TLE

7/8 Handicraft &

Nailcare

LEARNER’S MATERIAL
 TLE
(Handicraft Making)
Grade 7/8

Schools Division Office Development Team : Violeta L. Francisco, Marissa O. Aguir-

re, Perlie B. Besana, Bernadette S. Necesito, Marissa M. Esteban

TLE (Handicraft Making) Grade 7/8

PIVOT IV-A Learner’s Material
Quarter 1
First Edition, 2020

Published by: Department of Education Region IV-A CALABARZON

 Using Basic Tools and Materials in
I Lesson

This lesson focuses on the use of basic tools in embroidery. After going
through this lesson, you are expected to identify the basic tools and materials in
embroidery, perform embroidery stitches based on the given steps and observe
proper used of tools.
Basic Tools and Materials in Embroidery
Embroidery is the ornamentation of textiles and other materials with
needlework for personal use and decoration not only at home but for offices as
well. The term embroidery is an English word derived from the old French
embroiders meaning edge and border.
Tools – refers to small or handy devices/instruments used in sewing.
Materials – are supplies that are consumed and replace from time to time in
finishing a project.
Embroidery- the art of designing with needle and thread.
Fabric- any woven, knitted or felt cloth.
Thread - a very fine cord composed of strand or strands of spun silk, flax or
cotton used in sewing.
Design - arrangement of line, form, color and texture with the purpose of
achieving order and beauty.
Tools
1. Tape measure is a measuring tool used to measure more than one-foot
distance or materials.
2. Gauge is use to measure short distance
3. Thimbles is made from metal or plastic use to protect the middle finger from
being prick and pushes the needle while doing embroidery work. This comes
in size 6(small) to 12(large).
4. Embroidery hoop/stiletto – made of wood, bone, metal or plastic use to
make eyelets in the fabric to be embroidered. It is also use to keep the fabric
stretched while embroidery stitches are applied on the design.
5. Embroidery scissor – is small, sharp and pointed-good for fine work use for
trimming scallops, clipping threads and cutting large eyelets.
6. Sewing box is use to keep together the embroidery tools and materials.
7. Bag to keep work clean and fresh, have a bag made from washable material
to hold tour work when not busy on it.
Materials
1. Fabrics are sometimes referred to as cloth, which are of great variety and
they differ in material, weight, weave, design, color and finish.
Types of Fabrics
A. Common weave includes most tightly woven fabrics with a relatively
smooth surface like linen, wool and cotton. They are best used for articles
with decorative stitches .
B. Even-weave – are intended for hardanger embroidery since the number of
threads per square inch is sane for both warp and woof .
C. Basket weave – is commonly used by beginners and ramie linen by those
who have been used to this embroidery. It supplies guidelines for cross
stitch and smocking having an evenly spaced pattern like gingham cloth
and polka dots .

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2. Thread is available in various types. They differ in terms of texture, fiber
content, number of strands and color. They are usually coded in numbers and

Embroidery Stitches
There are various embroidery stitches which you can choose from when
you do embroidery work. For you to gain more skill on this line, below are the
different embroidery stitches which will be your basis to produce embroidery
project/s.

Back stitch – the most often used to outline a design. This

stitch also forms the base line for other embroidery stitches

Bullion stitch - a single detached stitch that is used for

filling in a design area. Rows of bullion stitches may also be
used to outline a design. It is recommended that one uses a
needle with a small eye for ease in pulling .

Chain stitch - one of the more popular stitches used for

outlining. When worked in close rows, chain stitches make
good stitches for filling the design area.

Cross-stitch - stitched formed by two crossing arms and

may be used for outlining, as borders or to fill in an entire
area .

Split stitch - done using quite thick threads, such as wool.

It was used as an outlining stitch or as a filling stitch.

Seed stitch - also known as rice grain stitch. Stitch uses

simple straight stitches in a single direction to fill in
patterns. It has shorter stitches above the fabric and longer
stitches on the reverse side. They remind of strawberry
seeds, probably, which inspired its name..
Stem Stitch - basically an outline stitch, this stitch is
usually used for flower stems, and outlines. It can only be
used as filling, rows of Stem stitch worked closely together
within a shape until it is filled completely .

Feather stitch - a stitch with a loop and stitches evenly

worked on both left and right sides of a design area .

Fish Bone is a kind of filling stitch which is ideal for

making leaves or feathers. It requires us to divide the
pattern into two and each side is filled alternately giving it a
plaited effect in the centre, thus ideal to make leaves or
feathers

French knot is a single detached stitched used primarily to

fill in a design area. It is a popular stitch among
embroiderers in that it can be used to create the eyes on an
embroidered face or the center of a flower.

Herringbone stitch is a basic overlapping stitch popular

for its use in borders.

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 Lazy daisy chain stitch is also called detached chain
stitch, this stitch is work in a circle to resemble the petals
of a flower.

Looped stitch - a very decorative stitch and can be

experimented with threads for various colors over borders.
Close layers of this stitch can create wonderful effects on
a pattern.

Satin stitch - a solid filling stitch that is used to cover a

design area with long, straight stitches worked very close
together.

Running stitch - considered being the easiest stitch for

outlining.

D
Learning Task 1: Using the given list below, encircle the words on the word
puzzle.

H E R R I N G B O N E R F

O N M U D I S A N I N I A

A F N B A O H C 0 T U M S

R U N G R B N K I A O D P

D A E R H O O P S S P E L

G U E S I A I I M I S T I

U N D L I S E D R J A O T

I L L U S T H R E A D O R

L U D G E J O D L R I Y W

B A S E N G O A I W Y F I

C L I E C N U O P L O T Y

Learning Task 2: Rearrange the jumbled letters to form the correct name of tools
or materials being described on the given statement.
REWAT ROCLO SHRUB 1. A tool use for transferring the design using pricking
and pouncing method .
BLETHIMS 2. Tool made from metal or plastic use to protect the
middle finger from being prick and pushes the needle
while doing embroidery work.
LEENDE DREHEART 3. A tool use to easier threading especially by those
sewers with poor eyesight .
BRAFICS 4. Referred to as cloth, are of great variety and they differ in material,
weight, weave, design, color and finish.
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 PEAT SEAMURE 5. Measuring tool used to measure more than one-foot
distance or materials.

E
Learning Task 3: Make an embroidery stitch by following the given steps below.

Back Stitch
1. Bring the thread through A and make it in through B.
This creates one stitch.
2. Bring the thread through C and take it in through B. This
way, we are creating a stitch by taking the thread backward.
3. Bring the thread through D and take it C through.
Continue this pattern to finish the design.
4. A finished line of back stitch will look like this.

A
Learning Task 4. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the answer on
your notebook.
1. What do you call a fine powder that is used in transferring the design before
doing embroidery article?
A. Baby powder B. Pounce C. Baking powder D. Threader
2. What kind of embroidery is appropriate in working with heavy yarns?
A. Chinelle needle B. Tapestry needle C. Crewel needle D. Machine needle
3. Which of the following embroidery stitches uses a small eye needle for easy
pulling of thread?
A. Back stitch B . Looped stitch C. Chain stitch D. Bullion stitch
4. What embroidery tool is used to measure short distances?
A. GaugeB. Tape measure C. Ruler D. Yard stick
5. An embroidery stitch that is ideal for making leaves or feathers.
A. Herringbone stitch B. Fish bone stitch
C. Lazy daisy chain stitch D. Feather stitch

Create Embroidered Article

Lesson
I

This lesson focuses on the creation of embroidered article. After

going through this lesson, you are expected to identify principles and
elements of design, create embroidered article based on principles and
elements of design, and apply Color scheme in creating the design,
transfer a design following the given steps and practice good working
habit.
Principles and Elements of Design
The principles of designs are concepts used to organize or arrange the
structural elements of design. These the ways in which these principles are
applied the affects the expressive content, or the message of the work.
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A. Principles of Design
1. Balance – the design should be identified on both sides. In this principle it
may be formed in two ways:
a. Symmetrically or the formal balance – it can be described as having
equal "weight" in color, shape and size on each side of a design.
b. Asymmetrically or the informal balance – it is the opposite of formal
balance in which design have unequal proportion.
2. Proportion - A connection of all parts in a whole object. It refers to the size
and scale of the various elements in a design.
3. Emphasis –or the center of interest of a design. The eye catches the most im-
portant part of a design then to the other details.
4. Rhythm – These are smooth movement lines and colors which carry the eyes
along in motion. Rhythm can be created in three ways in a design.
a. Repetition b. Radiation and c. Gradation
5. Harmony - a relationship of different portion of design. This principle shows
repetition of line, form, shape and size to give a feeling of oneness.

