MNG 201 - Lect. (1), 2023 - 2024

10/8/2023
Higher Technological Institute (HTI), Mechanical Engineering

10th of Ramadan City Department
Project Management
(MNG 201)
First Term (2023- 2024)
1
Dr. Asmaa Soliman
Asmaa.soliman@hti.edu.eg
Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Project Management, Dr. Asmaa Ahmed Soliman
Course Plan
Quizzes Report Assignments Required Degre
2 Week Lectures [20 Degree] [10 Degree] [10 Degree] e
No.
Week # 1 Lecture (1) Quiz (1) 5
Week # 2 Lecture (2) Quiz (2) 10
Week # 3 Lecture (3) Quiz (1): (5 Degree) Report(1) 5
Week # 4 Lecture (4) Assignments 5
(1)
Week # 5 Lecture (5) Report(1): (5 Degree)
Quiz (3) 10
Week # 6 Lecture (6): Quiz (2): (5 Degree) Assignments (1): (5 Degree)
Revision Report(2) 5
Week # 7
Midterm: (20 Degree) Assignments 5

Week # 8
(2)
Week # 9 Lecture (7)
Midterm 20
Final Exam 40
Total 100
Week # 12 Lecture (10) Quiz (3): (10 Degree)
Week # 13 Lecture (11): Report(2): (5 Degree) Assignments (2): (5 Degree)

Revision
Week # 14 Final Exam: (40 Degree) Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.
Dr. Asmaa Soliman 1

10/8/2023
Covered Topics
3
1. Project Definition
2. Some Fields of Projects
3. Classification of Projects
4. Projects Success Measures
5. Project Management Definition
6. Project, Program and Portfolio Management Definitions
7. Organizational Project Management (OPM)
8. Project Management Office (PMO)
9. Project Manager Interpersonal Skills
10. Project Managers vs PMOs
11. Project Stakeholder Part (I)
12. Processes, Types of Processes, and the Key Similarities and PM Overview
Differences between Projects and Processes
13. Project Life Cycle Construction Project Life Cycle
14. Product Life Cycle Relation between Project Life Cycle &
Product Life Cycle
15. Project Manager Role
16. Project Constraints
17. Project Life Cycle Characteristics
18. Importance of Project Management References:
19. 24. Benefits of Project Management [1]. PMBOK® Guide – 3rd edition
Covered Topics
4 1. Organizational Structures Definition
2. Factors for Selecting Organizational structure type
3. Organizational structure types
4. Functional Organizational structure
5. Functional Organizational Structure Advantages And
Disadvantages
6. Matrix Organizational structure
Part (II)
7. Matrix Organizational Structure Advantages And Organizational
Disadvantages
8. Projectized Organizational structure
Structures
9. Projectized Organizational Structure Advantages And
Disadvantages
10. Project Characteristics and Organizational structure
1. Feasibility Studies for Construction Projects

2. Levels of Feasibility Study
3. Feasibility Study Report Part (III)
4. Feasibility Study Outline
5. Cash Flow Analysis
Feasibility Studies
6. Examples
References:
[1]. PMBOK® Guide – 3rd edition Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.
Dr. Asmaa Soliman 2

10/8/2023
Covered Topics
5 1. Construction Project Life Cycle
2. Construction Project Terminology
3. Work Breakdown structure (WBS)
4. Project Time Management Definition
5. Time management Process
5.1 Activity Definition
Part (IV)
5.2 Activity Sequencing (Project Time
5.3 Activity Resource Estimating:
5.4 Activity Duration Estimating:
Management)
5.5 Schedule Development
5.6 Schedule Control
References:
[1]. PMBOK® Guide – 3rd edition

Covered Topics
6 1. Activity & Scope
2. Planning Process
3. Time management (Project Planning)
4. Activities Sequence Represented (Activity Relation Types)
5. Bar chart (Gant Chart)
6. Activity On Arrow (AOA); Part (V)
7. Solved Examples on Activity On Arrow (A.O.A)
8. Activity On Node (AON) (Project Networks)
9. Solved Examples on Activity On Node (A.O.N) (Bar Chart), (AOA), (AON) and PERT
10. Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)
11. Solved Examples on Program Evaluation and Review
Technique (PERT)
References:

