© 2016 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently
exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

9–114. 9–115.

Determine the height h to which liquid should be poured into The pressure loading on the plate varies uniformly along p
the cup so that it contacts half the surface area on the inside each of its edges. Determine the magnitude of the resultant
of the cup. Neglect the cup’s thickness for the calculation. 30 mm
force and the coordinates ( x , y) of the point where the line of 40 lb/ft
action of the force intersects the plate. Hint: The equation
50 mm defining the boundary of the load has the form p ax
by c, where the constants a, b, and c have to be determined. 30 lb/ft 20 lb/ft
h
10 lb/ft y
SOLUTION 10 mm SOLUTION 5 ft
x 10 ft
A = uz ~
rL = 2p{202(20)2 + (50)2 + 5(10)} p = ax + by + c

= 2p(1127.03) mm2
At x = 0, y = 0; p = 40
20h 2h
x = = 40 = 0 + 0 + c; c = 40
50 5
At x = 5, y = 0, p = 30
2p b 5(10) + a 10 + b a b + h2 r = (2p)(1127.03)
h 2h 2 1
5 B 5 2 30 = a (5) + 0 + 40; a = -2
10.77h + 0.2154h2 = 513.5
At x = 0; y = 10, p = 20
h = 29.9 mm Ans.
20 = 0 + b (10) + 40; b = -2

Thus,

p = - 2x - 2y + 40
5 10
FR = p(x,y)dA = (-2x - 2y + 40) dy dx
LA L0 L0

= -2 A 12(5)2 B (10) - 2 A 12(10)2 B 5 + 40(5)(10)

= 1250 lb Ans.
5 10
2
xp(x,y) dA = ( -2x - 2 yx + 40 x) dy dx
LA L0 L0

= - 2 A 13(5)2 B (10) - 2 A 12 (10)2 B A 12(5)2 B + 40 A 12(5)2 B (10)

= 2916.67 lb # ft

xp(x,y) dA
LA 2916.67
x = = = 2.33 ft Ans.
1250
p(x,y)dA
LA
5 10
yp(x,y) dA = (- 2x y - 2y2 + 40y) dy dx
LA L0 L0

= - 2 A 12(5)2 B A 12(10)2 B - 2 A 13(10)3 B (5) + 40(5) A 12(10)2 B

= 5416.67 lb # ft

yp(x,y) dA
LA 5416.67
y = = = 4.33 ft Ans.
1250
p(x,y) dA
LA Ans:
FR = 1250 lb
Ans: x = 2.33 ft
h = 29.9 mm y = 4.33 ft

99 2 993
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*9–116. *9–116. Continued

The load over the plate varies linearly along the sides of the p
plate such that p = (12 - 6x + 4y) kPa. Determine the
12 kPa
magnitude of the resultant force and the coordinates ( x, y )
18 kPa
of the point where the line of action of the force intersects x
the plate.
1.5 m 6 kPa

2m
y

Solution Thus,

LA
Centroid. Perform the double integration. xp(x, y)dA
1.5 m 2m
21.0 kN # m 7
x = = = m = 0.778 m  Ans.
LA L0 L0 LA
FR = r(x, y)dA = (12 - 6x + 4y)dxdy 27.0 kN 9
p(x, y)dA

1.5 m 2m

L0 LA
= 1 12x - 3x2 + 4xy 2 ` dy yp(x, y)dA
0 22.5 kN # m
y = = = 0.833 m  Ans.

LA
1.5 m 27.0 kN
L0
= (8y + 12)dy p(x, y)dA

1.5 m
= (4y2 + 12y) `
0

= 27.0 kN Ans.

