Electro 191214030 Full

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
AN ANALYSIS OF THE ANTAGONIST’S PERSONALITY

DEVELOPMENT IN ALEX KURTZMAN’S
THE AMAZING SPIDER-MAN 2 MOVIE SCRIPT
A SARJANA PENDIDIKAN THESIS
Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

to Obtain the Sarjana Pendidikan Degree
in English Language Education
By
Blasius Banu Suryaleksana
Student Number: 191214030
FACULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION

SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY
YOGYAKARTA
2023
DEDICATION PAGE
To my (late) father and mother,
They are the biggest reason for me to stay intense and persistent.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First, I would like to express my deep gratitude to my almighty God Jesus
Christ. I thank Him because His remarkable blessings and opportunities have
encouraged me to learn many things in this beautiful life. I am also thankful for
the challenges given to me, which indirectly sharpen me to become a strong, rigid,
and unyielding personality.
Second, I thank my beloved campus Sanata Dharma University. It is an
excellent place to study, dig into my potential, and have as many experiences as
possible. Additionally, I am deeply grateful for the opportunity to spend time with
compassionate lecturers and supportive friends during my tenure as they have
profoundly enriched my life over the past four years.
Third, I desire to express my deep gratitude to my late father Martinus
Suharjo and my beloved mother Katarina Kristiyani, who have been my great
spirit to undergo my studies and given me endless love for me. Moreover, I am
also so grateful to have my two siblings Maria Gishella Ajeng Puspitasari and
Marcellinus Estu Priya Kurniadi as well as my brother in law Andreas Ertinus
Indrajat, who have supported and always been by my side in any situation. My
gratitudes continue to my 'second' parents Albertus Yuono and Bernadetha
Hadiyani, who never tire of helping me wherever and whenever I am. I also thank
my two splendid cousins Sebastianus Wisnu Wardhana and Kresentia Ayu
Kusuma Wardhani, who have been a great place to seek happiness.
Fourth, I thank Veronica Triprihatmini, M.Hum., M.A., as my thesis
advisor since the research proposal class. Her patience and guidance encouraged
me to think critically and learn independently to show my best in this research.
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Moreover, I would like to deliver my special thanks to Dr. Yulius Sunardi, SCJ,
M.S. Ph.D., as the validator who has given valuable time to help me in the field of
psychology so that I can present my thesis on the right track. My deep gratitude
also goes to my academic advisor Rina Astuti Purnamaningwulan, M.Hum, who
has given me much advice and guided me through my studies at Sanata Dharma
University. Not only that, I express my big thanks to my friends on campus,
especially The Money Makers members: Tata, Vita Keren, Vina, Benny, Aryo,
and Teddy, as well as my best friend Rico, who have given me so many
unforgettable memories and experiences during studying at the campus.
Fifth, I would like to thank my special one Marta Lucitania Wicahya, for
being a person I love. I thank her since she is always energized by listening to my
stories and is always ready to give me any suggestions to make my thesis better.
She also always encourages me to focus on reaching my goals bravely and
reminds me that all things will be well. I hope she and I always be together to
make more great memories in the future.
Ultimately, I thank everyone who consistently helps and prays for me to
finish my study and thesis. I cannot mention those people individually, but I will
never forget their kindness and affection. Hopefully, may God bless us in a good
and happy condition.

ABSTRACT
Suryaleksana, Blasius Banu. (2023). An Analysis of Antagonist’s Personality

Development in Alex Kurtzman’s The Amazing Spider-Man Movie Script. English
Language Education Study Program, Department of Language and Arts
Education, Faculty of Teachers Training and Education, Yogyakarta: Sanata
Dharma University.
This research focuses on the personality development of the antagonist in

The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie. The development of the antagonist is
exceedingly unpredictable since he transforms himself from an ordinary person to
a villain. Therefore, this research is intended to analyze his personality
development and investigate the factors which affect it.
This research formulates two research questions. The first question is:
How is the antagonist's personality developed in The Amazing Spider-Man 2
movie script? The second question is: What factors influence the antagonist's
personality development in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie script?
The psychological approach is applied since this research intends to
analyze the personality development of a character. The primary source of this
research is The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie script. The other sources are
relevant literature and psychology writings in books, journals, Etc. There are three
theories to answer the research questions: theory of character, characterization,
and personality development.
This research finds that the antagonist in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 story
experiences incredible personality development. His personality is developed
from being an inferior, loving, and gentle person to a superior, rancorous, and
brutal person. Moreover, the change in his self-concept, role, and physique are the
factors of his personality development. The result of this research can be a source
of literature for teachers to discover why their students have a terrible attitude. On
the other hand, it is also expected to enhance students' knowledge in critically
understanding a character's development in a story.
Keywords: Electro, personality development, The Amazing Spider-Man 2
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ABSTRAK
Suryaleksana, Blasius Banu. (2023). An Analysis of Antagonist’s Personality

Development in Alex Kurtzman’s The Amazing Spider-Man Movie Script.
Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Seni,
Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Yogyakarta: Universitas Sanata
Dharma.
Penelitian ini berfokus pada perkembangan kepribadian tokoh antagonis

dalam film The Amazing Spider-Man 2. Perkembangan antagonis sangat tidak
dapat diprediksi karena ia mengubah dirinya dari orang biasa menjadi penjahat.
Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menganalisis perkembangan
kepribadiannya dan menyelidiki faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya.
Penelitian ini merumuskan dua pertanyaan penelitian. Pertanyaan
pertama adalah: Bagaimana perkembangan kepribadian antagonis dalam naskah
film The Amazing Spider-Man 2? Pertanyaan kedua adalah: Faktor apa saja yang
mempengaruhi perkembangan kepribadian tokoh antagonis dalam naskah film
The Amazing Spider-Man 2?
Pendekatan psikologis diterapkan karena penelitian ini bermaksud
menganalisis perkembangan kepribadian seorang tokoh. Sumber utama penelitian
ini adalah naskah film The Amazing Spider-Man 2. Sumber lainnya adalah
literatur dan tulisan psikologi yang relevan di buku, jurnal, dan sejenisnya. Ada
tiga teori untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian: teori karakter, karakterisasi,
dan pengembangan kepribadian.
Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa antagonis The Amazing Spider-Man 2
mengalami perkembangan kepribadian yang luar biasa. Kepribadiannya
berkembang dari orang yang rendah, penyayang, dan lembut menjadi orang yang
superior, pendendam, dan brutal. Selain itu, perubahan konsep diri, peran, dan
fisiknya merupakan faktor perkembangan kepribadiannya. Hasil penelitian ini
dapat menjadi sumber literasi untuk mengetahui mengapa siswa mereka memiliki
sikap buruk. Di sisi lain, juga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa
dalam memahami secara kritis perkembangan tokoh dalam sebuah cerita.
Kata kunci: Electro, personality development, The Amazing Spider-Man 2
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE PAGE ........................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL PAGES .............................................................................................. ii
STATEMENT OF WORK’S ORIGINALITY ...................................................... iv
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN .............................................................v
DEDICATION PAGE ............................................................................................ vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................. vii
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... ix
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................................x
TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................... xi
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................1
A. Research Background.....................................................................1
B. Research Questions ........................................................................4
CHAPTER II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .......................................5
A. Review of Related Theories ...........................................................5
1. Theory of Character and Character Development..........................5
2. Theory of Personality Development...............................................9
B. Review of Related Studies ...........................................................12
C. Theoretical Framework ................................................................15
CHAPTER III. METHODOLOGY .......................................................................16
A. Object of the Research .................................................................16
B. Approach of the Research ............................................................17
CHAPTER IV. ANALYSIS ...................................................................................17
A. The Character Development of Electro in The Amazing Spider-
Man 2 ...........................................................................................17
1. The Portrayal of Max Dillon (Before Experiencing a Tremendous
Electric Shock Accident)..............................................................21
2. The Portrayal of Electro (After Experiencing a Tremendous
Shock Accident) ...........................................................................28
B. The Factors that Influence The Personality Development of
Electro in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 .........................................37
1. Electro’s Change in Self-Concept ................................................38
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2. Electro’s Change in Role .............................................................39

