Current Affairs Compendium - April 2022

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Table of Contents
National Relevance 1
International Relevance 3
Science and Technology 4
Dates and Personalities 4
Geography and Environment 5

National Relevance
1. The government of Delhi has decided to incentivize e-cycles under the Electric
Vehicle (EV) policy. This will include cargo and passenger e-cycles having speeds
less than 25 km/hour. The government of Delhi through all these incentives is planning
to make Delhi the ‘EV Capital of India’. Under the EV policy, in Delhi, to date around
46,000 EVs have been sold. Also, in March 2022, 12.6 percent of all electric vehicle
sales were contributed by Delhi thus having the highest contribution in sales of electric
vehicles.
2. The Lok Sabha has passed the Weapons of Mass Destruction and their Delivery
Systems (Prohibition of Unlawful Activities) Amendment Bill, 2022. The Bill has
been passed to amend the Weapons of Mass Destruction and their Delivery Systems
(Prohibition of Unlawful Activities) Act, 2005. In accordance with India’s international
commitments, the amendment bill was passed to prohibit the financing of the spread of
weapons of mass destruction and their delivery systems. The 2005 Act prohibited the
transport, manufacturing, and transfer of weapons of mass destruction and their delivery
systems.
3. HDFC’s board of directors has approved the merger of HDFC Bank, India’s largest
private sector bank with HDFC (Housing Development Finance Corporation),
India’s largest housing finance firm. Under the agreement that has been proposed,
public shareholders will be 100 percent owning HDFC Bank, and HDFC Limited’s
existing shareholders will own 41 percent stake in HDFC Bank. As per the share
exchange ratio, for every 25 equity shares that are held by the shareholders of HDFC,
they will be receiving 42 equity shares of the combined company.
4. Surat, Gujarat is the first Indian city to get a road built from processed steel slag
(industrial waste). This road has been developed as a joint-venture project by the
Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
(CSIR), NITI Aayog, Union Steel Ministry, and ArcelorMittal-Nippon Steel (AM/NS),
at Hazira, a suburb of Surat. The slag that was used to build this road was generated
from a steel furnace that was burning at 1500 to 1600 degrees centigrade in the
form of molten flux material. This project has been implemented under the Waste
to Wealth and Clean India Campaign initiative.

5. The government of Maharashtra has developed a website-based migration tracking

system (MTS) to track the movement of the vulnerable seasonal migrant workers
through individual unique identification numbers that will be assigned to them.
This has been launched in six districts having high tribal populations including
Chandrapur, Gadchiroli, Jalna, Amravati, Nandurbar, and Palghar. The MTS
project has been envisaged to maintain the Integrated Child Development Services
(ICDS) continuity like immunization, nutrition supply, health check-up, etc. to the
migrant beneficiaries that include lactating mothers, children aged up to 18 years, and
pregnant women registered with Anganwadi centres.
6. The Waterways Conclave 2022 was organized by the Inland Waterways Authority
of India (IWAI) on 11th and 12th April 2022 in Dibrugarh, Assam. The conclave was
launched by Sarbananda Sonowal, Minister of Ports, Shipping and Waterways and
AYUSH. The aim of this conclave was to focus on harnessing the potential of the
international and domestic waterway ecosystem in the country’s North-eastern
region. The industry partner of this conclave was the Federation of Indian Chambers of
Commerce & Industry (FICCI).
7. University Grants Commission has allowed the students of the country to pursue
two degrees simultaneously. From the academic session of 2022-23, the students can
start applying for these dual degree programmes. Both the degrees can be pursued either
from different universities or from the same university. Students of the country will be
allowed to choose two master’s programmes, a diploma and a UG programme, or two
bachelor’s programmes. The programmes must be pursued in only those institutes
that are recognised by the Statutory Council or UGC or Govt. of India. The
guidelines have been made applicable to all academic programs except PhD.
8. African Swine Fever (ASF) cases have been detected in a government breeding
farm in Tripura. The farm is located in Devipur, Sepahijala district and is run by the
state's Animal Resources Development Department (ARDD). A total of 63 mature pigs
had died on the farm due to unknown reasons which raised an alarm. The state
government has ordered the mass execution of pigs to curb the spread of the viral fever.
Mizoram has already banned the import of pigs and pork products from other
states after the outbreak of African Swine Fever in the state this year.
9. The first state in the country to get the L-root server is Rajasthan. With seamless
internet connectivity, this server will assist the State government in providing its