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 3

10/8/2023
7
Covered Topics
1. Reduction Project Management
2. Reasons for imposed project duration dates
3. Options for Accelerating Project Completion
4. What happens when a project takes too long ? Part (VI)
5. How do we reduce project duration? Project Reduction
6. Difference Between Normal and Crash
7. Constructing a Project Cost–Duration Graph
8. Solved Examples on Reduction Project Duration
References:

8
Covered Topics
1. Risk Management Definition

2. Risk Management Process Part (VII)
3. Risk Management Approaches
4. Risk Management Factors Risk Management
References:

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 4

10/8/2023
Higher Technological Institute (HTI), Mechanical Engineering

10th of Ramadan City Department
Lecture (1)
Project Management: An Overview
First Term (2023- 2024)
9
Dr. Asmaa Soliman
Asmaa.soliman@hti.edu.eg

Project Definition
10
 Project, whether it is in construction or not, is a temporary
endeavor undertaken to accomplish a unique a service or result.
 A complex, non routine, one-time effort limited by time, budget,
resources, and performance specifications designed to meet
customer needs.
Projects Characteristics
A defined goal A defined beginning

or objective and end
Specific tasks to Resources being

be performed. consumed.

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 5

10/8/2023
Temporary
11
1. Definite beginning and end People (D&S)
2. End is reached when the project objectives have been achieved Price
3. Market window Place
Promotion
4. Ad hoc team ‫ فريق متخصص‬For This Purpose
is an iterative
Unique process which
the details of
1. Something new project
management
2. Size does not matter: New airliner plan and
amount of
3. Requires progressive elaboration ‫التحسين التدريجي‬ information will
Progressive increase.
In this process
 Proceeding in steps-Continuing steadily in increments initial estimates
of items such as
Elaboration project scope
 Worked out with care and detail - Developed thoroughly description,
planning,
budget, etc. will
become more
accurate
12 Major Characteristics of a Project

1. Has an established objective.
2. Has a defined life span with a beginning and an end.
3. Requires across-the-organizational participation.
4. Involves doing something never been done before.
5. Has specific time, cost, and performance requirements.

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 6

10/8/2023
13

Some Fields of Projects
 Developing a new product or service such as designing

a new transportation vehicle
 Getting a new or modified data system

‫حملة‬
 Running a campaign for political office
14  Improving a business process

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 7

10/8/2023
15
Steps Required
??????

16

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 8

10/8/2023
17

18

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 9

10/8/2023
Classification of Project
19
 Every Project is different from one another. Projects can be classified
based on several different points.
 The classification of projects in project management varies according to
a number of different factors
Factors of Project
Classification
Source of
Purpose Involved Content Complexity
Capital

According to Complexity:
20  Easy: A project is classified as easy when the relationships between tasks are
basic and detailed planning. A small work team and a few external stakeholders.
 Complicated: There are many task interdependencies. This type of project
requires proper planning. Here, the importance of project management and how
an effective tool could help to meet project constraints.
According to the Source of Capital: ‫وفقا لمصدر رأس المال‬
 Public: Financing comes from Governmental institutions.

 Private: Financing comes from businesses or private companies.
 Mixed: Financing comes from a mixed source of both public and private
funding.

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 10

10/8/2023
According to Project content:

21
 Construction: These are projects that have anything to do with the construction
of civil or architectural work. Construction is an engineering project and the
process of planning its execution must be done to achieve the desired outcome.
 IT: Any project that has to do with software development, IT system, etc.
 Business: These projects are involved with the development of a business idea,
management of a work team, cost management, etc., and they usually follow a
commercial strategy.
 Service or product production: These are projects that involve the
development of an innovative product or service, design of a new product, etc.

According to those Involved:

22
 Departmental: When a certain department or area of an organization is
involved.
 Internal: When a whole company itself is involved in the project’s
development.
 External: When a company outsources external project manager or teams
to execute the project. This is common in digital transformations, process
improvements and strategy changes


10/8/2023
According to its Objective:

23
 Production: Oriented at the production of a product or service taking into
consideration a certain determined objective to be met by an organization.
 Social: Oriented at the improvement of the quality of life of people.
Educational: Oriented at the education of others. This is always done to make
them better.
 Community: Oriented at people too, however with their involvement.
 Research: Oriented at innovation and the gaining of knowledge to enhance the
operational efficiency of an organization.