1.5 m 2m

LA L0 L0
xr(x, y)dA = 1 12x - 6x2 + 4xy 2 dx dy

1.5 m 2m

L0
= (6x2 - 2x3 + 2x2y) ` dy
0

1.5 m

L0
= (8y + 8)dy

1.5 m
= 1 4y2 + 8y 2 `
0

= 21.0 kN # m
1.5 m 2m

LA L0 L0
yr(x, y)dA = 1 12y - 6xy + 4y2 2 dx dy

1.5 m 2m

L0
= 1 12xy - 3x2y + 4xy2 2 ` dy
0

1.5 m

L0
= (8y2 + 12y)dy

1.5 m
8
= a y3 + 6y2 b `
3 0

= 22.5 kN # m

Ans:
FR = 27.0 kN
x = 0.778 m
y = 0.833 m

99 4 995
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exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

9–117. 9–118.

The load over the plate varies linearly along the sides of the p The rectangular plate is subjected to a distributed load over p
plate such that p = 23[x14 - y2] kPa. Determine the resultant its entire surface. The load is defined by the expression
force and its position 1x, y2 on the plate. 8 kPa y p = p0 sin (px>a) sin (py>b), where p0 represents the
3m pressure acting at the center of the plate. Determine the
magnitude and location of the resultant force acting on
the plate. p0
4m
x
y
SOLUTION
Resultant Force and its Location: The volume of the differential element is a
x
2 ' ' SOLUTION b
dV = d FR = pdxdy = (xdx)[(4 - y)dy] and its centroid is at x = x and y = y.
3 Resultant Force and its Location: The volume of the differential element is
dV = dFR = pdxdy = p0 asin dxb asin
3m 4m px py
2 dyb .
FR = dFR = (xdx) (4 - y)dy a b
LFk L0 3 L0
a b
a sin asin
px py
Ba b 2 b 2 R = 24.0 kN
2 x2 3 m y2 4 m FR = dFR = p0 dxb dyb
= a 4y - Ans. LFR L0 a L0 b
3 2 0 2 0
px 2 a px 2 b
= p0 B a - b R
a b
3m
2 2
4m
cos b a - cos
xdFR = (x dx) (4 - y)dy p a 0 p b 0
LFR L0 3 L0
4ab
= Ba b 2 b 2 R = 48.0 kN # m
2 x3 3 m y2 4 m = p0 Ans.
a 4y - p2
3 3 0 2 0
3m 4m Since the loading is symmetric, the location of the resultant force is at the center of
' 2
ydFR = (xdx) y(4 - y)dy the plate. Hence,
LFR L0 3 L0
a b
B a b 2 a 2y2 - b 2 R = 32.0 kN # m
2 x2 3 m y3 4 m x = y = Ans.
= 2 2
3 2 0 3 0

'
xdFR
LFR 48.0
x = = = 2.00 m Ans.
24.0
dFR
LFR

'
ydFR
LFR 32.0
y = = = 1.33 m Ans.
24.0
dFR
LFR

Ans:
4ab
FR = p0
p2
Ans: a
x =
FR = 24.0 kN 2
x = 2.00 m b
y =
y = 1.33 m 2

99 6 997
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exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

9–119. *9–120.

When the tide water A subsides, the tide gate automatically

A wind loading creates a positive pressure on one side of
swings open to drain the marsh B. For the condition of high
the chimney and a negative (suction) pressure on the other C
tide shown, determine the horizontal reactions developed
side, as shown. If this pressure loading acts uniformly along p at the hinge C and stop block D. The length of the gate is
the chimney’s length, determine the magnitude of the u
6 m and its height is 4 m. rw = 1.0 Mg/m3. 4m
resultant force created by the wind.
p  p0 cos u A 3m
B
2m
D
SOLUTION
Fluid Pressure: The fluid pressure at points D and E can be determined using
Solution l Eq. 9–13, p = rgz.
p p
pD = 1.01103219.812122 = 19 620 N>m2 = 19.62 kN>m2
L- 2 L- 2
2 2
FRx = 2l p (p0 cos u) cos u r du = 2rlp0 p cos2 u du
pE = 1.01103219.812132 = 29 430 N>m2 = 29.43 kN>m2
p
= 2rlp0 a b  Ans. Thus,
2

FRx = plrp0 wD = 19.62162 = 117.72 kN>m

p wE = 29.43162 = 176.58 kN>m

L- 2
2
FRy = 2l p (p0 cos u) sin u r du = 0
Resultant Forces:
Thus,
1
FR = plrp0 Ans. FR1 = 1176.582132 = 264.87 kN
2

1
FR2 = 1117.722122 = 117.72 kN
2

Equations of Equilibrium:

a + ©MC = 0; 264.87132 - 117.7213.3332 - Dx 142 = 0

Dx = 100.55 kN = 101 kN Ans.

