Working Report 2009-33

Chemical and Geotechnical Analyses 01

Soil Samples lrom OIkiluoto lor Studies
on Sorption in Soils

Merja Lusa, Kirsi Ammala

Martti Hakanen. Jukka Lehto

Anne-Maj Lahdenpera

May 2009

POSIV A OY

F I_/7 1"_Cl F lJ P ;,_''' K I_ F I N IA Nro

T. I ,1" ~ _?_R " 7?:1 1
 Working Report 2009-33

Chemical and Geotechnical Analyses 01

Soil Samples lrom Olkiluoto lor Studies
on Sorption in Soils
Merja Lusa. Kirsi Ammala

Martti Hakanen. Jukka Lehto

University of Helsinki

Department of Chemistry

Laboratory of radiochemistry

Anne-Maj Lahdenpera

Pbyry Environment Qy

May 2009

W orkil'>! Ikports cont~in intorm~tion on 'NOrk in ~r ou r0 ~ ~

or l""ndinQ compl e tion.

Th~ ,x,,,clusi,,,,s ."d vi.,"",x,inl~ ,,,~s.nl ••d I" Ih~ "',HI

.'H IlmSH "r .ulh",ls! ~nd d" ,,,,I "H,,~s"",lly

c ri ""i de with tho ,e 01 Po , iv ~ .

ABSTRACT

The safety assessment of disposal of spent nuclear fuel will include an estimate on the
behavior of nuclear waste nuclides in the biosphere. As a part of this estimate also the
transfer of nuclear waste nuclides in the soil and sediments is to be considered. In this
study soil samples were collected from three excavator pits in Olkiluoto and the
geotechnical and chemical characteristics of the samples were determined. In later stage
these results will be used in sorption tests. Aim of these tests is to determine the Kd-
values for Cs, Tc and I and later for Mo, Nb and Cl. Results of these sorption tests will
be reported later.

The geotechnical characteristics studied included dry weight and organic matter content
as well as grain size distribution and mineralogy analyses. Selective extractions were
carried out to study the sorption of cations into different mineral types. The extractions
included five steps in which the cations bound to exchangeable, carbonate, oxides of Fe
and Mn, organic matter and residual fractions were determined. For all fractions ICP-
MS analyses were carried out. In these analyses Li, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni,
Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Cd, Cs and Pb were determined. In addition six profiles were
taken from the surroundings of two excavator pits for the 137Cs determination. Besides
the samples taken for the characterization of soil, supplement samples were taken from
the same layers for the separation of soil water. From the soil water pH, DOC, anions
(F, Cl, N0 3 , S04) and cations (Na, Mg, K, Ca, AI, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, S, Cd,
Cs, Pb, U) were determined.

Keywords: soil, soil water, geotechnical characteristics, sequential extractions, sorption

SORPTIOKOKEISSA KAYTETTAVIEN OLKILUODON MAAPERA-
NAYTTEIDEN KEMIALLlNEN SEKA GEOTEKNINEN KARAKTERISOINTI

TIIVISTELMA

Kaytetyn ydinjatteen loppusijoituksen turvallisuusanalyysi sisaltaa arvion ydin-

jatenuklidien kayttaytymisesta biosfaarissa. Osana arviota tulee huomioida ydinjate-
nuklidien kulkeutuminen maaperassa ja sedimenteissa. Tassa tutkimuksessa kerattiin
maaperanaytteita kolmesta kaivinkonekuopasta Olkiluodon alueelta ja maaritettiin nayt-
teiden geotekniset seka kemialliset ominaisuudet. Myohemmassa vaiheessa naita tulok-
sia hyodynnetaan sorptiokokeiden yhteydessa. Sorptiokokeiden tavoitteena on maarittaa
Kd-arvoja cesiumille, teknetiumille ja jodille, seka myohemmin myos molybdeenille,
niobiumille seka kloorille. Sorptiokokeiden tulokset raportoidaan myohemmin.

Tassa tutkimuksessa maaritetyt geotekniset ominaisuudet olivat maanaytteiden kuiva-

paino, orgaanisen aineksen maara, raekokojakauma seka mineraalikoostumus. Faasi-
selektiivisia uuttoja kaytettiin kationien mineraaleihin tapahtuvan sorption tutkimiseksi.
Faasiselektiiviset uutot koostuivat viidesta uuttovaiheesta. Uuttovaiheilla pyrittiin erot-
telemaan vaihtuvat kationit, karbonaatteihin sitoutuneet kationit, raudan ja mangaanin
oksideihin sitoutuneet kationit, seka orgaaniseen ainekseen sitoutuneet kationit. Lisaksi
viimeisessa uuttovaiheessa maaritettiin kuningasveteen uuttuvat kationit, jotka eivat
uuttuneet neljaan ensimmaiseen uuttoliuokseen. Kaikista uuttofraktioista maaritettiin
ICP-MS:lla Li, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Cd, Cs
seka Pb. Lisaksi otettiin kuusi maaperaprofiilia kaivinkonekuoppien laheisyydesta 137CS
-maarityksiin. Maaperan karakterisointiin kaytettyjen naytteiden lisaksi kaivinkone-
kuopista otettiin erillisia naytteita maaveden erotusta varten. Maavedesta maaritettiin
pH, DOC, anionit (F, Cl, N0 3 , S04) seka kationit (Na, Mg, K, Ca, AI, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni,
Cu, Zn, As, S, Cd, Cs, Pb, U).

Avainsanat: maapera, maavesi, geotekniset ominaisuudet, faasiselektiiviset uutot,

sorptio
TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT

TII VISTELMA

1 INTRODUCTION ".".".".".".".".".". ,.".".".". ",.".".".".".".".".".".".".".".".".".".,3

2 SAMPLING AND PRETREATMENT. 5
3 ANALYSIS METHODS 13
3,1 Geotechnical characteristics of soil samples. ,,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,. , 13
3,11. Determinatioo of dry matter cootent and proportioo of organic matter 13
3,1.2. Determinatioo of grain siz:e and mineralogical analyses 13
3,2, Chemical characteristics of soil samples 14
3.2,1. Determinatioo of pH of soil samples 14
3,2,2. Sequential extractions ,14
4 RESULTS ,.".".".".".".".".".".".".".".".".". , 17
4,1 Dry matter content, organic matter content and pH. 17
4,2 Grain siz:e distribution and mineralogy 20
4,3 Sequential extractions 24
4.4, "'Cs in soil prOfiles.".".".".".".".".". ,.".".".,.". .29
4,5 pH and diss~ved organic carbon in soil s~utioo. 30
4,6, Anions in the soil solution. ,.".".".".".".".".".,.". . 32
4,7 Cations in the soil solution 34
5 SUMMARY 41
REFERENCES ".".".".".".".".".".". ,.".".".".". ",.".".".".".".".".".".".".".".".".". ,43
APPENDIX 1 Grain siz:e distributioo,. 45
APPENDIX 2 Minerals. 47
APPENDIX 3 XRD spectra ".".".".".". ,.".".".".".".,.".".".".".".".".".".,'.".".".". . 51
APPENDIX 4 ICP-MS analysis results. · 129
APPENDIX 5 "'Cs activity in soil .145
APPENDIX 6 pH and DOC of the soil solution. ,.".,.".".".".".".".".".".".".".".".,.147
APPENDIX 7 Anion concentratioo in soil solution · 149
APPENDIX 8 Catioo concentratioo in soil solution. · 151
2
 3

1 INTRODUCTION

The disposal of spent fuel from the Finnish nuclear power reactors at Olkiluoto,
Eurajoki and Hastholmen, Loviisa is planned to take place in a repository to be
constructed in Olkiluoto bedrock. The safety assessment will include an estimate on the
behavior of nuclear waste nuclides in the biosphere. As a part of this estimation the
migration and sorption of radionuclides in soils is to be considered. A research
programme was established in 2008 to investigate the migration of the long lived
radionuclides originating from the spent nuclear fuel in soil. For this study also the
characterization of soil and soil water is needed. The results of the characterization of
the soil and soil water samples are reported in this report. In this report the main results
of these studies are presented. The obtained results will be further analyzed and the
results from these analyses and the sorption tests will be reported later.

Soil samples were collected in May 2008 from three different excavator pits located on
Olkiluoto Island: OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and OL-KK16 (Fig. 1). Samples were taken
from organic layer and from four to five mineral layers depending on the sampling site.
The samples were dried and dry weight, organic matter content and pH were
determined. Also grain size and mineralogical analysis were carried out. The
characteristics affecting the sorption of radionuclides were studied using sequential
extractions. These extractions were used to receive information about the ion-exchange
characteristics of the soil as well as information about the different metal fractions
bound by organic matter, carbonates and oxides of iron and manganese.

Besides the samples taken for the characterization of soil, supplement samples were
taken from the same layers for the separation of soil water. Cations and anions of the
soil solution were analyzed.

In addition six profiles were taken for the 137 Cs determination.