3. Electro’s Change of Physique ......................................................40
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS, & RECOMMENDATIONS
................................................................................................................................42
A. Conclusions ..................................................................................42
B. Implications ..................................................................................43
C. Recommendations ........................................................................44
REFERENCES .......................................................................................................45
APPENDIX. The Synopsis of The Amazing Spider-Man 2 Movie ........................47
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the introduction parts of this research. There are two
parts in this section. The first section is research background and the second one is
research questions.
A. Research Background
Literature is one of the most meaningful fields in language learning.
According to Moody (1962), "literature springs from inborn human love of telling
a story, of arranging words in pleasing patterns of expressing in words some
special aspect of human experience" (p.26). In other words, the literary work
includes valuable things from the deepest of human hearts that can be important to
everyone. As time passes, the literary work evolves and adjusts with the era. In
this respect, there are plenty of forms of literary work, such as novels, short
stories, poetry, prose, comics, drama, Etc.
In this modern era, literary work transforms into a creation that can be
enjoyed as a moving picture called a movie. A movie is a work that tries to deliver
a message by using motion pictures, camera technology utilization, color, and
sound (Azhari & Rahayu, 2023). Indeed, the things that can interest people in
watching a movie are the characters. Abrams and Harpham (2014) insist that
characters are the persons represented in a dramatic or narrative work whom the
reader interprets as processing particular moral, intellectual, and emotional
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qualities by interferences from what the persons say and their distinctive ways of
saying it (the dialogue) and from what they do (the action) (p.23). It can be
interpreted that characters in a movie script are made to manifest the personality
owned by human beings that are shown fictionally. Besides, in its establishment,
characters have to go through some steps so that the performance will be
outstanding, meaningful, and able to entertain the viewers.
This research is based on a movie script by Alex Kurtzman, The Amazing
Spider-Man 2. This research uses this movie as the object because it uniquely and
unpredictably constructs its antagonist, Electro. In other words, what makes this
movie different from others is that this movie script-writer tells the complete story
of how an ordinary person becomes the story's central villain. In the movie script
of The Amazing Spider-Man 2, the character Electro (actually named Max Dillon)
initially is only an ordinary and straightforward man who works as an electrician
at OSCORP and loves Spider-Man a lot since Spider-Man has saved him from a
brutal accident in New York City. One day, an accident at OSCORP makes him
become an electric man and a strong villain of Spider-Man with an arrogant and
brutal personality. Based on that portrayal, this research aims to investigate the
personality development of Electro as the antagonist character since there are
several reasons or things why he becomes an antagonist. In other words, there is
something massive that develops a character's personality in a movie (Setyawan,
2018).
Moreover, the antagonist character becomes the object of this research
because it is one of the crucial roles in a story to deliver a meaningful message.
Specifically, like a spice in a dish, the antagonist character is one of the essential
roles which completes a story to be a work that can be enjoyed by the audience
well and comfortably. In this case, the antagonist is one of the story's strengths,
which leads the story to raise the conflict as the booster of the storyline to the
climax (Santosa & Wahyuningtyas, 2010, p.7).
As mentioned earlier, the portrayal of Electro in this movie script is
exceedingly unique and unpredictable. In its movie script, the antagonist
character's personality development cannot be seen directly from the beginning
and can be seen as more striking than the protagonist. In this case, it consists of
many actions or movements where the transformation or development of that
antagonist character's personality from an ordinary man who lives a simple life to
a villain who can use his power to do anything he wants negatively makes this
movie script interesting. Roberts and Henry (1987) declare that "every single
moment, action, interaction, speech, and also a conflict that was experienced by a
character, can give impact to the plot of a story or the character" (p. 119).
By adapting The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie script, this research can
be a reference for understanding the antagonist’s personality development more
deeply. Furthermore, this research can also be a source of information in finding
out the factors that influence the antagonist’s personality development, which is
rarely discovered in other research.

B. Research Questions
Based on the background above, this research raises two research
questions that are investigated in this research.
1. How is the antagonist’s personality developed in The Amazing Spider-
Man 2 movie script?
2. What are the factors that influence the personality development of the
antagonist in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie script?

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter consists of some reviews of related studies, theories, and
concepts which propose to support this research in reaching the goals of the
research objective. In this respect, three major parts are included: a review of
related theories, a review of related studies, and a theoretical framework.
A. Review of Related Theories
In this section, two relevant theories are utilized to answer the research
questions of this research. The first relevant for this research is the theory of
antagonist character and character development. It elaborates on the type of the
character and how it is described in the story. The second one is the theory of
personality development which leads this research to reveal the personality
changes of Electro/Max Dillon in the story.
1. Theory of Character and Character Development
Since this study proposes to dig out the personality development of such a
character, the theory of character and character development are the two elements
needed in this research. The theory of character consists of the type of character in
the story. On the other hand, the characterization theory is about how the character
is described in a story.
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a. Theory of Character
The theory of character and characterization must be utilized in the whole
discussion in this research since it proposes to dig and find out how Electro is
described in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie script deeply. Generally, when
people learn a story, the characters are the key to understanding the story well and
properly (Reich, 2017, p. 39). In other words, characters are the soul of a story,
and they should be played by an appropriate actor so that the movie script will be
able to realize the message or the value in a good way.
Abrams and Harpham (2009) suggest that “characters are the persons
represented in a dramatic or narrative work, whom the reader interprets as
possessing particular moral, intellectual, and emotional qualities by interferences
from what the persons say and their distinctive ways of saying it-the dialogue-and
from what they do-the action” (p.23). Similarly, characters are the figures of the
story which propose to animate the story as much as possible while enclosing
some specific human personality. In this case, characters have several types that
must be noted. Robert and Henry (1987) declare that:
There are two types of characters: round and flat characters. A round character is
usually a significant character continually developing or changing, and a round
character is dynamic. The other type of character is a flat character that takes a
big part in a story. However, its traits and role are not necessary. (p. 120)
In other words, characters have roles with different purposes in a story. On
the other hand, in terms of nature, characters are divided into two parts:
protagonist and antagonist. The protagonist is an important role or the primary
character in a story which usually plays as a good person and has a good purpose
(Abrams and Harpham, 2009, p.14). An antagonist is a character who proposes to

try to disturb or ruin every good purpose (being a wrong person) in a story
(Abrams and Harpham, 2009, p.14).
In addition, in terms of embodiment, animals, and humans are usually the
embodiment of characters in a story. Both animals and humans are human
symbols; however, most authors choose humans as the characters of a story since
humans can develop characters with various aspects (Santosa & Wahyuningtyas,
2010, p.7).
b. Theory of Characterization or Character Development
Since the development of Electro as the antagonist in this movie script is
unique and unpredictable, the theory of character development must be utilized
throughout the discussion in this research to dig out how Electro is developed
clearly. In this respect, in its definition, character development is the changing
process of a character which is influenced by its situation and can be found in its
characteristics, behavior, traits, and thoughts in a story (Arp & Johnson, 2006;
Forster, 1980). Therefore, it needs some particular things to make the characters
animate the story. In other words, the dramatist must invest some particular
attributes in the character so that it has its characteristic in the story. Reaske
(1984) asserts that there are six methods for developing a character:
1) The Appearance of The Character
The character's appearance in a story makes it easy for most people to
identify what kinds of characters are since it is visible directly, whether young or
old, a meticulous or sloppy person, Etc (Reaske, 1984, p. 44).

2) Asides and Soliloquies
A character can be developed by using short aside or long soliloquies. In
this case, most people tend to understand what type of the character is when he or
she is speaking about his or her thoughts and feelings solely. For instance, a
villain will be known when he/she explains the wrong intentions or hope in the
story (p. 44).
3) Dialogue Between Characters
People can learn how the character's personality is established by paying
attention to the conversation between the character and another character. In other
words, the dialogue becomes the center of attention where the people can judge
the character in the story (Reaske, 1984, p. 45).
4) Hidden Narration
The dialogue in the story occasionally cannot make people identify what
kind of the character is. However, the hidden narration of one character to another
character can help people understand how the character is portrayed (Reaske,
1984, p. 46).
5) Language
Recognizing the characters can be done by paying attention to their way of
speaking, expression, and words. The language uttered by a character can lead
people to know who they are in the story. For instance, a rude person in the story
can be known when s/he expresses swearing and impolite words (Reaske, 1984, p.
47).
6) Character in Action
The gestures or actions of the characters are essential in a play
performance. The gestures or actions applied by the characters in every scene in a
story can make people understand how the characters are developed (Reaske,
1984, p. 48).
2. Theory of Personality Development
Since this research desires to dig out how the antagonist character’s
personality is developed by applying the psychological approach, the theory of
personality development is needed so that this research can reveal the factors that
can influence Electro to be an antagonist in such a way in The Amazing Spider-
Man 2 movie script. In dealing with the theory of personality development, this
research utilizes the Hurlock theory, which is elaborated in two parts: the
definition of personality development and personality change by conditions.
a. The Definition of Personality Development
In definition, Hurlock (1976) in her book entitled Personality
Development declares that:
Personality derives from the Latin persona, "mask." Among the Greeks, Actors
used masks to hide their identity on stage. This dramatic technique was later
adopted by the Romans, to whom persona denoted "as one appears to others," not
as the one is (p. 6).
Specifically, a character's personality is a medium to shape the character in such a
way that helps the audience recognize who she or he is in the story excitingly.
Therefore, that unique characteristic is the way of differentiating one character
from another other character. Personality also can be meant as a set of entities
embedded and run dynamically in human psychology that forms humans'

