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भारतीय मानक IS 15799 : 2021

Indian Standard

तार और बिटुमिनी सामग्री की परीक्षण

विधियाँ — बिटुमेन काल प्रभावन
( आरटीएफओ और पीएवी परीक्षण )
( पहला पनु रीक्षण )

Methods for Testing Tar and

Bituminous Materials — Ageing of
Bitumen ( RTFO and PAV Tests )
( First Revision )

ICS 91.100.50, 93.080.20

© BIS 2021

भारतीय मानक ब्रयू ो

B U R E A U O F I N D I A N S TA N D A R D S
मानक भवन, 9 बहादरु शाह ज़फर मार्ग, नई िदल्ली – 110002
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI-110002
         www.bis.gov.in  
www.standardsbis.in

February 2021  Price Group 5

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Bitumen, Tar and Related Products Sectional Committee, PCD 06

FOREWORD
This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards after the draft finalized
by the Bitumen, Tar and Related Products Sectional Committee, had been approved by the Petroleum, Coal and
Related Product Division Council.
This standard was first published in 2008 as ‘Methods of testing tar and bituminous materials — Determination of
durability of bitumen’. As the standard prescribes the methods for preparation of RTFO and PAV test residues on
which various tests are carried out to measure the effect of heat and air, the title of this standard has accordingly
been changed.
In this revision, following major changes have been made:
a) Clause 4.2 ‘Determination of oven preheat time’ has been incorporated;
b) Clause 5.1 ‘Preparation of oven’ has been incorporated;
c) Note under Clause 6.4 regarding calibration of temperature measuring device has been incorporated;
d) Note under Clause 6.5 regarding calibration of pressure gauge has been incorporated; and
e) Informative Annex A on reporting of results from the RTFO test and data on precision and bias for tests
carried out on bitumen before and after the RTFO test has also been included.
In formulation of this standard, considerable assistance has been derived from ASTM D 2872-12 ‘Standard test
method for effect of heat and air on moving film of asphalt (Rolling Thin Film Oven Test)’ and ASTM D 6521-19
‘Standard practice for accelerated aging of asphalt binder using a Pressurized Aging Vessel (PAV)’.
Durability is a measure of change in the physical properties of bitumen and bituminous material with age. Poor
durability, which is an excessive rate of hardening can lead to premature embrittlement and surfacing failure
resulting in cracking and chip loss of the pavement. The ageing of bituminous binders is one of the key factors
causing the deterioration of bituminous concrete pavements. Therefore, it is important to quantify and study
various properties of bitumen to interpret short and long term impact of ageing. The tests of bitumen aging
described in this standard are:
a) The Rolling Thin Film Oven Test (RTFOT) in which the effects of heat and air are determined from
changes in physical test values as measured before and after the oven treatment.
b) Pressure Aging Vessel (PAV), is normally performed after an initial conditioning using a RTFO residue to
simulate the changes in rheology which occur in bitumen binders during in-service oxidative ageing.
The residues obtained from RTFO test or PAV test as per this standard shall be used for carrying out characterization
tests for determination of effect of these treatments on the selected properties.
The reporting of results from the RTFO test and data on precision and bias for tests carried out on bitumen before
and after the RTFO test for mass change, viscosity and ductility are given at informative Annex A.
The composition of the Committee responsible for the formulation of this standard is given in Annex B.
In reporting the result of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final value, observed or
calculated, is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with IS 2 : 1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical
values ( revised )’.
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Indian Standard
METHODS FOR TESTING TAR AND BITUMINOUS
MATERIALS — AGEING OF BITUMEN
( RTFO AND PAV TESTS )
( First Revision )
1 SCOPE
1.1 This standard prescribes two methods of treatment
of bitumen to predict the effect of ageing on selected
properties of bitumen before and after the treatment,
namely, Rolling Thin Film Oven (RTFO) test and
Pressurized Ageing Vessel (PAV) test. These tests are
prescribed in following two sections:
a) Section 1 — Rolling Thin Film Oven (RTFO)
test (effect of heat and air on a moving film of
bitumen); and
b) Section 2 — Pressurized Ageing Vessel (PAV)
test (accelerated ageing of bitumen by means of
pressurized air and elevated temperature).
1.2 The residues obtained from RTFO and PAV tests
shall be tested for various parameters to predict the
effect of ageing.
1.3 It is intended to simulate the type of changes,
which occur in bituminous binders during hot mix
and in service oxidative ageing but may not accurately
simulate the relative rates of ageing.
NOTES:
1 The ageing of bitumen binders during service is affected by
ambient temperature, air pressure and by mixtures associated
variables, such as, volumetric proportions of the mix,
permeability of the mix, properties of aggregates and possibly
other factors.
2 Some modified bitumen binders may undergo phase separate
or form skins during RTFO conditioning or PAV ageing and
the results from subsequent testing of this residue may not be
representative of modified bitumen short term aged under field
conditions.
2 REFERENCES
The following standard contains provisions which,
through reference in this text, constitute provisions
of this standard. At the time of publication the edition
indicated was valid. All standards are subject to revision,
and parties to agreements based on this standard are
encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying
the most recent edition of the standard indicated below:
IS No. Title
334 : 2002 Glossary of terms relating to bitumen
and tar (third revision)
1
IS 15799 : 2021
3 TERMINOLOGY
For the purpose of this standard, the following definition
and those given in IS 334 shall apply.
3.1 Durability — It is the combined effect in properties
of bitumen caused due to conventional hot-mixing
at about 160°C and in-service oxidative ageing that
occurs in bitumen binders during pavement service .
SECTION 1 ROLLING THIN FILM
OVEN (RTFO) TEST
4 APPARATUS
4.1 Oven
4.1.1 A double walled, electrically heated convection
type oven, interior dimensions shall be 381 mm
high, 483 mm wide (including the plenum), and
445 ± 13 mm deep (with the door closed). The door
shall contain a symmetrically located window with
dimensions of 305 - 330 mm wide and 203 - 229 mm
high. The window shall contain two sheets of heat-
resistant glass separated by an air space. The window
should permit an unobstructed view of the interior of
the oven. The top of the upper heating element shall be
25 ± 3 mm below the oven floor. The oven shall have
vents at the top and bottom. The bottom vents shall be
located symmetrically to supply incoming air around
the heating elements. They shall have an open area of
15.0 ± 0.7 cm2. The top vents shall be symmetrically
arranged in the upper part of the oven and have an open
area of 9.3 ± 0.45 cm2.
4.1.2 The oven shall have an air plenum covering the
side walls and ceiling. The air space shall be 38.1 mm
deep from the walls and ceiling. At a midpoint in the
width of the oven and 152.4 mm from the face of the
circular metal carriage to its axis, a squirrel cage-
type fan 133 mm outer diameter (OD) and 73 mm
wide shall be turned at 1725 rpm by an externally
mounted motor. The squirrel cage fan shall be set so
that the fan turns in an opposite direction to its vanes.
The air flow characteristics of the fan-plenum system
shall be suction from the floor of the oven through the
wall plenums and exhaust of the air through the fan.
Figure 1 and Fig. 2 show details of this plenum system.
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IS 15799 : 2021