B. Elements of Design
1. Line– It is skeleton or basic foundation of vertical or horizontal sketch.
2. Texture- it refers to the roughness and smoothness appearance of an object. It
can also be dull or glossy, thick or thin in appearance.
3. Color– is something that affect the appearance of project. It may be cool, warm,
bright or dull.
There are categories of colors based on the color wheel.
a. Primary Colors- are 3 pigment colors that cannot be mixed by any
combination of other colors. (Red, yellow and blue)
b. Secondary Colors– It is the sum of two primary colors. (Green, orange and
purple)
c. Tertiary Colors- It is also known as intermediate color. Colors are formed
by mixing primary and secondary color in the color wheel. (Yellow-orange,
red-orange, red-purple, blue-purple, blue-green and yellow-green)

Color Schemes
The beauty of any color scheme depends upon how well the colors harmonize. To
harmonize, colors must appear to belong together.
1. Monochromatic Color– it is one color harmony in which uses the same
color in different values and intensity.
2. Adjacent color harmony - is also known as analogous color harmony that
are next to each other on the color wheel.
3. Complementary Color Harmony – It is a very pleasing color that are
opposite in the color wheel.
a. Complementary colors – directly opposite in the color wheel. Example,
red and green, blue and orange, yellow and violet.
b. Split complementary colors – Uses two colors adjacent to its
complement.
c. Triad gives quite vibrant version of color. It uses colors that are evenly
spaced around the color wheel.
Methods in Transferring of Design
1. Tracing Method is a method which the design is directly transferred onto
the fabric. In this method it uses light sources, marking chalks or pencil,
tracing wheel and carbon paper.

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2. Hot-iron Transfer— it is a ready made design normally printed in black,
blue, or gray ink which activated by the heat of an iron.
3. Stamping– or pouncing method is a common way of transferring embroidery
design by means of stamping and pricking holes along the lines of a design
using soft absorbent cloth, kerosene, newspaper and perforated design.

D
Arrange Me!!!
E B M R I O D Y R E
Answer: __________________________

Learning Task 1: Answer the following questions:

1. Have you seen the picture of embroidered project ?
2. Describe how is it looked like. (Example the texture, shape, etc.)
3. What do you think should be considered in creating
embroidery project?

Learning Task 2: Classify the words listed below if it belongs to

Elements of Design or Principles of Design. Answer it in your test

WORD BANK

Line Balance Color Rhythm Emphasis Harmony

Texture Proportion Symmetrical Asymmetrical

E
Learning Task 3: In a pattern paper or short bond paper, copy the
picture of any of the embroidery designs. Then choose the color
combination you prefer to use. Do it in a separate sheet then compile it
in your envelope.

Materials :
• Pattern paper or bond paper
• Pencil
• Eraser
• Color/ color pencil

A
Learning Task 4: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter which
corresponds to the correct answer and write it in your notebook.
1. This principle shows repetition of line, form, shape and size.
A. Emphasis C. Harmony
B. Balance D. Texture
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 2. Which of the following principles of design refers to the size and scale
of various elements in a design?
A. Balance C. Emphasis
B. Proportion D. Harmony
3. Rhythm can be created in three ways. Which of the following is not
belong?
A. Repetition C. Radiation
B. Harmony D. Gradation
4. A type of balance which can be described as having equal weight is
known as ________.
A. Balance C. Rhythm
B. Harmony D. Symmetrical
5. The smooth movement of lines and colors which carry the eyes along
in motion.
A. Rhythm C. Proportion
B. Harmony D. Balance
Learning Task 5: Enumerate the 3 basic method of transferring
embroidery design.
1.
2.
3.
Learning Task 6: Lists down 7 example of good working habit.
1. 5.
2. 6.
3. 7.

Understand Recycling
Lesson
I
This is a lesson on understanding recycling. After going through this
lesson, you are expected to identify recycled articles based on recycled
materials.

Are you
familiar with
this symbol?

What is
this symbol
all about?

What is
this
recycling?

Y E C R C L G N I

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 Recycling is the process of transforming items which already served its
original purpose but is still durable into something that can still be used for
another purpose is one good answer to the worsening problem of garbage disposal.
Instead of throwing away the scraps we have at home and totally waste them, we
can be more imaginative, creative and resourceful person by seeing potential in
waste materials. There is truth in saying that “There is cash in trash” All we need is
a little entrepreneurial skill and a lot of concern for environment.
There are vast materials that are locally available in your community which
you can recycle into useful and artistic articles for personal and home use.
Types of Recycling
A. Internal recycling - Involves the use of materials that are waste products of
a manufacturing process. An example of this is the processing of spent grain mash,
a waste product of distillation, into cattle feeds.
B. External recycling - Is the reclaiming of materials from a product that has
been worn out due to constant use. A good example of this type is the conversion of
old news papers and magazines into other paper product.
Advantages of Recycling
1. Decrease pollution and ease the garbage pollution.
2. Conserve resources.
3. Enhance creativity and resourcefulness.
4. Potential in making a profitable business.
5. Makes people environmentally aware.
6. Promotes scientific advancements in recyclable and biodegradable materials
7. Makes governments and businesses choose programs and apply policies in
consideration of preserving and respecting the environment.
It is very important that we should know how to manage our waste. Waste
management is the proper disposal and recycling of trash. If you notice, recycling
has a great impact to the environment because of its role of converting the old
items into new goods. It is also a help of the environment to achieve a healthy liv-
ing earth. How can the old item becomes new? That would be our lesson for this
module. But before that, you should identify first the materials to be use in
recycling.
2 Forms of Recycling
1. Biodegradable Waste – It is the process of composting any decomposable waste
or trash such as food waste which is a form of recycling.
2. Non-Biodegradable Waste -are recyclable resources like glass, paper, metal,
plastic, textiles including electronics and batteries.

Material Description

1. Paper It is a substance made from wood or other fibrous

material, usually used in writing, printing and wrapping.
Papers are also known as biodegradable waste for
composting. It can be recycled as Paper woven basket,
paper mâché’ articles, paper beads, paper sculpture, boxes
for gift wrapping, album covers and paper bags.
2. Plastic Plastic products include beverage bottles and containers
commonly used for liquid goods and body-care products. It
can be recycled as Planters, plant tags, plastic sculptures
and organizers.

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 3. Glass Glass is one of the easiest materials to recycle because It
can be easily crushed and ready to be melted called cullet.
It can be recycled to decanter, storage items terrariums,
cut bottles, bent bottles and glass tiles.
4. Fabric scrap It is any cloth or goods produced by weaving,
knitting ,Quilting and patchwork projects, rag rugs,
doilies, runners of hand stitched circles of fabrics, stuffed
toys, hair accessories, fabric flowers and collages.
5. Metal Example of metal is food or drink cans made from
aluminum and steel. It can be recycled as Canisters,
storage bins, planters, baking tins, candle holders,
kerosene lamps, metal art and water catchers. Make sure
to used aluminum foil to clean the cans.