Samples taken from the excavator pits were in addition used in sorption tests. In these
tests the results of soil solution analysis and sequential extractions will be used. Aim of
these tests is to determine the Kd-values for Cs, Tc and I and later for Mo, Nb and Cl.
Results of these tests will be reported later.
 4

Figure 1. L<xations of the sampling sites OL-AKU, OL-AK15 and OL-KK16 if!
OW/u%
 5

2 SAMPLING AND PRETREATMENT

Sampl'" li,T lh" soli charad~l;~.ali()n \w.-., w.k"n li-om diH"'",nl s()il h{)l;~"ns ~xl"nding
li-0111 Ih" soil sllrl"-<;,, <1:."",,,10 J:,.,drl><:k. The sampling ixn;mns " . ~", ,,,kdeu "11.,,r visual
examination done by hydrog~ochemist Anne-lYlaj bhdenpera. The soil horizons of the
excavator pits OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and OL-KK16 arc presented in l'igmcs 2-4. The
sampk;; w~r~ taken \.irh a ,hovel and conscrved in plastic hags. After transported to the
Lahmat<lr: of Radiochcmi;;(ry, lhe ;;ampks were weighted and dried ,itkr in fr,c~.c
ur;-,er or drying: ovell. Cla;-,e}' li-a~li,,"s W<'r" dried using I",e~" dr}-er. Olh"r min"mi s()il
lay~rs as well as org,mil- lay"rs w"r" dli~d in a (Jrying ov~n in open ~"ramic 1x",..·1s.
Mineml Sillllpks wel'~ dried in I ~TC for 3-4 days d ~pending on the moisture cont~nt of
thc smuplc. Tile moisturc oftilc smuplc was dctermincd visually. for the organic lllycrs
a tempcratur~ of +60 "C wa, used. Drying tim~ for th~ organic ,amples wa, 3-5 days .
.'licr drjing th~ samples w~r~ weighlcd. [n this r~p<ln all lhc r~;;u[t;; rcp<lrkd in mas,
lLnilS a", urj' weighl mas",s an~T uT:'ing III -40 i -tiO 'C . III [;-~ez~ drj'~T From lhe
dried samples a 3 gram "-li<'luol ,>,'as taken ['OT the delel111inal.ion 01" UT)' maller "-,l()
organic matt~r content and I1 20 g aliquot for the determination of pIt R~ sts of the drkd
smuplcs wcrc scnt to thc Gcological Survcy of i'iullllld (JispooJ for sicving. gmin size
analysis and min~ralogieal analysis. The finest fraction «0.063 mm) was further ,~nd
t<l I,ahlillm I.!d. (Kuopio) for thc grain si~.c analj,is.

OL-KK14

Humus
MS1 Sandy til[

MS2 Sandy lill

Tesl pil MS3 Sandy lill

• with SDme stOnes

MS4 Clay
_ OOinogenous

Groundwater table

Weathered bedrock
Pegmatitic granite
bedrock
Figure 2. The ,m;1 h(lri~(I"'" '!(e.:'«'ffi"'/(lr 1';/ Of.- KK 14. (!';c/ure i>y l."hJelll'eriij
 "
OL-KK15

Humus
MS! Sand

silty/clayish till
Test pit
MS3 Fine sand
- with som" "tt>r"leS
- straHlied

MS4 Clay
- with some fine sand Ien.es

MS5 Coarse-grained
sandy till
- with some stone.
-loo ... arid ",,"st

Groondwater table
Veined gneiss
bedrock

Figure 3. lire IOiI horizons of excavator pit OL-KKl j. (l'iclllre in LaJrdenpcra)

 7

OL-KK16
Depth cm ,1--_ _ _-=5;.:.00::...c;::.m.:.!....-_ _ _--I
o
10 Humus
MS 1 Coarse sand
30
MS2 Sand
~ r-~~~-~~--~~~

• MS3 Fine to coarse sand

Test pit
• . . ..~ ' ... .' .
. '. '. :- :. '. . ..• . . .... e.
:
- Satakunta sandstones

MS4 Sand/sandy till

- bottom more loose

.. ,:.. .:'... :. :. :.

l;~'Y~k .
: ::. ;':: ',-:. ..

300 ~~~~~~~~~~ Veined gneiss\

315 t:: stromatic gneiss bedrock

Figure 4. The soil horizons of excavator pit OL-KKI6. (Picture by Lahdenpera)

Table 1 shows the soil sampling locations in Finnish National Coordinate System. In
Table 2 the sampling depths and the soil type classification are shown. In Figures 5 - 7
the photographs of the excavator pits OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and OL-KK16 are shown.

Table 1. The Coordinates of the sampling sites in Finnish National Coordinate System
(KKJI).
Coordinates
Pit X Y Z
OL-KK14 1525630.537 6791925.639 6.174
OL-KK15 1526567.094 6793022.048 2.441
OL-KK16 1528024.985 6792108.214 2.322
 8

Table 2. Soil sampling layers and soil type classifications (by hydrogeochemist Anne-
Ma} Lahdenpera}.

Layer Description Thickness Sampling Soil type Vegetation Location

of sampling depth
soil layer/
horizon
OL- cm cm Tree species: Pine, Between
KK14 spruce, (juniper, birch) the
Undergrowth: Blueberry, Olkiluoto
lingonberry, moss, grass, main road
wood anemone andFIP4
Humus 5 0-5
MSl Brownish grey,
undeveloped horizon 15 5-20 Sandy till
MS2 Brownish grey, some
stones 38 20-60 Sandy till
MS3 Brownish, very stony,
tight 48 60-105 Sandy till
MS4 Blueish 1l0-l30 105-240 Clay
OL- Tree species: Quite Harbour
KK15 young birches, next to it road
dense old spruce forest.
Undergrowth: Mainly
grass, lingonberry, moss,
may lily
Humus 7 0-7
MSl Stones, sandy lenses 40 7-50 Sand
MS2 Fine -
grained
Stones, sandy lenses, silty/
some stratification 32 50-80 clayish till
MS3 some sandy lenses on
the top 30 80-110 Fine sand
MS4 Big stones, brownish,
loose, moist 53 1l0-160 Clay
MS5 Coarse-
160-260 grained
Stones, sandy lenses 95 sandy till
OL- Tree species: Spruce Rummin-
KK16 (quite old), few birches. pera road
Undergrowth: Moss,
grass, lingonberry
Humus 10 0-10
MSl Brownish, some Coarse
stones 22 10-30 sand
MS2 Greenish brown,
some stones 15-20 30-50 Sand
MS3 Fine to
Round stones (some coarse
Satakunta sandstones) 60 50-110 sand
MS4 Some big stones/
boulders, greyish,
bottom more loose 110-300 Sand/sand
(GW close?) 170-190 y till
R",id", Ih" ''''TIpl''' taken I{,r ll,e ~ham~leri/aliol1 01' 'oil, supplemenl samples were
tllken Ii-om the 'IIm~ 1:ty~r; using liv~ 1I11d 11 h~II' c~nljm~l~rs long pl:u;lic ~ylillders with
:111 imler di:mld~r of 4.6 centillleters, These sllmpks were frozen and sent to Finnish
l'orest Rcsearch lnstinne (/v1crh Rovaniellli) for the scpmntion of >oil watcr. Thcre also
pH and dis:wlvcd organic carbon (DOe) of the ,oil water w~r~ dd~rmined. The sampk,
t"ken ror the s.nil s.nllLtion "'-1mration wer~ ddrost~d ~nd the s.nil s.nllLtion waS <;cparat~d
Irom the s"mpl'" hy centril'l.lgmiol1. TI,e ~enlril'lLged ,0llLtion w~s dill.lled to 50
lllilliliters and filtered through a 0.45 ,tm mcmbranc filter (Whatman MU membranc
filter). A 2x5 ml aliquot was takcn for the UOC analysis (method ROL VAO), SI'S-U!\
1484) and a 10 ml aliquot rot' the pH (melhod ROLV . \02, SFS 3021) m~a<'lLr~menl
Re,t or the ,ample (-,Oml) wa, ,~l\l lO the Lniver,il) or Hehinki, D~paTlm~lll or
Gtogr~phy I'or the TCP-\fS (At>~ltnt 7';00,e) ~nd TC ~n~lysis,

In "ddition six samples we"" taken Ii-om the 'lL1TOUndil1 gs or ex~a valor pi ls 0 L-K K 'I 5
imd OT,-KK16 using" 22 ,e11limelers long soil sample ,orer wilh an ill1ltr di~meler 01'
10.4 centimeters. These SlIlllpleS were dried ~nd their Cs-13 7 contents were determined
millg gmmnaspcctromctry in the Laboratory of Radiochcmistry,

Figure 5. ucarator pir OL-1:.1:.1 -/, (l'iclllre by Lahdenpeni)

 10

Fif:ure 6. nxcavator pi/ OL-KK 15. (1' iet"n' by Lahd''fIJlt'I"ii)

 11

Figure 7. r.xmv"/o/" pil (n-K K 1r, (f' i(;lUr" hy L"hd"npaii)

12
 13

3 ANAL VSIS METHODS

3.1 Geotechnical characteristics of soil samples

3.1.1. Determination of dry matter content and proportion of organic matter

About 3 g of each sample taken for the soil characterization was weighted in 100 ml
Q
decanters. The samples were kept in a drying oven at 105 C for about 24 hours. The
samples were cooled in room temperature and weighted. The dry matter content of the
samples were calculated using equation (1 )

Dry matter content (%) = DW(105) d

( DW(40)d
1
X
(DW(40))
WW
(1)

where DW(105)d is the mass of the sample used for the determination of dry matter
content after annealing in 105 QC, DW(40)d is the mass of the sample used for the
determination of dry matter content determination before annealing in 105 QC, DW(40)
is the mass of the hole sample after drying in 40/60 QC or freeze dryer and WW is the
wet mass of the whole sample.

After weighting the samples were further incinerated in 550 QC for 4-5 hours. The
samples were cooled in room temperature and weighted. The proportion of organic
matter was calculated using equation (2)

Organic matter (%) = 1- msso (2)

m]OS

in which m550 is the mass of sample after annealing in 550 QC and m]05 is the mass of the
sample after drying in 105 QC.

3.1.2. Determination of grain size and mineralogical analyses

Dried samples were dry sieved in Geological Survey of Finland (Espoo) into seven
fractions, <0.063 mm, 0.125-0.063 mm, 0.25-0.125 mm, 0.50-0.25 mm, 1.0-0.5 mm,
2.0-1.0 mm and >2.0 mm. Part of each sample was powdered in an agate mortar and the
powder was used for the X-ray diffraction analyses (Philips X'Pert MPD). XRD spectra
were recorded in angle interval 2-70Q 28, with step size of 0.02 Q28. Time per step was
1.00s.