DIRECTION
OF ROTATION
AIR FLOW

FAN MOTOR
1725 RPM

TOP VIEW OF FAN

VENT DIRECTION OF ROTATION

THERMOMETER

OVEN
2"

Fig. 1 Schematic Diagram of Air Flow Front View

FIG. 1 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF AIR FLOW FRONT VIEW
292
AIR
PLENUM 228
OVEN
SPRING CLIP,
SAMPLE BOTTLE
RETAINER
111.5
3 Nos. Ø305 X 3.17 THICK
ALUMINIUM DISC

190

Ø19
178 SHAFT

ORIFICE
10.2
THERMOMETER

Ø8 COPPER
TUBE FOR 6.35
AIR LINE

4 Nos. EQUISPACED SAMPLE

8 Nos. Ø66.7
M6 DRILLED HOLE BOTTLE
HOLES EQUISPACED
ON 280 DIA. B.C.
ON 203.2 DIA. B.C.
4 Nos. SPACER
O.D.12.7 xI.D.6.35 x54.6LG.
4 Nos. SPACER
FRONT VIEW O.D.12.7 xI.D.6.35 x20.6 LG.

SIDE VIEW

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 2 CIRCULAR
Fig. 2 CMETAL CARRIAGE
ircular Metal Carriage

2
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IS 15799 : 2021

4.1.3 The oven shall be equipped with a proportional
control thermostat capable of maintaining 163 ± 0.5°C
temperature. The sensing element of the thermostat
shall be place at any location that enables the oven
to maintain temperature control as specified in this
standard. The thermometer shall be hung or affixed to
a mounting in the ceiling, which is 50.8 mm from the
right side of the oven at a midpoint in the depth of the
oven. The heating controls shall be capable of bringing
the fully loaded oven back to the test temperature
within a 10 min period after insertion of the samples in
a preheated oven.
4.1.4 The oven shall be provided within a 304.8
mm diameter vertical circular carriage which is
mechanically driven through a 19 mm diameter shaft
at a speed of 15 ± 0.2 rev/min. This carriage shall be
provided with the suitable openings and clips for firmly
holding eight glass containers along the horizontal
position in vertical plane.
4.1.5 The oven shall be equipped with an air jet
having outlet orifice 1.016 mm diameter (No. 60 drill)
positioned to blow heated air into each bottle at its
lowest point of travel and connected to a 7.6 m length
of 8 mm outside diameter refrigeration copper tubing.
The tubing shall be coiled to lie flat on the bottom of
the oven and lead to a source of fresh, dried, dust-free
regulated air.
NOTE — Activated silica gel treated with an indicator is a
satisfactory desiccant for the dried air.
4.2 Determination of Oven Preheat Time
Determine the preheat time for the oven in accordance
with either 4.2.1 or 4.2.2.
4.2.1 Adjust the oven control thermostat to the
setting that will be used during the test. Select this
setting so that when the oven is fully loaded and the
air is on, the oven will equilibrate at 163 ± 0.5°C, as
indicated by the test thermometer. Turn the oven on
and simultaneously record the start time to the nearest
whole minute. Determine and record the temperature
of the oven at 15-min intervals. Continue this process
until the oven reaches thermal equilibrium. Thermal
equilibrium is considered to be the time when the oven
temperature does not vary by more than 0.5ºC between
two consecutive readings. The oven preheat time is the
time that it takes to reach thermal equilibrium plus an
additional 30 min.
4.2.2 In lieu of completing the steps described in 4.2.1,
a minimum preheat time of 4 h may be used.
NOTE — If 4.2.1 is used, this determination must be made for
each oven, and shall be repeated at least annually or whenever
environmental conditions or the test location is changed. If
4.2.2 is used, no annual determination is necessary.
4.3 Flow Meter
The flow meter may be any suitable type capable of
accurately measuring the air flow at a rate of 4 000 ml/
min and shall be located downstream of all regulating
devices and upstream of the copper coil. It shall be

Ø64 ± 1.2
Ø31.75 ± 1.5

1.5 ± 0. 8

140 ± 1.5
MATERIAL :-
PYREX BRAND TUBING
STANDARD WALL
64 OD WALL THICKNESS
2.4 ± 0.3

All dimensions in millimetres.