To achieve a creative project and finished it successfully you must

remember to observed good working habit at your workplace.
1. Prepare and organize all needed tools and materials.
2. To avoid accident make sure to tie your hair before working.
3. Use appropriate tools and materials in your project.
4. Use scissors in cutting, not your teeth.
5. Put your scraps a plastic bag or in trash bin.
6. Work with your hands and not with your lips.
7. Follow the step-by-step procedure.
8. Clean your working area before leaving the room.
Common Materials Used in Recycling
There are a lot of waste materials that can be recycled. In cities as well as
in many rural areas, paper is one of the most abundant and available waste
materials. It comes in many forms like old newspapers and magazines, boxes,
wrapping paper, office waste, old telephone directories, and the like. Plastic
containers would come in second and tin cans, third. Used clothing is also
abundant. Also considered recyclable are glass bottles.
Manufacturing wastes like yarns and fabric scraps are also highly usable
materials.
The following table are the lists of the articles that are made from these
recyclable materials.

Material Articles
1. Paper Paper woven basket, paper mâché’ articles, paper beads,
paper sculpture, boxes for gift wrapping, album covers and
paper bags
2. Plastic Planters, plant tags, plastic sculptures and organizers
container
3. Glass Decanter, storage items terrariums, cut bottles, bent bottles
bottles and glass tiles
4. Fabric scrap Quilting and patchwork projects, rag rugs, doilies, runners
of hand stitched circles of fabrics, stuffed toys, hair
accessories, fabric flowers and collages
5. Yarn wastes Rugs, tapestries, embroidery, yarn dolls, crocheted or
knitted articles, and string art
6. Tin cans Canisters, storage bins, planters, baking tins, candle
holders, kerosene lamps, metal art and water catchers

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 D
Learning Task 1: Decode the secret statement below by using the clues
inside the box. These are all helpful hints to understand the advantages of
recycling in our community.

A= I F= G K=C P=W U=OZ=R

B= Q G= J L=Y Q=A V=S
C= V H=X M=T R= M W=L
D=K I=U N= P S= H X=E

1.OXKZXQVE NUWWIMAUY and ease the garbage pollution.

2. KUYVXZCX resources.
3. Enhance KZXQMACAML and resourcefulness.
4. Potential in making a WZUJAMQTWX business.
5. Makes people XYCAZUYRXYMQWWL QPQZX.

Learning Task 2: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter your
notebook.

1. What do you call the reclaiming of materials from product that has been
worn out due to constant use?
A. Internal recycling B. Recycling C. External recycling D. Paper recycling
2. Which of the following articles is made out of paper?
A. Baking tins B. Album cover C. Doilies D. Rugs
3. Which of the following is made out of fabric scrap?
A. Baking tins B Album cover C. Doilies D. Rugs
4. What involves the use of materials that are waste product of a manufacturing
process?
A. Paper recycling B. External recycling C. Recycling D. Internal recycling
5. Which of the following is not an advantage of recycling?
A. Enhance creativity and resourcefulness
B. Increase in pollution and ease the garbage pollution
C. Conserve resources
D. Potential in making a profitable business

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 A
Learning Task 3: Sing the lyrics below and answer the questions below.
Write your answer in your notebook.

1. What is the song all about?

2. What is the meaning of the
song?
3. What is the role of used
paper, plastic bottles and tin
cans in our community?
4.How does this song help you
in saving our environment?

Recycled Project
I Lesson

The lesson focuses on Create recycled project. After going through this
lesson, you are expected to recycled articles are produced artistically based on the
given steps, tools are properly used and good working habits are applied.
Learning Task 1: Try to do this.
The old cans, paper, bottles, wood that are being collected for recycling
can be made into new things. Now, in this activity you are to figure out what
products you can make with the combination of pictures below. Write your

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D
To recycle means to make something new out of old materials. You can be
creative and apply the principles and elements of design to make old materials
more attractive.
An old magazine or newspaper can be more useful if you weave it into
basket, or flower vase holder and the like.
Learning Task 2: “ PAPER BASKET”
Instruction:
1. Prepare all tools and materials needed.
2. Follow the procedures and observe safety precaution.
3. Make the project with proper documentation.
4. When done compile your documentation and project.
5. Present your finished product.
Tools/Materials: Paper (newspaper, brown paper, colored paper, magazine paper
or any kind of paper, Anti-cutter, Scissor, Glue/Paste)
Procedure:
1. Cut old newspaper into strips of 1.5 inches width.
2. Then fold them into half inch width and keep the length about 12 inch-es or
more. Make many as you can.
3. First, take 16 strips and divide them into half. Lay out 8 strips vertically and 8
strips horizontally as shown in the first picture of this step. Tighten the weave
carefully to make sure that all the sides are even.
4. Now build up the sides. Take a strip and go around the sides as shown in the
picture.
5. Keep about half to 1 inch of the strip to fold at the end. while folding the
remaining part of the strip use scotch tape or glue to make sure they do not
come out.
6. The square paper basket is ready.

E
Learning Task 3: “ Storage Tin Cans”
1. Prepare all tools and materials needed.
2. Follow the procedures and observe safety precaution.
3. Make the project with proper documentation.
4. When done compile your documentation and project.
5. Present your finished product.
Procedure:
1.Look for different sizes of tin cans. Take off any paper and make it
cleaned.
Measure the height of the can, and then your paper.
2. Paint a layer of glue onto the can. Put a thick layer of glue on it, especially for
the thicker papers.
3. Cover the tin can with gift wrapping paper or any printed/decorative paper.
4. When you have the paper in place, start at one end and make sure to press it
down tightly all the way around the can. Then let it dry.
5. At the top and bottom of the can, put a ribbon to cover the lip. Or you can
use any strings like yarns for decoration.
6. Apply finishing touches. Storage tin can is ready.
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 A
Learning Task 4: “LETS RECYCLE”
Using recyclable materials found in your home make a project out of it. Decide
what project you must make. After that submit your finished product to your
teacher.
Materials: any recyclable materials, Scissors, tape/glue, etc.
Procedure: 1. Decide what recyclable material should you use.
2. Prepare all the materials needed.
3. Start to work on your project while observing safety precaution.
4.While doing your project don’t forget to take pictures for
documentation purposes.
5. Finish your project and be guided on the given steps.
6. Present your project.

Gift Wrapping
I Lesson

This lesson focuses on Wrap Gift Items. After going through this lesson,
you are expected to use appropriate tools for gift wrapping, apply principles and
elements of design, wrapped artistically gift items, apply decorative articles to
enhance wrapped gift items, and observe good working habit.
Most Filipino people are passionate in giving gifts to express affection and
to show concern with others. It becomes a tradition across culture to send gifts
on special occasions such as birthdays, Christmas, Easter, Christening,
Wedding, Valentine’s Day and others.
Our country is excellent on the production of famous native products such
as hats made from buri, baskets from rattan, bags made from abaca, na-tive.
Anahaw fans and many others are good materials for exclusive and per-sonalized
gift wrapping. Aside from that, we also made ecology-friendly materi-als use for
wrapping and packaging of gifts such as: Wrapping in the source of sinamay,
abaca, raffia, etc. Gift containers of bayong bags made of buri, coco-nut leaves,
tampipi (small rectangular buri box), native baskets, boxes made of narra and
bamboo. Ribbons and bows in the source of abaca strings, shells, dried flowers,
twigs, etc.