Project Success Measures

 Project success occurs when the expectations of
the project sponsor or client are met
 Business outcomes have been realized
 Timeframe and budget have been delivered
 Quality and scope requirements have been
delivered
24

Project Management, Dr. Mahmoud Malek, Dr. Asmaa Ahmed Soliman

10/8/2023
Project Management Definition

25
Is the application of knowledge areas, skills, tools and techniques
applied to project activities to deliver project requirements.
 Project management typically includes:

 Identifying requirements, addressing stakeholder expectations to ensure the
project is planned and executed correctly,
 Balancing competing project constraints such as time, cost, quality and scope,
and reducing the impact of risks.
 The project management team is responsible for determining what ideas and
practices are appropriate for any given project.
 The art of organizing, leading, reporting and completing a project through people .
Source – Adapted from PMBOK, 5th Edition
26
Project Management Definition

Source – Adapted from PMBOK, 5th Edition

10/8/2023
Benefits of Project Management

27

28
Advantages of Using Formal Project Management
1. Better control of financial, physical, and human resources

2. Improved customer relations
3. Shorter development times
4. Lower costs
5. Higher quality and increased reliability
6. Higher profit margins
7. Improved productivity
8. Better internal coordination
9. Higher worker morale


10/8/2023
The growth in new knowledge has

Importance of Project Management increased the complexity of
projects
29
Increased
competition
• Factors leading to the increased use of The threat of global warming has
brought sustainable business practices
to the fore-front. Businesses can no
has placed a
premium on
customer
project management: longer simply focus on maximizing profit
to the detriment of the environment and
society. Efforts to reduce carbon imprint
satisfaction.
Customers no
longer simply
1. Compression of the product life cycle and utilize renewable resources are
realized through effective project
management.
settle for
generic 2. Knowledge explosion The impact of this movement towards
sustainability can be seen in changes in
products and
the objectives and techniques used to
services. They
want 3. Triple bottom line (planet, people, profit) complete projects.
customized
Corporate Downsizing: restructuring of
products and
services that 4. Corporate downsizing organizational life. Downsizing (or
cater to their rightsizing if you are still employed) and
specific needs.
This mandate 5. Increased customer focus sticking to core competencies have
become necessary for survival for many
requires a firms.
much closer
working 6. Small projects represent big problems Corporate downsizing has also led to a
change in the way organizations
relationship approach projects. Companies
between the outsource significant segments of
provider and project work, and project managers
the receiver. have to manage not only their own
people but also their counterparts in
Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City. different organizations.
Benefits of an Integrative Approach to Project

30 Management
Integration (or centralization) of project management provides senior
management with:
1. An overview of all project management activities
2. A big picture of how organizational resources are used
3. A risk assessment of their portfolio of projects ‫تقييم المخاطر‬
4. A rough metric of the firm’s improvement in managing projects
relative to others in the industry ‫مقياس تقريبي لتحسن الشركة في إدارة المشاريع مقارنة باﻵخرين في الصناعة‬
5. Linkages of senior management with actual project execution

management ‫روابط اﻹدارة العليا مع اﻹدارة الفعلية لتنفيذ المشاريع‬


10/8/2023
9 Project Management Knowledge Areas

31

32 9 Project Management Knowledge Areas

 Knowledge areas describe the key competencies that
project managers must develop
‫تصف مجاﻻت المعرفة الكفاءات الرئيسية التي يجب على مديري المشاريع تطويرها‬
– 4 core knowledge areas lead to specific project objectives

(scope, time, cost, and quality)
– 4 facilitating knowledge areas are the means through
which the project objectives are achieved (human
resources, communication, risk, and procurement
management) ،‫هي الوسيلة التي يتم من خﻼلها تحقيق أهداف المشروع )الموارد البشرية‬
(‫ وإدارة المشتريات‬،‫ والمخاطر‬،‫واﻻتصاﻻت‬
– 1 knowledge area (project integration management)

affects and is affected by all of the other knowledge areas


10/8/2023
Project Management Framework

33 Enterprise
project
management
(EPM) is the
discipline of
managing
multiple
projects
happening at
the same
time within
an
organization.
‫هو نظام إدارة‬

‫مشاريع متعددة‬
‫تحدث في نفس‬
‫الوقت داخل‬
‫المنظمة‬

The Triple Project Constraints

34
How long
should it take to
complete?
What should it What is the project

cost? trying to accomplish?
 It is the project manager’s duty to balance these three often competing goals

10/8/2023
The Triple Project Constraints

35
 Successful project
management means
meeting all three
goals (scope, time,
and cost) – and
satisfying the
project’s sponsor.