flagship digital services and enforcing e-governance. This new facility will strengthen
the internet infrastructure of the state and will also help in improving the resilience and
security of all internet-based operations. This new server has been installed at
Rajasthan’s Bhamashah State Data Centre, Jaipur in collaboration with the Internet
Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). Currently, there are three
J-root servers deployed in Mumbai, New Delhi, and Gorakhpur and two L-root
servers deployed in Kolkata and Mumbai. The L-root server installed in Rajasthan
is the first one that has been deployed at the State level. L-root and J-root are two
of the 13 Domain Name System root servers which together make up the
infrastructure known as the Root Server System.
10. Aaditya Thackeray, the state environment minister of Maharashtra has inaugurated
Mumbai’s first completely digital bus on the route of Gateway of India to
Churchgate having a unique ‘Tap-in Tap-out’ feature. This is the country’s
first-ever 100 percent digital bus service and it has the aim of increasing the bus
ticket system’s digitization. The first bus service in India that went completely digital is
the Brihanmumbai Electricity Supply and Transport (BEST). This system will provide
convenience and ease to the travellers as they will be able to tap in by using their smart
card or through the ‘Chalo’ app that can be installed on their smartphones.
11. Delhi has made the booster or the precautionary dose of COVID-19 free to all
eligible beneficiaries between the age of 18 and 59 years in all the government
vaccination centers. The precautionary dose was available free of cost only to those
above the age of 60 years, frontline workers, and health workers earlier. The
Government of Delhi, in view of the rising COVID cases over the past few days, made
the wearing of masks mandatory in public places. Reportedly, the government has also
imposed Rs. 500 penalty for defying the norm.
12. The Maharashtra Cabinet has approved the establishment of the 'Maharashtra
Gene Bank,' a first-of-its-kind project in India. The objective is to protect
Maharashtra's genetic resources, including marine diversity, native agriculture seeds, and
animal variety. The project will be implemented by the Maharashtra State Biodiversity
Board (MSBB) and will be overseen by committees under the chief secretary and the
principal secretary (forests). On similar lines, The National Bureau of Plant Genetic
Resources (NBPGR) developed the Indian National Gene Bank to preserve the

nation's germplasm collections in the form of seeds, vegetative propagules, tissue/cell

cultures, embryos, gametes, and other forms.
13. CERT-In has issued new guidelines, for mandatory reporting of cyber incidents for
all the companies that are operating in India like intermediaries, service providers,
companies, data centres, and government organizations. All cybersecurity incidents
in the country must be informed to the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team
(CERT-In) by the respective companies within a six hours time frame of either
becoming aware of the incident by itself or through others. Virtual asset exchange
providers, virtual asset service providers, and custodial wallet service providers
must also save any information acquired as part of financial transaction records
and the know your customer (KYC) procedure for a five-year term, according to
CERT-In.
14. Minister of State for the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers Bhagwanth Khuba
presented the India Pharma Awards 2022 and the India Medical Device Awards
2022.
Award Winner
Indian Pharma Leader of the Year Cipla Ltd.
India Pharma Innovation of the Year Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Indian Pharma (Formulation) Micro Labs Ltd.
Indian Pharma CSR of the year Zydus Lifesciences Ltd
Indian Medical Device Leader of the Year Poly Medicure Ltd.
Indian Medical Device Company of the Trivitron Healthcare Pvt Ltd.
Year
Indian Medical Device MSME of the Year Nice Neotech Medical Systems Pvt Ltd.
Indian Medical Device Start-up of the Year Vanguard Diagnostics Pvt Ltd
Indian Medical Device Innovation of the Meril Lifesciences Pvt Ltd.
Year
International Relevance
1. SpaceX has launched three rich businessmen along with their astronaut escorts to
the International Space Station on 8th April 2022. They will be staying in the space