D
Learning Task 1: Identify the Philippine Made Materials for Gift Wrapping.
Arrange the jumbled letters to reveal the materials.
1. = WANAH FAN 4. = YONGBA GAB

2. = CABAA CAB 5.
= CABAARIGNS

3. = ATNRA KESBAT
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Use this rubric in doing all the recycling activity found in this lesson.

Scoring Rubric
Criteria Points
Design and color
Simplicity and artistry 10
Follow the principles of design 10
Shows pleasing color combination 15
Workmanship
Used appropriate tools and materials 15
Method of construction suited to the material/design of the project. 10
Good working habit is applied 10
General appearance
Produced pleasing and attractive finished project 20
Finished project worth the time and effort spent . 10
TOTAL 100

Rating Scale:
95-100 Outstanding
85-94 Very Satisfactory
75-84 Satisfactory

Learning Task 2: Look around your home. Make a list of the things that are
normally thrown away or disposed of after they have been used for its original
purpose. Think of an article/s into which an item can be converted or recycled.
Then complete the table below.

Item Original Purpose Recycling

Possibility

Example:
Plastic Powder
Canister Container powder Saving bank
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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 Materials Description Images
1. Gift boxes or It is square or rectangular in
containers shape container covered with decorative
paper.

2.Wrapping Wrapping paper is a kind of paper designed

Paper for gift wrapping.

3. Ribbons and A ribbon is a long strip of material used as
Bow decoration.
A bow can be a type of knot.

4. Decorative These are decorative materials attached to a

Items gift for artistic and creative design.
( paper
flowers, lace,
twine, etc. )
5. Tags and It is a type of card where you can put
Labels especial message or to label the gift item.

Tools Description
1. Scissor It is a hand-operated shearing tools. Usually used in paper,
cloth and other light materials.
2. Pencil A pencil is an implement for writing, drawing and marking.
3. Paper Cutter A paper cutter is essential to the cutting process. It is also
Knife used on the smooth formation of the item.
4. Hole It is an tool used to create holes in sheets of paper. It is also
Puncher used to create designs on paper, fabric, thin plastics, etc.
used for sticking objects
5. Glue Stick together.
6. Adhesive Ruler Also known as tape measure is a tool use for measuring the
size of the item.

To present a good looking gift it is very important to remember the art and
design because this will show your creativity. In this lesson you will learn the
principles and elements of design to attain the artistic and creative design on gift
wrapping.
Decorative Articles
To emphasize your creativity in gift wrapping, you need to consider deco-
rative designs like ribbon, bows, etc. One common important in gift wrapping is
gift ribbons, it can be made into decorative rosettes and bows with the use of bow
pins, string and double side tape. Here are some sample of gift ribbon that you
will learn on this lesson.
1. Ribbon Rosette 4. Flat Loop Bow
2. Twisted Trim 5. Spring Bow
3. Figure 8 Bow
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Procedure:
1. Roll out the wrapping paper. Be sure you have enough
paper to fit around the entire gift. Measure if
necessary, leaving a few extra inches to be sure you
are completely covered.
2. Once the paper is cut to the right size, place your gift
face down in the middle of the paper. Bring paper from
the long side of the box, up to the middle of your
package. Pull both sides tightly so the paper hugs
your package smoothly, and tape
3. Next, you need to close the ends. Face the open end
towards you and fold the right and left edges, pushing
the sides in next to your box, to form flaps.
4. Fold top flap down to the box, pulling tightly, and tape.
Fold the bottom flap up tightly and tape. Repeat on
other side of package.
5. Position box so top is facing up. Run your thumb and
forefinger across the edges of the box to create a
creased edge. Repeat on bottom of the box.

DECORATING THE PACKAGE

Make a ribbon to decorate a gift box. Follow the procedure below.
Materials: Lace, tape or stapler, scissor, thread or any string

1. USING RIBBON (Ribbon Rosette) Procedure:

1. Using a gift wrap ribbon, make a small loop by
wrapping this around your thumb; fix the loop in
place with the help of tape or stapler. Twist the
ribbon back on itself to form a pointed loop and tape
in position.
2. Continue looping the ribbon in evenly spaced twists.
3. Continue winding outward in circles, until the bow is
big as your desired size; cut off the ribbon, leaving a
tail. Attach the rosette to the package; add trimmings
and tag.

2. USING RIBBON (Figure 8 Bow and Twisted Trim)

A. Procedure in Figure 8
1. Work ribbon back and forth in loops in the form
of a figure 8. Firm ribbon works best. It may be
easier to make the bow in reverse position.
2. Turn the bow upside down and make the figure
8 small to start with, making each one successively
larger.

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 B. Procedure in Making Twisted Trim
1. Examine the ribbon. Find the natural curl of the
ribbon and which side is shiny and which is dull.
2. Grasp the ribbon at one end between the forefinger and
the thumb (if you’re right handed, places the ribbon in your
left hand, and vice versa if you're left handed). Keep the dull
side of the curling ribbon facing downward (toward the
ground).
3. Open the scissors with other hand. Contrary to what you'd
normally do with scissors, hold the scissors upward, with the
blade facing up and open. Wrap your fingers around the
middle of the blades and handles with your thumb along the
non-sharpened side of one blade edge.
4. Press the blade firmly against the dull underside of the
ribbon with your thumb.
5. Pull the ribbon across the scissors blade while continuing
to press with your thumb.
6. Release the ribbon from the scissors blade.

C. Flat Loop Bow and Spring Bow

Procedure in Making Flat Loop Bow
1. Make a loop keeping the ribbon away from you and
bringing it up and back to the center.
2. Continue making progressively larger loops, one on
the top of the other, until the desired size is reached.
3. Holding the bow together, tie at the center with
thread or wire to secure. Tie the loop bow to your
package.

Procedure in Making Spring Bow

1. Make a fairly small circle for the inside loop. Holding

where the ribbon overlaps, continue making progressively
longer circles.

2. When the desired size is reached, stick a straight pin

through all the layers at the bottom to hold the circles in
place.

3. Tie with the thread to secure the bow, leaving enough

thread to tape or tie the bow to your package.

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
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 E
Learning Task 3:Perform box wrapping for Christmas and gift bag for your
birthday using the materials below. Read and follow the procedure carefully.
Compile or take and send pictures while working the project.

Theme:
“ SANTA GIFT WRAPPING”
( box wrapping)
“MY BIRTHDAY GIFT WRAPPING”
( gift bag )
Materials: (Gift wrap or paper, small box (like shoe box), glue/tape, scissor, string,
lace, stapler)
Procedure :
1. Prepare all the materials needed.
2. Observe safety precaution.
3. Decide what design to be used in your gift wrap and gift bag. Choose also a
type of ribbon or bow you desired to make for decorative article.
4. For tags and label do not forget to indicate the theme and your name.
5. Start to do with your work.
6. Always remember to take pictures while your working for
documentation purposes.
7. When finished, present your finished product.
Post-Activity Question/s: In your activity journal, answer the following questions
about your experience on this project. Be guided on the questions below.
1. How is your feeling doing the project? What challenges or difficulties have you
encountered in doing your project ?
2. As a student performing gift wrapping, what is the importance of it in your
life?
3. How can you further customize box wrapping using these techniques?
Find out by accomplishing the Scoring Rubric honestly and sincerely.
Scoring Rubric
Criteria Points
Design and color
Ribbon and wrapper, suited to the purpose 10
Follow the principles of design 15
Shows pleasing color combination 15
Workmanship
Method and techniques of construction match to the ribbon and wrapper used 10
Good working habit is applied 10
Used appropriate tools and materials 10
General appearance
Produced Pleasing and attractive finished project 20
Finished project worth the time and effort spent 10
TOTAL 100
Rating Scale:
95-100 Outstanding
85-94 Very Satisfactory
75-84 Satisfactory
65-74 Need Improvement

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
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 A
Learning Task 4: Arrange the following steps chronologically. Write A for the first
step, B for second and so on. Write your answer on your activity notebook.