FigFIG.
. 3 S3ample
SAMPLE BOTTLE
Bottle

3
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IS 15799 : 2021
calibrated periodically using wet test meter or other
displacement method based on air flow exiting the air
jet with the oven off and at room temperature.
4.4 Thermometer
This thermometer shall be used to make all temperature
measurements required by this test method. In order to
reduce the risks associated with thermometer breakage,
the thermometer may be fully or partially encapsulated
in an optically transparent polymer sheath having
a maximum thickness of 0.25 mm. In place of test
thermometer electronic temperature measurement
device may also be used.
4.5 Glass Container
The container in which the sample is to be tested shall
be of heat-resistant glass conforming to the dimensions
shown in Fig. 3.
4.6 Cooling Rack
A wire or sheet metal rack constructed of stainless steel
or aluminum, which allows the sample containers to
cool in a horizontal position, with each container in the
same horizontal plane. The rack shall be constructed
in such a way that allows air to flow freely around
each container with at least 25 mm clearance between
containers and any solid surface.
5 PROCEDURE
5.1 Preparation of Oven
5.1.1 Position the air outlet orifice so that it is 6 ± 3 mm
from the opening of the glass container. The orifice shall
also be so positioned that the jet blows horizontally
into the central arc of the opening of the circling
glass container.
5.1.2 Position the thermometer specified in 4.4 so
that the end of the bulb of the thermometer is within
25.4 mm of an imaginary line level with the center of
the shaft holding the revolving carriage.
5.1.3 Level the oven so that the horizontal axes of the
glass containers when in position in the carriage are
level to within ± 1.0°.
5.1.4 Start the fan. The fan shall remain on whenever
the oven heater is on and the oven door is closed. This
standard permits (but does not require) the fan to be
stopped when the oven door is opened. Stopping the
fan may be accomplished manually, with an electronic
door interlock, or through other means.
5.1.5 Preheat the oven for the preheat time determined in
4.2 or longer prior to testing with the control thermostat
adjusted to the setting that will be used during the test.
Select this setting so that when the oven is fully loaded
and the air is on, the oven will equilibrate at 163 ±
0.5°C, as indicated by the test thermometer.
4
NOTE — Because the presence of sample containers affects
the temperature distribution in the oven, containers should be
present in the oven when the thermostat setting is determined.
The use of empty containers is acceptable for this purpose.
5.2 The sample as received shall be free of water. Heat
the sample in its container with a loosely fitted cover
in an oven not to exceed 150°C for the minimum time
necessary to ensure that the sample is completely fluid.
Manually stir the sample but avoid incorporating air
bubbles.
5.3 Pour 35 ± 0.5 g of the sample into each of the
required glass containers, providing sufficient material
for characterizing tests which are to be run on the
residue.
5.4 Immediately after pouring the sample into a glass
container, turn the container to a horizontal position.
Rotate the container slowly for at least one full rotation,
and attempt to pre-coat its cylindrical surface. It is not
necessary to pre-coat the open end of the container,
and care should be taken to prevent the sample from
flowing out of the container during this step. Place the
container horizontally in a clean cooling rack that is
maintained in a draft-free, room-temperature location
away from ovens and other sources of heat.
NOTES:
1 Complete pre-coating may not be possible for certain binders.
2 For maximum precision in determining mass change,
the cooling rack should be in a location that is the same
temperature and humidity as the balance used for measuring
the mass of the containers.
3 Static electricity may cause unstable mass measurements,
due in part to the characteristics of the glass sample containers.
This problem can be minimized by mounting a passive ion
source inside the balance draft shield.