F or the identification of clay minerals directed preparations were made from four fine
matter «0.063 mm) fraction. Preparations were heated and treated with ethenglycol.
Ethenglycol treatment was done to identify the swelling minerals in the samples.
Heating enables the identification of kaolinite and chlorite as they both have diffraction
 14

at 7 A. Heating induces the breakage of kaolinite whereupon the 7 A peak disappears. In

addition IR determination was done for two samples to assure the XRD results.

The <0.063 mm fraction was further send to Labtium Oy (Kuopio) for the grain size
analyses using SediGraph 5100 -instrument. The SediGraph 5100 determines particle
size distribution using the sedimentation by measuring particle mass using X-ray
absorption and by measuring the rate at which particles fall under gravity through a
liquid.

3.2. Chemical characteristics of soil samples

3.2.1. Determination of pH of soil samples

For the pH measurements 20g of soil sample was weighted into 50 ml beaker and 20 ml
of deionised water was added (GLOBE 2008, Ryti 1965, Bain et al. 2003). The sample
was stirred for 30 seconds and then let to settle for 3 minutes. Stirring was repeated for
five times, where after the sample was let to settle for 10 minutes. pH was measured
from the supematant using a pH meter with gel filled electron. The pH meter was
calibrated before every use.

The pH of the soil samples is always measured from the soil which has been silted up
with a liquid (Ryti, 1965). The result of the measurement is dependent on the salt
concentration of the liquid used. This is because acidic cations like H+ and Ae+ are
transferred from the surfaces of the soil particles to the liquid. As the salt concentration
of the liquid increases more acidic cations are removed from the soil particles to the
liquid. This decreases the measured pH value. When pH is measured using water as a
liquid the salt concentration of the liquid is depended on the concentration of soluble
salts of the soil particles. When pH measurement is done in a saline solution (0.01 M
CaCh), protons are exchanged from the soil particles into the liquid. In Finnish soils the
pH measured using water are in general 0.6 units higher than the values obtained when
0.01 M CaCh is used. For the purpose of the later sorption tests the knowledge
regarding the pH of soil and soil water in as natural conditions as possible is needed.
The later sorption tests will be carried out in a soil solution simulants with a low salt
concentration (0.001 M). The objective is to attain the equilibrium between the soil
sample and the simulant when the pH of the solution is no longer changed. This
equilibrium is used in the sorption tests in which Kd-values i.e. the ratio of radionuclide
in solid phase compared to radionuclide in water phase are determined.

3.2.2. Sequential extractions

Sequential extractions can be used to evaluate and predict the extractability, mobility
and bioavailability of alkali metals, alkali earth metals, radioactive elements and series
of other metal ions (Abollino et al. 2006, Schultz et al. 1998a). In a sequential
extraction procedure the soil sample is made to react with a series of different extraction
reagents, which have increasing extraction strength (Abollino et al. 2006). Each step is
designed to selectively dissolute a certain geochemical phase of the sample (Schultz et
 15

"-I. 19'1l\h). As !he slr~nglh 01' lh~ ~xlradall1 ioc",a,e, 1! rele"-,,,, mdals li'om lh~
SOrp!iOll siles wilh (kn~llsillg r~adivily, As readivily d~CT~=S, also the mobilily iIlld
bioavailllbility decreases. For example, the various metllls that can ixcome
cnvironmcntally mobile llIld cnvirolllllcntally aWlilable can be idcntified \lSing ion-
exchange solution like r-.-IgCh (SdmJtz et al. 19'1l\a). The em;ronmcntal availability or
mctal~ dq"-'1lds on the phy~ico-chcll1ical form or ~peciation of lhc metal in qucstion
(Sd1lLIl/ d"-1. 19'1l\b). Se'-luell!i"-l eXlra~liolls ~"-11 be u,~d!o gel indired inl{mlla!ion
"-IxlUl Ihe,;;: 1('111" a11(llh~ primary g~o~hemkal host phases 01' lh~ ~km~nls 01' inleresl
(Schuitz et al, 1<}98e).

rhe charactcristies affecting the s.orption of metals on soi I were studied using sequential
~x!ractions, Scqucn!ial extraClions were dmlc for all layers and grain ~i/e fracti<lns fmm
lhe ex~"-va!OT pits OJ.-KKI4, OI._KKIS and 01,-1--:1--:16. Tile ~xlradion pf()~edure
~onsiskd 01' liv~ steps givell below. T1l~ md.lllld is d~rived ITo111 lh~ ~~lradion
procedures reported by SehuJtz et aL (1998a. 1998b) and Tesskr et a1. (979). Step A
was derivcd from lessier et al.( 1(79) and frolll LintillCll et aL (2003). step II and C
from Sehultz et al. (J99l\ a and h) ami step [) from Schultz et al. (J99l\) and T~s~i~r d
al. (1979) Th~ r~sidu~ frmll stc~ A n was dig~stcd in miemwave oven llSill g aqlLa
,egi"- ~X~lralion.

Step A: exchangellble cations

/\n aliquot of2 g of soil sampl~ was weight~d into a 50 ml p<llypropykne e~mrifugal
tube and 30 1111 <If 1~1 HaUl (pH H,I) wa~ added, The mixlure was shakcn ror I i1 al
TOom !enlI"'ralure. The ex!rad was "'p"-raled hy c·~n!n I'llg"-lioll "-l ~O 000 rpm (,)r 20
l11inUl~S, n,~ r~sidu~ was wash~d wilh 30 ml 01' d~iolli",d water alld ~~nITil'ug~d
(Tessier et "-I. 1979. iinlillell et "-I. 200.1),

Step 13: bound to earOOllates

30 ml of I M CH,COO~H. in 25% CH,COOH (pH 4) was mixed with 11)<C re~idll<C fmm
lhe s!'1' A The mixlme was ,h"-kell lilr 2 h in room lempera!ll"'. (Sd1l1Il/ et al. 199i{a,
Schulv et "-I. 199Rb) n,~ ~x!rW:1 was ",p"-ml~d by ~e1llri("llgalion "-l 20 000 rpm Illr 20
minutes, The residue WIIS 'Wished with 30 ml of deionised wakr and eentrif'uged.

St~p c: oound to J'~ and Mn oxid~s

The r",idue ITom '!~p Fl was treated wilh ~0 ml 0(" 0.04 M NH,OH,HCl in ~5%
ClI,('OOH (pH 2) alld shahn IllT 5 hllllrs ill [(lom kmpt'mlure (S~hul!z et "-I. 199i{a.
Schultz et al. 1<}98b). The extmct was separat~d by centrifilglltion at 20 000 llllll for 20
lllinutcs. The rcsid\lC WIIS wllshed with 30 ml of deionised water and ecntrifuged,

St~p D: Ixlllnd 10 organic maUer

The residue ITom sl~p (' was lT~akd wilh 6 ml or 0.02 :vfHNO, and 10 ml 01' -'0 ~,;,
IhOc. The salllpk WIIS shaken in 85 '(' for 5 hours, (Schuitz et aL 1998a. Schuitz et aL
1998b. Tessier d al. 1(79). Tllc extmct was separated by centrifugation at 20 000 rpm
for 21l minute" Ih~ r~sidue was washed with JO ml of deiolliscd wat~r and centrifuged.
 16

Step E: Residue

The residue from step D was transferred to a Teflon tube and 16 ml of aqua regia (1
HN03 : 3 HCl) (ISO 11466) was added. The samples were wet digested in microwave
oven.

The extract from each step was filtered through a 0.2 /lm membrane filter. The samples
from step A were diluted to 1:100 and the samples from other steps to 1:33 and Li, Na,
Mg, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Cd, Cs and Pb were determined
using ICP-MS (Agilent 7S00ce).
 17

4 RESULTS

4.1. Dry matter content, organic matter content and pH

Dry matter content, organic matter content and pH of the samples from excavator pits
OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and OL-KK16 are presented in Table 3. The pH of the samples
increases as a function of depth from an average of 4.54 ± 0.39 (n=3) in the humus layer
to an average of 8.43 ± 0.30 (n=3) in the deepest layers (Fig 8).

Podzolic soils are the most common soil types in northern coniferous forests (Westman
1991, Kahk6nen 1996). The typical soil layers for podsols are humus layer, A-horizon
(e1uvial horizon), B-horizon (illuvial horizon) and C-horizon (unchanged / slightly
changed basal till). Oxides of iron and aluminum are released from the surface mineral
layers through chemical weathering. In B-horizon these oxides are precipitated again.
The pH of podzolic soil typically increases in B- and C-horizons. Because the acidity of
soil depends on the organic matter content the surface layers are typically more acidic
than the lower layers.

When comparing the pH values obtained with different methods (i.e. pH measured in
water, pH measured in saline solution) it is worth noting that pH measured in water is
typically 0.5 -1.0 pH units higher than pH values measured in saline solution (Westman
1991). Also the pretreatment of the sample affects the measured pH value. The samples
dried in a drying oven have typically lower pH values than air dried samples. In this
study the samples from the lower soil layers were dried in freeze dryer. This may have
an effect on the measured pH values, which were rather high in the lowest layers. In
previous studies in Olkiluoto the pH of soil varied from 4.0 to 8.0 in surface soil layers
and from 6.5 to 8.0 in C-horizon (Lahdenpera et al. 2005).