:
+ ©F = 0;
x 264.87 - 117.72 - 100.55 - Cx = 0

Cx = 46.6 kN Ans.

Ans:
p
FRx = 2rlp0 a b Ans:
2 Dx = 101 kN
FR = plrp0 Cx = 46.6 kN

99 8 999
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9–121. 9–122.

The tank is filled with water to a depth of d = 4 m. The concrete “gravity” dam is held in place by its own 1m
Determine the resultant force the water exerts on side A and 3m 2m weight. If the density of concrete is rc = 2.5 Mg>m3, and
side B of the tank. If oil instead of water is placed in the tank, water has a density of rw = 1.0 Mg>m3, determine the
to what depth d should it reach so that it creates the same smallest dimension d that will prevent the dam from
resultant forces? ro = 900 kg>m3 and rw = 1000 kg>m3. overturning about its end A. 6m

A B
d
A
SOLUTION d–1
d
For water
Solution
At side A:
Loadings. The computation will be based on b = 1 m width of the dam. The pressure
wA = b rw g d at the base of the dam is.
P = rgh = 1000(9.81)(6) = 58.86 ( 103 ) pa = 58.86 kPa
= 2(1000)(9.81) (4)
Thus
= 78 480 N/m
w = pb = 58.86(1) = 58.86 kN>m
1
FRA = (78 480)(4) = 156 960 N = 157 kN Ans. The forces that act on the dam and their respective points of application, shown in
2 Fig. a, are

At side B: W1 = 2500 3 1(6)(1) 4 (9.81) = 147.15 ( 103 ) N = 147.15 kN

wB = b rw g d 1
W2 = 2500c (d - 1)(6)(1) d (9.81) = 73.575 ( d - 1 )( 103 ) = 73.575(d - 1) kN
2
= 3(1000)(9.81)(4)
1
= 117 720 N>m ( FR )v = 1000c (d - 1)(6)(1) d (9.81) = 29.43 ( d - 1 )( 103 ) = 29.43(d - 1) kN
2
1 1
FRB = (117 720)(4) = 235 440 N = 235 kN Ans. ( FR ) h = (58.86)(6) = 176.58 kN
2 2

1 1 2 1
For oil x1 = 0.5 x2 = 1 + (d - 1) = (d + 2) x3 = 1 + (d - 1) = (2d + 1)
3 3 3 3
At side A: 1
y = (6) = 2 m
3
wA = b ro g d
Equation of Equilibrium. Write the moment equation of equilibrium about A by
= 2(900)(9.81)d referring to the FBD of the dam, Fig. a,
= 17 658 d 1
a+ΣMA = 0; 147.15(0.5) + [73.575(d - 1)]c (d + 2) d
3
1
FRA = (17 658 d)(d) = 156 960 N 1
2 + [29.43(d - 1)] c (2d + 1) d - 176.58(2) = 0
3
d = 4.22 m Ans. 44.145d 2 + 14.715d - 338.445 = 0
Solving and chose the positive root
d = 2.607 m = 2.61 m Ans.

Ans:
For water: FRA = 157 kN
FRB = 235 kN Ans:
For oil: d = 4.22 m d = 2.61 m

100 0 1 00 1
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exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

9–123. *9–124.