5.5 Allow the glass sample containers to cool in the
cooling rack for a minimum of 60 min and a maximum
of 180 min.
NOTE — When mass change is being determined, use two
separate containers for this determination. After cooling,
determine the mass of these containers using an analytical
balance with least count of 0.001 g.
5.6 With the oven at operating temperature and the air
flow set at 4000 ± 200 ml/min, arrange the containers
holding the bitumen in the carriage so that the carriage
is balanced. Fill unused spaces in the carriage with
empty containers. Close the door and rotate the carriage
assembly at a rate of 15 ± 0.2 rev/min. Maintain the
sample in oven with the air flowing and the carriage
rotating for 85 min. The test temperature of 163 ±
0.5°C shall be reached within first 10 min, otherwise
discontinue the test.
5.7 At the conclusion of the testing period, remove each
glass sample container, one at a time and transfer the
contents into a bigger container and gently stir it to
homogenize it for further ageing in PAV.
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SECTION 2 PRESSURE AGING
VESSEL (PAV) TEST
6 APPARATUS (see Fig. 4)
6.1 Pressure Vessel
A stainless steel pressure vessel designed to operate
at 2.1 ± 0.1 MPa between 90° to 110°C with interior
dimensions adequate to hold a pan holder capable of
holding ten stainless steel pans in horizontal (level)
position (see Fig. 5) such that the bitumen binder
film thickness is reasonably uniform. The holder shall
be designed for easy insertion and removal from the
vessel.
NOTE — The vessel may be a separate unit to be placed in a
forced draft oven for conditioning the bitumen binders or an
integral part of the temperature control system (for example,
by direct heating of the vessel or by surrounding the vessel
with a permanently affixed heating unit forced air oven or
liquid bath). For practical purposes, it is recommended that the
vessel have the dimensions of 250 mm in diameter and 265
mm in height.
6.2 Pressure and Temperature Controlling Devices
6.2.1 A pressure relief valve that prevents pressure in
the vessel from exceeding the design pressure of the
vessel, but in no case exceeding 2.5 MPa during ageing.
6.2.2 A pressure regulator or regulating system capable
of controlling the pressure within the vessel to ± 0.02
MPa, and with a capacity adequate to reduce the
PRESSURE GAUGE
OR SENSOR
PRESSURE
REGULATOR
NEEDLE VALVE
RUPTURE
DISH
COMPRESSED AIR
CYLINDER
TEMPERATURE
CONTROL
Fig. 4 Schematic Diagram of PAV Test System
FIG. 4 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF PAV TEST SYSTEM
5
IS 15799 : 2021
pressure from the source of compressed air so that the
pressure within the loaded pressure vessel is maintained
at 2.1 ± 0.1 MPa during the ageing process.
6.2.3 A slow release bleed valve that allows the pressure
in the vessel at the completion of the conditioning
procedure to be reduced from 2.1 MPa to local
atmospheric pressure within 8 to 15 min.
6.3 Temperature Controlling Devices
6.3.1 A digital temperature control device for
maintaining the temperature during ageing within the
pressure vessel at the ageing temperature of ± 0.5ºC.
6.3.2 A heating device (forced-draft oven or fluid bath)
capable of restoring the ageing temperature within the
vessel after loading the pans and the pan holder and
prior to pressurizing the vessel within 2 h of placing the
loading vessel in the heating device and maintaining
the temperature within the pressure vessel at the ageing
temperature ± 0.5°C.
6.3.3 A pressure vessel with integral temperature control
system that is capable of bringing the loaded pressure
vessel to the desired conditioning temperature ± 0.5°C
within 2 has recorded by the Resistance Temperature
Detector (RTD) inside the loaded pressure vessel and
maintaining the temperature within the pressure vessel
at the ageing temperature ± 0.5°C.
NOTE — Preheating the pressure vessel may be necessary to
achieve the ageing temperature within the required 2 h period.
BLEED VALVE
PRESSURE
RELIEF VALVE
NEEDLE
VALVE
RTD QUICK
DISCONNECT
P.A.V.
PRESSURE
VESSEL
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IS 15799 : 2021

