VERB TENSES

Basic grammar
Verb tenses
present

past future

Past Present Future

Simple (1V) S + V2 S + V1 will + V1
(-) did not V do not V will not V
(?) Did + S + V? Do + S + V? Will + S + V?
Continuous was/were + Ving am/is/are + Ving will be Ving
(be + Ving)
(-) was/were + not + Ving
(?) Was/Were + S + Ving?
Perfect had + V3/ed have + V3/ed will have V3/ed
(have + V3/ed)
(-) haven’t + V3/ed
Perfect continuous
(have been Ving)
Had been Ving have been Ving will have been Ving

PRESENT TENSES
Simple present
• 1V

S – I/We/You/They (>2) + V1
He/She/It (1) + V-s/es
I. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
• Forms
• Tobe: S + am/is/are + ... S + am/is/are + not+ ... Is/Are + S
+ ...?
• Verb:
I/We/You/They + V + ... I/We/You/They + don’t + V + ... Do + you/They
+ V + ...?
He/She/It + Vs/es + ... He/She/It + doesn’t + V + ... Does + he/she/it
+ V + ...?
* In questions: I/we you my/our your
* Notes: play plays study studies
_ch, _sh, _ss, _o, _x + es (watches, washes,
passes, goes, fixes)
• Common adverbs
always usually often sometimes seldom = rarely hardly never
every (day/week...)
• Uses
• A fact Water boils at 100oC. Chicken don’t
have 4 legs.
• A present habit I get up early every day. She usually
studies hard.
• With certain verbs (love, like, hate, need, want, know, believe...) I love
you
• A scheduled event My flight takes off at 11 o’clock tomorrow
night.
• Pronunciation
/s/ _t, _p, _k, _c, _th, _gh, _ph seats, maps, books, comics, months,
laughs, photographs
/iz/ _ch, _sh, _ss, _x, _ge watches, flashes, crosses, boxes, bridges
/z/ the rest computers, pens, bottles, dictionaries,
bags, goes
EXERCISE 1
•
• Jane (be) a teacher.
.......................................................................
 .......................................................................
.......................................................................
• I always (close) the window at night.
.......................................................................
.......................................................................
.......................................................................
• He usually (wash) his car on Sundays.
.......................................................................
.......................................................................
.......................................................................
• They seldom (drink) tea in the morning.
.......................................................................
.......................................................................
.......................................................................
• The post office (close) at 5.30 p.m.
.......................................................................
.......................................................................
.......................................................................
• Kirsty and I (usually/get) up late on Sundays.
.......................................................................
.......................................................................
.......................................................................
• Helen (often/be) in bed before midnight.
.......................................................................
.......................................................................
.......................................................................
• We (never/eat) breakfast at home.
.......................................................................
.......................................................................
.......................................................................
•
•Jacob (always/have) football practice on Saturday morning.
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
• My friends (sometimes/play) tennis on Sunday afternoon.
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
EXERCISE 2: Provide correct sentences in Present Simple tense
• university / ? / sister /study / what / your / does / at /........................................................................
• not / coffee / they / like / tea / . / but / they / like................................................................................
• four / she / speak / languages / . ................................................................................
• ? / sport / play / does / any / she ................................................................................
• music / what / like / kind / you / of / do / ? ................................................................................
• on / his / . / often / car / Sundays / he / wash ................................................................................
• magazines / read / / ? / any / you / do ................................................................................
• cinema / ? / often / the / you / to / do /go ................................................................................
• in / the / both / we / to / the / morning / listen / radio.........................................................................
• always / . / window / because / I / the / is / close / the / cold / it / at /................................................

II. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

• Forms
S + am/is/are + Ving S + am/is/are + not+ + Ving Is/Are +
S + + Ving?
* Notes: write writing lie
lying
play playing study studying
run running swim
swimming
doubling consonant: 1 syllable bigger * -w, -x
boxes
2 syllabes + second stress: beginning
• Common adverbs
•
• right now / now - Look! / Listen! / Hurry
up! / Watch out!
• at present = at the moment = at the being time - these days
• Uses
• An action at the time of speaking I am studying English now.
• A continuous action in a period He is writing his essays this week.
• A complain (with always/frequently) Tom is always making noise in my class.
• A sudden change of habit They often have breakfast at home, but
this morning they
are going to a fast-food store.
EXERCISE 3: Complete the sentences with Simple present tense or Present
continuous tense
• What …………………………. Tom usually …………………………. (have)
for breakfast?
• Alan (always/study) ………………………..…….hard at school.
• Listen! Sandy (sing) …………….……………. in the bathroom.
• Our cat (seldom/lie) …………………………. on the sofa.
• What …………………….. Mary ……………………. (do) ? She's a student.
 • My whole family (go) ………..………………. to church once a week.
• Leap year (come) …………..……………. every four years.
• My mother (make) …………………..………….breakfast now.
• My grandfather (go) ……………………………….for a walk every evening .
• The boys (not/swim) ………………..………….in the pool right now.
• The weather (get) ………………….……….very cold in Moscow in the winter.
• (they/send) …………………………..…. text messages at the moment?
• Many birds of Europe (fly) ………………………….south to Africa every
winter.
• Look! That lady (eat) ………………………….the tenth hamburger.
• My sister (usually/go) ……………………….out with friends at night, but this
evening she (stay) ………………………… at home.

III. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

• Forms

S + have/has + Vp.p S + have/has + not + Vp.p Have/Has + S +

Vp.p?

* Notes: write wrote written begin began

begun

play played study studied

stop stopped fit fitted

• Uses

• An action happened in the past and continues to present I have lived in Dalat
for 15 years.

• An action happened at an unspecific time in the past He has met them

somewhere before.

• Recent actions My mother has just

gone out.

• Repeated actions We have seen “Home

 alone” four times.

• Common adverbs

•
• Since + moc tgian/S-V
• For + khoang +Ns (1)
• Yet (-,?)
• Ever (?) (1) : đã bao giờ
• Never (+)
• Just
• Recently (3)
• Lately (3)
• Already (4)
• So far
- Up to now
- Up to present (1)
- (several) times (4)
- In the last ...years/months…
- đầu câu This is the first/second...time(1)
• Pronunciation
/id/ _t, _d wanted, needed
/t/ _p, _k, _ch, _sh, _ss, _x, _ge, _ghstopped, booked, watched, washed, passed, fixed,
changed, laughed
/d/ the rest borrowed, learned, raised, played
EXERCISE 4: Since/for
• I haven’t phoned home ………..Christmas.
• She has worked for International House ……….. more than eight years.
• He hasn’t visited my hometown ………..we left school.
• They haven’t had a day off ………..2009.
• Jonathan has been in Paris ……….. more than two weeks now.
• Peter and Stephen have been best friends ……….. they were nine.
 • He has been back ……….. two hours.
• We’ve been standing here ……….. twenty-five minutes.
• Kate has been learning French ……….. she was eleven.
• Grandfather has been living with us ……….. Granny died.
EXERCISE 5: Complete the following sentences with Present Perfect tense
•
• They (walk) 20 kilometers so far
• They have walked 20 kilometers so far
.....................................................................
• I (already/write) my first song.
I have already written my first song............
.....................................................................
.....................................................................
• She (drink) six cups of coffee since 8 o’clock.
She has drunk six cups of coffee since 8 o'clock
.....................................................................
.....................................................................
• My aunt (buy) a new car recently.
My aunt has bought a new car recently.......
.....................................................................
.....................................................................
• Alice (write) to me in the last 3 months.
Alice has written to me in the last 3 months
.....................................................................
.....................................................................
• Max (go) to London since September.
Max has gone to London since September..
.....................................................................
.....................................................................
They (do) their thesis lately.
They have done their thesis lately...............
.....................................................................
.....................................................................
• Up to now, Dane (cook) dinner really well.
Dane has cooked dinner really wel up to now
.....................................................................
.....................................................................
EXERCISE 6: Put the verbs into the correct form of Present Perfect tense
• I (not/work) …………haven't worked……………… since Tuesday.
• We (just/buy) ……have just bought…………………… a new lamp.
• We (not/plan) ………haven't planed…………………our holiday yet.
• He (write) …………has written……………… five letters so far.
• She (not/see) …………hasn't seen………………him for a long time.
• (speak/he) …………Has he spoken….……………… to his boss?
• School (start) ………has started…………………yet.
• We (be) …………have had……………… here since 9 o’clock.
 • He (live) ……………has lived…………… in that hotel since the beginning of
August.
• She (study) ………………has studied………… English for five years.

• I (not/visit) haven't visited the cinema ………………………… for ages.

• My brother (see) ………has seen…………………101 Dalmatians several times.
EXERCISE 7: Complete the following sentences with Present Perfect tense
• Bob / not / visit / his grandma / for / years.......................................................................................B
• Jimmy / play / on the computer / 2 hours.........................................................................................Ji
hours
• Sarah / not / wash / her clothes / yet. Sarah hasn't washed her clothers yet...............................
• Jenny / lock / the door / ? Has Jenny locked the door?.............................................
• Sue and Walter / just / wash / their car. Sue and Walter have just washed their car......................
• Andrew / already / repair / his bike. Andrew have already repaired his bike...........................
• Ever / she / be / to London / ? Has she ever had to London?..........................................
• David / not / drink / milk / for weeks. David hasn't drunk milk for weeks..................................
• How many / books / Bob / read / ? How many have books Bob read?...................................
• Tamara / draw / a lot / pictures Tamara has drawn a lot pictures......................................
• Just / do / Jack and Alan / homework. Jack and Alan have just done homework........................
• Your sister / prepare / dinner / yet / ? Has your sister prepared dinner yet?...............................
• Rebecca / never / stay / a five-star / hotel.........................................................................................R
• How long / you / play / together /? How long have you played together?..............................
EXERCISE 8: Choose the best answer
1. They (learn)…..........French at present with their classmates.
a. are learning b. learnt c. have learnt d. had
learnt
2. What time (go) …..........to work every day?
a. is he going b. did he go c. does he go d. was he
going
3. She (learn) …..........Japanese since her family moved to Japan.
a. learnt b. was learning c. had learnt d. has learnt
4. Where they (go) …..........now?
a. do they go b. will they go c. did they go d. are they
going
5. Her mother (go) …..........on business to Hanoi five or six times a year.
a. is going b. went c. has gone d. goes
6. Where is your brother? He (have) …..........a bath.
a. has b. had c. is having d. will have
7. French (teach) …..........in that college since 1979.
a. was taught b. was being taught c. has been taught d. had been
taught
8. He (consider) …..........the applicants at the moment?
a. Does he consider b. Is he considering c. Has he considered d. Did he
consider
9. Recently, the best way to protect the environment (be found) …...........by some
scientists.
a. is found b. is being found c. was found d. has been
found
10. She (devote) …..........all her life to the education cause in the last twenty years.
a. has devoted b. devoted c. will devote d. had
devoted
11. The man (catch) …..........any fish yet?
a. Has the man caught b. Does the man catch
c. Is the man catching d. Was the man catching
12. The sun (not shine) …..........everyday in England
a. not to shine b. does not shine c. is not shining d. will not
shine
13. The Thames (flow) …..........through London.
a. flows b. is flowing c. flew d. has flown
14. They (work) …..........very hard lately.
a. are working b. worked c. were working d. have
worked
15. Look! Boys and girls (dance) …..........beautifully.
a. are dancing b. danced c. were dancing d. have
been dancing
EXERCISE 9: Complete the sentences with SIMPLE PRESENT, PRESENT
CONTINOUS, or PRESENT PERFECT forms of verbs
• Jenny (never/go) ……………has never gone…………to Africa.
• My sister (never/go) ………has never gone……………out at night.
• Sam (watch) ……………is watching…………television in the living room right now.
• What (Tom/have/usually) ………What usually Tom
have………………………………………for breakfast?
• Ben (just/be) …………has just had……………fired. He (work) …………has
worked……………for that import company for more than ten years. We (be)
…………have…………… surprised at the manager’s decision.
• Jodi (live) ………has lived……………………….in Tokyo so far.
• Watch out! We (strike) ……are……striking…………….an iceberg.
• Alice is so excited about her trip. This is the first time she (come) ………………has
come………to Japan.
• Look! Water (flow) ……is flowing…………………from the canyon.
• Tim (sleep) ………has slept………………in the downstairs bedroom about sixth
times.
• What (Mary/do) …………is Mary doing………………these days? _She (study)
………has studied…………for the final exams.
• I (hardly/go) ………have hardly gone………………swimming when it (be)
 ………………have………cold.
• (Stephen / ever / visit) …………Has ever Stephen visited……………Venice?
• Don’t rush me. I (work) ……an working…………………as fast as I can.
• Alan (always/study) ……………always studies…………..…….hard at school.
• (they/send) …………………………they are sending..…. text messages at the
moment?
• Listen! Sandy (sing) …………is singing….……………. in the bathroom.
• Our cat (seldom/lie) ………seldom lies…………………. on the sofa.
• My sister (usually/go) …………usually goes…………….out with friends at night,
but this evening she (stay) ………is staying………………… at home.
• They (play) …………………have played……….badminton since they came to
Canada?

IV. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

• Forms

S0 + have/has + been + Ving S + have/has + not + been + Ving Have/Has + S +

been + Ving?

• Uses

• Action in progress throughout a period of time (situations started in the past,

continues to present and are still going on) It has been snowing all day

• A past activity that has caught a present result. I’m hot because I have been
running a lot.

• a factory has been releasing toxic pollutants then a rives is polluted now

• She has been crying all morning

• Notes
• HiỆN tại hoàn thành ,hành động hoàn thành r , ngắt quảng
• Kéo dài
• Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn : liên tục trong 1 khoảng thời gian , nhấn mạnh
tính liên tục
• Gây kết quả ở hiện tại

Present perfect tense Present perfect continuous tense

Completed activity Continuous activity
 E.g. I’ve learnt all of the irregular
verbs.
Durable verbs
E.g. I have lived here for 10 years.
E.g. I’ve been learning irregular verbs all
day.
Temporary verbs
E.g. I have been waiting for 2 hours.

EXERCISE 10: Complete the sentences with PRESENT PERFECT or PRESENT

PERFECT CONTINUOUS forms of verbs
• Your mother is still in the kitchen. She (cook) …………has been
cooking……………….all morning.
• I (cook) ………………i have been cooking………….a lovely meal which I’ll be
serving in a couple of minutes.
• I saw her in May, but I (not/see) ………haven't seen………………….her since
then.
• The little boy is dirty from head to foot because he (play) ……………has been
playing…………….in the mud.
• Maria is typing an essay on the cause of the First World War. She (type)
……………has typed…………. since 8 o’clock but she (type)
………………………has typing….only 5 pages.
• I (write) ……………have writing…………….them three times, but I still haven’t
received a reply.
• Tim (sleep) …………………has been sleeping…….in the downstairs bedroom
only once. He usually sleeps upstairs in the bedroom he shares with his brother.
• Janice (sleep) …………has slept……………….for almost eleven hours. Don’t
you think we should wake her up?

V. SIMPLE PAST TENSE

• Forms

• Tobe: S + was/were + ... S + was/were + not+ ... Was/Were + S

+ ...?

• Verb: S + V2/ed S + did + not + V Did + S + V?

• Uses
 • An action happened and ended in the past I was born in 1999.
• A past habit My father often went fishing when
he was young.

• Common adverbs
- yesterday - ago - last - in (...) - since -
when

EXERCISE 11: Complete the sentences with the SIMPLE PAST or PRESENT
PERFECT forms of the verbs
• I (meet) …have met……………Tim when he was a child, but I (not/see)
………………haven't seen……him for many years.
• Somebody (steal) ……………has stolen…………my bicycle! Now I'll have to walk
home.
• Gerry (fall) ……………………has fallen… off his bike three times this month.
• Chika (graduate) …………graduated……………from university last July.
• I (see) …………have seen……the movie Titanic three times. I'm going to see it
again tonight.
• Ouch! I (cut) ……have cut…………………my finger!
• I (walk) ……………walked…………to work every day in the last six weeks!
• When Young Hee was a child, she (live) ……………has lived………… in Seoul.
• I (lose)……………lost………… my key yesterday, so I couldn't get into the house.
• They (paint) …………………have painted……the car. It looks new again.
• Last year, we (travel) ……traveled…………………to Italy
• The girls (have) ……have had…………………their lunch yet.
• I (meet) ……………met…………my friends two days ago.
• My best friend and I (know) ……………have known…………each other for over
fifteen years.
• Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss) ……have missed…………………the bus
this morning. You (be) …………have been…………… late to work too many times.
You are fired!

EXERCISE 12: Complete the following sentences with the correct verb forms of
Simple present, present continuous and simple past tense
• At the moment, my sister (cook) ..............is cooking.....................dinner.
• In the 1970s, university and college students (usually/wear) .....usualy
wear.............................. jeans.
• Her father (be) ...........................is........a doctor.
• I (always/go) ................always go...................to work on time.
• There (be/not) ........aren't ...........................many singers in the 18th century.
• Listen! They (argue) ......................are argueing.............again.
• (he/stay) ......................did he stay...........in Nha Trang last week?
• Jimmy (like/not) .....................isn't likes..............going to work every Saturday.
• Mandy (leave) ..........left.........................London in 2000.
• Tuan and Lan’s baby (sleep) .............are sleeping......................right now.
• They (win) ..................won.................a lottery yesterday.
• Be quiet! I (listen) ........am listening...........................to the news.
• The children (be) ..................was.................at home last weekend.
• Tim (buy) ...................bought................the green T-shirt last Monday.
• We (bring) ...............brought....................the shelf to her house 2 months ago.
• She (seldom/fix) ...............seldom fixes....................things around the house.
• Susan (go) ................went...................to England by plane last week.
• I (can/write) ...............could write....................a novel on my own when I
(be) ................was...................18 years ago.
• I (study) .....................studied..............French last Monday morning.
• Yesterday, I (play) ..........played........... tennis but I (not/win) ...........wasn't win..........
• John (not/write/often) .......................often not writes.................. letters, he
(prefer) ............prefers......... phoning.
• She (not/go) ...........didn't go.......... to work yesterday morning because she
(not/feel) ......didn't feel...............well.
• My mother (phone) .................phoned........................my aunt last week.
• How (you/go) ..................... .....do you go................to school? - I
(always/go) ...............always go..................... by bike. When my grandfather was
young, he (not/go) ..............didn't go...................... to school by bike, he
(go) .......went.............. on foot.
• They (write) ...........wrote..........me a letter in June last year.
• (you/know) ...............do you know..................where your brother is? – Oh, I
(meet) ............met.........him here an hour ago.
• What (Dorothy/do) ..............did Dorothy...................last night? – She
(study) ..........studied...........French and (talk) ................talked.....to her friends on
the phone.
• John (usually/do) ..................usually does.................. garden work although he
(hate) .......hated...........it when he (be) .....was..............young.
• - Last year, we (spend) ..............spent.......our vacation in Greece.
- Really? How (you/travel) ...............do you travel.........................?
- We (fly) .................flew....
 - (you/visit) ................do you visit............... all the important historic places?
- In fact, we (not/see) .........................didn't see........Athens by night.
• I work in a big office with twenty other people. We (spend) ...........spend......... all the
day together. I (like) like.................. most of them except for Neil. Every day he
(spend) ........spends............. one hour talking about his holidays. Last year, he
(go) .........went............to Germany. He (spend) ..........spends...........a month there,
and he (visit) .....visits................many places. He (rent) .....rents................a car and
he (drive) ...........drives..........across the country. Now he
(want) ...........wants..........to go to some other country. At 12.30 I usually
(go) ........go.............out for lunch with Helen, the secretary. She
(work) ................works.....from 8am to 8pm. Last week, she
(stay) ...stayed..................until 9pm to finish her work. Today, she
(have) .........has............a lot of things to do at home but she
(want) ............wants.........to stay late again.
VI. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
• Forms
S + was/were + Ving S + was/were + not + Ving Was/Were + S +
Ving?
• Uses
• A progressive action at a specific time in the past
E.g. I was listening to music at 9 o’clock yesterday morning.
• The progress emphasis
E.g. I was writing the letter all day yesterday.
- Two parallel actions (happened at the same time) in the past
E.g. While I was reading a book last night, my brother was playing chess.
• An interruption of actions (one action was in progress in the past when the
other occurred)
E.g When they were having dinner last Sunday, someone knocked at the
door.
• Common adverbs0

- at ..... - while - as -
when

WHEN + HT, TL: When I meet my idol, I will ask him for his signature

WHEN + QK
 • When I was young, I (often/cry) often cried When + QK, QK (happened
and ended)

• When I came to his house, he was playing chess with his father When +
QK, QKTD (A was happening and B interrupted A)

• When I came to his house, he had already left the house for Nha Trang
When + QK, QKHT (A happened and ended before B happened)
EXERCISE 13: Simple past or past continuous tense

• Yesterday morning, she (talk)............talked.................................on the phone hours

and hours.

• When I phoned my friends, they (play) .................were

playing...........................football.

• We (have) ...........................had.................dinner at 6 o’clock yesterday evening.

• While Peter (read) ...........was reading.............................., Mary

(watch) ..............was watching...........................a documentary clip on TV.

• They (not/cycle) ...................didn''t cycle.........................all Sunday afternoon.

• Last Friday, I (listen) ........listened...........................to the radio while my younger

sister (watch) ............was watching.................cartoon.

• At 6 pm yesterday, John and Kevin’s aunt (clean) ..............are

cleaning..............................the floor.

• While the baby (sleep) ........was sleeping..................................., my brother and I

(work) .............are working............................

• What (you/do) ......................did you do.............................when I

(phone) .......phoned...............................you yesterday?

• (he/stay) ......................did he stay......................that night?

• The mother (be) ....................was........................shocked when she

(hear) ...........................was hearing.................the bad news of his son’s accident.

• The kids (play) ...........................were playing.........in the garden when it

 (suddenly/begin) ................suddenly........began............ to rain.

• When my father (come) .................came................home yesterday, I

(practice) ........................was practice...........the guitar.

• While Aaron (work) ................was working.........................in his room, his friends

(swim) .................were swimming........................... in the pool.

• I tried to tell them the truth but they (not/listen) ................didn't................

• As he (arrive) ................was arriving........................., they

(play) ........................were playing....................cards.

• We (sit) ......................were sitting...............at the breakfast table when the doorbell

(ring) ...............rang.............

• He (meet) .............was meeting.........................a lot of friendly people while he

(work) .............was working............................ in California.

• When she (leave) ......................left......................the museum, the sun

(shine) .........................shined...................

• He (hear) ..........was hearing..................................a loud bang while he

(talk) ...............was talking............................. to his girlfriend on the phone.

• I (find) .............found...............................a wallet full of money on the street this

morning. I (go/immediately) ..................went immediately..................................to
the police station and (turn) ........................turned......................it in.

• Sebastian (arrive) ....................arrived............................at Susan’s house a little

before 9.00 pm, but she (be/not) ............wasn't........................................there. She
(study/at the libray) ..................was studying at the library.......................for her final
examination in French.

• The Titanic (cross) ..........was crossing..........................the Atlantic when it

(strike) .....................struck...........an iceberg.

• When I (do) ........was doing........................the washing-up last night, I

(break) .................broken................a plate.

• Last Saturday evening, while Tom (play) ....................was

 playing...........................the piano, his mother
(prepare) ..........................prepared............... for dinner.

• While my father (work) .............................was working......in the garden, an old

friend (pass) ...................passed................ by to see him.

• Marvin (come) ............came.............................home yesterday,

(switch) ............switched.....................on the computer and
(check) ......checked.....................his emails.

• Nobody (pay) ........paid............................attention while the teacher

(explain) ...............was explaining........................ the tenses.

• While he (do) ................was doing.........................a sight –seeing tour, our friends

(lie) ...................were lying.................... on the beach.

• I (be) ....................was...................very tired because I

(work) ..................worked.......................all day yesterday.

VII. PAST PERFECT TENSE

• Forms
S + had + V3/ed S + had + not + V3/ed Had + S +
V3/ed?
• Uses
• An action finished before anther action in the past
E.g. My parents had already eaten by the time I got home.
• After If/Wish clauses
E.g. If I had gone to university, I would have studied medicine.
She wishes she had come to the party last Friday.
• Common adverbs
- by the time - after - before
- already