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characters, proceedings, and mind wherever and whenever they are (Kernberg,
2016). Another way of saying, personality can change or not be steady since
several things can affect it, both from internal and external factors.
b. Personality Change by Conditions
Hurlock (1976) also adds that some conditions influence someone's
changes of personality: the changes of physical change, environment, role, self-
concept, strong motivation, social pressures, significant people, and
psychotherapy.
1) Change in the Physique
The change in physique is a gradual and inevitable change in humans'
lives. Hurlock considers that the physique changes are related to injuries,
glandular disturbances, illness, and maturation (1976). From that change, people
will have a new version of themselves which happens along with the occasions
experienced them from year to year uniquely. Therefore, ready or not, each person
will experience the changes in their body that can be their tags of who they are in
today's world (Hurlock, 1976, p.124).
2) Change in the Environment
The environment is one of the things that can affect someone's changes
and occur in every stage of human life: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. In
other words, where a person lives can influence his/her personality development
or self-change (Hurlock, 1976, p. 125).
3) Change in Significant People
Hurlock (1976, p. 126) claims, "When the significant people in an
individual's life change, and when he tries to adapt his pattern of behavior and his
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attitudes, beliefs, values, and aspirations to their changes in his personality is
inevitable." By understanding that concept, significant people can be essential in
shaping someone's characteristics.
4) Change in Social Pressures
The change in social pressures is like an indirect demand for someone to
be accepted in certain circumstances or environments. It directly encourages
someone to adapt, which proposes to be able to socialize with a specific society in
a particular place. Consequently, it can be concluded that social pressures
gradually influence a person's characteristics (Hurlock, 1976, p. 126).
5) Change in Roles
The term role in this point refers to a position or status which can
influence the person’s personality development. Hurlock, in her book, asserts that
some components give rise to role changes: age, affiliation with the group, and the
condition of the economy. In this case, when the change of person results in a
better status, the person’s self-concept will also change to be a better version.
More simply, when the role of someone in life is changed, it directly affects the
change of their nature or attitude. Nonetheless, on the other hand, someone’s
personality can be damaged by role changes if he/she is unprepared or forced to
face it, even blocked from experiencing it by someone (Hurlock, 1976. p. 127).
6) Strong Motivation
In this life, people must be motivated to reach something they desire. In
this respect, it affects their personality since people are motivated to transform
their nature to rectify their relationship with others. For instance, a young man
must be diligent in learning, practice often, and compete with his classmates to
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gain a good score on his exam. By doing that, he desires to show others that he is
intelligent and can get a good score (Hurlock, 1976, p. 127).
7) Change in Self-Concept
Self-concept changes are the transformation of someone’s personality
which needs strong willingness and takes a long time since there must be any
challenges or obstacles in actualizing it, such as other’s emotional, intellectual,
and environmental. In undergoing this change, someone needs to know
himself/herself deeply to understand what they want or desire in life without any
influence, even persecution from anyone (Hurlock, 1976, p. 128).
8) Use of Psychotherapy
According to Hurlock (1976), “psychotherapy is based on the assumption
that a poorly adjusted person can make better adjustments if he is helped to
develop a more favorable self-concept.” In other words, by obtaining others’ help,
someone can shape his/her characteristics (Hurlock, 1976, p. 129).
B. Review of Related Studies
This research utilizes four studies as references. The first research is a
thesis by Nasution entitled Violated Maxim in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 Movie.
It has three research objectives: describing the violation of the maxim used in The
Amazing Spider-Man 2, deriving the dominant violation of the maxim used in The
Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie, and reasoning for the type of maxim dominantly
violated in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie. In this research, Nasution and
Ginting use Grice’s Cooperative Principles, divided into four types (utterances
violated the maxim of relation, quantity, quality, and manner) to analyze the
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violated maxim utterances by the main character. In this research, a total of 51
utterances violated of maxim found by the author in The Amazing Spider-Man
2 movie: 20 (39.2%) utterances violated of maxim relation, 16 (31.5%) goes to a
maxim of quantity, 8 (15.6%) for the maxim of quality, and 7 (13.7%) for the
maxim of manner. The similarity between Priyandani’s research and this research
is focusing on the same object: The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie. However, this
research proposes to reveal the character development of the antagonist character
(Electro), which is different from Priyandani’s research which desires to disclose
the violated maxim by the main character, Peter Parker, in The Amazing Spider-
Man 2 movie.
The second research is a thesis by Samuel and Simatupang
entitled Language Attitudes and Application in the Movie The Amazing Spider-
man: Sociolinguistics Studies. Two research objectives are to be dug out:
analyzing the types of language attitudes in The Amazing Spider-man and
analyzing the meaning type from the source from the official movie script. Samuel
and Simatupang conduct this research using descriptive analysis and Perloff’s
(2003) theory. Both of the writers find that two types of languages arise in The
Amazing Spider-Man movie: attitudes of Vernacular and attitudes of Standard
English. For the meaning of each attitude, the writers of this research
define Attitudes of Vernacular as a language or dialect native to a region or
country rather than a literary, cultured, or foreign language or being a nonstandard
language or dialect of a place, region, or country. At the same time, Standard
English is defined as the English used by educated people with relatively high
social status. The differences between this undergraduate thesis with Samuel and
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Simatupang’s research are the object of the study (The Amazing Spider-man) and
the focus of the study (languages attitudes and their application in the movie).
The third research is by Dhaneswara, entitled The Aspects of Heroism
Reflected in Spider-man 2 Movie. This research proposes to dig out and show
Peter Parker's nature of heroism in Spider-Man 2 movie. The writer applies a
library study and a sociological approach to collecting the data, supported by Dr.
Andrew Bernstein's theory of heroism. For the findings, Dhaneswara finds that
Peter Parker has several symbols of heroism: prowess, moral greatness, action in
facing his opponent, and triumph in at least a spiritual or physical form. Besides,
the indication of him as a hero in Spider-Man 2 movies are activities, dialogues,
and scenes. The differences between this research and Dhaneswara's research are
the object of study (Spider-Man 2 movie) and the focus of the study (the aspects
of the heroism of Peter Parker as the main character).
The fourth research is from Anissa, entitled Personality Development of
Maleficent as Seen in Elizabeth Rudnick's Maleficent. There are two research
objectives in her research: knowing Maleficent's description in the novel as well
as understanding the personality changes experienced by Maleficent depicted in
the novel. Anissa, in this research, applies the psychological approach where she
uses Hurlock's theory as the base of her analysis. Her research findings are that
Maleficent is a depressed, bad-tempered, impatient, wicked, and spiteful fairy.
Moreover, the personality changes that Maleficent experiences after she meets
Princess Aurora are caring and loving, regretful, brave, and strong. In comparison,
the factors that affect Maleficent's personality development are changes in
significant people, changes in self-concept, changes in roles, and strong

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motivation. The differences between Anissa's research and this research are the
object of the research, where Anissa's research concerns the Maleficent Novel
written by Elizabeth Rudnick. In contrast, this research uses Alex Kurtzman's The
Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie script, which focuses on the personality
development of Electro (the antagonist character).
C. Theoretical Framework
After collecting and understanding all the theories elaborated in the
previous point, it is easier for this research to dig out and find the development of
the antagonist character’s personality (Electro) in The Amazing Spider-Man 2
movie script. The theories utilized in this research are the theory of character,
character development, and personality development.
The first theory is the theory of characters and characterization or
character development. It used to dig out and describe what kind of character
Electro before and after his development of personality is from Abram and
Harpham (2009), Santosa and Wahyuningtyas (2010), Robert and Jacob (1987) as
well as theories Reaske (1984). The second theory is the theory of personality
development. This theory is utilized to investigate what factors of personality
changes are experienced by Electro. The theory is from Hurlock (1976).

CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter contains two sections, the first is the object of study, and the
second is the approach of the study. The object of the study elaborates on the
general information of The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie script, such as the
story's background, director, writer, and so on. On the other hand, the approach of
the study presents an approach utilized as the method in analyzing the
development character of Electro, the antagonist character of The Amazing Spider-
Man 2 movie script.
A. Object of the Research
The object of this research is The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie script. It
was written by Alex Kurtzman in 2012 and had a seventy-three-page. This movie
script has been chosen as the object of this research since the story has an
antagonist character who undergoes a unique and unpredictable personality
development from the beginning. In this respect, Alex Kurtzman, as the movie
script writer, develops the antagonist from an ordinary man to a strong villain and
becomes the powerful opponent of Spider-Man. In terms of a movie, The Amazing
Spider-Man 2 is an American superhero movie that first aired on April 18, 2014,
in Mexico and on May 2, 2014, in the United States. This film also stars Andrew
Garfield as Peter Parker, Jamie Foxx as Max Dillon/Electro, Emma Stone as
Gwen Stacy, Dane DeHaan as Harry Osborn/Green Goblin, Etc. This second
sequel of The Amazing Spider-Man impressively has achieved several
16
17
achievements, including Top Box Office Films in the ASCAP Film and
Television Music Awards 2015 and Favorite Movie Actress (Emma Stone) in the
Nickelodeon Kids’ Choice Awards 2015, and also been nominated in the other
awards. Besides, this film also earned $709 million during its broadcast in
cinemas worldwide.
B. Approach of the Research
An approach is needed in this research since this research wants to analyze
the literary work. In this respect, the approach used in this research is
psychological. According to Rohrberger and Woods (1971), "psychological
approach itself is an approach used in discussing the complexity of thought,
behavior, and actions" (p.13). Using it for literary work is a way of criticism that
views the psychological angle (Semi, 2013, p.14).
On the other hand, Hardjana (1994) claims that a psychology approach is
an approach that considers psychological aspects and concerns the human mind
through characterizations in a literary work (as cited in Astuti, Mujiyanto, and
Rohmadi, 2016, p. 3). In other words, applying the psychological approach in
analyzing a literary work can help people reveal the characters' behavior and
motivation which arises in it (Utama, 2004 as cited in Dinata, 2011, p. 2).
Therefore it is suitable if this research intends to utilize the psychological
approach since it proposes to reveal and analyze Electro's personality
development supported by the theory of character and characterization by Abrams
and Harpham (2009), Robert and Henry (1987), and Reaske (1984); as well as
18
discuss the factors that influence Electro experiencing the personality
development with the theory of personality development by Hurlock (1976).
This research applies to the library study since all data are from the movie
script supported by supporting books and articles. According to Purwono (n.d),
"library study is all the efforts that the researcher makes for gathering relevant
information with the topic or problems that will, or that will be or are being
studied" (p.1). In this respect, library study is done by reading, analyzing, and
note-taking all the literature or reading materials by the topic, then theoretically
filtering and pouring into a framework (Kartono, 1998, p. 24).
Based on Purwono and Kartono's descriptions related to the library study,
this research manages in four steps. The first step is rereading and reviewing the
character Electro in the story. In this respect, it has to read the movie script of The
Amazing Spider-Man 2 by Alex Kurtzman. By doing it, this study can identify the
development of Electro in the story and the personality changes he experiences.
The second step is gathering the data or evidence from the movie script. This
study also tries to find relevant and suitable theories to support the data or
evidence well and adequately. In this case, the theory used in this research is the
theory of character and characterization and the theory of personality
development. The third step is analyzing by categorizing it using the theories used
as the base of answering the research questions. The fourth step is validating the
analysis by consulting the results with an expert in the psychology field. Since this
research utilizes a psychological approach, it becomes necessary to ensure it is
done correctly by asking for validation from the psychology expert. The fifth step
is revising the analysis of the result. The last step is formulating the conclusion of
19
the research. The conclusion in this research is created based on the answer to the
two research questions.

CHAPTER IV
ANALYSIS
This chapter presents the result of the study by applying the approach
explained in Chapter III (methodology). This chapter discusses two parts, which
propose answering the two research questions in Chapter I. The first part presents
the personality development of Electro in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie
script. On the other hand, the second part explains the factors that influence the
personality development of Electro. In answering those research questions, this
research utilizes the script of The Amazing Spider-Man 2 by Alex Kurtzman as the
data source.
A. The Character Development of Electro in The Amazing Spider-Man 2
Referring to Abrams and Harpham's (2009) description of the character in
terms of nature, the character Electro is an antagonist since in The Amazing
Spider-Man 2 movie; it plays a role as the opposition of Spider-Man (Peter
Parker) who is the hero (protagonist) in the story.
Moreover, based on the theory of Robert and Henry (1987), which is
related to the types of characters, Electro is a round character because a developed
character in the story, and it raises the nature and behavior that cannot be
estimated easily. The development or changes that happen with Electro in the
story is his personality which is affected by the events, experiences, and even the
conflicts he encounters throughout the story. It can be indicated by how Electro,
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21
previously known as Max Dillon, is an ordinary electrician in OSCORP and then
becomes Electro, the villain with electric power.
Therefore, in this subtopic, this research breaks Electro's personality
development in the story. In this respect, this subtopic divides into two sections.
This subtopic is broken down into two sections because the development or the
change of Electro's character happens when there is an accident that Electro
experiences. The first section discusses the portrayal of Max Dillon before being
Electro or antagonist, and the second section is the portrayal of Electro, who
becomes the villain in the story. This research utilizes the theory of
characterization by Reaske (1984). This theory is used since it is in line with the
aim of this research which proposes to explore character development in play
form. Based on the analysis using Reaske's theory, this research finds three ways
to develop Electro in the story: asides and soliloquies, dialogue between
characters, and character in action.
1. The Portrayal of Max Dillon (Before Experiencing a Tremendous
Electric Shock Accident)
In this section, this research tries to break down the portrayal of Max
Dillon in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie. Max Dillon is a character who is
known as a character before being Electro (the antagonist). Consequently, this
research mentions Electro as Max Dillon, making it straightforward to read this
section. In its proof, this research provides several pieces of monologue and
dialogue, which are contained in the script of The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie
by Alex Kurtzman, as evidence.

22
a. Inferior
Being inferior is one thing that portrays Max Dillon in the story. By
definition, being inferior makes someone feel alone and worthless (Zheng, Baskin,
& Peng, 2018). In the early part of the story, Max Dillon is portrayed as an
ordinary person who works as an electrician at OSCORP. In this case, he seems
like someone who quickly carries out some stuff. Suddenly, all the stuff in his
hands falls and becomes messy on the streets. Initially, he asks for help from
someone around him, but no one wants to help him gather his stuff. Spider-Man,
who realizes Max’s condition, directly moves to help and secure him from the
wildness of the robber who drives the truck brutally.
Spider-Man : Whoo... Okay. Okay. There you go. You okay? You all
right?
Max Dillon : You're Spider-Man.
Spider-Man : Costume gives it away? These look pretty important,
Max.
Max Dillon : Max? How do you know my name?
Spider-Man : It's written on your badge.
Max Dillon : I'm nobody.
(Kurtzman, 2014:5)
The dialogue becomes the center of attention where the people can judge the
character in the story (Reaske, 1984). Based on the dialogue above, Max seems
surprised that Spider-Man has helped him. However, he feels he does not deserve
it since he is a nobody, in his opinion. That thought can arise since no one wants
to help, even care for him in trouble. Max’s words in the above dialogue describe
that he feels he is only an ordinary person without pride. Being inferior also can
be found when he helps Gwen Stacy use an elevator.
Gwen Stacy : Thank you, you’re a real gentleman. Most people would
have just let those close.
Max Dillon : Most people don’t notice other people.
(Kurtzman, 2014:17)
23
The dialogue above indicates that Max indirectly reveals his feelings to
Gwen Stacy. In this case, he wants to be respected like people in general, but
eventually, the people do not notice his existence.
Another proof that Max is inferior is when he feels that no one cares about
his birthday. In this case, it happens when Mr. Smythe asks him to stay at
OSCORP to fix the electricity flow problem. He feels that everyone has left and
does not care about his birthday.
Mr. Smythe : Whoa. Dillon. You stay here.

Max Dillon : What?
Mr. Smythe : There's a current flow problem in the lab. Why don't you
take a look?
(The elevator has come. Mr. Smythe and everyone go into the elevator.)
Max Dillon : It's my birthday. Everybody else is leaving. Why do I
have to stay?
Mr. Smythe : Because you're special.
Max Dillon : Smythe! I mean, Mr. Smythe.
Max Dillon : Happy birthday.
(Everyone leaves Max alone by using the elevator. Max seems so
frustrated.)
(Kurtzman, 2014:21)
Looking at the dialogue above, Max seems sad since he feels everyone
does not care about him on his birthday, including Mr. Smythe. Even though Mr.
Smythe wishes him a happy birthday, it is only chit-chat and leaves Max alone. It
is not a good way of saying happy birthday and certainly annoys Max.
Furthermore, it does not stop there. The movie shows that he feels ostracized
when trying to fix the electrical flow problem.
Max Dillon : At least somebody's partying.