TO TEMPERATURE b 1 > 10
TRANSDUCER AND FROM INSIDE
TEMPERATURE READOUT SURFACE OF
THE P.A.V.
WALL CLEARANCE > 10
b2 > 10
FROM TOP OF
ASPHALT BINDER

PROVIDE AT LEAST 5
CLEARANCE TO
NEAREST SURFACE
ASSEMBLY TO INCLUDE
PANS AND SUPPORT
10 Nos.TFOT PANS
SUPPORTED ON SHELF
OR STANDARDS,ENTIRE
ASSEMBLY SHALL BE
ASSEMBLY REMOVABLE AS AN
SUPPORT POINT INTEGRAL UNIT
a

(All Dimensions in Millimetres)

NOTES:
1 Distance ‘a’ controls the level of the pan.All
Thedimensions
assembly shallin be
millimetres.
supported at three or more support points. The distance ‘a’ measure
from each assembly support point to the bottom of the pan (top of shelf or pan support point) shall be controlled to ± 0.05 mm.
2 Distance FIG.
b1 and5bSCHEMATIC
2
DIAGRAM
shall be such that any active SHOWING
port ion of theLOCATION OF PANS
temperature transducer AND
is ≥10 mmRTD
fromWITHIN PAV
any adjacent surface.
3 Distance ‘c’ shall be ≥ 12mm.

Fig. 5 Schematic Diagram Showing Location of Pans and RTD within PAV

6.4 Temperature and Pressure Measuring Devices NOTES :

6.4.1 A platinum RTD accurate to the nearest 0.1°C for
measuring the temperature inside the pressure vessel.
The RTD shall be calibrated as an integral unit with its
respective meter or electronic circuitry.
NOTE — Verify the calibration of RTD and its respective
meter or electronic circuitry to 0.1°C at least every six months
using a calibrated temperature indicator traceable to a national
standard.
6.4.2 A strip chart recorder or other data acquisition
system capable of recording temperature throughout
the ageing process to ± 0.1°C. As an alternative, an
electronic device capable of reporting only maximum
and minimum temperatures (accurate to ± 0.1 °C) may
be used.
6.5 Pressure Gauge
A pressure gauge capable of measuring the pressure
in the pressure vessel to within ± 0.02 MPa during the
ageing process.
1 Calibrate the pressure gauge to an accuracy of 0.02 MPa at
least every six months.
2 For those vessels or PAV systems where pressurization is
operator-controlled, determine the optimum temperature at
which to apply pressure to the pressure vessel. Several ageing
runs should be conducted. With the vessel loaded with pan rack
and empty pans. increase the: temperature inside the vessel
to the ageing temperature, When the temperature inside the
vessel is within 10°C of the ageing temperature, apply an air
pressure of 2.1 ± 0.1 MPa. Record the temperature increase
when pressure is applied. Perform the procedure at least three
times and use the average temperature increase to establish
the temperature at which to apply pressure to the vessel for
performing the ageing procedure.
6.6 Stainless Steel Pans
A cylindrical pan, 140 mm inside diameter and 10
mm deep with a flat bottom. This shall be made of
aluminium or stainless steel approximately 0.76 mm
and 0.64 mm thick respectively. Fifty millilitres of the
sample in this size container give a film thickness of
approximately 3.2 mm