station for more than a week. This is SpaceX’s first private charter flight to the ISS,
two years after carrying NASA astronauts to the space station. NASA has joined Russia
to host guests at the International Space Station (ISS). For decades, Russia has been
hosting tourists at the ISS and before that the Mir station.
2. Indonesia, the largest producer, and exporter of palm oil, is experiencing domestic
shortages so much that the government has been forced to put curbs on shipments
and introduce price controls. Indonesia accounts for around 60 percent of the
world’s total production of palm oil. The second-largest producer is Malaysia. There
are two possible reasons for the palm oil crisis in Indonesia. The first is due to supply
disruptions in other cooking oils like soya bean and sunflower. The second factor is the
use of palm oil as a biofuel. Since 2020, the government of Indonesia has made the 30
percent blending of diesel with palm oil mandatory to decrease fossil fuel imports.
3. Russia has been suspended from the UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC) after
there were allegations that its soldiers violated human rights in Ukraine. The
member nations of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) voted to suspend
Russia. The UNGA can suspend any Council member that committed human rights
violations during its membership term. A two-thirds majority vote is required by the
General Assembly to suspend a member. The United States first moved the resolution to
suspend Russia over its military aggression in Ukraine. The resolution to remove Russia
was titled ‘Suspension of the rights of membership of the Russian Federation in the
Human Rights Council’.
4. Viktor Orban has again been elected as the Prime Minister of Hungary for the
fourth time. He won the 4th term by a huge margin more than what was predicted
in the pre-election polls. He is the longest-serving head of a government in the
European Union. The opposition claimed that the vote was unfair as they were all
banished from the state media. Orban however said that the elections were conducted in
a fair manner. Over 200 international observers monitored the Hungary elections along
with thousands of volunteers from both electoral camps.
5. Egypt, the world’s largest importer of wheat from Ukraine and Russia, has given
approval to India as one of its wheat suppliers. India will be supplying around one
million tonnes of wheat, of which in April 2,40,000 tonnes will be shipped. The officials
of Egypt visited wheat fields in UP, Madhya Pradesh, and Punjab to check the wheat

quality produced in the country. Bangladesh is the biggest importer of Indian wheat.
India has also entered new markets like Afghanistan, Yemen, Indonesia, and Qatar.
6. India has been elected to the United Nations Economic and Social Council’s (ECOSOC)
four major bodies: The Committee on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, The
Commission for Social Development, The Committee on Non-Governmental
Organisations, and The Commission on Science and Technology for Development. To
the Committee for Economic, Social and Cultural Right, Ambassador Preeti Saran has
been re-elected. In 2018, she was first elected to the Asia Pacific seat on the UN’s
Committee on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights.
7. China is following a strict Zero-Covid policy. The Zero-Covid policy of China
involves the use of aggressive measures and policies that are necessary to eliminate and
control the COVID-19 virus’s local transmission. The measures that are being
implemented by China to stop local transmission have been deemed as Draconian
by the people as the people of the country are not able to access essential services
like food and health care. Since 2020, China has drastically cut international travel in
the country by restricting flights and cancelling visas.
8. The Victoria state of Australia will be hosting the 2026 Commonwealth Games. To
host the 2026 editions of the Games, no other nation expressed interest except Australia.
The 2026 Games will be spread across the cities of Bendigo, Geelong, Gippsland, and
Ballarat thus a new multi-city model will be implemented. During the games, focus will
also be given to boosting the economy of the region. The Commonwealth Games are
also referred to as the Friendly Games. It is an international multi-sport event that is
held every four years and involves athletes participating from the Commonwealth of
Nations. The first such games were held in 1930.
9. Brazil and India have agreed to work towards the development of an Indian- Brazil
Alliance for Bioenergy and Biofuels and will also be establishing a virtual
India-Brazil Centre of Excellence on Ethanol. Both countries have agreed to make
efforts to make sustainable biofuels and bioenergy an integral part of the energy
transition, especially for industry, transport, and other sectors that are difficult to
decarbonise like shipping and aviation. The importance of bilateral trade in oil and its
by-products was also highlighted during the meeting and the willingness to expand
trade was also discussed. India also expressed interest in acquiring crude oil from
Brazil. Ethanol is considered a renewable energy resource. That's because new crops can

