array, a pointer to its size, and an element to delete as parameters.
 Calls the searchElement function to find the index of the element to be deleted.
 If the element is found, shifts the elements to the left to overwrite the
deleted element and decrements the size.
 Returns 1 if the element is deleted successfully, 0 if the element is not found.
insertElement Function:
 Takes an array, a pointer to its size, the position for insertion, and the element
to insert as parameters.
 Checks if the array is full and if the insertion position is valid.
 Shifts elements to the right to make space for the new element and inserts
the element at the specified position.
 Increments the size.
 Returns 1 if the insertion is successful, 0 otherwise.
3. main Function:
 Declares an array and initializes the variable representing the array size.
 Calls the createArray function to populate the array with user input.
 Uses a do-while loop to display a menu and execute user-selected operations
until the user chooses to exit.
 The menu includes options to display the array, search for an element, delete
an element, insert an element, and exit.
 Calls corresponding functions based on the user's choice.
 Continues to loop until the user selects the exit option.

Output: