Table of Contents Abbreviations Part One ~Tariff Policy ‘The Customs Modernization and Tariff Act... ‘The Tariff Reform Program / Comprehensive Review of the MEN Tariff Structure Annex A~ Effective Protection Rate (Fitmn-Level) 1. The Rice Tariffication Law Jewelry Industry Development Act of 1998 .. Philippine Tariff Finder. Part Two ~ Tariff Nomenclature.. ‘The World Customs Organization ‘The Harmonized System... ‘The ASEAN Harmonized Tariff Nomenclature... Advance Rulings on Tariff Classification. Annex 8 Tariff Commission Order 2017-01. Part Three ~ Trade Remedy Measures .. Anti-Dumping Measures .. Subsidies and Countervailing Measures. Safeguard Measures. 100 Safeguard Measures Vis-2-Vis Anti-Oumping and Countervailing Measures 103 Part Four ~ Non-Tariff Measure: 104 ‘Overview of Non-Tariff Measures. ‘The Philippines! NTMs landscape... 110 Part Five ~ Trading Arrangements: Multilateral, a9 120 The World Trade Organization... Tariff Bindings on Industrial Products... 126 ‘The Agreement on Agricultur 127 ‘The Information Technology Agreement... 130 ‘The Doha Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations 136 141 ‘The Trade Facilitation Agreement. Tariff Commission | Page iiiPart Six — Trading Arrangements: Regional 143. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. ld Association of Southeast Asian Nations. 156 The ASEAN Free Trade Area 165 ASEAN and Its Free Trade Area Partners. oe 477 Part Seven Trading Arrangements: Bilateral Philippines ~ Japan Economic Partnership Agreement Philippines ~ European Free Trade Association Free Trade Agreement... Part Eight — Rules of Origin 27 Rules of Origin . 218 Harmonization of Rules of Origi Part Nine ~ Competition Policy and Law .. Overview of Competition Policy and Law. mmo Competition Policy and Law in ASEAN... 232 Competition Policy and Law in the Philippines 235 Part Ten ~ Trade Policy Briefers a 239 E-Commerce and Digital Trade... 240 Annex C —£-Commerce-Related Laws and Policies in the Philippines.. 254 Growing Global Protectionism 256 The United States and China Trade War 263 Trade Steps of Major Trading Partners... 273 Annex D ~ Measures implemented by Philippine Major Trading Partners For the COVID-19 Situation ....282 Trade with a Post-Brexit United Kingdom 295 Part Eleven - The Supplementary Explanatory Notes on the Interpretation of the ASEAN Harmonized Tariff Nomenclature (AHTN) 2017. 305 ASEAN Harmonized Toriff Nomenclature Supplementary Explanatory Notes .. 307 Chapters 1-24 see 311 363 Chapters 25-40 363 ~ 408 Chapters 41-64 oA 08 = 436 Chopters 65 — 83 ccrinnnnnnnnisnsinnnnnninnnsn cm . 436-458 Chapters 84-97 459 —485 Tariff Commission | Page ivList of Tables Table 1.1 Average Nominal MEN Tariffs: 2005-2020. shame “ Table 1.2 Frequency Distribution of Tariff Rates. ainaninnnsrnn a 16 Table 1.3 Executive Orders Issued Concerning MEN Tariff Modification, v7 Table 2.1 Sample Subdivision of HS Code. els 43 Table 2.2 HS Amendments Approved by the NEDA Board: 1992-2017 .newmemninenennsininsrsininnnns 4 Table 2.3 Sample Philippine Tariff Lines with Alpha-Numeric Codes... sf a7 Table 3.1 Formal Investigation for Anti-Dumping Measure: Checklist of Requirements .. ies . 67 Table 3.2 Summary of Formal Investigations Under RA No. 8752. i B ‘Table 3.3 Formal Investigation for Subsidies and Countervailing Measure: Checklist of Requirements... Table 3.4 Formal investigation for General Safeguard Measure: Checklist of Requirements. Table 3.5 Summary of Formal Investigations Under RA No. 8800... 8 Table 3.6 Safeguard Measures Vis-a-Vis Anti-Dumping and Countervailing Measures. 100 Table 4.1 Top 10 NTMSs Issuing Agencies (2018) a0 Table 4.2 NTMss in force, by Chapter (2018). a 110 Table 4.3 NTMSs in force in ASEAN, by Chapter (2018)... scsi A mu Table 4.4 NTMs on Pharmaceutical Products (2020}.. 114 Table 4.5 NTMs on Medical Supplies (2020)... 114 Table 4.6 NTMs on Medical Equipment and Technology (2020)... 115 ‘Table 4.7 NTMs on Personal Protective Products (2020) . 116 ‘Table 4.8 NTMs on Meat and Processed Food Products in Response to COVID-19 (2020). 116 Table 5.1 Laws Issued to Implement Philippine Commitments Under the WTO. 125 ‘Table 5.2 Timeframes for the Staging of Concessions in the ITA and ITA Expansion. 131 ‘Table 5.3 Proposed Tariff Reduction Approaches in the NAMA Negotiations... 1338 Table 6.1 Major Results of the Annual APEC Economic Leaders’ Meetings (AELM), . 