(...)
Max Dillon : I'm so sick that I can't get to my birthday after all I
put together for this company. Designed the grid…
(Kurtzman, 2014:21)
24
The monologue above shows that he feels that not only all employees at
OSCORP but also the OSCORP (as a company) do not appreciate him, even
wishing him a happy birthday sincerely. He hopes his birthday will be a particular
day, but he is treated arbitrarily. He is the person who has done an essential thing
for OSCORP, which is designing the electrical grid which supports the whole
city’s electricity power.
Thus, by collecting and elaborating on all the evidence above, it can be
concluded that Max Dillon is an ostracized person or someone whose presence is
never noticed by most people. Even though he has done significant work for the
whole city, everyone still does not consider him an important person.
b. Loving
This part explains that Max Dillon loves about things related to Spider-
Man so much. According to the Titus and Scrofani (2012), “love is a sensation, a
concept, and an expression that frequently denotes different things to a particular
individual.” As said before, Spider-Man has saved Max Dillon from a brutal
accident. Starting from that moment, he becomes a big fan of Spider-Man since he
not only saves his life but Spider-Man also changes Max’s mind. In this respect,
Spider-Man makes him think he is crucial, and he has to be grateful for what he
has. In this respect, it proves that one day, Max designs his room with everything
related to Spider-Man, such as photos, posters, newspaper clippings, puppets,
spider webs, Etc. In that situation, he imagines happily celebrating his birthday
with Spider-Man in his apartment. He also does not care about Spider-man’s
destructive issues by the press since he knows how amazing Spider-Man is. He
even thinks the press should call Spider-Man ‘The Amazing Spider-Man .’ In this
25
case, he proves that with his asides and soliloquies below. In other words, his love
or admiration for Spider-Man from his thoughts and feelings solely (Reaske,
1984).
(The scene shows the Spider-Man decoration in Max’s apartment)

Max Dillon : Whoa. Well, look who's here. Spidey. How was your
morning? Aces, Max, aces. I've been out saving the world.
All the crime-fighting you've been doing, and all of a
sudden, you take time out to come visit little old me. Max.
It's amazing to... But of course you would. Why wouldn't
you visit me? We're best friends. What are you doing?
You made me a cake? People don't get a chance to see
these small, kind things that you do for people. I know
what they say about you in the press but it doesn't
matter to me. I know the real you. Because you're
amazing. Wow. That's what the press needs. They
should call you The Amazing Spider-Man.
(Kurtzman, 2014:14-15)
The other evidence that Max loves about Spider-Man is when he comes
late to OSCORP. Max Dillon’s lateness certainly annoys Mr. Smythe since Max
Dillon has to be responsible for his work at OSCORP. However, Max Dillon
prides himself on designing the power grids that city dwellers use. Hearing Max
Dillon’s statement, Mr. Smythe is more annoyed and says something that makes
Max Dillon directly react to it brutally.
Mr. Smythe : Dillon. You're late.

Max Dillon : Doggone trains are so slow, sir.
Mr. Smythe : Don't you realize Oscorp is now responsible for the entire
city's energy supply?
Max Dillon : I submitted a lot of designs for the power grid and they used
a lot of them, and I noticed that, and those power grids were
designed by me.
Mr. Smythe : You designed them? Sure you did. And I'm Spider-Man.
(Suddenly, Max lifts Mr. Smythe’s collar and threatens him brutally.)
Max Dillon : You're no Spider-Man! He's a Leo, you're a Sagittarius!
You besmirch him again, I'm gonna rip your well-
groomed head off!
26
(It turns out it is just Max’s imagination, and the supervisor requires Max
to return to work)
Mr. Smythe : Now, get to work!
(Kurtzman, 2014:17)
In that dialogue, it shows that Max Dillon can memorize something related to
Spider-Man perfectly in terms of Spider-Man’s zodiac. He also does not accept if
there is someone (especially Mr. Smythe) who claims to be Spider-man randomly
and will not hesitate to beat Mr. Smythe up if he does the same thing in the future.
Even though it is only in his imagination, it directly indicates enough that Max is
a big fan of Spider-Man.
Other than that, there is evidence that Max Dillon greatly admires Spider-
Man. He says how cool Spider-Man acts to save himself and needs him as a
friend. It can be seen in the dialogue between Max and Gwen when they use the
lift.
Max Dillon : Hanging out near the blaze. It must be cool, huh? To
have the whole world look at you like that? You know,
Spider-Man saved my life one time. Out of all the
people in the whole city, he saved me. He said he needed
me.
Gwen Stacy : That must be a good feeling.
(Kurtzman, 2014:18)
Seeing that dialogue shows Max Dillon is amazed when he sees Spider-
Man on TV. He believes being Spider-man is astonishing since everyone can see
his heroic action. Even though the time when he meets Spider-man is short, he can
proudly describe to Gwen that he is so grateful to have been saved by Spider-Man
from the accident and the people who ignore him.
Therefore, by having these three pieces of evidence, it can be concluded
that Max Dillon loves about Spider-Man, even whenever he is. He can describe
27
how charming Spider-man is and is grateful to have known Him in a good
moment.
c. Gentle
In the story, Max Dillon is initially gentle. Gentleness itself can be shown
by someone when he does something carefully and sincerely both for his/herself
and others (Pyszkowska, 2020). Furthermore, the gestures or actions applied by
the characters in every scene in a story can make people understand how the
characters are developed (Reaske, 1984). Therefore, Electro’s gentleness be
comprehended with his action below.
Gwen Stacy : Can you hold that, please?

(Max tries to open the lift door, which starts to close.)
Max Dillon : I got it
(Max succeeds in opening the lift door, which starts to close.)
Gwen Stacy : Thank you, you're a real gentleman. Most people
would have just let those close.
(Kurtzman, 2014:17)
As portrayed in the dialogue and portrayal above, Gwen asks Max to help
use the lift. Swiftly, Max directly tries to open the lift door, and luckily, Max and
Gwen can go up the lift together. Then, Gwen thanks and compliments Max on
what he does for her. Understanding the portrayal above considers Max's excellent
attitude toward helping the person around him.
A person with a gentle attitude also can be indicated by his/her awareness
and activeness in caring for something ideally (Schoeman, 1987). In The Amazing
Spider-Man 2 movie, Max Dillon is also a responsible person. The responsibility
of Max Dillon can be seen when an electrical flow problem occurs at OSCORP.
Since he works as an electrician at OSCORP and he designs the electricity system,
he is asked by Mr. Smythe to fix it before he goes home. Even though Max
28
initially complains about Mr. Smythe's orders, he finally stays and tries to fix the
problem at the center of electricity. When he arrives there and realizes where the
problem is, Max calls his friend to help him. However, his friend has left, and he
finally does it alone.
Max Dillon : I know. Just a little indigestion.

(...)
(Max tries to call Gilbert to help him.)
Max Dillon : Gilbert? It's Max. Can we shut down power on Sector 32,
please?
Gilbert : Forget it. I'm out the door.
Max Dillon : What do you mean? I'm up here. It's dangerous.
Gilbert : Sorry, Max.
Max Dillon : Hello?
(Gilbert ends the call)
Max Dillon : Fine. I'll do it myself.
(Kurtzman, 2014:21)
Based on the dialogue and portrayal above, it shows that even though his
friend refuses to help him, Max still wants to fix the problem alone. It is
dangerous for Max since the significant electric current can sting and cause
serious injury.
2. The Portrayal of Electro (After Experiencing a Tremendous Shock
Accident)
In this section, this research will discuss the portrayal of Electro, who has
experienced a massive electric shock accident. Electro itself is the transformation
of Max Dillon, which leads him to undergo several changes, including his
physique and character.
After experiencing a massive electric shock accident, Max Dillon has
encountered some significant changes. His body is changed to flow with great
electricity that is difficult to control, and he wants to be called Electro. In having
that condition, he encounters some events which gradually change his thoughts
29
and personality. Since the character is called Electro after experiencing significant
changes, this research mentions the character as Electro so the reader can
understand this research. Like the previous section, this research also provides
several pieces of monologue and dialogue, which are contained in the script of
The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie by Alex Kurtzman as evidence.
a. Superior
Electro becomes a superior character due to being inferior when he is
known as Max Dillon. Feeling superior is a condition when someone feels
himself/herself has higher status or quality than others (Bogart, Benotsch, &
Pavlovic, 2004). After having superpowers, Electro feels that he is higher in terms
of strength than the others. Being ostracized and disrespected by most people in
the past also encourages him to be a superior person who can do whatever he
wants. That nature develops when Dr. Kafka wants to research him. Initially, the
process of it runs smoothly. However, it turns out to be gripping since Dr. Kafka
angers Electro.
Electro : You wanna know how powerful I am?