Gift Bags
1. For handles, attach a length of ribbon from one side of the bag to the other,
or use two smaller handles, one at the front of the bag and one at the back.
2. Remove the support box. Stand the bag upright and fold about 1 inch of the
open end into the bag, giving a nice, neat finish to the top.
3. Fold the paper over about 1 inch along the length. Using a box the size of the
bag you’re making, place the box in the center of the wrap, and bring the
two long sides of the paper together, taping them to one another. Be sure
you secure these loosely enough so that the box can be easily removed.
3. Tape one end of the package closed as you would if wrapping a gift box. Do
not tape the paper to the box at any point.
4. Start with a sheet of paper about twice as large as the bag you want to make.

References
K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood.

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
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 TLE
Nail Care-Exploratory Course

Regional Office Management and Job S. Zape, Jr.,

Development Team:
Jhonathan S. Cadavido, Romyr L. Lazo, Fe M. Ong-Ongowan, Lhovie A. Caui-
lan, Eugene Ray F. Santos

Schools Division Office Management Team: Mary Rose C. Lindo, Rene V. Agluba,
Mary Joy S. Bolima, Alson S. Divina, Harris Basilio, Jayco Ranada, Marianne Kim Sto.
Tomas

Technology and Livelihood Education (Nail Care)-7/8

PIVOT IV-A Learner’s Material
Quarter 1
First Edition, 2020

Published by: Department of Education Region IV-A CALABARZON

Regional Director: Wilfredo E. Cabral
Assistant Regional Director: Ruth L. Fuentes
WEEK
Nail Care Equipment and Tools
1-2 Lesson
I
In this lesson, you study the tools and equipment used in Nail Care
Services. You will learn how to differentiate the tools and equipment according to
task requirement. Also, you will be able to describe each tool and equipment
according to use, observe safety procedures in using nail care tools and equipment,
and appreciate the value of tools and equipment in Nail Care Services.

NAIL CARE TOOLS, MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

Tools are known as the articles used in any nail care service which are
considered hand-held. These are also referred to as implements.
The following are the commonly used nail care tools:

1. Callous Remover: is a tool designed to stripped off calluses

and corns of the hands and feet.

2. Cuticle Nail Pusher: a tool used to push back and loosen cuticles.

3. Cuticle Nipper: an implement used to cut the cuticles.

4. Cuticle Scissors: a tool used to cut stubborn cuticles.

5. Finger or Manicure Bowl: is a small bowl used for soaking the

fingers to soften the cuticles.

6. Foot file: is a tool that is made of metal or sandpaper, with a

rough file on one side to remove calluses and fine file on the other
to smoothen the feet.

7. Foot Spa Basin: a large rectangular container used for bathing

and soaking the feet when giving a pedicure.

8. Manicure Tray: a flat container where all the necessary tools and
implements are placed to be used by the manicurist.

9. Manicure Nail Brush: a plastic handled brush with nylon

bristles used to clean dirt and cosmetic residue from the nail
surface and skin

10. Mixing Bowl: a small open-top, rounded cup-like container

used for mixing the aromatic oils and other fluids for the hand
and foot spa.

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
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 11. Nail Buffer: an implement used for smoothening the
polishing the nails.

12. Nail Cutter / Nail Clipper / Nail Trimmer: a hand tool

made of metal used to trim or cut the fingernails and toenails.

14. Nail File: an implement used to shape the free edges of the
nail with the coarse side and bevel the nail with the finer side.

15. Orangewood Stick: a tool with pointed and rounded ends

to remove the excess nail polish on the side of the nails.

16. Pedicure Nail Brush: a tool used to remove cosmetics and

cleanse nails.

17. Plastic Container for Cotton: a small receptacle where

the cotton balls are kept.

18. Pumice Stone: a type of volcanic rock, which is actually

frothy lava solidified and forms a porous rock to remove dry and
annoying skin of the feet as well as the calluses.

19. Supply Tray: a flat container that holds the necessary

cosmetics and implements.

8. Trolley: a wheeled cart that is pushed by hand and used

for transporting manicuring and pedicuring tools and materials.

Equipment are the items which are more or less durable and permanent
needed for a particular activity or purpose.
The following are the different nail care equipment that are used in nail care
services:

Chairs: are seats with back support which have four legs and some
have four legs and some have rests for the arms.

Foot Spa Machine: is an electronic gadget used for soaking, bathing

and massaging the feet during a foot spa.

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
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 Foot Spa Stool: is a simple seat with three or four legs designed to
provide comfort and elevation during a foot spa.

Hand Spa Machine: is an electronic gadget used to soothe pain of

arthritis, muscle spasms and dry cracked skin of the hands.

Manicurist’s Chair or Stool: is the adjustable upholstered seat fitted

over a metal or chrome.

Manicure Table: is a furniture especially designed for giving

manicure. Usually it has a laminated plastic surface and a drawer for
storing materials. It is often fitted with ball casters for easy mobility.

Sterilizer: is an equipment in a salon used for sterilizing metal

implements to kill micro-organisms.

Timer: is a device that can be preset to start or stop something at a

given time.

The following are the different personal protective equipment (PPE) in nail care
services.

A. Impermeable Gloves: To prevent skin from absorbing

potentially harmful ingredients which may cause skin
allergies, irritation or other problems

B. Eyewear: To protect the eye from potential harm

C. Splah-proof apron: To protect the parts of the body from

potential hazardous materials

D. Protective Mask: To protect the wearer’s face and prevent

the breathing of air contaminated with chemical

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
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Safety Procedures of Using Tools and Equipment
These are generally written methods outlining how to perform a task with
minimum risk to people, equipment, materials, environment and processes.

Below are the different safety procedures and practices of using tools and
equipment:

You should always check any tool or equipment before use

Do not use broken or damage electrical equipment, the tag must warn people
not to use the equipment
Do not touch equipment with wet hands or don’t use a wet cloth to
clean sockets.
Provide separate eating and drinking amenities for employees Clean-up
spills straight away.
Use mats on slippery floors
Store under cover in a clean, dry and dust free environment.
Use appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

D
Learning Task 1: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is wrong.
Write your answers in a separate sheet of paper.
___________1. An implement used to cut the cuticles is called Cuticle Nipper.
___________2. A Foot Spa Basin is a flat container where all the necessary tools and
implements are placed for use by the manicurist.
___________3. A foot spa machine is an electronic gadget used for soaking,
bathing and massaging the feet.
___________4. A trolley is a wheeled cart used for transferring different nail care
equipment.
___________5. A safety goggles is used to protect the clothes from stains and
other harmful chemicals.

Learning Task 2: Match Column A with Column B by writing the letters of the
correct answers on your notebook.

A B
A. It is an equipment use for soaking bathing
1. Finger Bowl and
relaxing the hands
B. It is used to remove the stubborn cuticles
2. Apron in the
fingernails
C. It is where the fingers soak or dipped
3. Cuticle Remover before
performing a manicure
D. A PPE used to protect the clothes from
4. Foot Spa Machine stains
E. It is an equipment use for soaking bathing
5. Hand Spa Machine and
massaging the feet
F. A PPE used to protect the eyes from harmful
chemicals.