The factor of safety for tipping of the concrete dam is defined as the y The concrete dam in the shape of a quarter circle.
ratio of the stabilizing moment due to the dam’s weight divided by 1m
Determine the magnitude of the resultant hydrostatic force
the overturning moment about O due to the water pressure. that acts on the dam per meter of length. The density of
Determine this factor if the concrete has a density of water is rw = 1 Mg>m3.
rconc = 2.5 Mg>m3 and for water rw = 1 Mg>m3.
3m
6m

O
SOLUTION
x
Loading: The hydrostatic force acting on the circular surface of the dam consists of
4m the vertical component Fv and the horizontal component Fh as shown in Fig. a.
Solution
Resultant Force Component: The vertical component Fv consists of the weight
Loadings. The computation will be based on b = 1m width of the dam. The pressure
of water contained in the shaded area shown in Fig. a. For a 1-m length of dam,
at the base of the dam is
we have
  P = pwgh = 1000(9.81)(6) = 58.86(103)pa = 58.86 kPa
Fv = rgAABCb = (1000)(9.81) B (3)(3) - (3 ) R (1) = 18947.20 N = 18.95 kN
p 2
Thus, 4
   w = Pb = 58.86(1) = 58.86 kN>m
The horizontal component Fh consists of the horizontal hydrostatic pressure.
The forces that act on the dam and their respective points of application, shown in Since the width of the dam is constant (1 m), this loading can be represented
Fig. a, are by a triangular distributed loading with an intensity of wC = rghCb =
1000(9.81)(3)(1) = 29.43 kN>m at point C, Fig. a.
  W1 = (2500)[(1(6)(1)](9.81) = 147.15(103)] N = 147.15 kN

1 1
  W2 = (2500) c (3)(6)(1) d (9.81) = 220.725(103) N = 220.725 kN Fh = (29.43)(3) = 44.145 kN
2 2
1 Thus, the magnitude of the resultant hydrostatic force acting on the dam is
  FR = (58.86)(6) = 176.58 kN
2

1 2 1 FR = 3F h 2 + F v 2 = 344.1452 + 18.952 = 48.0 kN Ans.

  x1 = 3 + (1) = 3.5 ft  x2 = (3) = 2m  y = (6) = 2 m
2 3 3

Thus, the overturning moment about O is

  MOT = 176.58(2) = 353.16 kN # m

And the stabilizing moment about O is

  Ms = 147.15(3.5) + 220.725(2) = 956.475 kN # m

Thus, the factor of safety is

Ms 956.475
  F.S. = = = 2.7083 = 2.71 Ans.
MOT 353.16

Ans: Ans:
F.S. = 2.71 FR = 48.0 kN

100 2 1 00 3
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9–125. 9–126.
The tank is used to store a liquid having a density of C The parabolic plate is subjected to a fluid pressure that y
80 lb>ft3. If it is filled to the top, determine the magnitude of varies linearly from 0 at its top to 100 lb>ft at its bottom B. 2 ft 2 ft
force the liquid exerts on each of its two sides ABDC Determine the magnitude of the resultant force and its
A D
and BDFE. location on the plate. y  x2
4 ft

B F
6 ft 4 ft

12 ft x
3 ft E

Solution Solution
w1 = 80(4)(12) = 3840 lb>ft 4

LA L0
FR = p dA = (100 - 25y)(2x dy)
w2 = 80(10)(12) = 9600 lb>ft
4
ABDC :
L0
1 B
= 2 (100 - 25y)ay 2 dyb
1
F1 = (3840)(5) = 9.60 kip Ans.
2 2 3 2 5 4
= 2c 100 a by 2 - 25a by 2 d = 426.7 lb = 427 lb Ans.
BDEF : 3 5 0

1
F2 = (9600 - 3840)(6) + 3840(6) = 40.3 kip Ans. 4

LA L0
2 1
FR y = yp dA; 426.7 y = 2 y(100 - 25y)y 2 dy

2 5 2 7 4
426.7 y = 2c 100 a by 2 - 25a by2 d
5 7 0

426.7 y = 731.4

y = 1.71 ft Ans.

Due to symmetry,

x = 0 Ans.