For the same samples dry matter content increases as a function of depth from an
average minimum of 39.0 ± 11.2 % (n=3) in the humus layer (Fig. 9) to an average
proportion of 89.4 ± 2.8 % (n=13) in the mineral layers. The organic matter content
decreases from an average maximum of 58.6 ± 4.2 % (n=3) in the humus layer to an
average proportion of 0.9 ± 0.6 % (n=13) in the mineral layers (Fig 10).
 18

Table 3. DIy matter content, organic matter content and pH of the samples from OL-
KKI-l, OL-KKI5 and OL-KKI6. The error presented is the standard deviation of the
measurements (n 2).
Sample Layer pH Dry matter Organic
content matter
content
% %
OL-KK14 Humus 4.42 ± 0.03 48.0 ± 0.0 58.9 ± 0.8
OL-KK14 MS1 5.16 ± 0.04 83.9 ± 0.1 2.6 ± 0.5
OL-KK14 MS2 6.53 ± 0.14 88.1 ± 0.2 0.9 ± 0.5
OL-KK14 MS3 6.71 ± 0.18 90.9 ± 0.2 0.6 ± 0.6
OL-KK14 MS4 8.08 ± 0.02 89.6 ± 0.1 0.5 ± 0.4

OL-KK15 Humus 4.22 ± 0.02 42.6 ± 0.2 62.6 ± 37.5

OL-KK15 MS1 5.95 ± 0.30 94.9 ± 0.1 0.6 ± 0.1
OL-KK15 MS2 6.95 ± 0.07 85.0 ± 0.2 1.0 ± 0.1
OL-KK15 MS3 7.67 ± 0.04 90.2 ± 0.1 0.5 ± 0.1
OL-KK15 MS4 8.04 ± 0.06 88.7 ± 0.0 1.0 ± 0.1
OL-KK15 MS5 8.59 ± 0.14 91.1 ± 0.1 0.6 ± 0.2

OL-KK16 Humus 4.98 ± 0.04 26.5 ± 0.2 54.2 ± 8.4

OL-KK16 MS1 6.95 ± 0.18 89.3 ± 0.1 1.1 ± 0.1
OL-KK16 MS2 7.15 ± 0.00 89.4 ± 0.0 0.9 ± 0.0
OL-KK16 MS3 7.72 ± 0.24 90.8 ± 0.0 0.5 ± 0.1
OL-KK16 MS4 8.61 ± 0.13 90.2 ± 0.0 0.4 ± 0.1

-OL-KK14
_ OL-KK15
~ OL-KK16
Humus

MS1

MS2
~
..!!
·0 MS3
Cl)

MS4

MS5

4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0
pH

Figure 8. pH of the soil samples from excavator pits OL-KKI-l, OL-KKI5 and OL-
KKI6.
 19

-OL-KK14
_ OL-KK15
~ OL-KK16
ORG

MS1

...
Cl)
MS2
>.
.!!
'0 MS3
Cl)

MS4

MS5

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Dry matter content (%)

Figure 9. Dry matter content of the soil samples from excavator pits OL-KKI-l, OL-
KKI5,OL-KKI6.

-OL-KK14
----.- OL-KK15

ORG

MS1

...
Cl)
MS2
>.
.!!
MS3
'0
Cl)

MS4

MS5

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Organic matter content (%)

Figure 10. Organic matter content of the soil samples from excavator pits OL-KKI4,
OL-KKI5 and OL-KKI6.
 20

4.2. Grain size distribution and mineralogy

The grain size distribution of mineral soil samples from excavator pits OL-KKI4, OL-
KK15 and OL-KKI6 are presented in Figures 11 - 13 and in Appendix 1. The average
grain size distribution of the soil samples from OL-KKI4, OL-KK15 and OL-KKI6 are
presented in Figure 14. The soil type of the samples is mainly sandy till (d50, MaJk6nen
(ed.) 2003) (Table 1). The proportion of fine fraction (0 <0.063 mm) increases after
uppermost mineral layer and is largest in MS2 for OL-KK14 and OL-KK15, being 37 %
and 38 % respectively. In OL-KKI6 the proportion of fine material is highest in MS3
(28%), but the difference between layers MS2, MS3 and MS4 were minor. The main
part of the fine material is silt in all samples and the proportion of clay (0 <0.002 mm)
varies from 0 to 12 %. In samples from MS 1 layers the average proportion of clay is 1
%. In deeper layers from MS2 to MS5 the average proportion of clay is higher being 6
%. The highest clay proportions were found in OL-KK14 and OL-KK15 MS2 layers.
Similarly the proportion of silt varies between 1 to 26 %. In MSl layer of OL-KKI4,
OL-KK15 and OL-KK16 the average proportion of silt was 4 %. In deeper layers the
proportion of silt increases being on average 21 %. Major part of the samples is
composed of sand and all the samples contain an average of 56 % sand with a range
from 41 to 70 %. The average proportion of fine sand from all sand is 47 % and it varies
between 13 and 61 %.

Cia Silt Gravel

-s::::
Cl)

....u
100
- - OL-KK14
- - OL-KK14
MS1
MS2
80 - - OL-KK14 MS3

-
Cl)
a.. - - OL-KK14 MS4
J:
C) 60
Cl)

~
Cl) 40
>
:;::;
cu
::::J
20
E
::::J
0 0
<0.002 0.063 0.125 0.25 0.5 1 2 >2
Grain size (mm)

Figure 11. Grain size distribution of the different mineral layers of excavator pit OL-
KK14.
 21

-•"
~
I S U"

/1//
OL·KK15rolS1
-- OL·KKI5r~S2

• -- OL.-KK 1 ~ r~S~

-f
~
~
I1 - - OL.-KK15 MS4

~
- - OL-KKI5MS5

•> /
~

,• ;;h;/ /
,E
u If",."' •. ./
'~ ...
Grain size (mm)
~

Figure 12. Graj" ,I'jee dislhbwio>1 olr he diffi>,-erll mi"eral layer,)' (!t excava/or pil or-
KK15,

-• .. I
Clay Silt Sand Gravel
OLKK·18 MS1
C '00 - - OL-KKI6 MS2

~
•
.-b/ - - OL-KKI6 MS3
- - OL.f(K16 MS4

- ..
~

/ / /
..
~
.2'
~ /. ./ ./
>• w ~ "/
~
, 1/ V
,E •
U
<0.002 0,003 0.125 0.25
Grain size (mm)
•. ~
, , >,

Figure 13. Grain si~e distrihurion ,,{'the dilfi'fCnt mineral/ayers a/excavator pir OL-
KKl6
 22

Clay Silt Sand Gravel

-
c:
Q)
U
l-
100

80 ~ ~
-MS1
-
-
-
MS2
MS3
MS4
~ /
?
Q)
- MS5
-
c..
...c:
C')
60
r
~
/
/
Q)
S 40 ~
/
/'
;j~ V
Q)

-ro
.;;::
:::::I
20
~/V
V
/

U
E
:::::I 0 =---
<0.002 0.063 0.125 0.25 0.50 1 2 >2
Grain size (mn)

Figure 14. The average grain size afsamplesfram OL-KKI-l, OL-KKI5 and OL-KKI6.

The minerals found in soil samples from OL-KK14. OL-KK15 and OL-KK16 are
presented in Appendix 2. In Figures 15-17 the main minerals in samples from OL-
KK14, OL-KK15 and OL-KK16 are shown. The XRD spectra of the samples are
presented in Appendix 3. The samples constituted mainly of quartz, K-feldspar and
plagioclase. In addition small amounts « 5%) of mica, chlorite and amphibole were
found. In some samples also minor amounts of hematite was detected. Swelling clay
minerals were not found. In the IR analyses done for two samples some kaolinite was
detected. Thereby in samples which have found to contain chlorite. also kaolinite can
exist. Moreover some small amounts of talc were found in MS3 layer of OL-KK15
profile. In each excavator pit the main mineral for each grain size was quartz. The
average quartz content in the mineral layers was 66 % and varied from 55 to 70 %. The
proportion of K-feldspar and plagioclase content varied between 10 - 25 % and 10 - 30
%. respectively. An average K-feldspar proportion for all grain sizes was 12 % and for
plagioclase the average was 19 %.
 _ ID
ro u
~ -'"
~ ~ .~
ffi
~
~
-'"u
a~ i
+1+
N ~
i i5 .§,
a ~ &

+1+ 1-2

~
I{
LO 0.5-1
~ 0.25-0.50

,,f ~"
1-2
..!ll

~;
0.125-0.25
'<t 0.5-1 ~
Cl

~ 0.063-0.125
C
0.25-0.50 ~
..!ll
~
1 <0.063

c
~
Cl

\ -(
0.125-0.25

0.063-0.125

<0.063
'<t

~
«
1 I,
~ 1-2
0.5-1
0.25-0.50
..!ll

C') ~
1-2

0.5-1
~

~
Cl
C

\
;: 0.125-0.25
0.063-0.125
,~ <0.063

~
~
..!ll +
~
0.25-0.50

0.125-0.25
-
/

1\ )-1 1-2 -
E
c
Cl
E C') 0.5-1 §.
\ ~

,,
« ~
rr) ~ 0.063-0.125
01 §. ..!ll
0.25-0.50 Cl)
.~
> -( <0.063 Cl)
.~
~ 1 0.125-0.25 1/1
c

t
Cl
1-2 1/1 ~
C 0.063-0.125 tr)
C
......, ~ f! ......,
<0.063
... ~ ~
N 0.5-1 C1I (!)
~ (!) 1-2

/"
0.25-0.50
..!ll
~
Cl
0.125-0.25 C3 N

~
\ 0.5-1
0.25-0.50
C3
~ ~
C

~
<~
~ 0.063-0.125 ..!ll
-( 0.125-0.25

'f -( <0.063
~
t:::i
;...
~
~

~
Cl
C 1 0.063-0.125
<0.063
~
t:::i
;...
~
1-2 .... ....
.~ 1-2 .~

.--.... .--....
~
0.5-1
; 0.5-1
~
~

+ 0.25-0.50
~
~ ~
..!ll 0.25-0.50
~

(
~ 0.125-0.25 ..!ll
Cl
~ 0.125-0.25
c .,.; \Q
~ I.~
V.
0.063-0.125 "'-I c
~
Cl
J 0.063-0.125 "'-I
<0.063 ~
;... J .I <0.063
~
;...
::: :::
000000 .~ 000000 .~
Ocx)<D"","N
...-- ~ Ocx)<D"","N
...-- ~

%-J1I 6 !aM %-J1I 6 !aM

 24

-+- Quartz
Mineral layer 1 Mineral layer 2 Mineral layer 3 Mineral layer 4
____ K-feldspar
100 ........... Ragioclace

80
/---
-
~
0,

..c::
.2'
60 ~ --.- / ...................... ~

:= 40
Cl)

20 ~ ........... ~
~ / '-. ~y :::a. .....
0 ----- ......
A 0 c:::> 0 0 ~
A 0 c:::> 0 0 ~
A 0 c:::> 0 0 ~
A 0 c:::> 0 0 ~

0 ~ r0 0 r0 0 r0 0 r0
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
i:::> ~
i:::> ~
i:::> ~
i:::> ~

i:::> Ol I\.l U1 i:::> Ol I\.l U1 i:::> Ol I\.l U1 i:::> Ol I\.l U1

Ol Ul U1 6 Ol Ul U1 6 Ol Ul U1 6 Ol Ul U1 6
~ ~ ~ ~
Ul 6 Ul 6 Ul 6 Ul 6
i:J1 i:J1 i:J1 i:J1
~ ~ 0 ~ ~ 0 ~ ~ 0 ~ ~ 0
I\.l U1 I\.l U1 I\.l U1 I\.l U1
U1 U1 U1 U1

Grain size (mm)

Figure 17. Main minerals of OL-KK16.