6
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6.7 Vacuum Oven
A vacuum oven capable of maintaining temperature
up to 180°C with an accuracy of ± 5°C and vacuum
of 15 ± 1.0 kPa absolute shall be used. The pressure
vessel itself may be used in lieu of a vacuum oven if it
is capable of maintaining a temperature of 180°C and a
vacuum of 15.0 kPa.
6.8 Vacuum System
A vacuum system capable of generating and maintaining
pressure below 15.0 kPa absolute, Suitable vacuum
systems include a vacuum pump, an air aspirator, or a
house vacuum system.
7 PROCEDURE
7.1 Place the pan holder inside the pressure vessel.
If an oven is used, place the pressure vessel inside
the oven, select an ageing temperature and preheat
the pressure vessel to the ageing temperature. If an
integrated temperature control pressure vessel is used,
one should select an ageing temperature and follow the
manufacturer’s instruction for preheating the pressure
vessel.
NOTE — For vessel s placed in an oven, preheating the vessel
to 10° to 15°C above the ageing temperature can be used to
reduce the drop in PAV temperature during the loading process
and minimize the time required to stabilize the system, after
loading to attain the required temperature.
7.2 Weigh 50 ± 0.5 g of above residue obtained from
RTFO treatment (from Section 1) into a stainless steel
cylindrical pan which will yield approximately 3.2 mm
thick film of residue.
7.3 Place the filled pans in the pan holder and place the
pan holder inside the pressure vessel and close it. If an
oven is used, place the pressure vessel inside the oven.
Wait until the temperature inside the vessel is within
10°C of the ageing temperature (100°C). Then, apply an
air pressure of 2.10 ± 0.1 MPa and then start timing the
test. If the temperature inside the vessel has not reached
the desired temperature for applying pressure within 2
h of loading the pan holder and pans, discontinue the
procedure and discard the residue samples.
7.4 Maintain the temperature and air pressure inside the
vessel for 20 h ± 10 min. If the temperature rises above
and falls below the target ageing temperature ± 0.5°C
for more than a total of 60 min during the 20 h ageing
period, discard the material. Also, if the pressure at the
end of ageing period is outside of the range, discard the
material.
7.5 At the end of 20 h ageing period, begin the slow
reduction of the internal pressure of the PAV, using the
air pressure bleed valve. The bleed valve is adjusted
7
IS 15799 : 2021
to an opening such that it equalizes the internal and
external pressures on the PAV within 8-15 min, thus
avoiding excessive bubbling and foaming of residue.
7.6 Vacuum Degas the Aged Samples
7.6.1 Remove the pan holder and pans from the PAV
and place the pan in an oven set to 163°C for 15 ± 1
min.
NOTE — PAV residue may be heated in the stainless steel pans
at 163°C and stirred to remove air bubbles. These precautions
will help avoid oxidative hardening and volatile loss that will
harden the sample. During the heating process, the sample
should be covered and stirred occasionally scraping the bottom
of the pans to ensure homogeneity.
7.6.2 Pre-heat the vacuum oven to 170 ± 5°C.
7.6.3 Remove the pans from the oven and pour the hot
residue from the pans containing a single sample into a
single container. Select a container of dimension such
that the depth of the residue in the container is between
15 mm and 40 mm. After the last pan is scraped,
transfer the container to the vacuum oven within 1min.
Maintain the temperature of vacuum oven at 170 ± 5°C
for 10 ± 1 min.
7.6.4 Open the vacuum valve as rapidly as possible to
reduce the pressure to 15 ± 2.5 kPa absolute. Maintain
absolute pressure at 15 ± 2.5 kPa for 30 ± 1 min.
Release the vacuum and remove the container. If any
bubbles remain on the surface of the residue, remove
them by flashing the surface of the residue with a torch
or hot knife.
7.6.5 If tests to determine the properties of degassed
PAV residue are not performed immediately, it is
permissible to cover and store the samples in their
containers at room temperature for future testing.
8 REPORT
The following information shall be reported:
a) Sample identification;
b) Ageing test temperature, nearest to 0.5 °C;
c) Maximum or the minimum ageing temperature,
recorded nearest to 0.1°C;
d) Total time during ageing that temperature was
outside the specified range, nearest minute; and
e) Total ageing time, hours and minutes.
9 PRECISION
Since this standard describes the procedure for ageing
of bitumen and bituminous material, and no testing
is mentioned, precision and bias statements are not
specified.
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IS 15799 : 2021