145 Table 6.2 EOs Issued to Implement Liberalization Measures Adopted by the Philippines under APEC... ast Table 6.3 EOs Issued to Implement the Philippine CEPT Scheme. nearer ies 88 Table 6.4 Frequency Distribution of Philippine Tariffs under ATIGA: 2017-2022.. 174 Table 6.5 EOs Issued to Implement the Philippines’ Commitments on Rice and Sugar. 176 Table 6.6 Rules of Origin (ROO) under AANZFTA. feskt 78. Table 6.7 Frequency Distribution of Philippine Tariffs under AANZFTA: 2017-2022... cast 0 ier 7B Table 6.8 Modality for Tariff Reduction and Elimination under the EHP. 180 Table 6.9 ASEAN-6 and China Tariff Reduction Modality for Products under NT under ACFTA. et 180 ‘Table 6.10 Modality Showing the Application of the Reciprocal Tariff Treatment under the ACFTA......uisun 181 Table 6.11 Sample Reciprocal Tariff Treatment of Selected Goods under the ACFTA...cuususisinnnnsns 182 Tariff Commission | Page vTable 6.12 ROO under ACTA, Table 6.13 Executive Orders Issued to Implement Philippine Commitments under ACFTA.. Bg Table 6.14 Frequency Distribution of Philippine Tariffs under ACFTA: 2017-2022. Table 6.15 Modality for Tariff Reduction and Elimination under the AHKFTA... 185. Table 6.16 ROO under AHKFTA, 186. Table 6.17A Frequency Distribution of P pine Tariffs Under AHKFTA, Number of Tariff Lines: 2017-2022, ‘Table 6.178 Frequency Distribution of Philippine Tariffs Under AHKFTA, Percentage Shares: 2017-202: 187 Table 6.18 ROO under AIFTA. 189 Table 6.19 Frequency Distribution of Philippine Tariffs under AIFTA: 2017-2022... : - 190 Table 6.20 Tariff Reduction Schedule of Products under the Trade in Goads Chapter of AJCEPA... . 193 Table 6.21 ROO under AICEP: es . 193 Table 6.22 Frequency Distribution of Philippine Tariffs under AJCEPA 2017-2022, Table 6.23 Tariff Modality for Korea and ASEAN-6 under AKFTA.... ‘Table 6.24 Tariff Modality for Viet Nam under AKFTA, Table 6.25 Tariff Modality for Cambodia, Lao PDR and Myanmar undet AKFTA ws... Table 6.26 Tariff Modality of Products in the Sensitive Track Under the AKFTA.. 197 Table 6.27 Tariff Modality for the Application of the Reciprocal Tariff Treatment under AKFTA. se Table 6.28 ROO under AKFTA, 199 Table 6.29 EOs Issued to Implement the Philippines’ Commitments under AKFTA, 199 Table 6.30 Frequency Distribution of Philippine Tariff Rates under AKFTA: 2017-2022... 200 Table 6.31 Highlights of Trade in Goods Negotiations in RCEP... Table 7.1 Philippine Offer List under PIEPA... 2 Table 7.2 ROO under PIEPA, : 2a Table 7.3 Frequency Distribution of Philippine Tariffs under PJEPA: 2017-2022. 212 Table 7.4 Philippine Schedule of Tariff Commitments on Products Originating from Switzerland/Liechtenstein under the PH-EFTA FTA: 2018-2027. one 215 Table 7.5 Philippine Schedule of Tariff Commitments on Products PH-EFTA FTA: 2018-2027 on 216 Table 7.6 Philippine Schedule of Tarif Commitments on Products Originating from Iceland under the PH-EFTA FTA: 2018-2027, Table 8.1 Kinds of Certificate of Origin... Table 9.1 Competition Bodies/Authorities in ASEAN. Table 10.1 Facilitators of and Barriers to E-commerce: Operationalizing Them Table 10.2 Economic Benefits and Costs of Using E-commerce Table 10.3 Top 10 economies in the UNCTAD B2C E-commerce Index 2019... Table 10.4 Ways to Enrich E-marketplace ss. Table 10.5 Number of Trade Remedy Measures in Force in ASEAN, Tariff Commission | Page viTable 10.6 Number of Trade Remedy Measures in Force in PH's Trade Partners with EU and US.. 261 Table 10.7 Philippine Top Imports from China, By Chapter (in million USD). 268 Table 10.8 Philippine Top Exports to China, By Chapter (in million USD)... 269 Table 10.9 Philippine Top Imports from US, By Chapter {in million USD). . 270 Table 10.10 Philippine Top Exports to US, By Chapter (in million USD), am Table 10.11 Philippine Trade Agreements and Tariff Commitments ..ecnnornnren 273 Table 10.12 Trade Measures Adopted by Countries Amidst COVID-19. 276 Table 10.13 WTO Member Proposals on COVID=19 wm “ 273 Table 10.14 Timeline of Key Events Relating to Brexi.. ~ 295 Table 10.15 PH Trade with UK 2016-2018 (in USD} 296 ‘Table 10.16 Top PH Exports to the UK 2018 (in USD). ete ‘Table 10.17 Top PH Exports to the UK, Top UK Imports from World, and top PH GSP Exports to the EU... 299 ‘Table 10.18 Comparison of UK MFN Tariff Levels under EU CET and UKGT.. vs 301 Tariff Commission | Page vii