Dr. Kafka : Yes!
Electro : Well, so do I.
Dr. Kafka : Ooh!
(Electro groans in pain loudly.)
Electro : I'm dying to know, doc. But you better make damn
sure you kill me this time. Because if you don't, I'm
gonna kill the light. So everyone in this city is gonna
know how it feels to live in my world. A world without
power. A world without mercy. A world without Spider-
Man.
(Kurtzman, 2014:43)
The dialogue above reveals that Electro has a hatred for what he has
experienced, even with Spider-Man. By paying attention to that his way of

30
speaking, Electro wants Dr. Kafka to know that he can do anything with his
superpower. He also desires to make everyone suffer like him in the past.
His superior attitude also indicates when Harry Osborn tries to free him
from prison. In this case, Electro reveals his deep grudge against Spider-Man. He
seems to regret having considered Spider-Man as his friend.
Electro : Give me one reason. Why I should trust you?

Harry Osborn : Because I need you!
Electro : You need me?
Harry Osborn : Yes. I need you. You are my only chance that I have at
surviving.
Harry Osborn : Yes. I need you. I need you. Please! Please! Please! I
know what it's like to be thrown away! Please, Max! I
need you! I need you!
(...)
Electro : You wanna be my friend?
Harry Osborn : I thought we were already friends.
Electro : I had a friend once. It didn't work out.
Harry Osborn : Yeah. Me too.
Electro : Then let's go catch a spider.
(Kurtzman, 2014:55)
Based on the dialogue above, Harry Osborn asks Electro to help him since
he knows that Electro is powerful. Electro is angry with someone whom he
considers a ‘friend.’ The term ‘friend’ actually refers to Spider-Man. The reason
why Electro considers Spider-man as his friend is that he thinks that Spider-Man
had saved him from an accident previously when he was still known as Max
Dillon. However, that friendship ends because Electro thinks Spider-Man has
betrayed him. Therefore, after being released from prison, he deals with Harry
Osborn to avenge his revenge on Spider-Man.
Electro’s superiority continues before he fights against Spider-man in the
middle of the city. Some sentences indicate how spiteful Electro is to everyone,
including Spider-Man.
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Electro : You're too late, Spider-Man. I designed this power grid.

Now I'm gonna take back what is rightfully mine. I will
control everything. And I will be like a god to them.
(Kurtzman, 2014:61)
Electro in his monologue above expresses that Electro wants to show
Spider-Man that he can do an extraordinary thing like God in trying to defeat
Spider-Man. That monologue also signifies that he has taken over the city's
electrical grid that he set before (when he is Max Dillon). The reason why he does
it is because he thinks that grids are entirely his. It also indicates that he wants
everyone's electricity power to depend on him. He does it because he proposes to
take revenge on those people who never notice or ostracize him.
b. Rancorous
After having experienced some significant changes, Electro also becomes
a rancorous person. A rancorous person is someone who shows hateful feelings
and intends to hurt others due to being offended (Poggi and D’Errico, 2018). In
this case, Electro's hate goes to Spider-Man, who has hurt him.
As is known previously, when he is known as Max Dillon; he is a Spider-
Man enthusiast who loves Spider-Man a lot since Spider-Man has saved him from
a massive accident. Nonetheless, when he appears as Electro, his deep love for
Spider-Man vanishes and turns into a fire of hatred.
At the beginning of his appearance, Electro becomes the center of attention
of many people as he takes the city’s electricity and becomes the target of the
police. Initially, he feels surprised to be like that because he thinks everyone can
finally see and realize his appearance. Nevertheless, that feeling instantly
disappears along with the appearance of Spider-Man.

32
Electro : I just wanted everyone to see me.

(A police leader talks on the walkie-talkie.)
Police Leader : He makes a move, take that shot.
Spider-Man : How about you come with me? We'll go talk. Away from
all these people, okay?
Electro : Yeah, yes.
(A policeman shot Electro.)
Spider-Man : No! No! Stop!
(Electro counterattacks the police blindly with his electricity power.)
Spider-Man : Max!
(All people are yelling. Spider-Man tries to rescue a police officer from the
building's ruins. All people are chanting because of it.)
All people : Spidey, Spidey, Spidey!
(The crowd is booing and shouting indistinctly to Electro.)
A kid : Electro dummy!
A man : Get outta here you freak!
Electro : Shut up!
(Electro thinks that Spider-Man is selfish since everyone seems to be
cheering Spider-Man loudly.)
Electro : You're so selfish.
Spider-Man : Stay with me, Max.
Electro : You set me up.
Spider-Man : No, I didn't set you up.
Electro : You lied to me!
Spider-Man : No, I'm trying to help you
(Kurtzman, 2014:33)
Based on the dialogue above reveals that Electro becomes jealous of
Spider-Man. That happens because Electro thinks Spider-Man has stolen his show
or people's attention. In other words, his feelings change from surprised to angry
as he learns that despite his incredible strength, he feels Spider-Man is still the star
in people's eyes. He becomes jealous and thinks that Spider-Man is selfish, setting
him up to be the public enemy. At that moment, it indirectly changes his point of
view about Spider-Man, or he becomes a Spider-Man hater.
c. Brutal
Sanchez (2020) states, “Brutality overflows the concept of violence with
intuitions of excessive force, harm, ruin, and devastation perpetrated against
others.” In his portrayal, Electro becomes brutal, which is different from his
33
personality previously, known as a gentle person. As is said before, Electro has
transformed to be someone who has superpowers. In this respect, he can control
his superpowers perfectly to attack everyone who wants to ruin his plan, including
Spider-Man.
His brutality starts with his first presence in the middle of the city.
Initially, he comes to the city and unloads the center’s electricity grid to add his
energy. It certainly makes some people scared, and there are some police trying to
secure him. However, the police’s efforts make him angry since he feels innocent.
Then, he brutally attacks the police and makes the situation around it tense.
The Police : On the ground now!

Electro : Don't do that. Please! It's not my fault!
(The police are shouting indistinctly.)
Electro : I said stop!
(Electro attacks all the police with his electricity power, making them
bounce away.)
(Kurtzman, 2014:31)
The dialogue and portrayal above show that Electro does not accept that
the police accuse him since he thinks he does not make any mistakes. At that
moment, he looks like he does not hesitate to directly attack all the police who
accuse him of being guilty.
His second brutality can be seen in his action when Spider-Man comes to
see what has happened with the police and Electro. At that moment, Spider-Man
tries to communicate with Electro to calm him down. However, that plan fails
because of the police's carelessness, making Electro more brutal. It shows in the
dialogue and portrayal below.
Electro : I just… I just wanted everyone to see me.

(A police leader talks on a walkie-talkie.)
Police Officer : He makes a move, take that shot.
34
Spider-Man : How about you come with me? We'll go talk. Away from
all these people, okay?
Electro : Yeah, yes.
(A policeman shoots Electro.)
Spider-Man : No! No! Stop!
(Electro counterattacks the police blindly with his electricity power.)
(Kurtzman, 2014:33)
Based on the portrayal above, Electro wants to show everyone that he can
utilize his power brutally and blindly against anyone who interferes with him. He
does not care about everyone there, even with Spider-Man, who is the person that
he admires.
The third proof that Electro is brutal is when Harry Osborn rescues him at
Ravencroft Institute. In this case, Electro kills all security with his electricity
power and places Dr. Kafka (who tries to research him) in prison to replace him.
Electro does that because he wants to avenge Dr. Kafka, who has underestimated
and tortured him arbitrarily.
Harry Osborn : Max, we don't have much time!