4.3. Sequential extractions

The concentrations of Li, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo,
Cd, Cs and Pb extracted in different extraction steps are presented in Appendix 4. In
step A the exchangeable and soluble fonns of metals are extracted (Reddy et al. 2001).
In second step tightly adsorbed metals and those associated with carbonates and easily
soluble oxides/hydroxides are extracted under acidic conditions. In step three additional
soluble metal oxides as well metals associated with Fe-Mn oxides are extracted at
slightly acidic pH. In fourth step metals associated in organic matter and other easily
oxidisable solids or compounds are extracted. In the residual step the metals bound
strongly to silicates and to crystalline iron oxides are present. The concentrations in the
different steps of the extraction procedure showed considerably variety. This may refer
to the differences in the composition of carbonates, Fe-Mn oxides, organic matter as
well as cation exchange capacity and silicates in different soil layers and grain sizes. In
Figure 18 the proportions (%) ofLi, Na, Mg, K Ca and Cs in four mineral layers ofOL-
KK14 extracted in different extraction steps are presented as an example. The
concentrations of all analyzed elements extracted in different extraction steps are
presented in Appendix 4. In sampling site OL-KKI4 the concentrations of Li varied
between different extractions steps from 0.05 to 23 mg/kgDW. The highest
concentrations were found for the grain size of 1 - 2 mm in MS2 layer in the residual
fraction (step E). For sodium the concentrations varied between 0.9 and 78 mg/kgDW in
extraction steps A-D. The highest concentration of 426 mg/kgDW was detected in the
residual fraction of the MS2 layer grain size of 1 - 2 mm. As with lithium and sodium,
the maximum concentrations for magnesium were also found in the residual fraction. In
other extraction fractions the concentrations of Mg varied between 30 and 380
mg/kgDW. In the OL-KKI4 samples the highest calcium concentrations were found in
the exchangeable fraction (step A) of the organic layer. Cesium was found only in the
residual fraction of the OL-KKI4 samples. In the residual fraction the Cs concentrations
ranged between 610 and 710 mg/kgDW.
 25

OL-KK14 MS1, 0.125 -0.25 mm OL-KK14 MS2, 0.125 - 0.25 mm

100% 100 %
80% 80%
• Residual • Residual
60% o Organic matter
60% o Organic matter
o Oxides of Fe and Mn

I
o Oxides of Fe and Mn
40% • Carbonates 40 % • Carbonates
o Exchangeable

-
20% o Exchangeable
20%
0%
0% I- ~

Li Na Mg K Ca Cs
Li Na Mg K Ca CS

OL-KK14 MS3, 0.125 - 0.25 mm OL-KK14 MS4, 0.125 -0.25 mm

100% 100%

I
90% 90%
80% 80% • Residual
• Residual 70%
70%
o Organic matter o Organic matter
60% 60% =
50% o Oxides of Fe and Mn 50% o Oxides of Fe and Mn
40%

I
40% • Carbonates

• •
• Carbmates 30%
30% o Exchangeable
20% o Exchangeable 20%
10% 10%
0% 0%
Li Na Mg K Ca Cs
Li Na Mg K Ca Cs

Figure 18. The proportion (weight-%) of Li, Na, Mg, K, Ca and Cs in four mineral
layers of OL-KKI-l extracted in different extraction steps.

In Figure 19 the proportions (weight-%) of Ni, Se and Mo in five soil layers of OL-
KK14 extracted in different extraction steps are presented. Also in figure 19 the
concentrations of Ni, Se and Mo (mg/kgDW) extracted in different extraction steps are
shown. In sampling site OL-KKI4 the concentrations of Ni varied between different
extractions steps from values below detection limit to 15 mg/kgDW. The highest
concentrations were found for the grain size of < 0.060 mm in MS2layer in the residual
fraction (step E). For selenium the concentrations varied between 0.1 and 58 mg/kgDW.
The highest concentration of 58 mg/kgDW was detected in the exchangeable fraction of
the humus layer grain size of <0.063 mm. The maximum concentrations for
molybdenium were also found in the exchangeable fraction. However the variation in
the concentrations of Mo in different soil layers was small.
 26

--
Ni in OL-KK14, grain size 0.125 -0.25 mm Ni in OL-KK14, grain size 0.125 -0.25 mm

MS4
A MS4

~ MS3 I-
I -- Cl Exchangeable
• Carbonates
MS3
o Exchangeable
• Carbonates

-
'"
.!!! MS2 o Oxides of Fe and Mn MS2 D Oxides of Fe and Mn

~I
"0
U) o Organic matter o Organic matter
MS1
MS1
• Residual • Residual
Humus
Humus

0 5 10 15 20
0% 20 % 40 % 60 % 80% 100%
Concentration of Ni (mg/kg dw)

Se in OL-KK14, grain size 0.125 -0.25 mm

-- -
Se in OL-KK14, grain size 0.125 - 0.25 mm

MS4
o Exchangeable MS4
MS3
~
o Exchangeable
•
• Carbonates
~ MS2 o Oxides of Fe and Mn
MS3
• Carbonates
·0

-- --
U) o Organic matter MS2 o Oxides of Fe and M n
MS1
• Residual o Organic matter
Humus
MS1
• Residual
0 50 100
Humus
Concentration of Se (mg/kg dw)

0% 20 % 40 % 60 % 80 % 100 %

Mo in OL-KK14, grain size 0.125 - 0.25 mm

--
Mo in OL-KK14, grain size 0.125 -0.25 mm

MS4
o Exchangeable MS4
~
MS3
o Exc hangeable

--
• Carbonates
~ MS2 o Oxides of Fe and Mn
MS3
·0 • Carbonates
U)
MS1 o Organic matter MS2 D Oxides of Fe and Mn
• Residual D Organic matter

-
Humus
MS1
• Residual
0 2 4
Humus
Concentration of Mo (mg/kg dw)

0% 20 % 40 % 60 % 80 % 100 %

Figure 19. The concentrations of Ni, Se and Mo in OL-KKI.:f grain size 0.125 - 0.25
mm in different extraction steps in five soil layers and the proportion (weight-%) of Ni,
Se and Mo infive soil layers extracted in different extraction steps.

In the OL-KK15 samples lithium was found in all different extraction fractions and the
concentrations varied between 0.2 - 3.8 mg/kgDW. For sodium, magnesium, potassium
and calcium high concentrations were found in the carbonates of the organic layer (step
B). In OL-KK15 samples cesium was found in addition to residual fraction also in
minor concentrations in the exchangeable fraction (step A). The concentrations in the
exchangeable fraction varied from 1.8 to 7.5 mg/kgDW and in the residual fraction the
concentrations ranged from 640 to 2800 mg/kgDW. The maximum values were found
in the organic layer.

In the OL-KK16 samples the lithium concentrations were below the detection limit in
all extractions and all layers and grain sizes. The highest sodium, magnesium and
calcium concentrations were found in the exchangeable fraction of the organic layer.
Potassium was also fOlmd in the exchangeable fraction of all layers. Cesium was
detected in the residual fraction. The concentrations of Cs varied between 610 and 4060
mg/kgDW and the highest values were found in the organic layer.
 27

EspeciallY;l1 11", MS] and MS41ajers o('OL-KKI4 (Fig. 19) Li,};"" \1g:, K ami Ca
were (Hmd in the "xchang~able Ira~li0n (i.~. bound on e[e sit",) ll'; is expe"l~d
(Quejido et ilL 20051. In all soilulyers the main proportion of Se IUld Mo '>'ere found ill
the exchangeable fi'Ktioll. These <lnalytcs may become cllvi.rolll1lcntlllly biouwlilabk via
changes in ionic strength (Schultz et al. l<)<)l\a). Li. Na, Mg, K and Ca found in the
rcsidwl fraction indicate associations with mor" insnlllbk ahllllino-silicatcs, oxides
<1nd/0T possible wilh sullaie,; (S"huiL' ~l "I. 19'1g~)_

Cs found in residUill fraction is specifically IUld strongly bound and the binding sites are
usmdly found ill the imerl/lyer sites of clll)' nllncnlis (Lujallicnc ct ill. 200Tl. Despite the
high exchange capacity of organic substances, organic matter cannot compete fix Cs
with selective sorption sites on claj' mincrals. Fmlhcrmore organic matlcr, caroonates
,mu iron oxiue ~oaling~ on min",-als can a~l a~ i11lemlediale phase wl-,.", ex~ha1'ge ...ble
Cs move~ lowards lh~ mir..",-al core of" "lay panides. Such coalillgs ~all also inhibil
dewrptioll of exchangeable Cs from day minenlls.

lhe metals extracted in the first three steps (exchangeable, carbonate bound and Fe-'v\n
oxide houmt) can be mobilized upon changcs in ionic slrengths of a drop in pH and
,-edox pot""lial (Abolli",) el ...!. 20(6).