• . did/visited d. are/ visiting

This light doesn’t work. The bulb is probably burned out. WhereEXERCISE 14: Choose
the best answer
1. (be) …….......on holiday in Hue City one year ago.?
a. Is he b. Was he c. Has he been d. Will he
be
2. Yesterday morning, he was practicing the piano while his sister (learn) …….......Maths.
a. is learning b. was learning c. will be learning d. has
learnt
3. What you (do) …….......when I came to see you?
a. did you do b. will you do c. have you done d. were you
doing
4. Who (teach) …….......you biology last year?
a. taught b. teaches c. has taught d. was
teaching
5. I did not attend the wedding party last night. I wish I (enjoy) …….......it.
a. enjoyed b. have enjoyed c. had enjoyed d. would
enjoy
6.Many people highly appreciated her talent, so she (offer) …….......a prize last month.
a. offered b. was being offered c. was offered d. had
offered
7. When she (bear) …….......? She was born in 1985.
a. she bears b. does she bear c. was she born d. has she
born
8. My uncle (fall) …….......off the ladder while he was painting the ceiling.
a. fell b. was falling c. has fallen d. had
fallen
9. It (rain) …….......all day yesterday.
a. rained b. was raining c. had rained d. had been
raining
10. When I met them in the street, they (go) …….......to the pictures.
a. went b. were going c. had gone d. would
know
11. You (know) …….......any Japanese when you first (arrive) …….......here?
a.Did you know-arrived b. Did you know-arrive
c. Have you known-arrived d. Did you know-have known
12. He (buy) ……........a new villa by the river last year, but he (not sell) …….......his old
villa yet, so at present he has 2 villas.
a. bought- did not sell b. had bought- did not sell
c. had bought- has not sold d. bought- has not sold

VIII. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

• Forms
• Tobe: S + will + be ... S + will + not + be ... Will + S + be ...?
• Verb: S + will + V S + will not + V Will + S + V?
• Uses
• A prediction of future events I think there will be lots of people
at the party.
• Immediate decisions The doorbell is ringing. I’ll
 answer the door.
• Expectations (with expect, hope, suppose....) She hopes they will have
great time in California.
• Offers/requests/promises That bag looks heavy. I’ll help
you carry it.
Will you give me a hand, please?
Thank you for lending me the
money. I’ll pay you
back on Friday.
• Common adverbs
- tomorrow - next - in - probably - possibly
• Notes

BE GOING TO + V
• A prediction with evidence Alice’s pregnant now. She is
going to have a baby.

• A personal plan I am going to paint my room

tomorrow.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

• Fixed arrangements They have done all preparations.

They are getting
married at the church on
Saturday morning.
• With verbs of movement (come, go, arrive, leave, start, fly...)
Future events
Simple present: 100% a fixed schedule (Events/transportations) not human
Simple future: 50% - 50% uncertainty + instant decision
Think, guess, swear, promise, perhaps, probably,
Be going to: 60% – 80% personal plan (1-2 people) + guess with evidence
Be + Ving: >90% fixed arrangement (>3 people)
1. I think he (be) famous soon
will be
2. The C1 examination (take) place on Sep 25th
takes
3. We (have) a conference in Nha Trang next month.
Are going to have
4. They (get) married at the church next Sunday
Are getting
5. I heard that Jenny got an accident. _ Really? I (visit) her will visit
* go/leave/come/fly I am going to HCM city next month.

EXERCISE 15: Choose the best answer

1. Thu Thuy (be) ……........twenty –three years old next December.
a. is b. was c. has been d. will be
2. He (go) ……........to Nha Trang in the next three months?
a. Did he go b. Does he go c. Will he go d. Is he
going
3. She (see) ……........a movie at the cinema tonight?
a. Is she going to see b. Was she seeing c. Will she see d. Has she
seen
4. _Excuse me, waiter! This isn’t what I ordered. I ordered a chicken sandwich.
_Sorry, sir. I (take) ……........ this back and get your sandwich.
a. will take b. am going to take c. am taking d. take
5. Why is John holding a piece of paper? _ He (write) …….........a letter to his friend in
Texas.
a. will write b. is going to write c. is writing d. has
writen
6. Would you like to join Linda and me tomorrow? We (visit) ……........ the natural
history museum.
a. will visit b. are going to visit c. are visiting d. were visit
• She is looking for an eraser. She (erase) ……........the board.
a. will erase b. is going to erase c. is erasing d. erases
• This light doesn’t work. The bulb is probably burned out. Where are the new light
bulbs? _ I (get) ……........ one for you.
a. will get b. am going to get c. am getting d. got
• Look at the grey clouds! It (rain) ……........
a. is raining b. will rain c. will be raining d. is going
to rain
IX. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
• Forms
 S + will + be + Ving S + will + not + be + Ving Will + S + be + Ving?

• Use

Actions that will be in progress at a time in the future This week next week, I’ll be lying
in the sun.
X. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
• Forms

S + will + have + Vp.p S + will + not + have + Vp.p Will + S +

have + Vp.p?