Securities : Go! Go, go! Go!
Electro : Give me one reason. Why I should trust you?
Harry Osborn : Because I need you!
Harry Osborn : Yes. I need you. You are my only chance that I have at
surviving.
Harry Osborn : Yes. I need you. I need you. Please! Please! Please! I
know what it's like to be thrown away! Please, Max! I need
you! I need you!
(Max yells and tries to release himself by utilizing his power. Finally, he
can free himself—Electro's electricity power stains all the securities,
including Dr. Kafka. Surprisingly, Dr. Kafka is still alive and tries to
run away. However, Electro realizes that and directly stings Dr. Kafka
with tremendous electrical power.)
Dr. Kafka : No!
(Dr. Kafka screams so hard since Electro tortures him greatly.)
(Kurtzman, 2014:55)
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Electro’s brutality continues to the fourth evidence when he helps Harry
Osborn to get a specific spider blood at OSCORP. In that plan, Electro kills the
officer that proposes to meet Donald Menken, who knows where the spider blood
is. Not only that, but he also stings Donald Menken, who does not want to show
where the spider blood is.
Security : We have to move, now.

Donald Menken : Why? What's happened?
(Electro kills the security quickly and enters the office to meet Donald
Menken.)
Harry Osborn : Remember me? Oh, my, Oh, my.
(Electro stings Donald Menken's working table until it flies apart.)
Harry Osborn : How the tables have turned. I know it's hard to
admit, but how spectacular a move is this? Am I
right? Right as rain. Okay, so, Fairy Godmother, it
is time to grant me a wish. I want in to Special...
Donald Menken : How dare you come back in here? You recalcitrant,
unworthy, defective, urchin freaks.
(Electro stings Donald Menken with great electricity power until he
falls instantly.)
Harry Osborn : Oh, God, I'm sorry. That's just not the answer we
were looking for.
(Kurtzman, 2014:56)
As revealed before, Electro does not hesitate to attack the people who try
to hinder his plans, including all the securities. Harry Osborn also describes that
Electro's superpowers are spectacular and can destroy anyone. Moreover, the
dialogue above shows Electro does not like Daniel Menken, who humiliates Harry
Osborn, since it hinders and thwarts his plan. Then, Electro directly attacks the
security and Donald Menken to speed up his plan to help Harry Osborn to get the
spider's blood.
Another evidence that Electro is brutal is when he tries to catch Spider-
Man's attention to fight with him. He brutally and gradually seizes all of New
York's electricity so that he can have extreme power. By doing that, he

36
successfully attracts Spider-Man's attention, and he has also interfered with all the
activities happening in some places, such as on a plane, highway, and in
hospitals.
(Suddenly, the electricity around New York City is down.)
Spider-Man : What the hell is that?

Gwen Stacy : Is that Max? He must have cut the power to the whole
city.
(Kurtzman, 2014:59)
The situation at the airplane:

Pilot :New York Approach. This is Pan National 273 on
approach. How do you hear? Approach, do you copy?
Co-Pilot : Radio's working. It's not us.
Pilot :Tower, we're experiencing some kind of electrical
disturbance. Instruments are going haywire. Radar is
down. We're flying blind out here. Do you hear, copy?
(Kurtzman, 2014:59)
The situation on the highway.

(Many people are screaming. A police officer speaks loudly by using a
megaphone.)
Police Officer : Do not panic. Everyone, please return to your vehicles.
Go back to your cars. Remain calm. Do not panic.
Everyone return to your vehicles.
(Kurtzman, 2014:59-60)
The situation at the hospital.

(Doctor and Aunt May are doing intensive care on a patient in the
hospital.)
Doctor : I need a respirator right now.
Aunt May :They're battery-operated.I'll get it. Hang on. Okay.
(Kurtzman, 2014:61)
Based on the situation in the city, Electro's brutal action certainly can
disturb the people's activity in the city since all the electricity is down. That
situation also makes the situation scary, which can be seen in some places. The
first place is on the airplane. The pilot, who flies a plane, also loses his connection
with the airport, which can endanger all the lives of the passengers on board. The
second is on the highway. The people on the highway the police officer's
37
monologue, describe that all people seem so panicked and do not know what they
should do besides running around to protect themselves. The last place is at the
hospital. The dialogue between the doctor and Aunt May indicates that Aunt May
has to operate the respirator, which uses batteries to help the patient to breathe
well.
B. The Factors that Influence The Personality Development of Electro in
The Amazing Spider-Man 2
In this last part of the analysis, this research explains the factors
influencing Electro’s personality development in The Amazing Spider-Man
2 movie. As explained previously, this research utilizes the theory of personality
development from Hurlock (1976) to analyze what kind of changes encourage
Electro to be a character in such a way. This theory looks at personality
development, which discusses all the aspects that influence someone’s
characteristic renewal. In this case, it is certainly suitable to use in this research
where it proposes to investigate what factors influence Electro’s personality
development in such a way. For this reason, the personality development theory
by Hurlock is utilized in this research so that the basics of this research are
accountable. Based on the analysis from the last part, which is the development of
the character Electro, this research reveals that three factors affect Electro’s
personality development. They are a change of self-concept, a change of role, and
a change of physique.
38
1. Electro’s Change in Self-Concept
The first factor which affects Electro’s personality development is a
change of self-concept. Self-Concept change is someone’s whole perception
regarding his/her weakness and strength, abilities, and the like (Hurlock, 1976).
Besides, when it is changed, it encourages someone to have a new perspective due
to what he/she has just experienced that affects his/her abilities, intellectuals, Etc
(Hurlock, 1976). It aligns with Electro’s self-concept in The Amazing Spider-Man
2 story. His self-concept has changed from inferior to superior due to what he has
experienced and felt.
Starting from when he is known as Max Dillon, he becomes inferior since
there are some terrible threats from many people. He feels he has no appreciation
and is not noticed by others. At the same time, he has done an important job for
the whole city at OSCORP: designing the electricity grid that all New York
citizens can enjoy. As a result of those nasty threats, he certainly thinks he is a
nobody and worthless. In essence, he is so frustrated with his condition and feels
so clueless to make others at least consider his existence.
Then, when Max Dillon becomes Electro, his self-concept changes from
inferior to superior. The electricity superpowers in his body certainly pull him to a
mindset where he considers everything trivial and can be conquered easily. In
other words, Electro can do anything with his superpowers and thinks no one can
stop him. He is even brave to challenge Spider-Man, who has incredible spider
power. His bad experiences in the past also encourage him to feel superior since
he wants to make all people suffer like him. In essence, there will be no mercy for
the people who have hurt him in the past.

39
2. Electro’s Change in Role
Role change is the second factor that influences Electro's personality
development. The role term refers to a position or status that can influence a
person's personality development (Hurlock, 1976). More simply, when the role of
someone in life is changed, it directly affects the change of their nature or attitude
(Hurlock, 1976). This statement is undoubtedly the same as the role of Electro in
The Amazing Spider-Man 2 story. As described previously, he is determined to
love Spider-Man a lot or be a Spider-Man enthusiast. However, he turns out to be
a hater of Spider-Man after undergoing bad experiences.
At the story's beginning, Spider-Man is influential to Max Dillon. He has
saved Max from the massive accident and considers Max one of the most
influential people to him. Electro undoubtedly heard a remarkable statement since
he knows that everyone has ostracized him. For those reasons, Max Dillon is so
loving about Spider-Man. However, he transforms into a Spider-Man hater after
becoming Electro. Becoming a man with a superpower surprises him since
everyone finally notices his existence. His presence becomes a spotlight for all
people because he has created chaos in the middle of the city. Shortly after, all the
attention turns to Spider-Man, who initially wants to help Electro.
Nevertheless, that attention cannot be accepted by Electro. Electro thinks
that Spider-man's presence has stolen his 'show' in the middle of the city, making
him angry. After that, the fight between Spider-man and him is inevitable. He
considers Spider-Man as his enemy, which has to be destroyed.

40
3. Electro’s Change of Physique
The third factor that can be seen that influences Electro's personality is the
change in his physique. Physical changes may affect someone's personality from
maturation, illness, injuries, and so on (Hurlock, 1976). In this respect, it happens
with Electro, who undergoes nasty injuries. The injuries that make him not only
seem so different but also change his personality.
As it is portrayed in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie, Electro is initially
known as Max Dillon in the early part of the story. He lives as a simple citizen
who works as an electrician and is known as a gentle guy who voluntarily wants
to help the people, set the city's electricity grid, and obey Mr. Smythe's command.
Nevertheless, behind the goodness that he has, he feels ostracized since no one
notices his existence. In other words, he feels that all the efforts that he has made
are so futile because he feels that people ostracize him.
After having experienced an accident, he is changed drastically to be
someone who chis annot be known easily. At the beginning of his appearance as
Electro, his body becomes blue and is flowed with super electricity power.
Initially, he does not know what is happening to him. Nonetheless, when he
knows that everyone can realize his existence by having that power, he becomes
brutal and spiteful.
As described previously, his brutalities are shown when he attacks all the
police who want to secure him at the beginning of his presence as Electro. He also
takes over the whole city's electricity power which causes several chaotic
situations in some places, such as on airplanes, highways, and hospitals. That
thing certainly can harm most people and create an agitated situation. His
41
electricity takeover also indicates how he becomes a spiteful person. In this
respect, he wants to show that the changes in his physique, which give him
superpower, can make the people feel that their life depends on him, who has been
humiliated and rejected by them. In other words, the changes in his physique are
used as a medium of improvement; he can do anything to make the people regret
it since they have ostracized him.

CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents three significant parts. The first part is a conclusions
consisting of a summary of the research analysis previously. The second part is
implications recommendations which cover several further actions that may be
useful for future researchers interested in discussing a movie's research.
A. Conclusions
Based on the analysis, some findings can be brought out to answer the two
research questions. The first research question is how Electro developed in The
Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie script. After gathering and discussing the data, this
research finds that Electro is an antagonist character who develops unpredictably.
In addition, Electro is an antagonist and central character, which certainly takes an
important role.
Electro is known initially as Max Dillon, who is exposed as inferior,
loving, and gentle. The feeling of being ostracized directly makes him think he is
a nobody and worthless. He also loves Spider-Man a lot. In this case, his
admiration for Spider-Man runs so deep inside his mind, which makes him so
enthusiastic and grateful to have ever known Spider-Man. Furthermore, his
gentleness can be seen when he sincerely helps others and is responsible for doing
his work alone.
Then, when Max Dillon becomes Electro, his initial personality is
transformed totally. In this case, his personality is developed to be superior,
42
43
rancorous, and brutal. Electro’s superiority arises from electricity superpowers
that make him think stronger than the others. Then, he becomes a rancorous
person, where his admiration for Spider-man vanishes and becomes a deep hatred.
Lastly, he becomes brutal since he has enormous electricity power, which can be
used to attack anyone.
After analyzing the personality development of Electro, this research
investigates the factors that influence Electro's personality development. The first
factor is the change in self-concept. That factor leads to his personality being
inferior to superior. The second factor is the change in roles. Spider-Man's
betrayal changes him from being a Spider-Man enthusiast to a hater, affecting
Electro's personality from loving to rancorous. The third is the changes in
physique. The changes in Electro's physique lead to his personality changing from
being gentle to brutal.
B. Implications
This research certainly has some implications, particularly in the field of
education. For the teacher, the result of this research can be a reference for
making learning material to understand a character. At the same time, since this
research uses a psychological approach, it can be a source of literature for teachers
to determine why their students have a terrible attitude. Then for the students, the
research results are expected to enhance students' knowledge in understanding the
development of a character in a story while watching a movie. In other words, it
can encourage the students indirectly to think critically about what happens with
the character rather than only enjoying the story. Moreover, students also can
44
catch this research as a reference for their learning, primarily related to the
literature field.
C. Recommendations
The Amazing Spider-Man 2 has been researched; it gives many lessons to
people, especially the development of its antagonist character. Throughout that
topic, Alex Kurtzman, the movie script's writer, directly opens people's minds to
the fact that unhappiness in life may lead someone to be an antagonist. In essence,
this research reveals that this movie is entertaining and gives people insights into
the development of human nature.
This research certainly could be better. Therefore, several further actions
can be taken to utilize this research properly and correctly. First, this research
proposes to discuss personality development using a psychological approach
in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie. Therefore, it is expected that future
researchers will be able to use that approach to analyze another topic related to the
same movie. For instance, future researchers can use psychological approaches to
research the psychological problems undergone by Electro. Second, the findings
of this research are expected to help future researchers as a valuable reference that
can be used properly. Third, this research can be arranged well and supported by
some references such as journals, articles, and theses. Nevertheless, it is intended
for future researchers to find books specifying personality development in
physique since it is challenging to find them in electronic form.

REFERENCES
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APPENDIX
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48
The Synopsis of The Amazing Spider-Man 2 Movie
The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie is a continuation of The Amazing
Spider-Man movie aired in 2011. Like sequels in general, this movie serves as the
extension of its first version, where it tells the story after the death of Gwen’s
father, Captain George Stacy (Denis Leary). After Captain George knows who the
person behind the Spider-Man mask is, Peter Parker (Andrew Garfield), he
instructs Peter to stay away from his daughter, Gwen Stacy (Emma Stone), for her
life safety. Then, Peter grants Captain George’s wish and directly breaks his
relationship with Gwen after graduating from high school.
Nevertheless, without being denied, the strength of love between Peter and
Gwen makes them fall in love again. In contrast, Captain Geoge’s last message is
still remembered in Peter’s mind, which makes him in a dilemma. In the middle of
that situation, Peter faces a significant problem: the emergence of Electro (Jammie
Foxx). Electro is initially known as Max Dillon and is a worker at OSCORP
company. He is always ostracized by everyone whenever and wherever he is. One
day, when he tries to fix the electricity problem at OSCORP, he experiences a bad
accident that stuns him with a significant electric current. After that, Max
becomes a person who can absorb electricity from anywhere. Slowly after it, he
has superpowers that can be utilized to attack everyone. He also becomes violent
and wants to take revenge on everyone who has ostracized him in the past.

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PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

AN ANALYSIS OF THE ANTAGONIST’S PERSONALITY

A SARJANA PENDIDIKAN THESIS

Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

FACULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION

To my (late) father and mother,

First, I would like to express my deep gratitude to my almighty God Jesus

and unyielding personality.

Second, I thank my beloved campus Sanata Dharma University. It is an

compassionate lecturers and supportive friends during my tenure as they have

profoundly enriched my life over the past four years.

Third, I desire to express my deep gratitude to my late father Martinus

Marcellinus Estu Priya Kurniadi as well as my brother in law Andreas Ertinus

gratitudes continue to my 'second' parents Albertus Yuono and Bernadetha

my two splendid cousins Sebastianus Wisnu Wardhana and Kresentia Ayu

Kusuma Wardhani, who have been a great place to seek happiness.

Fourth, I thank Veronica Triprihatmini, M.Hum., M.A., as my thesis

me to think critically and learn independently to show my best in this research.

also goes to my academic advisor Rina Astuti Purnamaningwulan, M.Hum, who

University. Not only that, I express my big thanks to my friends on campus,

unforgettable memories and experiences during studying at the campus.

She also always encourages me to focus on reaching my goals bravely and

make more great memories in the future.

Ultimately, I thank everyone who consistently helps and prays for me to

and happy condition.

Suryaleksana, Blasius Banu. (2023). An Analysis of Antagonist’s Personality

This research focuses on the personality development of the antagonist in

Keywords: Electro, personality development, The Amazing Spider-Man 2

Suryaleksana, Blasius Banu. (2023). An Analysis of Antagonist’s Personality

Penelitian ini berfokus pada perkembangan kepribadian tokoh antagonis

Kata kunci: Electro, personality development, The Amazing Spider-Man 2

2. Electro’s Change in Role .............................................................39

Literature is one of the most meaningful fields in language learning.

a story, of arranging words in pleasing patterns of expressing in words some

stories, poetry, prose, comics, drama, Etc.

a message by using motion pictures, camera technology utilization, color, and

reader interprets as processing particular moral, intellectual, and emotional

characters have to go through some steps so that the performance will be

outstanding, meaningful, and able to entertain the viewers.

This research is based on a movie script by Alex Kurtzman, The Amazing

initially is only an ordinary and straightforward man who works as an electrician

personality development of Electro as the antagonist character since there are

several reasons or things why he becomes an antagonist. In other words, there is

something massive that develops a character's personality in a movie (Setyawan,

Moreover, the antagonist character becomes the object of this research

because it is one of the crucial roles in a story to deliver a meaningful message.

climax (Santosa & Wahyuningtyas, 2010, p.7).

As mentioned earlier, the portrayal of Electro in this movie script is

exceedingly unique and unpredictable. In its movie script, the antagonist

character's personality development cannot be seen directly from the beginning

many actions or movements where the transformation or development of that

By adapting The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie script, this research can

be a reference for understanding the antagonist’s personality development more

deeply. Furthermore, this research can also be a source of information in finding

rarely discovered in other research.

Based on the background above, this research raises two research

questions that are investigated in this research.

1. How is the antagonist’s personality developed in The Amazing Spider-

Man 2 movie script?

antagonist in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 movie script?

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter consists of some reviews of related studies, theories, and

related theories, a review of related studies, and a theoretical framework.