In tllble 4 the clition ex~hilllge ~apacity (C[C. mmolikg) ~alclllllted liS II slIIn of
potassium. sodilllll, lllilg.nesilllll Imd ~alcium extracted in the extraction step A
(exchangeable cations) is presented. CLe is highest in the humus layer of all sampling
siles. which is expeClcd as higher organic matlcr coment bc gds higher ere. In thc
mmeml soil layers ere decre"-,e~ as gmill size increa~e~. This is also eXp"cled as
higll<'r Clay conl~nl indllCes high.,,- CFC v...1\l~s"
r"hi" 4. ('",,,,,, I·n ·mm;.:,; ~t'II< K;;I)' {(."f :C. mmoFkx) mh·II!..I,",' ' " " .m m of I'0" I~'''''''',
-,odillm. ""18'1/."-;"''' (III<J ,'"k,"m 1';rlrut"l"d in ,'''' "xlrudio" -'1"1' A (en 'm..,;.:"" h/I'
r.miom j,

OL-KKH OL-KK}!' OL-KK}6

U}tr (ora,OI .~ ut

mmol / l.g mmol / l.g nlOnol I I.g

Humus
UJ)6J-Q .11 5
0 125-0 25
025-0.50
...
51

14
2UI
23S
2 56
3%
423
42.
0.50- 1.0 8' 260 4.14

o ()('j l ·() 125

O, 125-0,2~ '"10 10
6
I?
11,
0,25-0.50
0,50- 1,0 ," 7
3
13
14

0.063 -0. 125 21 17 13

0,125 -0, 25 ,< n I?
<
0,25-0 .~O 27 .1 1 17
o ~ ()' 1.0
'" J1 13

0.063 -Q.125
0125-025
16
13
14
IS ,,
10

0 25-0.50 12 IS
0.50- 1.0 n 17 9
16

0063-0 125
" 19 9
0 1 1 5-02 ~ "
1) 17 12
o1 5-Q.5U
0 50-10
12
16
17
2O ,
9

17

0.06 3-0.1 25 ,
0, 125-0, 25 11
0, 25"() .~ O
o ~O- l 0 "
10

"
 29

4.4. 137CS in soil profiles

The activity concentrations of 137Cs in litter, organic layers and mineral layers are
presented in Appendix 5 and in figures 20 and 21. The depth profiles of 137Cs in the
sampling sites studied showed considerable variety. This is typical for the Chernobyl
fallout as the deposition of 137Cs from the Chernobyl accident was very unevenly
distributed in Finland (Kansanen et al. 1991, Bus and Saxen 2005). This was caused by
the differences in the areal rainfall conditions.

The total activity of soil profiles 1,2 and 3 from OL-KKI5 ranged between 5.40 ± 0.06
and 7.26 ± 0.06 kBq/m2 and the average total activity was 6.0 ± 1.1 kBq/m2. In soil
profiles L 2 and 3 from OL-KKI6 the total 137 CS activity varied from 2.94 ± 0.03 to
5.15 ± 0.04 kBq/m2. The major source of 137 Cs in the Olkiluoto area is from Chernobyl
fallout (Haapanen 2006). According to previous studies (Arvela et al. 1990) the 137Cs
deposition in Eurajoki was 11 - 23 kBq/m2 in October 1987. This would correspond to
an activity of7 - 14 kBq/m2 in May 2008.

OL-KK15 Cs-137

450 . ----------------------------------.
400 _ Profile 1
350
~ 300 _ Profile 2
"C
Cl 250 _ Profile 3
~c- 200 __ Avarage
m 150
100
50
o
Litter Organic Organic Mineral Mineral
layer layer layer layer
1-6 cm 6-10 cm 10-15 cm 15-21 cm

Figure 20. 137 Cs activity in three soil profiles from OL-KK15.

 30

OL-KK16 Cs-137

200 . ----------------------------------.
180
160
3: 140 _ Profile 1
"C 120
_ Profile 2
~ 100
c-
III
80
60
_ Profile 3
40 _ Avarage
20
o
Litter Organic Mineral Mineral Mineral Mineral
layer 0- layer 1- layer 6- layer layer
1 cm 6 cm 10 cm 10-15 15-21
cm cm

Figure 21. 137 Cs activity in three soil profiles fi'om OL-KK16.

The peak activities for 137 CS were in organic layer in the depth of 1 - 6 cm for profiles 1
and 2 from OL-KK15. For profile 3 in OL-KK15 the peak value was found in litter. For
the samples from OL-KK16 the peak activities were found in mineral layer in the depth
of 6 - 10 cm. In the OL-KK15 profiles the activities decreased rapidly in the organic
layer below the peak value. In OL-KK16 samples the activities in the mineral layer
below the peak value showed substantial variation ranging from 3.8 ± 0.3 to 67.0 ± 1.0
Bq/kgDW.

In 2005 the total 137 Cs activity in the soil samples from three different sampling sites in
Olkiluoto in depth of 0 - 6 cm varied from 389 Bq/kgDW to 1489 Bq/kgDW (Haapanen
2006). In OL-KK15 the average total 137 CS activity in depth of 0 - 6 cm was 633 ± 44
Bq/kgDW, which corresponds to the previous studies. In OL-KK16 the majority of the
137 Cs activity was however found in deeper mineral layer from 6 to 10 cm and the
average total activity in the depth of 0 - 6 cm was only 88 ± 10 Bq/kgDW. The
difference between OL-KK15 and OL-KK16 depends on the thickness of the organic
layer. In OL-KK15 profiles thickness of the organic layer was 10 cm but in OL-KK16
profiles it was only 1 cm. As humus can retain cesium. the difference in the thickness of
organic layer can induce a more intense downwards migration of 137Cs in OL-KK16
than in OL-KK15.

4.5. pH and dissolved organic carbon in soil solution

pH and DOC of the soil solution separated by centrifugation from the OL-KK14. OL-
KK15 and OL-KK16 samples are presented in Figures 22 and 23 and Appendix 6. In the
soil solution from OL-KK14 and OL-KK15 pH increased as a function of depth from an
average of 4.35 ± 0.55 in the humus layer to an average of 7.36 ± 0.57 in the MS4 and
MS5 layers. In OL-KK16 the pH of the soil solution was somewhat higher in the
organic layer being 6.67. In OL-KK16 the minimum pH of 5.95 was found in the MSl
layer. The maximum pH value of 7.39 in the MS4 layer of OL-KK16 corresponded to
the maximum values found in OL-KK14 and OL-KK15.
 31

-OL-KK14
_ OL-KK15
----A----O L-KK 16
Humus

MS1

MS2
Gi
>-
..!!
'0 MS3
Cl)

MS4

MS5

4 5 6 7 8 9
pH of soil solution

Figure 22. pH of the soil solution in OL-KKI-l, OL-KKI5 and OL-KKI6

The Doe value of the soil solution decreased as a function of depth in all samples. In
the humus layer the DOe value was an average 125 ± 35 mg/l, decreased in MS 1 layer
to an average of 59 ± 33 mg/l and was in the deepest layers (MS3-MS5) an average 7 ±
3 mg/I.

-OL-KK14
- OL-KK15

Humus

MS1

MS2
Gi
>-
..!!
MS3
'0
Cl)

MS4

MS5

o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

DOe mgll

Figure 23. DOe in soil solution in OL-KKI-l, OL-KKI5 and OL-KKI6.

 32

4.6. Anions in the soil solution

The results of the IC analysis of the soil solution are presented in Figures 24 - 27 and in
Appendix 7. The F, CL N0 3 and S04 concentrations in the soil solution samples from
sampling sites OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and OL-KK16 showed significant variation. F
concentrations (Fig. 22) were relatively constant in all soil layers from OL-KK14 and
OL-KK16. The average fluoride concentration in these sampling sites was 2.2 ± 0.5
mg/l (n=10) with a range from 0.82 to 3.14 mg/l. In OL-KK16 samples the fluoride
concentration varied however from 1.7 to 8.3 mg/l, with an average of 4.1 ± 2.6 mg/l.

-OL-KK14
_ OL-KK15
--A- OL-KK16
Humus

MS1

MS2
Gi
>-
..!!
·0 MS3
Cl)

MS4

MS5

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

F (mg 11)

Figure 24. Fluoride concentration (mg/V in the soil solution from sampling sites OL-
KKI-l, OL-KKI5 and OL-KKI6.

The chloride concentrations (Fig. 25) were highest in humus layer in all sampling sites
and decreased as a function of depth. The chloride concentration in the humus layer was
an average 34 mg/l. The average concentration in the mineral layers was 19 mg/l
(n=13), with a minimum of 5 mg/l. The concentrations in OL-KK15 were higher than in
the other two sampling sites. OL-KK15 and OL-KK16 are located closer to the sea, than
OL-KK14.
 ,..,,..,
.J.J

-OL-KK14
----.- OL-KK15
----A---- OI-KK16

Humus

MS1

...
Cl)
MS2
>-
..!!
MS3
'0
Cl)

MS4

MS5

0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Cl (mg 11)

Figure 25. Chloride concentration (mg/l) in the soil solution from sampling sites OL-
KKI-l, OL-KKI5 and OL-KKI6.

The nitrate concentrations of the soil solution were below 1.5 mg/l in all samples except
for the humus layer of OL-KK16, where the nitrate concentration was 7.4 mg/l (Fig.
26).