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
26
 E
Learning Task 3: Complete the statement to describe at least five (5) tools or
equipment in providing nail care services together with its function/s. Do this in
your notebook.
6. The tool looks like _________________ is important because
__________________. It is called __________________.
7. The tool looks like _________________ is important because
__________________. It is called __________________.
8. The tool looks like _________________ is important because
__________________. It is called __________________.
9. The tool looks like _________________ is important because
__________________. It is called __________________.
10. The tool looks like _________________ is important because
__________________. It is called __________________.

Learning Task 4: Complete the story of Bella, a beautician below by supplying the
correct tools and equipment in providing nail care services as well as their use/s.
At the Salon
Hi, I am Bella a beautician in a well-known nail
care salon, everyday I used to provide different nail
care services to our customers. Before the day starts, I
make sure that all the tools are clean by placing them
in a 1. _________________. After cleaning, I prepare all
the tools on the 2._____________________. When all the
tools and equipment are ready, I make sure to make my
customers comfortable. Sometimes, I use
3._________________, to trim or cut their nails before I
perform a manicure. On the other hand, if they want to
relax more, they request me to use a foot spa machine to 4._________________ their
feet. In doing the tasks assigned to me, I use impermeable gloves to protect my
5.____________ from harmful chemicals. The tasks I mentioned are only some of
what I do as a nail care beautician.

Guide Questions:
d. What tools and equipment were mentioned in the story of Bella?
e. How will you describe the functions / use/s of tools and equipment that
were mentioned?
f. Why are the different nail care tools and equipment important in
providing nail care services?

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
27
A
Learning Task 5: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the letter of your
answer on your notebook.
a. What do you call the things or articles that are usually hand-held and are
necessary to perform different nail care services?
a. Equipment b. Materials c. Tools d. Consumables
4. Which of the following nail care tools is designed to stripped off calluses and
corns of the hands and feet?
a. cuticle nipper b. callous remover c. nail cutter d. cuticle nail pusher
5. What tool is used for soaking the fingers to soften the cuticles?
a. finger bath b. finger bowl c. cuticle bowl d. cuticle softener
4. Which of the following items are described to be more or less durable and
permanent that are needed for a particular activity or purpose?
a. Equipment b. Materials c. Tools d. Consumables
4. What do you call the equipment that is used by manicurists that is adjustable
upholstered seat fitted over a metal when doing nail care services to their
customers?
a. hand spa machine c. sterilizer
b. manicurist chair d. trolley

Learning Task 6: Express your insights about the first lesson in nail care.
Answer the following questions exhaustively in your notebook. Provide examples
if necessary.

In this lesson, I understand that...

_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

In this lesson, I realize that...

_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

Standard Cleaning Procedures of Nail Care WEEKS

Tools and Equipment
3-4
Lesson
I
After knowing the tools and equipment in nail care services, in this les-
son, your learn how to identify the standard procedures in cleaning nail care
tools and differentiate sterilization from sanitation. Also, you will be able to
demonstrate/show the proper cleaning of nail care tools according to standard
procedures and appreciate the importance of performing the correct standard
procedures in cleaning nail care tools.

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
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What is the the difference between sterilization and sanitation?
Sterilization is the process of destroying all living micro-organisms.
Meanwhile, Sanitation: is the process of destroying some, but not all micro-
organisms.
Sterilization and sanitation techniques are being practiced in the beauty
salon which involve the use of physical agents like heat radiation and chemical
agents like antiseptics and vapor fumigants.

How do disinfectant differ from antiseptic?

Disinfectant is a substance used to control micro-organisms on non-living
surfaces such as tools, equipment and other furniture and fixtures.
Antiseptic is an agent that prevents the multiplication of micro-organisms.
This is milder than a disinfectant which can be used directly on the skin.

Standard Cleaning Procedures of Nail Care Tools and Equipment:

1. Read directions 2. Measure and 3. Saturate a
on how to use a mix disinfectant as cleaning cloth with
disinfectant. directed. disinfectant
solution and wipe
entire surface area
and equipment.

5. Dispose off 4. Wipe the

sanitizing solution surface with paper
and used towels. towel to dry it.

Preparation of the Sanitizing Jar

2. Place the 3. Remove the

1. Soak tools and
tools / tools / implements
implements in
implements in a from solution, wipe
hot, soapy water them dry, place
70% to 90%
solution. Rinse them into a dry
alcohol solution
them thoroughly. sterilizer.
for 20 mins.

Preparation of the Sanitizing Jar

1. Cleanse 2. Place thin 3. Remove 4. Fill jar with 70% to

sanitizing jar layer of sterile implements from wet 90% alcohol solution
with cotton at the or dry sanitizer and to cover cutting
disinfectant bottom place them into the edges and tips of
and wipe it jar, handles up, orangewood sticks.
dry. except for metal files.

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
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 After every working session, the following tasks should be done:
a. Tools which are made of plastic should be kept clean and sanitized properly in
preparation for the next patron.
b. Empty bottles and containers are discarded in a covered trash bin.
c. Used treatment products and other chemicals are stored, arranged and properly
labeled in the cabinet.
d. Finger bowls must be sanitized before use of every client.
e. The hand and foot spa machines must be flushed with a solution of about 5%
bleach and circulate the liquid through the system for a t least 10 minutes.
f. Leave the solution in the hand and foot spa machines overnight or at least 5-10
hours before draining the machines so that they are thoroughly sanitized.
g. Table tops and door handles are wiped with disinfectant and the floor should be
mopped with disinfectant as well.
h. Metal tools and instruments must be sterilized following proper sterilization
techniques. After the process, store in a dry cabinet until needed.
i. Tools/Implements which are made of porous materials such as nail files, buffers,
nail brushes and orangewood sticks can harbor bacteria easily. Since they are
wood products which cannot be sterilized, there tools should not be reused.
j. Waste materials should be disposed properly in an enclosed waste bin fitted with
polythene bag. The bin should be sanitized with disinfectant regularly in a well-
ventilated area. Remember to wear protective gloves while doing this.
k. Contaminated wastes should be disposed off as recommended by local authority.
l. Any tool or equipment in poor condition must be repaired immediately or disposed
properly so as not to pose danger to the client as well as the beauticians.

D
Learning Task 1: Arrange the jumbled letters to form the correct words related
with the methods or procedures in cleaning different nail care tools and
instruments. The first letter of the correct answer is given. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

1.TNIOATINAS S_________
2. PIWE W___
3. I X M M__
4.IRTELSZINAITO S____________
5.NFTNADICETS D_________
6.COALLOH A______
7.CITPSETNAI A_________
8. A J R J__
9. KAOS S___
10.LONSA S____

Guide Question:
1.Did you get the correct answers?
2.How do you define each word?
3.Can you consider the words mentioned above important in providing nail

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
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Learning Task 2: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the letter of your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What do you call the process of destroying some, but not all micro-organisms
using heat or antiseptics?
a. Sanitation b. Disinfection c. Sterilization d. Sanitization
2. What do you call the process of destroying all micro-organisms?
a. Sanitation b. Disinfection c. Sterilization d. Sanitization
3. What do you call the substance used to control micro-organisms on non-living
surfaces?
a. Antiseptic b. Solvent c. Disinfectant d. Nail Hardener
4. What is the agent that is used to prevent the multiplication of microorganisms?
a. Antiseptic b. Solvent c. Disinfectant d. Nail Hardener
5. What do you call the application of measures to promote public health and
prevent the spread of infectious diseases?
a. Sanitation b. Disinfection c. Sterilization d. Sanitization

E
Learning Task 3: Identify whether the cleaning procedure to be done in each tool
or equipment is STERILIZATION or SANITATION. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

________________ 1. Cuticle Nail Nipper

________________ 2. Hand Spa Machine
________________ 3. Finger Bowl
________________ 4. Nail Cutter
________________ 5. Manicure Table
________________ 6. Cuticle Pusher
________________ 7. Manicurist’s Chair
________________ 8. Cuticle Scissors
________________ 9. Manicure Tray
________________ 10. Foot Spa Machine

Guide Question:
1. How do cleaning agents affects the health and wellness of a person especially in
this time of crisis?
2. How much is the price of an alcohol today? If a person hoards 5 bottles of alcohol
how much will be the total cost?