• Use

Actions that will be completed before a time or event in the future (with by....)
E.g. By the next time I see you, I’ll have graduated.
By next Christmas, we’ll have been here for eight years.
By the time I am 25, I will have bought a new phone.
EXERCISE 16 : Use SIMPLE PRSENT, PRESENT CONTINUOUS, WILL, BE
GOING TO, FUTURE CONTINUOUS or FUTURE PERFECT tense
• The football match (start) ………………………at 8 o’clock this Sunday.
• We (have) ………………………a party next Saturday. Would you like to come?
• I’ve decided to have a party? – Really? Who (you/invite)
………………………………………………?
• I promise I (phone) ………………………you as soon as I finish my work.
• This traffic is terrible. We (be) ………………………late. By the time we (get)
………………………to the airport, Bob’s plane (already/land)
………………………………and he (wonder) …………………… where we are.
• Have you met Tom yet? He’s just come back yesterday. – That sounds great. I
(phone) …………………… him after lunch.
• Ann is driving on a lonely country road. There is very little petrol left in the tank. She
(run) ………………………out of petrol.
• Are you smoking another cigarette? At this rate, you (smoke) ……….......…………a
whole pack before lunchtime. Don’t you think you should cut down a little?
EXERCISE 17: CIRCLE THE BEST ANSWER FOR EACH SENTENCE
• The room is empty. Everybody ……………… home.
a. have been b. have gone c. has been d. has gone
• When he …………….. back, I will tell him the truth.
a. is coming b. will come c. came d. comes
• He …………….. a cup of coffee when the phone rang.
 a. was drinking b. were drinking c. is drinking d. drank
• …………….. me carry this suitcase?
a. Do you help b. Are you helping c. Will you help d. Did you help
• Do you mind if I turn the TV off? I ……………… a long distance call, and it’s hard to
hear if the TV is on.
a. will receive b. am going to receive c. am receiving d. receive
• I lost my glasses. …………….. them anywhere?
a. Did you see b. Have you seen c. Are you seeing d. Would you
see
• They …………….. two million cars so far this year.
a. produced b. have been produced c. had been producing d. have
produced
• My father promises that he …………….. my car.
a. fixes b. fixed c. will fix d. has fixed
• During the trip to Japan, we …………….. a lot of pictures.
a. took b. did c. make d. get
• While he was running downstairs, he …………….. and …………….. his leg.
a. fell/broke b. falls/breaks c. felt/broke d. was
falling/was breaking
• How long …………….. she had those glasses?
a. does b. did c. has d. must
• “Why have you got so much food?” _ “Because I ………… a meal for ten people.”
a. will cook b. am going to cook c. am cook d. cook
• “Mom, I …………….. my homework as soon as this program ……………..”
a. did/finished b. do/finish c. will do/finish d. will
do/finishes
• My relatives …………….. in Ho Chi Minh city since 1975.
a. are living b. will live c. had lived d. have lived
• She …………….. a lot of books. She …………….. her first book in 1980.
a. writes/wrote b. has written/wrote c. wrote/has written d.
wrote/wrote
• What would you like to drink? Tea or coffee? _ I ……………… a cup of tea.
a. will have b. am going to have c. am having d. had
• I …………….. a meeting from 9.00 to 10.30 tomorrow morning.
a. attend b. am going to attend c. will be attending d. will attend
• It’s hot. …………….. I open the air-conditioner?
a. Do b. Am c. Have d. Shall
• “My car isn’t working.” _ “Ask Joe to look at it. I think he …………….. you.”
a. is going to help b. is helping c. will help d. helps
• Peter and Tom …………….. tennis with Mary every afternoon.
a. plays b. are playing c. play d. played
• Have you repaired my bicycle, Jim? Oh, I forgot. I………… it in the afternoon.
a. repair b. am going to repair c. am repairing d. will repair
• Ian usually …………….. medicine at about 4 o’clock in the afternoon.
a. take b. takes c. is taking d. have taken
• There are a lot of dark clouds! It ……………… soon.
 a. rains b. will rain c. is going to rain d. is raining
• Hurry up! The bus ……………... I …………….. to miss it.
a. will come/don’t want b. is coming/don’t want
c. comed/didn’t want d. is going to come/am not wanting
• Jane wants to get married, but she ……………… the right person yet.
a. doesn’t meet b. isn’t meeting c. didn’t meet d. hasn’t met
• Joe …………….. eat meat. She’s a vegetarian.
a. isn’t b. doesn’t c. don’t d. is
• You can borrow my umbrella. I …………….. it at the moment.
a. didn’t need b. am not need c. am not needing d. don’t need
• Look! The red car …………….. too fast. It …………….. something.
a. runs/hits b. is running/is hitting c. runs/will hit d. is
running/is going to hit
• Two and two …………….. four.
a. makes b. made c. make d. is making
• We …………….. something strange when we …………….. home this morning
a. see/are walking b. saw/was walking c. see/were walking d. saw/ were
walking
• They …………….. go to the party last night.
a. weren’t going b. haven’t go c. didn’t go d. don’t go
• ……………..you ever …………….. to Italy?
a. Do/go b. Did/go c. Have/been d. Have/gone
• I …………………. a friend while I ……………. the shopping.
a. meet/do b. met/did c. met/was doing c. was
meeting/do
• I’m about to fall asleep, but I need to wake up. _ I …………. you a cup of coffee.
That will wake you up.
a. have brought b. am going to bring c. will bring c. am
bringing
• Julie and Catherine …………….. in the library right now.
a. have read b. are reading c. playing d. study
• My mother and I …………….. television at 8 o’clock last night.
a. is watching b. are watching c. was watching d. were
watching
• We all …………………a terrible shock yesterday.
a. gotten b. got c. getted d. get
• Nam …………….. soccer when it’s rainy.
a. doesn’t play b. don’t play c. never play d. doesn’t
likes