Project Constraints
36
How long
should it take to
complete?
What should it What is the project

cost? trying to accomplish?


10/8/2023
Program Management Definition

37
 Grouping related projects in order to manage and co-ordinate the
outcomes and enhance the achievement of benefits
‫تجميع المشاريع‬
‫ذات الصلة من أجل‬
‫إدارة وتنسيق‬
Program ‫النتائج وتعزيز‬
‫تحقيق الفوائد‬
Project #A Project # B Project #c
Sub project
Sub project A2
A1

Project Management, Dr. Mahmoud Malek, Dr. Asmaa Ahmed Soliman Source – Adapted from PMBOK, 5th Edition
Portfolio Management Definition

38
 Grouping of a collection of projects or programs together so they can be
managed as a whole in order to achieve strategic business objectives.
 The focus is on prioritization of resource allocation so that the
portfolio objectives are aligned to organizational strategies.
Portfolio Management
Portfolio
project Program
Manga. Manga.
Programs #1 Programs #2 Programs#3 Programs#....etc.
Project #A Project # B Project #c
Sub project A1 Sub project A2


10/8/2023
Major Functions of Portfolio Management

39 .‫اﻹشراف على اختيار المشروع‬
 Oversee project selection.
 Monitor aggregate resource levels and skills. ‫رصد مستويات الموارد اﻹجمالية والمهارات‬
 Encourage use of best practices.

 Balance projects in the portfolio in order to represent a risk level appropriate to
the organization.
 Improve communication among all stakeholders.
.‫إنشاء منظور تنظيمي شامل يتجاوز التفكير‬
 Create a total organization perspective that goes beyond thinking.
 Improve overall management of projects over time.

Organizational Project Management (OPM)

40
 Organizational project
management (OPM) is
the framework used to
align project, program,
and portfolio
management practices
with organizational
strategy and
 Its objectives is to
deliver organizational
strategy to produce
better performance and
better results.
Project Management, Dr. Asmaa Ahmed Soliman Source – Adapted from (PMI, 2013a, p. 3

10/8/2023
Project Management Office

41 (PMO)
 Primary function of a PMO is to support project managers by:
1) Managing shared resources
2) Specifying and developing the project management methodology,
best practice, standards and tools
3) Coaching, mentoring, training and career management
4) Project assurance and compliance with methodologies and standards
5) Coordinating communication across projects and within the project
management community
6) Project reviews and health checks to ensure projects are running
according to plans and expected outcomes

Project Management, Dr. Asmaa Ahmed Soliman Source – Adapted from (PMI, 2013a, p. 3
42
Project Manager Interpersonal Skills
 Project Managers require important interpersonal skills to assist in
the effective management of projects, specifically in the
achievement of project objectives and success criteria by:
1. Leadership 7. Political and Cultural Awareness

2. Team Building 8. Negotiation
3. Motivation 9. Conflict management
4. Communication 10. Coaching
5. Influencing
6. Decision Making

Project Management, Dr. Asmaa Ahmed Soliman Source – PMBOK, 5th Edition, Appendix X3 Interpersonal Skills

10/8/2023
43 Project Managers vs PMOs

Project Managers PMOs
1. Objectives: Focusing on the project 1. Objectives: Managing the major
objectives program scope changes to optimize
2. Resource: Controlling the assigned achievement of broader business
project resources to best meet project objectives
objectives 2. Resources: Optimizing the use of
3. Constraints: Managing the constraints shared organizational resources
of the individual project (scope, time, 3. Constraints: Managing
cost, quality, risk etc.) methodologies, standards, overall risks

44 Project Management Tools and Techniques

 Project management tools and techniques assist project managers
and their teams in various aspects of project management
• Some specific ones include
– Project Charter, scope statement, and WBS (work breakdown structure)
(scope)
– Gantt charts, network diagrams, critical path analysis, critical chain
scheduling (time)
– Cost estimates and earned value management (cost)


10/8/2023

SWOT analysis diagram Cause and effect diagram


10/8/2023
A Stakeholder Definition
47
 Is individuals and organizations
who are actively involved in
the project, or
 whose interests may be
positively or negatively
affected as a result of project
execution or successful project
completion
 These stakeholders help the
project management team to
complete the project
successfully.