Learning Task 4: Complete the conversation of Carla, the manager in a Nail Care
Salon and Lira, the applicant by supplying the missing word/s of Standard
Procedures in Cleaning Nail Care tools and equipment.

One Saturday morning, Lira decided to go to the Nail care Salon to apply as a
manicurist. She happened to look for Carla the manager. Below is their conversation.

Carla: Hi ma’am good morning. How may I help you?

Lira: Good morning too. I am looking for Ms. Carla the manager of this salon.
Carla: I am Ms. Carla, what can I do for you?
PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
31
Lira: Oh Ma’am nice meeting you. I would like to apply as a manicurist in your Nail
Care Salon. I have here my requirements.
Carla: Oh you’re just in time, we are really in need of a manicurist right now. Let
me check your documents. Your requirements are complete and are all valid. You
are now hired! Come and I will show you the different parts of this salon.
Lira: Okay ma’am thank you so much!
Carla showed the different parts of the Nail Care Salon to Lira after giving her
instructions on how to treat the customers, and the standard procedures in cleaning
the different nail care tools and equipment, she asked Lira to test if she already
understood the procedures.
Carla: Okay Lira, in preparing of tools and equipment to be sanitized, what are the
steps that you should do?
Lira: First, I have to 1. __________________________ on disinfectant.
Second, is to 2. ___________ and mix the disinfectant as directed.
Third, saturate a cleaning cloth with disinfectant solution.
Fourth, Wipe the surface with paper towel to dry it.
Fifth, 3. ______________ off sanitizing solution and used towels.
Carla: Very good Lira you’re a fast learner! How about the steps in preparing of
metal implements for sterilization?
Lira: Thank you Ma’am Carla, here are the steps in preparing metal implements for
sterilization.
One, Soak the tools / implements in hot soapy water.
Two, Place the tools / implements in a 4. ___% to 90% alcohol solution for 20
minutes.
Three, 5. _________ the tools / implements from solution and wipe them dry.
Carla: Those are all correct Lira! I am really amazed! I want you to start tomorrow
morning.
Lira: Thank you Ma’am Carla! You are a good teacher. Okay ma’am see you
tomorrow! Thank you so much!

Learning Task 5: On the selections and procedures below, Draw the following
standard procedures in cleaning the different nail care tools and equipment. Use
separate sheet for your output.
1. Tools which are made of plastic should be kept clean and sanitized properly
in preparation for the next patron.
2. The hand and foot spa machines must be flushed with a solution of about
5% bleach and circulate the liquid through the system for a t least 10
minutes.
3. Table tops and door handles are wiped with disinfectant and the floor
should be mopped with disinfectant as well.
4. Waste materials should be disposed properly in an enclosed waste bin
fitted with polythene bag. The bin should be sanitized with disinfectant
regularly in a well- ventilated area. Remember to wear protective gloves
while doing this.
5. Any tool or equipment in poor condition must be repaired immediately or
disposed properly so as not to pose danger to the client as well as the
beauticians.

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
32
 A
Learning Task 6: Give the right sequence of the following Standard Cleaning
Procedures by writing letters (A-E) on the space provided. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.
Preparation of Equipment to be Sanitized
_____ 1. Wipe the surface with paper towel to dry it.
_____ 2. Read directions on disinfectant.
_____ 3. Dispose off sanitizing solution and used towels
_____ 4. Measure and mix disinfectant as directed.
_____ 5. Saturate a cleaning cloth with disinfectant solution and wipe entire
surface area of equipment.

Learning Task 7: Read the situation provided below and provide a detailed
response. Include examples and assumptions. Write your answers in a separate
sheet of paper.

If you will be given the chance to become a businessman,

what cleaning agent will you sell to the market today
especially in this time of pandemic? Kindly draw and
describe its use or uses.

WEEKS
Nail Structure and Nail Shapes
3-4 Lesson
I
In this lesson, you will learn to identify the structure of the nail and
different nail shapes. Also, you will be able to describe different nail shape
applicable to the structure of the nail and illustrate the different nail shape
according to the nail structure after the lesson. Afterwards, you will be able to
appreciate the importance of knowing the nail shapes according to the nail
structure.

Basic Information About Nail

Nail is a plate of keratin that lies on the tips of the fingers and toes. The
main purpose of the nail is to protect the fingers and toes, however, the finger-
nail also assists with certain physical activities in daily life.

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
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Structures of Nail
1. Lunula - the pearly coloured and crescent shaped is due to the cells being
pushed closely together, the blood capillaries cannot be seen through the
lunula because of this.
2. Cuticle - the overlapping epidermis around the nail. It is the transparent skin,
which is called the 'true cuticle', that is removed during the manicuring
process.
3. Free edge -the part of the nail that can be filed and shaped. It is an extension of
the nail plate that overlaps the hyponychium.
4. Matrix - the only living reproducing part of the nail. This is situated directly
below the cuticle. New cells form here and continually push towards to pro-
duce the nail plate. It also contains blood vessels and nerves. Blood supply
provides the cells with nourishment. If the matrix is damaged the nail will grow
deformed.
5. Nail bed - the part of the nail where the nail plate rests on, also a continuation
of the matrix. It is abundantly supplied with blood vessels and nerves, having
numerous parallel ridges which dovetail exactly with the ridges on the under
surface of the nail plate.
6. Nail walls - the folds of skin that overlap the sides of the nail. They hold your
nail in place and protect the nail plate edges.
7. Nail Plate/Body of nail - is visible nail that rests on the nail bed up to the free
edge. This is made up from dead cells and minimum amount of moisture. The
nail is semi-transparent – allowing the color of blood supply of the dermis to
show.
8. Nail fold - is the tissue that encloses the nail matrix at the root of the nail. It
attaches the nail to the rest of the skin through the protective cuticle.

Shapes of Nail
The shape of nail conforms to that of finger tips of an individual.

1. Oval nail - this is common among people with long, perfect nail beds. It may be
styled slightly rounded at the base and slightly pointed at the fingertips. Most
often this type of nail has a natural look and looks very good in a short-medium
length.
2. Round nail - ideal for shorter nails, the nail is allowed to grow out straight at the
sides for approximately 1.5 mm and then the tip is filed into a rounded shape. This
is a strong shape which is great for those who keep their nails short.
3. Stiletto/ pointed nail - filed away at the sides to a point at the tip; this shape
is very weak as the sides of the nail (which provide the strength) are totally lost.

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4. Squoval - As above, but followed by squaring off the tip, this gives the nail tip
strength over the oval shape
5. Square nail- The square-shaped nails are the most famous among the nail
shapes. It is created by allowing the nail to grow out straight and then filing the
tip straight across at right angles with the rest of the nail plate.

