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C—O X¥OUY + an “ ub Be** | ionic rodius thermal Stability hyclroxccl. solubility Mg** INCREASES, IN CREASES INCREAS Es Es gra | Polorising power — sutPate solu! DEckeRSESs DECREASES Thermal Stability x CO3 «8 —> xOpy + CO2@ INCREASES 2X (WOa), —> BXOis) F 4NO2 G+ C2 cg) ~ polarisation + — — : / —— ~ more heat neeced polor’sation (ow ~ more poxtive enthalpy change CS charge censity sr fe e A) lower effer on carbonate ton . CS pote sation tow NG eA ONE c—o- —>@e “6 24+ distorts e- clounk bonds weaken easter to break > “A@ polansing power T bonds weaker thermal stability 4 Pree Wall o€ conte broker Solubility pees aaa ¢ AHsou> AH yar i @ ; * Atnya ay imic Gampouns ne Sulfate s. decreases Hydroxtctes (ncreasey Decrease in Decrec sei A¥iye 5 ane Aluan > SHnyet t+ BHsoumen 4 WSS ehclo themic Solules ity Cncreases AH soluxien more endothermic Solubiliby olstreases ss energy nnadec ~ more eneyy required to XO) > (aq) +a) Transition Metals ~ transttton element? at Last 4 ton tras has an theomplate / part cally Filled ol- orbiter GX 15% 25% 2p * as? Bpe 42 agro Cr .48*/28* 2p age ape 4or 34S wren adding +2 > ad wien removing, remove from 45 then 3d Shapes: octahedral, \ RH, ferohedral, quo plara C @ Tetvanedrat. \04:5° 4 coordinale bonds OM \ @® vorioww axidaden srates ® @® acer oy catareysts ~hove oe higher mp ancy ser, Pron Co coloured to mpounds more den = sales conte & atom radius genie 16 erPared bo CO @ form com prx cons ~ Wgand: atom /ion /motuule Mat = coordination numba! nim of donates UPot ¢ 1 entra, metol dative covalent bonds that von ] Gre formed wlth antral metal la J | _ and Ugand mon odentae roidenrare multiclentate Pons GNM O, 1 dative bond 2 dowive eed < more HON oo |igenat iCWT FL OH to wetal. ton to metal. Con Apairs ot LP woth LP wlth 2 pairs CEDTA> -4) DWH, Cha cH, HHL > O Len) ot LP ethane 1,2 chamine — bL ~e0t coo ~ Oxatare 2 (oo © Squeve Planar: 10° 4 coordina bonds os usually howe cl > contain PL. Pel Masnss Au. Nis -etipote do L mont Cu ce OR a in ec POLAR cis 8" : Han nec lSomers GS 1 “idenneat groups 40° apart aP news roan CiS-Trons trans idenbiat groups i to* apart as, needs 2 diferent Ugands ‘ ° : cL a) u a Wah 0 O82 ty TS te Pa ee ra, § t panier e Keo, OER ody 89% HON oe eT ane STN rN aon Oh aeons wease es Len! Oprreat Sxkicentate! OF ax bidenrate’ 2 muedemae (os plancn alae, Ns — = eau iin OVA re Yn, |W NM = prevents vepuican om we eae Ni OF Strands prevenrt Al liveston Ligand Substibation Ald CL” Adel OH" /NH3 ~ Rdd Nita /OH™ a lon aq |__| ats te emai : Tarchox | (ar ch2ok 34% + ar Gu a a = +6Ho | —s [er con), Coded NH sorvere buue | +2nH—t 7 M20 Deep blue PPE C [Fe chick B Cremer 33+ 40°) “Cre tok d*t+ ax | > Fe tewscHes orange - brown pee a | Fe cu) + 3x [Fe chore 1** + ax — [re Cows CHIO>47 + 2x green ppr [Fe che) Fecn) | pa green | | Con(nOde I? + ax > Cee OW, O14) [co chro) 2 Cem (Hidde J? + 4a = Ceotta)* ore +40 J pts: . Cou C4106) 7+ NHS = [en (reign) 77 deep lolue sol oe Cu CHL0)4 COW) ants SP CCCs g CHD T + Q2M10 + ach~ deep wie sot 1 INSOLUBLE sso Uae MmsoLuate NHS + INscLORLE OU- + IHSCLOBLE SOLUBLE blue sou buue PPT Co COMD, CHO + OHKS > Gecnnne 3% — t —_|_ : | = oa Colour degenerate: SAME ENERGY ; Atom or Fee im of metal th d orwitals me degenorate A70a my21 —non- degenerate: Ugands attach to metal Cons Fork, compitx Con pat te dh sublevel Splits WhY ae chromcum cmpexes Colourect? M1: complxes nave asets of Ad orbitals Aiffurent energy sd-d Splbtrng Curr ma: Al ey one Zpncon/ HY of OR d-orbiral splirs OR e- moves from Wwerd a to nighd Cee ra orn aes 4 orbtrals OR AVE scour nor alotorka Ma: @- promored /exccted % reHecred OR e7 mores to higher 4 orbital /jtrps up IP d-c yup 7O€ dctferent , thon, WP absorbed AHétrent . ‘actors aflecring a2 4 sue of spitting AG a» Ligands 2) Mt ch 2 z jorge 2) geomemy of . 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