be grown to replenish the feedstock needed to make it. On the other hand, fossil fuels
take millions of years to produce.
10. Russia successfully tested Sarmat, a nuclear-capable intercontinental ballistic
missile that can reportedly strike any target in the world. The intercontinental
ballistic missile has been designed to elude anti-missile defence systems with a short
initial boost phase. It will give enemy surveillance systems only a small window to track
it. The missile is also super heavy, weighing more than 200 tonnes and it is capable of
transporting multiple warheads. The Sarmat missile, or 'Satan II', is said to be the
world's longest-range intercontinental ballistic missile, capable of striking a target
11,200 miles away.
11. China has signed a wide-ranging security pact with the Solomon Islands that seeks
to enhance social stability and long-term tranquility in the Islands. The pact also
stresses that the security pact is not targeted at any third country and serves the common
interest of the South-Pacific region. The agreement has been signed between the two
parties despite the US warning as the Western Governments fear that it could give
Beijing a military foothold in the South Pacific.
12. A new Declaration for the Future of the Internet was just signed by the United
States and 60 other countries. The primary goal is To keep the Internet open, free, and
neutral. The USA, European Union (EU), United Kingdom, Canada, France, etc. India
did not sign the declaration. China and Russia are also not part of this declaration.
According to the digital rights advocacy group, “Access Now”, India is the top
country to impose internet shutdowns in 2021 for the fourth consecutive year. Out
of 106 shutdowns in India, 85 were reported in Jammu and Kashmir.
13. A proposal to open a new Indian embassy in Lithuania was approved by the Union
Cabinet. This will be India's first full-fledged embassy in the Baltics. Lithuania is at
the center of a diplomatic spat with China after it allowed the opening of a de-facto
embassy by Taiwan. It was the first Baltic country that opened an embassy in India
in the year 2008. Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania has only hosted India’s honorary
consulate so far which was opened in 2015.

Image 13.1: Baltic sea (World atlas)

14. Russia has opted to leave the UN World Tourism Organization (UNWTO),
according to the UNWTO. Russia opted to leave the UNWTO ahead of a vote by the
group to suspend Russia over its conflict in Ukraine, according to the UNWTO. The
UNWTO had already declared in March that Russia will be suspended owing to the war
in Ukraine. This is the first time the UNWTO has convened to address a member
country's suspension.
15. Russia has unlawfully acquired four islands near the Kamchatka Peninsula,
according to Japan. These islands are known as the 'Northern Territories' in Japan and
'Kurils' in Russia. The islands stretch north across the Pacific Ocean from Japan’s
Hokkaido to Russia’s Kamchatka Peninsula’s southernmost tip. For the first time in
over two decades, Japan has declared the islands unlawfully occupied. The
Japanese foreign ministry last used this word in 2003.
Image 4.1: Kamchatka Peninsula (Source: eturbonews.com)

Science and Technology
1. Astronomers have recently discovered a planet that is a near-identical twin of

Jupiter. The newly discovered twin of Jupiter is also located at a similar distance
from its star as the distance between Jupiter and the Sun. The newly discovered
planet has been dubbed K2-2016-BLG-0005Lb. The Kepler Space Telescope has detected
around 2700 planets in the Milky Way galaxy. The newly discovered planet is located
17,000 light-years away from Earth. Albert Einstein’s Theory of Relativity and a
gravitational microlensing method was used by the scientists to spot this twin of Jupiter.
The scientists spotted the planet after it temporarily magnified and bent the light from a
background star.
2. China has launched a new Earth observation satellite. This satellite will become a
part of the country’s land-sea radar satellite constellation. It will capture images to
help China safeguard its maritime interests. The satellite has been named Gaofen-3
03. This newly launched satellite will be networked with the already orbiting Gaofen-3
and Gaofen-3 02 satellites. These 3 satellites will form a land-sea radar satellite
constellation and will be capturing stable, reliable, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images.
3. Astrophysicists at the Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen and the
Technical University of Denmark have identified a distant object that has properties
that lie between those of a galaxy and of a quasar (which is an extremely luminous
active galactic nucleus (AGN), powered by a supermassive black hole). The discovery is
attributed to the Hubble telescope. The newly found object has been named GNz7q by the
team and was born 750 million years after the Big Bang. It can be seen as the ancestor
of a supermassive black hole that was born relatively soon after the Big Bang during
a period called the cosmic dawn.
4. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) has been inked between the government
of Tripura and the NIXI-CSC Data Services Centre to establish an international
standard Data Centre in the state. The international standard Data Centre will be
located at Indiranagar, the headquarters of Tripura’s IT Bhavan. This collaboration
will enable the state government to host all of its data in the proposed Data Centre, while
the state will also be provided with data free of cost. The company will be charging for
data exchange to other private players and governments other than Tripura.

