Author/s Year Title Problem/aim Methods Result and Discussion Recommendation

(Rotowa 2020 Evaluation of The study was The method was analyzed The fiber length of bambusa N/A
Odunayo, Fiber Quality carried out to with respect to 3 vulgaris (Green Bamboo) fall
Zaccheaus of Bambusa determine the locations, 10 stem samples within short fiber, non-wood
Tunde Vulgaris variation in the and 4disc levels while the cellulosic materials. Axial
Egbewole, (Green fiber properties variable measured were: sampling of bambusa vulgaris
Omoake Bamboo) as a of Bamboo fiber length, fiber (Green Bamboo) showed no
Paul Raw Material diameter, lumen width, significant differences in the
Omoh) for Pulp and cell wall thickness, runkel fiber qualities at any height of
Paper ratio, flexibility ratio and the bamboo stem with the
Production felting coefficient exception runkel ratio and
flexibility ratio. This is
indicating that bamboo
possesses good pulping
qualities suitable for pulp and
paper production. bambusa
vulgaris (Bamboo) fiber
characteristics as reported in
this study, showed that, they
are well suited for tissue,
corrugating medium,
newsprint, and writing paper.
(Razak 2004 Strength and The study is N/A Investigations on the strength N/A
Wahab, Durability of focused on and performance of an oil-
Hashim Bamboo identifying the cured bamboo in a 12 months
Samsi, Treated strength and ground contact tests show
Mahmud Through an durability of that the bamboo experienced
Sudin, Oil-curing bamboo from some reduction in their
Moktar Process various strength properties and
Janshah) environments greatly enhanced the
durability against biodegration
agents. The MOE value in
bending strength were
reduced by 13 to 42% in green
and 3 to 29% in air-dried
condition. In the MOR
modulus in the bending
strength, the value we’re
reduced by 10 to 35% in green
and 2 to 31% in air-dried
condition. The compression
strength we’re reduced by 18
to 33% in green and 14 to 27%
in air-dried condition. The
shear strength we’re reduced
in the range between 16 to
58% in green and 14 to 54% in
air-dried samples. An overall
decreased in weight loss also
occurred of oil-cured samples
after 12months of ground
contact tests. Green condition
sample recorded a decreased
in weight loss between 4 to
33% and 4 to 33% in air-dried
samples. Control samples that
are composed of untreated
bamboo and rubberwood
experienced weight loss of
about 48 and 40%,
 respectively. An oil-cured
bamboo performed much
better compared to those of
untreated in ground contact
tests. The weight loss in tern
of percentage after 12 months
attest varies from 4 to 34%
with sample oil-cured at
higher temperature.
(Elika Gaid) 2015 The The study seeks The researcher conducted Sample A, which is made from N/A
Effectiveness the possibility of two trials with different orange peelings with less
of Orange using pulp of procedures and varying waste paper and more water,
Peelings as an orange peelings concentrations of was not evaluated since it was
Alternative and used paper adhesives a failure and the product
Paper in as an alternative produced was not paper
terms of source of paper because it didn’t dry for one
Writability day. Sample B, which is made
and Durability from orange peelings with
more paper and more water,
was the one evaluated
because it became a paper
with a smooth texture. 48% of
the respondents answered
can be easily to write, and
42% of the respondents
answered writtings are visible.
However, 10% of the
respondents answered can
hardly write on the paper. The
researcher concluded that
 orange peelings can be an
alternative source of paper
due to its produced texture
(Daniel N/A Potential of The laboratory The internode was N/A
Sekyere) Bamboo studies were separated from the solid Fiber Dimension and derived
(Bambusa carried out to node and were cut values for Bamboo: Table 11
Vulgaris) as a determine the separately by hand chip shows the Fiber Dimensions
source of Raw pulping size about 6 x 10 x 30mm and derived values for
Material for characteristic of by hand. The nodes and bambusa vulgaris from Ghana,
Pulp and a local variety of internodes were weighed; Philippines and India.
Paper bamboo moisture contents were Generally the fibers of
Production (Bambusa determined, and the bamboo are longer than those
Vulgaris) respective percentage of the hardwoods (Tamolang
oven-dry weights were et al, 1957; Tamolang et al
calculated. Fiber 1960). Generally, the
Dimension: Portion of the suitability of a material for
internode (90%) and node pulp and paper is largely
(10%) were treated with determined by its, runkel
equal volumes of glacial ratio. The lower the ratio, the
acetic acid and hydrogen better material or paper
peroxide (20% volume) in making (Lessard and
a beaker. The beaker was Chouinard, 1980). Ghana’s
suspended in separately. bamboo, with a relatively
Pulp Evaluation; beating lower runkel ratio compared
was carried out in a to those of the Philippines
Lampen Ball-Mill. Hand and India will therefore
sheets were tested after produce pulp of higher
conditioning at 25C and strength. Chemical
65% relative humidity Composition of Bamboo; The
results in table 2 show that
 holocellulose content of
bamboo from Ghana is higher
than the bambusa
arundinacea (FAO, 1973, A
species used currently for
production of pulp and paper
commercially. The high yields
of pulp could be obtained
from the material. There was
no significant difference the
lignin contents of the bamboo
from Ghana and that of the
Philippines
(S. 2021 Mechanical The study focuses The study utilized inter The after effects of malleable N/A
Karthikaya Properties of on determining laminar shear strength test utilizing UTM are
n et al.) Orange the mechanical test, tensile test, organized in table 4.1 it is
Peelings properties of compression test and seen that the elasticity is
orange peelings
Reinforced flexural test to determine greatest for the composite
for pulp and
Epoxy the properties of orange arranged with 40% fiber.
paper production
Composite peel. Specifically, its However, for 30% fiber
tensile strength, flexibility, composite the rigidity
compressibility, and shear diminishes in view of the void
strength substance. The three point
twist test was done in UTM
machine as per ASTM D-790
to gauge the flexural strength
of the composites. The
flexural strength, flexural
modulus and ILSS esteems are
organized in Table 4.2 the
table, it is seen that the
composite having 30% fiber
content has the most note
worthy estimations of flexural
strength, flexural modulus and
ILSS. Figure 4.2 it is seen that
the flexural and ILSS esteems
are getting most extreme for
the composite arranged with
20% fiber. ILSS esteems are
classified in Table 4.3. from
the table, it is seen that the
composite having 35% fiber
content has the most elevated
estimations of flexural
strength, flexural modulus and
ILSS. Figure 4.3 it is seen that
the flexural and ILSS esteems
are getting most extreme for
the composite arranged with
35% fiber. The after effects of
pressure test utilizing are
arranged in Table 4.4, From
figure 4,4 it is seen that the
compressive strength is
greatest for the composite
arranged with 30% fiber.
However, for 40% fiber
composite the compressive
strength diminishes in view of
the void substance. The
consequences of pressure test
utilizing are organized in Table
4,5. From figure 4.5 it is seen
that the effect of strength is
greatest for the composite
arranged with 30% and 40%
fiber. However, for 35% fiber
composite the effect strength
diminishes on account for the
void substance