Project Management, Dr. Asmaa Ahmed Soliman Source: (Project Management Institute (PMI®), 1996)
48
A Stakeholder Definition (Continued)
Internal stakeholders are within the External stakeholders are outside the
organization for example: organization for example:
1. A sponsor 1. An external customer or client (if
2. An internal customer or client (if the project is a result of a contract)
the project is for an internal need 2. A supplier
of an organization) 3. Subcontractors
3. A project team 4. The government
4. A program manager 5. Local authorities
5. A portfolio manager 6. Local communities
6. Management 7. The media
7. Another group’s manager (e.g.,
functional manager, operational
manager, admin manager, etc.).
Project Management, Dr. Asmaa Ahmed Soliman Source: (Project Management Institute (PMI®), 1996)

10/8/2023
Sponsor:
49
 A sponsor is a person or group who provides supplies and support
for the project and is liable for assisting success. He may be
external or internal to the organization.
Customers and Users:
 Customers are the people or organizations who will approve and
manage the project’s product, service, or result.
 Users, as clear from the name, use the product.
Suppliers:
 Traditionally, suppliers might have been considered
to be organizations contracted to provide physical
supplies such as goods, materials, labors, and so on,

50 Stakeholder Engagement process
1. Identify Stakeholders
2. Assess needs ‫تقييم اﻻحتياجات‬
3. Define actions ‫تحديد اﻹجراءات‬

4. Establish communication channels
5. Gather feedback ‫جمع التعليقات‬
6. Monitor and review


10/8/2023
51 The Challenge of Project Manager

 The Project Manager
1. Manages temporary, non-repetitive activities and frequently acts
independently of the formal organization.
• Marshals resources for the project.
• Is linked directly to the customer interface.
• Provides direction, coordination, and integration
to the project team.
• Is responsible for performance and success of the project.
2. Must induce the right people at the right time to address the right
issues and make the right decisions.

52 Process
A process is defined by cycles. Also it has a beginning,
middle, and end; however, this cycle repeats itself over an
average period of time.
Allowing you to control results, and improve task time and
cycle time
Getting a clear understanding of what each team member is
doing


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53
Similarity between Projects and Processes
There is a Clear Similarity between Projects and Processes
Both projects and processes carried out by individuals.
Both are subject to restrictions including resources, schedule,
risks and others.
Both are planned, implemented and controlled.
Both are designed to achieve organizational and/or strategic
objectives

54 Key Differences between Projects and Processes

The project ends at some point, while process continue
along the life of the product.
The project may contain unpredictable elements, while
process elements are predictable and replicable.


10/8/2023
55 An Overview of Project Management

56


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10/8/2023

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), Mechanical Engineering

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Midterm: (20 Degree) Assignments 5

Week # 13 Lecture (11): Report(2): (5 Degree) Assignments (2): (5 Degree)

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 1

1. Feasibility Studies for Construction Projects

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 2

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 3

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

1. Risk Management Definition

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 4

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), Mechanical Engineering

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

A defined goal A defined beginning

Specific tasks to Resources being

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 5

12 Major Characteristics of a Project

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 6

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Some Fields of Projects

 Developing a new product or service such as designing

 Getting a new or modified data system

14  Improving a business process

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 7

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 8

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 9

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

According to the Source of Capital: ‫وفقا لمصدر رأس المال‬

 Public: Financing comes from Governmental institutions.

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 10

According to Project content:

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

According to those Involved:

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 11

According to its Objective:

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Project Success Measures

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 12

Project Management Definition

 Project management typically includes:

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 13

Benefits of Project Management

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

1. Better control of financial, physical, and human resources

Higher Technological Institute (HTI), 10th of Ramadan City.

Dr. Asmaa Soliman 14

The growth in new knowledge has