ANNEX A
( Foreword )
( Informative )

A-1 REPORT properly conducted tests. The values given in column 4

are the coefficients of variation that have been found to
A-1.1 Report the results from the RTFO test in terms of be appropriate for the materials and conditions of test
the physical changes in the bitumen brought about by described in column 1. The values given in column 5 are
this method. These values are obtained by performing the limits that should not be exceeded by the difference
appropriate standard tests on the asphalt before and between the results of two properly conducted tests
after the RTFO test. expressed as a percent of their mean.
A-1.2 When determined, report the average mass A-2.2 The precision of mass change measurements
change of the material in the two containers as a mass has been estimated based on an analysis of AASHTO
percent of the original material. Report this calculated Materials Reference Laboratory (AMRL) data
result to the nearest 0.001 percent. A mass loss shall be representing approximately 5900 repetitions of this
reported as a negative number while a mass gain shall test. The analysis indicates that the standard deviation
be reported as a positive number. of the test (1s) can be expressed as a function of the
NOTE — This test can result in either a mass loss or a mass mass change (X) by using the following equations:
gain. During the test, volatile components evaporate, causing a
decrease in mass, while oxygen reacts with the sample, causing Mass Change Single Operator Multi-Lab
an increase in mass. The combined effect determines whether
the sample has an overall mass gain or an overall mass loss. Standard Standard
Samples with a very low percentage of volatile components Deviation Deviation
usually will exhibit a mass gain, while samples with a high
(X) (1s) (1s)
percentage of volatile components usually will exhibit a mass
loss. If X ≤ -0.1 1s = 0.013 – 1s = 0.020 –
percent 0.070 (X) 0.200 (X)
A-2 PRECISION AND BIAS
If X > -0.1 1s = 0.020 1s = 0.040
A-2.1 Criteria for judging the acceptability of the percent
viscosity at 60°C and the ductility at 15.6°C test results
A-2.3 The 95 percent confidence limit for the acceptable
on the residue after heating are given in Table 1. The
range of two results (d2s) can be determined by
values given in column 2 are the standard deviations
multiplying the standard deviation (1s) estimates given
that have been found to be appropriate for the materials
in 10.2 by a factor of 2.83.
and conditions of test described in column 1. The values
given in column 3 are the limits that should not be A-2.4 This test method has no bias because the values
exceeded by the difference between the results of two determined are defined only in terms of the test method.

Table 1 Precision of Test on Residue

( Clause A-2.1 )

Test Methods Standard Deviation Acceptable Range of Coefficient of Variation Acceptable Range of
Two Results (percent of mean) Two Results
(percent of mean)
(1s) (d2s) (1s percent) (d2s percent)
Single-Operator Precision
Viscosity at 60°C — — 2.3 6.5
Ductility at 15.6°C 3 cm 9 cm — —
Multi-Laboratory Precision
Viscosity at 60°C — — 4.2 11.9
Ductility at 15.6°C 6 cm 16 cm — —

8
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IS 15799 : 2021

ANNEX B
( Foreword )

COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
Bitumen, Tar and Related Products Sectional Committee, PCD 06
Organization Representative(s)
CSIR-Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), Shri Satish Chandra (Chairman)
New Delhi Shri M. N. Nagabhushana
Dr B. P. Baruah (Alternate)
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (BPCL), Mumbai Shri M. K. Shevade
Central Building Research Institute (CBRI), Roorkee Dr Rajani Lakhani

Central Public Works Department (CPWD), Shri Divakar Agrawal

New Delhi
G R Infra-Projects Ltd, Gurgaon Shri U. C. Gupta
GP Global Asphalt Pvt Ltd, Gurgaon Shri Rajesh Kumar Jain
Indian Institute of Delhi (IIT Delhi) Dr Aravind Swamy
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IIT Roorkee) Dr Sham Sundar Ravindranath