-OL-KK14
----.- OL-KK15

Humus

MS1

MS2
Gi
>-
..!!
MS3
'0
Cl)

MS4

MS5

0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

N03 (mg 11)

Figure 26. Nitrate concentration (mg/l) in the soil solution from sampling sites OL-
KKI-l, OL-KKI5 and OL-KKI6.
 34

The sulfate concentrations in the soil solution samples from OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and
OL-KK16 varied between 17.4 - 204.2 mgll (Fig. 27). The highest values were found in
OL-KK15 and OL-KK16 samples in mineral layers MS2 and MS3. The OL-KK14
samples showed less variation than the samples from the other two sampling sites.

-OL-KK14
- OL-KK15
----A---- OL-KK16
Humus

MS1

MS2
Qj
>-
~
MS3
'0
Cl)

MS4

MS5

o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220

504 (mg 11)

Figure 27. Sulfate concentration (mg/l) in the soil solution from sampling sites OL-
KKI-l, OL-KKI5 and OL-KKI6.

In addition phosphate was found in the humus layers of OL-KK15 and OL-KK16. The
phosphate concentration in the humus layer of OL-KK15 was as high as 85.2 mglI. In
OL-KK16 the corresponding value was only 0.5 mglI. No phosphate was found from
the mineral soil samples.

4.7. Cations in the soil solution

The ICP-MS results of the soil solution from OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and OL-KK16 are
presented in Appendix 8. The main cations in the soil solution are presented in figures
28 - 30. The main cations in the soil solution samples were Na, Mg, K and Ca. Other
analyzed metals were AI, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, S, Cd, Cs, Pb and U.

The highest sodium concentrations 16 mg 11 were found in the deepest layer of sampling
site OL-KK15 (Fig 28). The minimum value of 1.3 mgll was found in MS 2 layer of
sampling site OL.KK14. The average Na concentration was also highest in OL-KK15
samples, being 8.3 ± 5.4 mgll (n=6). In OL-KK14 and OL-KK16 the sodium
concentrations showed less variation. The average sodium concentrations were 3.9 ± 2.1
mg 11 (n=5) and 5.1 ± 2.0 mgll (n=5) in OL-KK14 and OL-KK16, respectively.
 35

-OL-KK14
_ OL-KK15
~OL-KK16
Humus

MS1

...
Cl)
MS2
>-
..!!
MS3
'0
Cl)

MS4

MS5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Na ( mg 11 )

Figure 28. Na concentrations in soil solution in sampling sites OL-KKI-l, OL-KKI5

and OL-KKI6.

The Mg concentrations of the soil solution from sampling sites OL-KK14, OL-KK15
and OL-KK16 varied between 0.6 - 11.5 mg/l (Fig. 29). The highest average value of
6.5 ± 3.9 mg /l was found in sampling site OL-KK15.

-OL-KK14
_ OL-KK15
~ OL-KK16
Humus

MS1

MS2
Gi
>-
..!!
MS3
'0
Cl)

MS4

MS5

0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Mg ( mg 11)

Figure 29. Mg concentrations in soil solution in sampling sites OL-KKI4, OL-KKI5

and OL-KKI6.
 36

The potassium concentrations of the soil solution were highest in the humus layer for all
sampling sites (Fig. 30). The average potassium concentration in the humus layer was
lS.l ± 2.1 mg 11 (n=3). In all sampling sites the potassium concentrations decreased
after the humus layer in the MS 1 layer and increased again in the deeper layers. The
average potassium concentration in the MSl - MSS layers was 4.S ± 3.0 mgll (n=13).

-OL-KK14
- OL-KK15

Humus

MS1

.... MS2
Cl)
>-
..!!
MS3
'0
Cl)

MS4

MS5

o 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

K ( mg 11 )

Figure 30. K concentrations in soil solution in sampling sites OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and
OL-KK16.

Ca concentrations showed considerable variation between different layers and sampling

sites (Fig. 31). The highest value of 2S mgll was found in the humus layer of sampling
site OL-KKI6. Almost as high concentrations (24 mg/l) were also detected in OL-KKI6
MS3 layer. The smallest concentrations of calcium were found in the OL-KKI4
samples from the layers MS2 and MS3.
 37

-OL-KK14
- OL-KK15

Humus

MS1

.... MS2
Cl)
>-
..!!
MS3
'0
Cl)

MS4

MS5

o 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26
Ca ( mg 11 )

Figure 31. Ca concentrations in soil solution in sampling sites OL-KKI-l, OL-KKI5

and OL-KKI6.

In all sampling sites the nickel concentrations (Fig. 32) of the soil solution were small.
The highest nickel concentrations of the soil solution were found in the humus layer for
sampling sites OL-KK14 and OL-KK16. The Ni concentration in the humus layer of
OL-KK14 was 0.015 mg/l and in OL-KK16 0.013 mg/l. In OL-KK15 the Ni
concentration in the humus layer was lower then in the other two sampling sites, being
0.005 mg/l. In OL-KK15 the highest nickel concentrations (0.013 mg/l) were found in
the MS 1 layer. In the lower layers (MS2 - MS5) of all sampling sites the nickel
concentrations decreased and the variation between different layers and sampling sites
were minor in these layers. The average Ni concentrations in MS2 - MS5 layers of all
sampling sites was 0.0012 ± 0.0006 mg/l (n=10).
 38

-OL-KK14
_ OL-KK15
----A---- 0 L-K K 16
Humus

MS1

.... MS2
Cl)
>-
..!!
MS3
'0
Cl)

MS4

MS5

0.000 0.004 0.008 0.012 0.016

Ni ( mg 11 )

Figure 32. Ni concentrations in soil solution in sampling sites OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and
OL-KK16.

The cesium concentrations of the soil solution samples were low in all sampling sites
and in all sites the highest concentrations were found in the humus layer (Fig. 33.). The
highest cesium concentrations were found in the humus layer of sampling site OL-KK
15 (0.4 ).lg/l). The average Cs concentration in the humus layer of all sampling sites was
0.3 ± 0.2 ).lg/l. After the humus layer the Cs concentrations decreased and in the mineral
soil layers MSl - MS5 the average Cs concentration of OL-KKI4. OL-KKI5 and OL-
KK16 was 0.02 ± 0.03 ).lg / I
 39

-OL-KK14
_ OL-KK15

Humus

MS1

...
Cl)
MS2
>-
..!!
MS3
'0
Cl)

MS4

MS5

0.0000 0.0001 0.0002 0.0003 0.0004 0.0005

Cs ( mg 11 )

Figure 33. Cs concentrations in soil solution in sampling sites OL-KKI-l, OL-KKI5 and
OL-KKI6.
 41

5 SUMMARY

The dry matter content and pH of the soil samples from all sampling sites increased as a
function of depth. The organic matter content of the soil samples decreased respectively.

The soil type in the OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and OL-KK16 samples was mainly sandy till,
which corresponds to the previous studies in the Olkiluoto area (Lintinen eta 1. 2003,
Rautio et al 2004. Huhta, 2007). The proportion of clay (0 < 0.002mm) varied from 0
to 12 %. In previous studies the clay content has generally varied from 7 to 14%
(Lintinen et a1. 2003, Lahdenpedi et a1. 2005).

The main minerals found in the soil samples were quartz, K-feldspar and plagioclase in
all grain size fractions. Also small amounts of mica, chlorite and amphibole were found.
In previous studies (Lintinen et a1. 2003) the typical minerals found in the < 2 mm
fraction of the soil samples were quartz, plagioclase, K-feldspar, mica, chlorite and
hornblende. In these studies the typical minerals for the <0.002 mm fraction have been
illite, chlorite and hornblende.

The concentrations in the different steps of the extraction procedure showed

considerably variety. The proportion of the elements found in exchangeable fraction,
carbonate fraction, oxide fraction, organic matter fraction and residual fraction varied
between sampling sites, sampling layers and grain sizes. This may refer to the
differences in the composition of carbonates, Fe-Mn oxides, organic matter as well as
cation exchange capacity and silicates in different soil layers and grain sizes.

The depth profiles of 137CS in the sampling sites studied showed considerable variety.
The average total activity was 6.0 ± 1.1 kBq/m2 in the soil profiles from OL-KK15. In
soil profiles 1, 2 and 3 from OL-KK16 the average total 137Cs activity was 3.9 ± 1.1
kBq/m2. The peak activities for 137CS were in organic layer in the depth of 1 - 6 cm for
all three profiles from OL-KK15. For the samples from OL-KK16 the peak activities
were found in mineral layer in the depth of 6 - 10 cm. The difference between OL-
KK15 and OL-KK16 depends on the thickness of the organic layer. In OL-KK15
profiles thickness of the organic layer was 10 cm but in 0 L-KK 16 profiles it was only 1
cm. As humus can retain cesium, the difference in the thickness of organic layer can
induce a more intense downwards migration of 137Cs in OL-KK16 than in OL-KK15.

The F, Cl, N0 3 and S04 concentrations in the soil solution samples from sampling sites
OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and OL-KK16 showed significant variation and the main cations
in the soil solution samples were Na, Mg, K and Ca.

The results of this study will later be further analyzed and used as background
information in the following sorption tests, in which Kd values for Cs, I, Tc and later for
Mo, Nb and Cl are to be determined.
42
 43

REFERENCES

Abollino 0., Giacomino, A., Malandrino, M., Mentasti, E., Aceto, M., Barberis, R.,
2006. Assessment of metal availability in a contaminated soil by sequential extraction,
Water, Air and Soil Pollution 137, 315 - 338.

Arvela H., Markkanen, M., Lemmela, H., 1990. Mobile survey of environmental
gamma radiation and fall-out levels in Finland after the Chernobyl accident, Radiation
Protection Dosimetry 32,177-184.

Bain, D. c., Tau Strand, L., Gustafsson, J. P., Melkerud, P.-A., Frase, A. R., 2003.
Chemistry, mineralogy and morphology of spodsols at two Swedish sites used to assess
methods of counteracting acidification. Water, Air and Soil Pollution: Focus 3, 29 - 47.