Steps in Trimming of Nails

Trimming of nail plays a very vital role. It is very easy task but sometime it
causes little problems such as unwanted abrasions and ingrown nails, when not
done properly.
Apply the following steps while cutting nails.
Step 1: Prepare the types of instruments for this task. Nail cutter, who has small
or medium slightly curved blades, which are suitable for trimming the fin-ger nails.
Nail cutters with straight blades are suitable for use.
Step 2: Before using your nail cutter, make sure that it is clean. Wash your nail
cutter to remove dust and germs, specially when you are sharing your nail cut-ter
with someone else. Dry thoroughly after washing it.
Step 3: Wash your hands. Wipe dry with any towel or tissue paper to remove extra
water. This process cleans your fingernails, and beside cleaning fingernails it also
helps in softening your nails and easier to cut them.
Step 4: You must cut your nails in a place where you can clearly see what you are
doing. Put a small container near you in which you can collect the nails.
Step 5: Decide the shape of your nails. Decide which shape you actually want.
After deciding, lift the nail cutter and start cutting your nails.
Step 6: Start cutting your nails starting from your little finger.
Step 7: Click on the nail cutter that can cut through the nail. You can make at
least two or three cuts of a fingernail until everything is snug. Follow the curve of
the nail to get a clean cut. Check skin flaps after each cut and remove care-fully.
Step 8: Sit comfortably and crouch your knee side to easily reach up and see the
nails clearly. Be sure not to set up deep razor to prevent scratches. Adjust the
position of razor if you feel any discomfort.
Step 9: After cutting your nails, use a nail file to smooth any rough and odd
surface of newly trimmed nails. When you file, do it in on tilt – from the corner of
the nail to go down.
Step 10: Apply some moisturizer on your hand to keep the cuticles moisturized
and smooth.

D
Leaning Task 1: Answer each question. Choose the letter of the correct answer.
Write your answer in your notebook.
1. What is the plate of keratin that lies on the tips of the fingers and toes?
a. a. bone c. skin
b. b. nail d. lunula
2. What is the overlapping epidermis around the nail?
a. a. cuticle c. free edge
b. b. lunula d. nail bed
3. What the folds of skin that overlap the sides of the nail?
a. a. nail c. nail wall
b. b. nail bed d. nail plate

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 4. Which of the following nail shape that is ideal for shorter nails, the nail is al-
lowed to grow out straight at the sides?
a. a. oval nail c. rounded nail
b. b. squoval nail d. square nail
5. Which of the following nail shape that filed away at the sides to a point at the
tip and has very weak as the sides of the nail?
a. a. rounded nail c. square nail
b. b. squoval nail d. stiletto/pointed nail
6. Nail plate is visible nail that rests on the nail bed up to the _____________.
a. a. free edge c. free will
b. b. freed d. freedom
7. Oval nail is common among people with long, perfect ____________.
a. a. nail wall c. nail bed
b. b. nail plate d. nail
8. It is the part of the nail that can be filed and shaped.
a. a. cuticle c. matrix
b. b. free edge d. lunula
9. What do you call to the only living reproducing part of the nail?
a. a. lunula c. nail plate
b. b. matrix d. nail walls
10. What do you call the pearly colored and crescent shaped structure of the
nail?
a. a. lunula c. nail plate
b. b. matrix d. nail walls

Learning Task 2: Identify the shape of nail below. Write your answers in your
notebook.

1 2 3 4 5

E
Learning Task 3: Each sentence below has a blank space; each blank indicates
that something has been omitted. Inside the box are words that fits the meaning of
the sentence as a whole. Write your answers in your notebook.

Oval nail Nail beds Square nail Cuticle

Lunula reproducing Free edge Round nail

weak 1.5 mm Nail plate edges hyponychium

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1. Free edge is an extension of the nail plate that overlaps the ____________.
2. __________ is the overlapping epidermis around the nail that is removed during
the manicuring process.
3. _______________ are the most famous among the nail shapes.
4. _______________ ideal for shorter nails, the nail is allowed to grow out straight at
the sides for approximately
5. ______________ and then the tip is filed into a rounded shape
6. Matrix is the only living ________________ part of the nail.
7. Nail walls is the folds of skin that overlap the sides of the nail. They hold your
nail in place and protect the __________________.
8. _____________ the pearly coloured and crescent shaped is due to the cells being
pushed closely together.
9. Stiletto/ pointed nail is filed away at the sides to a point at the tip; this shape is
very ________ as the sides of the nail are totally lost.
10. Oval nail is common among people with long, perfect _______________.

Learning Task 4: Follow the story of Sammy the manicurists. Complete the
missing part of her story by describing the different parts of the structure of the
nail and the nail shapes. Write your answers in your notebook.

My Nail Care Service

Saturday morning, A lady customer get inside our nail salon where I
work on, to experience the services we offered. She catches my attention
because I found out that her nail structure has an onychosis an example
of the nail disorder that similar to be called as murdered nail. As the lady
customer sat down to the chair and I the one who will do the nail
services, she right away told me/requested that the shape of the nail she
wanted is __________________ that is ideal for shorter nails. The first thing
I does is to clean the nail which is having onychosis or wound in a
specific area of the nail using the cleaning agents for nail and tools that
suitable for her nail structure. I cut the __________________ a part of the
nail that can be filed and shaped. Next is to remove the ingrown nail, so
that it will not cause harm to the nail itself when its growing. I clean the
________________ is visible nail that rests on the nail bed up to the free
edge. Lastly I cut the excess ________________ which is the overlapping
epidermis around the nail. Before I put nail polish and nail design I make
sure to apply the best care that the ________________ which is a plate of
keratin that lies on the tips of the fingers and toes, needs. After I’ve done
the nail shape, nail care, nail polish and nail design that the lady
customer requested. She delighted and happy with the services I’ve done
for her.

Guide Questions
6. What are the parts of the nails and nail shape mention in above story?
7. If you are the manicurist is the story, How do you do the nail care service of the
customer with a nail disorder?
8. How important knowing the nail structure and its nail shape as a future
professional manicurists/pedicurists?

PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
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D
Learning Task 5: Match the statement in column A with column B. Write the
letter of your choice on the space before the number.

Column A Column B

1. A plate of keratin that lies on the tips of the a. Lunula

fingers and toes. b. Squoval
2. A nail shape that are common among people with long c. Matrix
perfect nail beds. d. Free edge
3. The part of the nail that can be filed and shaped. e. Square
4. A nail shape that is ideal for shorter nails. f. Cuticle
5. The folds of skin that overlap the sides of the nail. g. Stiletto/
6. This nail shape is very weak as the sides of the nail Pointed
are totally lost. h. Oval
7. The overlapping epidermis around the nail. i. Nail walls
8. The only living reproducing part of the nail. j. Round
9. The pearly coloured and crescent shaped k. Nail bed
part of the nail. l. Nail
10. Shaped of nail that are most famous among
the nail shapes.

Learning Task 6: Draw a fingernail in your notebook. Identify, label the

parts of the nail structure and give the function of each part.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Functions of each part

1. __________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________________________________
4. __________________________________________________________________________
5. __________________________________________________________________________

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Learning Task 6: In your notebook, answer the following questions.
3. Why is nail care necessary?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. Assume that you are to provide nail care service to a client, express in clear
and understandable paragraphs the specific steps that you will undertake.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. If you become a professional manicurist/pedicurist, how will you handle
customer complaints?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Learning Task 7: Express your insights about the entire course in nail care.
Answer the following questions exhaustively in your notebook. Provide exam-
ples if necessary.
1. What are your three (3) major insights in nail care services?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. How can nail care services help you in your daily life?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. What career/ventures are waiting for you in nail care services?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
7. How can nail care services be more advanced in the future? What
develop-ments can you foresee in the industry?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

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Para sa mga katanungan o puna, sumulat o tumawag sa:
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Cavite National High School-Junior High School
Department of Education Region 4A CALABARZON
Elizabeth A. Zapanta, T -III, EPAS G8, TLE Department
Office Address: Gate 2, Karangalan Village, Cainta, Rizal
Cellphone No. 09064849186
Landline: 02-8682-5773, locals 420/421
Email Address: Elizabeth.zapanta001@deped.gov.ph
Email Address: lrmd.calabarzon@deped.gov.ph