5. The international arm of the National Payment Corporation of India, NPCI

International Payments Ltd (NIPL) has announced that across the UAE, BHIM UPI
is live on NEOPAY terminals. NEOPAY, Mashreq Bank’s payment subsidiary, and NIPL
partnered in 2021 to create the UPI acceptance infrastructure in the country. In FY22,
45.6 billion UPI enabled transactions worth USD 1 trillion were performed thus making it
the world’s best performing real-time payment ecosystem.
6. The Airports Authority of India (AAI) has reached a key milestone by successfully
conducting a trial using the newest indigenous satellite-based augmentation system
(SBAS) technology termed GAGAN (GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation).
While landing at the Kishangarh airport in Rajasthan, IndiGo became the first airline in
Asia to deploy an indigenously built satellite-based navigation system. India is the first
country in the Asia Pacific to do this. GAGAN is a satellite-based augmentation
system that delivers the integrity and precision needed for civil aviation applications.
Better Air Traffic Management may be offered across Indian airspace with the use of this
technique.
7. The national government has created a comprehensive accident database
management system, Integrated Road Accident Database (IRAD), that would aid in
evaluating the causes of road accidents and devising safety measures with the goal of
minimising such occurrences in India. IRAD is a web-based Information Technology
(IT) solution that will allow numerous agencies such as the Public Works Department
(PWD), police, and others to submit information on a road accident from various
viewpoints such as road engineering, investigation, vehicle condition, and so on. The
Indian Institute of Technology-Madras (IIT-M) has developed this system. This system is
being implemented by the National Informatics Centre.
8. Elon Musk has acquired ownership of the social media site Twitter in one of the
most significant mergers in the computer sector. Musk intended to purchase Twitter
in order to use it as a forum for free expression. There are ambitions to develop the
digital platform into a far more vital platform where anybody may openly debate any
subject. There are also plans to improve the platform by adding new features to the digital
product, eliminating spambots, and authenticating all individuals who use Twitter.
Dates and Personalities

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1. Annually on the 7th of April World Health Day is observed across the globe. This
day is celebrated with the aim of discussing health-related issues and also draws
attention to specific health issues from across the world. “Our Planet, Our
Health” is the theme for this year’s World Health Day. Through this theme, the
World Health Organization is aiming to focus on the actions that are needed to keep
the humans as well as the planet healthy. On 22nd July 1949, the first World Health
Day was celebrated. The date was later changed to 7th April with the aim of
increasing student participation.
2. At the 64th Annual Grammy Awards, two Indian musicians were among the
winners. Falu, an Indian-American singer-songwriter won her maiden Grammy
in the category of Best Children’s Music Album. Composer Ricky Kej also won
his second Grammy as he and Stewart Copeland won the award in the category
of Best New Age Album. The 2022 Grammy Awards were held on 3rd March at the
MGM Grand Garden Arena located in Las Vegas, Nevada. Trevor Noah hosted this
event. Jon Batiste won the Best Album of The Year award. The award for the Best
New Artist as well as for Best Pop Vocal Album was won by Olivia Rodrigo and Doja
Cat won the award for Best Pop Duo/ Group.
3. Three Indian women Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw of Biocon, Falguni Nayar of
Nykaa, and Radha Vembu of Zoho have been featured in the latest Hurun
Richest Self-Made Women in the World 2022 (Hurun list of women self-made
billionaires). Wu Yajun, a Beijing-based property developer has topped this list. Her
estimated worth is USD 17 billion. She co founded Longfor in 1993 with her
ex-husband Cai Kui. In 2021, Longfor reported revenues of USD 34.6 billion.
Two-thirds of women on this list are from China followed by the USA and the UK.
The list has been released by Hurun Research Institute. This is the 12th edition of this
list. According to this list, currently, in the world, there are 124 self-made women
billionaires.
4. Tamil Nadu celebrated 14th April 2022, the birth anniversary of Dr. BR
Ambedkar as ‘Equality Day’ from this year onwards. A pledge was also taken
across the state on this day. The pledge’s crux was upholding and following equality
and the oath against caste discrimination was taken. The birth anniversary of
Periyar on 17th September has already been declared the Social Justice Day by
the government of Tamil Nadu.