Ans:
Ans: FR = 427 lb
F1 = 9.60 kip y = 1.71 ft
F2 = 40.3 kip x = 0

100 4 1 00 5
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exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

9–127. *9–128.

The 2-m-wide rectangular gate is pinned at its center A and The tank is filled with a liquid which has a density of y
is prevented from rotating by the block at B. Determine the 900 kg>m3. Determine the resultant force that it exerts on
reactions at these supports due to hydrostatic pressure. the elliptical end plate, and the location of the center of 1m 1m
rw = 1.0 Mg>m3. pressure, measured from the x axis.
4 y2 x2 1

0.5 m
6m
x
1.5 m 0.5 m

1.5 m
B
SOLUTION SOLUTION
w1 = 1000(9.81)(3)(2) = 58 860 N/m Fluid Pressure: The fluid pressure at an arbitrary point along y axis can be
determined using Eq. 9–13, p = g(0.5 - y) = 900(9.81)(0.5 - y) = 8829(0.5 - y).
w2 = 1000(9.81)(3)(2) = 58 860 N/m

1 Resultant Force and its Location: Here, x = 21 - 4y2. The volume of the
F1 = (3)(58 860) = 88 290 differential element is dV = dFR = p(2xdy) = 8829(0.5 - y)[221 - 4y 2] dy. the
2
Evaluating integrals using Simpson’s rule, we have
F2 = (58 860)(3) = 176 580
0.5 m

a + ©MA = 0; 88 290(0.5) - FB (1.5) = 0 FR = d FR = 17658 (0.5 - y)(21 - 4y2)dy

LFR L-0.5 m
FB = 29 430 N = 29.4 kN Ans. = 6934.2 N = 6.93 kN Ans.
:
+ ©F = 0;
x 88 290 + 176 580 - 29 430 - FA = 0 0.5 m
yd FR = 17658 y(0.5 - y)(21 - 4y2)dy
FA = 235 440 N = 235 kN Ans. LFR L-0.5 m

= -866.7 N # m

'
ydFR
LFR -866.7
y = = = -0.125 m Ans.
6934.2
dFR
LFR

Ans: Ans:
FB = 29.4 kN FR = 6.93 kN
FA = 235 kN y = -0.125 m

100 6 1 00 7
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exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

9–129. 9–130.

Determine the magnitude of the resultant force acting on The semicircular drainage pipe is filled with water.
A
the gate ABC due to hydrostatic pressure. The gate has a Determine the resultant horizontal and vertical force
width of 1.5 m. rw = 1.0 Mg>m3. components that the water exerts on the side AB of the
1.5 m 2 ft
pipe per foot of pipe length; gw = 62.4 lb>ft3.
1.25 m
B

C B

SOLUTION 2m
SOLUTION
w1 = 1000(9.81)(1.5)(1.5) = 22.072 kN>m Fluid Pressure: The fluid pressure at the bottom of the drain can be determined
60°
A using Eq. 9–13, p = gz.
w2 = 1000(9.81)(2)(1.5) = 29.43 kN>m
p = 62.4(2) = 124.8 lb>ft2
1
Fx = (29.43)(2) + (22.0725)(2) = 73.58 kN
2 Thus,
2
F1 = c(22.072) a 1.25 + b d = 53.078 kN w = 124.8(1) = 124.8 lb>ft w
tan 60°
1 2 1
1 2 pr = p(2 2) = p ft2.
b (1000)(9.81) = 16.99 kN
Resultant Forces: The area of the quarter circle is A =
F2 = (1.5)(2)a 4 4
2 tan 60°
Then, the vertical component of the resultant force is
Fy = F1 + F2 = 70.069 kN
FR v = gV = 62.4[p(1)] = 196 lb Ans.
F = 2F2x + F2y = 2(73.58)2 + (70.069)2 = 102 kN Ans.
and the horizontal component of the resultant force is

1
FR h = (124.8)(2) = 125 lb Ans.
2

Ans:
Ans: FRv = 196 lb
F = 102 kN FRh = 125 lb

100 8 1 00 9