Vitamins

Kurdistan Regional Government – Iraq, College of Science

Ministry of Higher Education Chemistry Department
and Scientific Research first stage
Koya university Academic Debate report

Academic Debate

Vitamins

Prepared By:- Supervised by:-

Akar esmail Mr.bestoon

11/1/2023

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Vitamins

Introduction :-

Vitamins are essential organic nutrients required in very small amounts

for normal metabolism, growth and physical well-being.
Most vitamins are not made in the body, or only in insufficient amount,
are mainly obtained through food. When their intake is inadequate,
vitamin deficiency disorders are the consequence
No single food contains all of the vitamins and, therefore a balanced and
varied diet is necessary for an adequate intake. Each of the 13 vitamins
known today has specific function in the body, which makes every one
of them unique and irreplaceable.
Of the 13 vitamins, 4 are fat-soluble, namely vitamins A , D, E and K.
The other vitamins are water-soluble: vitamin C and B-complex,
consisting of vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12, folic acid, biotin, pantothenic
and niacin.

What is the important vitamin :-

Vitamins help your body grow and work the way it should. There are 13
essential vitamins — vitamins A, C, D, E, K, and the B vitamins
(thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin, B6, B12, and
folate).
Vitamins have different jobs to help keep the body working properly

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Vitamins
Types of Vitamins:-

1:- Vitamin A
Vitamin A is the name of a group of fat- soluble retinoids, including
retinol, retinal, and retinyl esters .Vitamin A is involved in immune
function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication Vitamin A is
critical for vision as an essential component of rhodopsin, a protein that
absorbs light in the retinal receptors, and because it supports the normal
differentiation and functioning of the conjunctival membranes and
cornea [. Vitamin A also supports cell growth and differentiation,
playing a critical role in the normal formation and maintenance of the
heart, lungs, kidneys, and other organs .

2:- Vitamin K
Vitamin K refers to structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamers
found in foods and marketed as dietary supplements. The
human body requires vitamin K for post-synthesis
modification of certain proteins that are required for blood
coagulation or for controlling binding of calcium in bones
and other tissues.

3:- Vitamin C

Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin found in various foods

and sold as a dietary supplement. It is used to prevent and
treat scurvy. Vitamin C is an essential nutrient involved in
the repair of tissue, the formation of collagen, and the
enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters.

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Vitamins
4:- Vitamin D

Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble secosteroids

responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium,
magnesium, and phosphate, and many other biological
effects. In humans, the most important compounds in this
group are vitamin D3 and vitamin D2.

5:- Vitamin E

Vitamin E is a group of eight fat soluble compounds that

include four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. Vitamin E
deficiency, which is rare and usually due to an underlying
problem with digesting dietary fat rather than from a diet
low in vitamin E, can cause nerve problems.

Symptoms of vitamins:-

Vitamin A:-

8 most common signs and symptoms Of vitamin A deficiency :-.

1- Dry skin.
2-Dry Eyes.
3-NightBlindness
4-lnfertility and Trouble conceiving
5-Delayed Growth
6-Throat and chest infections
7-poor wound Healing
8-acne and break

Vitamin B:-
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• The B vitamins are a group of eight nutrients, each with

unique roles in keeping the body healthy. They're especially
important for maintaining cell health and keeping you
energized.
• The symptoms of a vitamin B deficiency vary depending on
which B vitamin you're deficient in
• Symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency:
- Tiredness
- Weakness —Loss of appetite soreness of the mouth or tongue

Vitamin C:-

Symptoms of severe vitamin C deficiency

Can months to develop .there are some
Subtle signs to watch out for
Here are the 15 most common signs and symptoms
Of vitamin C deficiency
I-Rough, Bumpy skin.
2-Corks crew shaped body hair
3-Bright Red hair follicles
4-Spoon_shaped fingernails with Red spots or lines
5-Dry , damaged skin.
6-Easy,Bruising
7-slowly Healing wounds
8-painful ,swollen joints
9-weak Bones.
10-Bleeding Gums and tooth less
11-poor immunity
12-persistent iron deficiency Anemia
13-fatigue and poor mood
14-unexplained weight Gain
15- chronic inflammation and oxidative stress

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Vitamin D:-

Vitamin D is one of many vitamin our

body need to stay healthy. This vitamin
has many functions ,including:
I- keeping bones strong
2-Absorbing calcium
3-working with parathyroid gland

Signs and symptoms might include:

Fatigue
Bone pain
Mood changes ,like depression
Muscle weakness , muscle ache ,or muscle cramps

Vitamin E:-
Genetic disorders and impaired fat absorption are the leading
Course of vitamin E deficiency of developed countries
Discover
• Major symptoms
-Hemolytic anemia
-Increased red blood cell fragment
-Muscular weakness

Vitamin K:-

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Vitamins

Vitamin K deficiency is rare in adults because many of the foods we eat.

Vitamin K deficiency is much more Common in infants. In infants , the
Condition is called VKDB for vitamin k

Deficiency bleeding.
The main symptom of vitamin K
deficiency Is excessive bleeding.

Fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins

Vitamins:-

are either soluble, or dissolvable, in fat or water. We describe both types

below:
Fat-soluble vitamins
Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble. The body stores Trusted Source
fat-soluble vitamins in fatty tissue and the liver, and reserves of these
vitamins can stay in the body for days and sometimes months.
Dietary fats help the body absorb fat-soluble vitamins through the
intestinal tract.
Water-soluble vitamins
Water-soluble vitamins do not stay Trusted Source in the body for long
and cannot be stored. They leave the body via the urine. Because of this,
people need a more regular supply of water-soluble vitamins than fat-
soluble ones.
Vitamin C and all the B vitamins are water-soluble Trusted Source.

Reference:-
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1:-health.com/nutrition/the-best-foods-for-every-vitamin-and-mineral
2:- https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/195878
3:-health.com/nutrition/the-best-foods-for-every-vitamin-and-mineral

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