National Rural Road Development Agency, Shri B. C. Pradhan

New Delhi
National Test House (NTH), Kolkata Shri Vinay Kumar
Personal Capacity Shri P. S. Kandhal
Shell Bitumen India Pvt. Ltd., Gurgaon Shri Nilanjan Sarker
Airport Authority of India (AAI), Delhi Shri Vinod Kumar Sharma
Shri Suprio Gosh (Alternate)
Ashoka Buildcon Ltd, Nashik Shri Ajit Patil
Shri Devendra Marode (Alternate)
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (BPCL), Kochi Shri Pradeep Kumar. T
Shri R. Raju (Alternate)
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (BPCL) R&D, Shri Sanjay Bhargava
Mumbai Smt Sonal Maheshwari (Alternate)
Bitchem Asphalt Technologies, Meghalaya Shri Hemanta Dutta
Shri Muzibur Rahman (Alternate)
Chennai Petroleum Corporation Ltd (CPCL), Chennai Dr S. Kumar
Shri H. Ramakrishnan (Alternate)
CSIR North East Institute of Science & Technology Dr Shashi D. Baruah
(NEIST), Jorhat Dr B. P. Baruah (Alternate)
Dilip Buildcon Ltd., Bhopal Shri B.b. Kameswara Rao
Dr Anush K. C. (Alternate)
Directorate of General Border Roads, Seema Sadak Shri Ashok Kumar
Bhawan, New Delhi Shri Umakant Kumar (Alternate)
Engineer-In-Chiefs Army HQ, New Delhi Shri R. Jayaprasad
Shri O. P. Srivatava (Alternate)
Highway Research Station, Chennai Ms R. Geetha
Shri T. S. Sundar (Alternate)

9
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IS 15799 : 2021

Organization Representative(s)
Hindalco Industries Ltd, Mumbai Shri K. Venkatesh
Shri Harshad Pandit (Alternate)
Hindustan Colas Ltd, Mumbai Shri T. K. Subhaash
Shri K. G. Ranganatha (Alternate)
Shri Harshad Pandit (Young Professional)
Shri K. Venkatesh (Young Professional)
Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited Shri B. Ravi
(HP Green R&D Center), Banglore Shri K.r. Krishna (Alternate)
Indian Institute of Petroleum (IIP), Dehradun Dr Manoj Srivastava
Shri Anand Singh (Alternate)
Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras) Dr J. Murali Krishnan
Dr A. Veeraraghavan (Alternate)
Indian Oil Corporation Ltd (Refinery Division), Shri S. M. Ukey
New Delhi Shri S. B. Lahkar (Alternate)
Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, R&D Centre, Faridabad Dr N.s. Raman
Dr I. Devotta (Alternate I)
Shri Dhanesh Kumar (Alternate II)
Indian Roads Congress, New Delhi Shri S. K. Nirmal
Shri R. V. Patil (Alternate)
Ministry of Defence (DGQA), New Delhi Shri Vivekanand
Shri Anil Kumbhare (Alternate I)
Shri Sachin Vinayak Zope (Alternate II)
Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, New Delhi Shri Sanjeev Kumar
Shri Varun Aggarwal (Alternate)
Nayara Energy Ltd, Mumbai Shri Mriganka Tarafdar
Shri Dhiraj Gondalia (Alternate)
Om Infracon Pvt Ltd, Guwahati Shri A. N. Das
Shri Digambar Deka (Young Professional)
Shri Manish Bajaj (Young Professional)
OOMS Polymer Modified Bitumen Pvt Ltd, Gurgaon Shri B. R. Tyagi
Shri Palash Kathal (Alternate)
Total Oil India Pvt Ltd, Mumbai Dr Pankaj Kumar Jain
Shri Gaurav Gogne (Alternate)
Zydex Industries Ltd, Vadodara Dr Ajay Ranka
Shri Himanshu Agarwal (Alternate)
Shri Vishal Salvja (Alternate)
BIS Directorate General Shri V. K. Diundi, Scientist ‘G’ and Head (PCD)
[ Representing Director General ( Ex-officio ) ]

Member Secretary
Smt Nisha Bura
Scientist ‘C’, BIS

10
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Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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