• I …………….. busy last night, so I …………….. a good film on TV.
a. am/miss b. was/was missed c. am/am missing d. was/
missed
• What ……………… when Laura ……………… last night?
a. are you doing/come b. were you doing/came c. do you do/comes d. did you
do/came
• The waiter who just quit his job often……………… his finger when he
 ……………… up broken plates.
a. cuts/picks b. was cutting/picked c. cut/was picking d. cut/picked
• When I got to the station, I ……………… John.
a. meet b. met c. was meeting d. meted
• Look! A little boy ……………… after a big dog.
a. is runing b. runs c. is running d. run
• I ……………… John 2 days ago. He …………… me about his trip to Singapore.
a. meet/tells b. met/told c. meet/is telling d. met/was
telling
• Cambodia ……………… to the West of Vietnam.
a. lie b. is lying c. lies d. lied
• It rained heavily during October, so Michael rarely ……………… out.
a. went b. goes c. has gone d. go
• I’m really mad at Tom because he ……………… whatever I do.
a. always criticizes b. is always criticizing c. always criticized d. has always
criticized
• It’s cold in here _ I agree, I ……………… the heater on.
a. will turn b. am going to turn c. am turning d. turns
• When ………………you first ………………Nha Trang?
a. do/visit b. did /visit c are the new light bulbs? _ I
……………… one for you.
a. will get b. am going to get c. am getting d. get
EXERCISE 18: Supply the correct form of the verbs in the bracket
• Because the hall (store) …………………………………about 500 people, you can
hold your wedding party in it. There must be enough seats for everyone.
• So far this month, I (receive) …………………………………three letters from him.
• I can’t stand Susan anymore. She (complain) …………………………………about
trifles all the time.
• His hair is till wet. He (probably/have) …………………………………a shower.
• I (cross) …………………………………the street when a car (dart)
…………………………………by and almost (hit) …………………………………
me.
• Look! The driver (lose) …………………………………control of his steering. He
(run) …………………………………down to the lake.
• My brother is now in the USA, studying in a special program for chemical
engineering. By the time he (finish) …………………………………his study, he (be)
…………………………………there for over 5 months.
• They (debate) …………………………………the issue all the morning before they
reached a decision.
• I’m very tired of my job. Everything is the same. Right now I (type)
………………………………… some letters for my boss. At this time tomorrow, I
(type) …………………………………letters. Oh I have had enough of it!
• Until yesterday, we (hear/never) …………………………………anything about his
resignation. We (be) …………………………………very surprised.
• She was very tired. She (work) …………………………………all day.
• They (complete) …………………………………the new bridge by the end of this
year.
• Up to now, Tom (visit) …………………………………20 countries.
• Where’s Mary? – She (cook) …………………………………in the kitchen.
• This time next week, we (drive) …………………………………through France.
• My eyes ached because I (read) …………………………………for three hours last
night.
• How about some more pie? – No, thanks. I can’t swallow another bite. I (eat)
…………………………… too much.
• The children are at the park. They (play) …………………………………football for
the last two hours, but they don’t seem to be tired.
• Yesterday, at restaurant, I (see) …………………………………Pam Donnelly, an old
friend of mine. I (not/see) ……………………………her in years. At first, I
(not/recognize) ……………………………… her because she (lose)
…………………………………at least 10 kilos.
• I asked him what he (think) …………………………………about but he didn’t
answer.
• I have nothing to wear for this party. All I (get) …………………………………is
this old black dress, and Susan (wear) …………………………………something
spectacular as usual.
• Look! It (snow) ………………………………… It (be) ……………………………
so beautiful. This is the first time I (see/ever) …………………………………snow.
It (not/snow) ………………………………in my country.
• He refused to admit that he (steal) …………………………………the bicycle.
• When he (got) ……………………………to the theater, the play (begin)
………………………………… They (be) …………………………………twenty
minutes late.
• I (ring) ………………………………the bell three times before he (answer)
……………………………… the door.
• In a few minutes’ time, when the clock (strike) …………………………………six, I
(wait) …………………………………her for three hours.
• I hope it (not/rain) …………………………………when the bride (leave)
………………………………… the church tomorrow afternoon.
• He (visit) …………………………………his friends yesterday and (find)
………………………………… that they (be) …………………………………out.
• We are late. I expect the film (not/start) …………………………………before we
get to the cinema.
• Look at those black clouds. It (rain) …………………………………heavily.
• When we (come) …………………………………to see them last night, they (play)
…………………………………cards. They (say) that they (play)
 …………………………………since six o’clock.
• I (not/see) …………………………him since last Monday, but I believe he (write)
……………………… an essay on Hamlet at present. By the end of last year, he
(read) ……………………………four Shakespeare plays, and by next year, he (read)
……………………………two more.
• This is the second time you (break) ………………………………cups. You (break)
……………………… three ones yesterday. My last servant (never/break)
…………………………………anything, and you (break)
…………………………………nearly half the things in this house.
• Why are you filling that bucket with water? – I (wash)
…………………………………the car.
• Some animals (not eat) …………………………………during the winter and only
(come) …………………………………out in spring. We (call)
…………………………them hibernating animals.
• The telephone (ring) …………………………………for almost a minute. Why
doesn’t anyone answer it?
• I (try) …………………………………to contact John all this morning, but I
couldn’t talk to him for once.
• What is all this paint for? (you/paint) …………………………………your house? –
No, we (paint) …………………………………my mother’s house.