5. M. Venkaiah Naidu, the Vice President has conferred the International Gandhi
Award for Leprosy, 2021 to Sahyog Kushtha Yagna Trust, Gujarat, and Dr.
Bhushan Kumar of Chandigarh in New Delhi. Sahyog Kushtha Yagna Trust and
Dr. Bhushan Kumar have been working round the clock to raise awareness
regarding leprosy and the care that can be provided to those afflicted with this
disease. They have also been working to remove the social stigmas that are associated
with this disease.
6. On the 12th of April, the International Day of Human Space Flight is celebrated
annually. This day is celebrated to commemorate humankind’s beginning of the space
era and also highlights the importance of space technology and science. On 12th
April 1961, the first human space flight was carried out by Yuri Gagarin, a
citizen of the Soviet Union. On 7th April 2011, the United Nations General
Assembly (UNGA) passed a resolution declaring 12th April to be celebrated as the
International Day of Human Space Flight while the USSR decided to celebrate 12th
April as Cosmonautics Day.
7. For the G20 summit, which will be hosted in 2023 by India, Foreign Secretary
Harsh Vardhan Shringla has been appointed as its chief coordinator. This role
has been newly created by the government to organize the summit. The G20 sherpa
will remain to be Piyush Goyal, the Indian Commerce Minister. The G20 summit
that will be held in India in 2023 will be the country’s biggest-ever multilateral event
that has been hosted in recent years. This summit provides a tremendous opportunity
for the country to showcase the nation’s rich culture, infrastructure, hospitality, and
diversity on the global platform.
8. Prime Minister Narendra Modi will be honoured with the inaugural Lata
Deenanath Mangeshkar Puraskar. He will be the first-ever recipient of the award.
Lata Deenanath Mangeshkar Award has been instituted by the family and Master
Deenanath Mangeshkar Smruti Pratishthan charitable trust in the memory of
Legendary Singer Lata Mangeshkar. The award will be conferred every year to one
individual who has made outstanding and path-breaking contributions to the
people, society and nation.
9. The central government appointed economist Suman Bery as the vice-chairman
of NITI Aayog after Rajiv Kumar resigned from the post. Suman Bery was the
National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) director-general for a

period of 10 years from 2001 to 2011. He had earlier served as a member of India’s
Statistical Commission, Prime Minister’s Economic Advisory Council, and Reserve
Bank of India’s Technical Advisory Committee on Monetary Policy. Between 1992 to
1994 he was also appointed as a Special Consultant to the Governor of the Reserve
Bank of India.
10. On the 21st of April, World Creativity and Innovation Day is celebrated across
the world annually. This day is observed with the aim of raising awareness about
the importance of the roles that are played by creativity and innovation in
human development. After the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted
a resolution to celebrate this day, this day came into existence. On 27th April 2017,
the UN General Assembly passed the resolution, and the first World Creativity and
Innovation Day was celebrated in the year 2018.
11. Ajay Kumar Sood, an eminent physicist has been appointed as the central
government’s principal scientific advisor (PSA). He is a member of the Science,
Technology, and Innovation Advisory Council to the prime minister. He is known for
his work on graphene. Also, he is a physics professor at the Indian Institute of
Science, Bengaluru. He will be succeeding renowned biologist K VijayRaghavan. In
2018, K VijayRaghavan was appointed as the PSA. He played a crucial role in leading
the vaccine and the drug development task forces as well as the management of the
pandemic. In 2021, his term ended but he was given an extension.
12. Lieutenant General Manoj Pande will be replacing General Manoj Mukund
Naravane as the 29th chief of the Indian Army. He became the first engineer to
become the chief of army staff (COAS). On 1st February he replaced Lieutenant
General CP Mohanty as the vice army chief. He has been conferred with the Ati
Vishisht Seva Medal, Param Vishisht Seva Medal, and Vishisht Seva Medal, two
times with the GOC-in-C Commendation, and the Chief of Army Staff
Commendation.
13. On April 28th, the world commemorates World Day for Safety and Health at
Work. ‘Act together to build a positive safety and health culture’ is the theme for
this year’s celebrations. This day also falls on the International Day of
Remembrance for Worker Deaths and Injuries. This day symbolises the ongoing
development and maintenance of a strong Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)
management system. In the year 2003, this day was first observed in the year 2003

by the International Labour Organisation (ILO). This is in line with the DPSPs
of the Indian constitution, precisely Article 42 and 43. Article 42 states that the
State shall make provision for securing just and humane conditions of work and
for maternity relief. On the other hand, Article 43 provides for the state's efforts
in the area of living wages, etc for workers.
14. World Immunization Week is organised by the World Health Organization
(WHO) and takes place every year in the final week of April (24 to 30th April).
This week is dedicated to promoting the use of vaccines to prevent individuals of all
ages from a variety of illnesses. The theme for this year's commemoration is
"Long Life for All," with the goal of uniting people behind the concept that
vaccinations enable individuals to achieve their aspirations, protect loved ones, and
live a long and healthy life.
15. Every year on April 26th, the world commemorates World Intellectual Property
Day. This day is commemorated in order to raise awareness about the influence of
copyright, patents, designs, and trademarks on our daily lives. ‘IP and Youth
innovating for a better future’ is the theme of this year’s World Intellectual
Property Day. In 1970, the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
Convention went into force, and in 2000, WIPO member nations recognised April
26th to be World Intellectual Property Day. India is a member of the World
Intellectual Property Organization.
Geography and environment
1. The ‘Digital Dashboard for District Ganga Committees (DGCs) Performance

Monitoring System’ (GDPMS) has been launched by Gajendra Singh
Shekhawat, Union Minister for Jal Shakti. The digital dashboard has been
launched with the aim of helping the DGCs in enhancing the connection between the
people and the River Ganga. The DGCs utilize the assets created under Namami
Gange for the rejuvenation of the River and monitor any sewage falling into the
River. DGCs also form partnerships with other organisations to help in rejuvenating
the River Ganga.
2. According to the World Health Organisation’s air quality database 2022 update,
around 99 percent of the population of the planet breathes air that exceeds the

air quality limits of WHO and also threatens the health of the people. According
to WHO data, over 6,000 cities in 117 countries are monitoring their air quality but
the residents still continue to breathe unhealthy levels of nitrogen dioxide and fine
particulate matter. The people residing in low and middle-income countries have the
highest exposure to nitrogen dioxide and fine particulate matter.
3. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (UN-FAO) along with
Arbor Day Foundation has recognized Hyderabad and Mumbai jointly as the
‘2021 Tree City of the World.’ The recognition has been won by the two Indian
cities due to their commitment to maintaining and growing greenery and urban trees
so as to build resilient, healthy, and happy cities. Hyderabad has been featured on this
list for the second consecutive year. The programme was started by the UN-FAO
and Arbor Day Foundation, an American non-profit organisation.
4. Oil India Limited (OIL) has commissioned India’s first commercial-grade green
hydrogen production plant at Jorhat, Assam. The produced hydrogen will be
blended with natural gas to run hydrogen buses in the state of Assam. The plant has
been commissioned in a record three months’ time. Green Hydrogen is being
produced in the plant from the electricity that is generated by the existing 500kW
Solar plant utilizing a 100 kW Anion Exchange Membrane (AEM) Electrolyser array.
This is the first time AEM technology is being used in India. This plant is a big
step toward the country’s target of achieving energy independence. Green hydrogen
is hydrogen produced by splitting water by electrolysis. This produces only
hydrogen and oxygen.
5. The world’s highest tunnel will be constructed by the Border Roads
Organisation (BRO) at Shinku La Pass at 16,580 feet. This tunnel will connect
Himachal Pradesh to Ladakh. The tunnel’s south portal will be at Shinku La, while
the north portal will be at Lakhang. Project Yojak has been set up by the central
government to execute this ambitious project. By the year 2025, the construction of
this tunnel will be completed.
-------------------------------------------THE END-----------------------------------------------


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Golden Tips to Read the Current Affairs Newsletter Efficiently

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