Haapanen, R., editor, 2006. Results of Monitoring at Olkiluoto in 2005, Environment,

Posiva Working Report 2006-68.

Huhta, P., 2007. Studies of Quarternary Deposits of Investigation Trench OL-TK13 at

the Olkiluoto Study Site, Eurajoki, SW-Finland, Posiva Working Report 2007-34.

Ilus, E., Saxen, R., 2005. Accumulation of Chernobyl-derived 137CS in bottom

sediments of some Finnish Lakes. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 82, 199 -
221.

Kansanen, P., H., Jaakkola, T., Kulmala, S., Suutarinen, R., 1991. Sedimentation and
distribution of gamma-emitting radionuclides in bottom sediments of southern Lake
Paijanne, Finland, after the Chernobyl accident. Hydrobiology 222, 121 - 140.

Kahkonen, A-M., 1996. The geochemistry of podzol soil and its relation to lake water
chemistry, Finnish Lapland. Bulletin 385. Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo.

Lahdenpera, A., Palmen, J., Hella, P., 2005. Summary of Overburden Studies at
Olkiluoto with an Emphasis on Geosphere-Biosphere Interface, Posiva Working Report
2005-11.

Lintinen, P., Kahelin, H., Lindqvist, K., Kaija, J., 2003. Soil sample analyses of
Olkiluoto, Posiva Working Report 2003-01.

Lujaniene G., Motiejunas, S., Sapolaite, J., 2006. Sorption of Cs, Pu and Am on clay
minerals. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 274 (2), 345 - 353.

Malkonen, E. (edit.), 2003. Forest soil and its management (in Finnish).
KustannusosakeyhtiO Metsalahti, ISBN 952-5118-55-X.

Rautio, P., Latvajarvi, H., Jokela, A., Kangas-Korhonen, P., 2004. Forest resources on
Olkiluoto Island. Posiva Working Report 2004-35.
 44

R~dd)'. K. R., X l.l, C. Y., Chilllham.-.,dd y, S., 20lfl _ A,,",smeni oi' e1edrok illeli~ removal
r
orl",,,,,y melals Irom ,oil by ~"<.jlJ<'lllilll extraction anllly~i~. ",l/iml(lll~ \-I<ll."riills R&4.
27'1-2%.

Ryli R., I %5. On the determination of soil pH. Journal of the Scientitic Agriculrural
Society of Finland. 37, 5J-(;O.

S<:hulv. \IX" Inn. K.(i.V.'" Tin. 7.C. Rllmdl. Vi" C. Smith, G., Rieg<lhki, S.R ..
fillilxll . .T •• 19<J8a, Identification of Radiolludide Pmtitioning ill Soils and Sediments:
Dctcrmimnioll of OptinnUll Conditions fol' the Lxchn.ngcabk i'raction of the 1'ISI'
Standard Sequential Extraction Protocol, i\ppl. Radial. ISOL 44 (4-1 I). 12H':J-12,)J.

S,hulv. )....Ji<;hil."] K._ Rum"l!. Williilll1 C. Inn. Kellnelh CT._ l'Ylgb. Evaiualioll or"
Se<.]uenlial FxinU:lillll Ivklhou l(lT Delermillillg A,lillilk FradionilliOll in Soih imu
Sediments. J. En\irollllental Radioactivity. 40 (2), 155-174,

Schultz. M. K.. 13urn~tt. \\' .. Inn, K, (J, W., Smith, (j., I'NHc. (Jeoch~micai partitioning
or actinides u~ing <;equcntiai ckmieai extractions: ComparisDII ID stahlc cicnlCnts .
.1olLmal 01' Radioanal}li,al imu NlKiear Chellll';lry, 234 (1-2), 251 - 250.

lessier, A., CampbdL p.a, c., Bisson. :\1.,1'179. Sequential Fxtnll'tion Procedure for
thc Spceiatioll of Paninliarc trace rv1ctals. Analytical ChcmistJ'y. 51 (7). 844-851.

Westman, C . .1., 10/11. SDii and its lunction as eulturc mcdium (in Finnish). L1niversity
or He1~ink i Deparlment 01' Si vikullme Re~eilr~h 1\ Oles 1\:0 07. (1 n Fimli sh)
aT DBE, Soil, 11l1p:ii\\'\v\v.~U\l, liiprojektiVglobeiopeltuj.m/ol*elim,mpt'ra.h lm I
2.G.2008. (in Fimlisll)
APPENDIX 1. Grain size distribution
Appendix 1.1. The grain size distribution of OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and OL-KK16 and the cumulative weight percent of different grain sizes in
OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and OL-KK16.
Sampling 0.002-0.063 0.125-0.063 0.25-0.125 0.5-0.25
site Layer <0.002 mm mm mm mm mm 1.0-0.5 mm 2.0-1.0 mm > 2.0 mm
% % % % % % % %
OL-KK14 MS1 1 4 15 15 20 14 7 24
OL-KK14 MS2 11 25 7 12 16 13 9 5
OL-KK14 MS3 6 21 12 12 15 12 10 13
OL-KK14 MS4 5 25 15 13 12 12 10 7
OL-KK15 MS1 0 1 3 9 15 10 20 42
OL-KK15 MS2 12 26 2 12 15 14 11 9
OL-KK15 MS3 5 22 16 13 14 12 8 10
OL-KK15 MS4 8 15 11 12 18 17 13 6
OL-KK15 MS5 4 15 15 15 13 9 9 19
OL-KK16 MS1 2 8 8 9 13 12 20 28
OL-KK16 MS2 6 19 12 12 15 11 11 15
OL-KK16 MS3 5 24 16 16 14 8 6 11
OL-KK16 MS4 4 23 19 16 15 6 6 11

Sampling 0.002-0.063 0.125-0.063 0.25-0.125 0.5-0.25

site Layer <0.002 mm mm mm mm mm 1.0-0.5 mm 2.0-1.0 mm > 2.0 mm
Cumulative Cumulative Cumulative Cumulative Cumulative Cumulative Cumulative Cumulative
% % % % % % % %
OL-KK14 MS1 1 5 20 35 55 69 76 100
OL-KK14 MS2 11 37 44 56 72 85 94 100
OL-KK14 MS3 6 26 38 50 65 77 87 100
OL-KK14 MS4 5 30 45 58 71 82 93 100
OL-KK15 MS1 0 1 4 13 28 38 58 100
OL-KK15 MS2 12 38 40 52 67 80 91 100
OL-KK15 MS3 5 27 42 56 69 81 89 100
OL-KK15 MS4 8 23 34 46 65 81 94 100
OL-KK15 MS5 4 19 34 49 62 72 80 100
OL-KK16 MS1 2 10 18 27 40 52 72 100
OL-KK16 MS2 6 25 37 48 63 74 85 100
OL-KK16 MS3 5 28 45 61 75 83 89 100
OL-KK16 MS4 4 27 45 61 76 82 89 100
APPENDIX 2_ Minerals
/\ppcndix 2.1. Minerals (%) in OL-f,J'-l4 ,oil samples. For the samples with piu, sign the content of the mineral in question is I to 2 %. Plus
sign in parcL1th~,i, m~an, thm the rniL1~ral has hc~L1 dctc~tcd wilh minorproportioL1.

Layer Grain size Minerals

K~

mm I I I Mica I I Notes Hematite

MS1 <0.063 ;; i; ;; :; :; not T~nd not found

0,063-0.125 70 15 10 <5 • nol found not found
0.125-0.25 65 10 15 5 <5 nol found not found
0,25-0.50 75 10 15 <5 • nol found not found
70
;; <5
f~~~
~
0, 5;' 15 15
• ::
I M" I I
0,063-0.125 75 10 15 ;~ "';' • possible
0.125-0,25 65 10 25 <5 <5 <5 not found
0.25-0.50 65 15 20 <5
<5
•
<5
<5
<5
possible
0.5-1 70 10 15 not found
'~2 70 10 15 <5 • • not found
I Moo
0,063-0.125
0.125-0,25
::
70
:~
10
~~
15
;~
<5
<;

•
nol
•
~~md ' I
<5
not found
0.25-0.50 70 10 20 <5 • nol found not found
0.5-1
'~2 ;: :; :: <5
<5
•
<5
: : found not found

M54 <0.063 60 15 25 <5 <5 <5 preparation possible

0,063-0.125 70 10 15 <5 • <5 not found
0.125-0,25 65 10 15 <5 • nol found <5
0.25-0.50 70 10 15 <5 • not found <5
0.5-1
'~2 :: :: i: <5
<5
<5
•
: : found <5
<5
 For the smnples with sign the content of the minemi ill question is 1 to 2 %, Pills

Layer size Minerals

mm
MSl <0,063 55 15 25 <5 <5 <5 Some kaolinite not found
0,063-0,125 70 10 20 • • • not found
° 125-0.25
0.25-0,50
70
60
10
15
20
20
<5
<5
•
•
not found
not found
not found
not found

, I
0,063-0,125 70 10 20 <5 • not found not found
° 125-0.25
0.25-0,50
55
60
10
15
25
15
<5
<5
<5
<5
not found
not found
5
5
0,5-1 65 15 20 <5 <5 <5 possible
, I •"
, I
0,063-0,125 70 10 20 • • • not found
0,125-0.25 65 10 20 <5 • (. ) not found
0.25-0,50 70 15 15 <5 • • not found
0,5-1 65 10 20 <5 • • possible

0,063-0,125 70 10 15 <5 • • Talc (+) not found

0,125-0.25 70 10 15 <5 • • Talc (+) not found
0.25-0,50 70 10 20 <5 • (. ) not found
0,5-1 65 15 20 <5 • • not found

0,063-0,125 70 15 15 <5 <5 (.) not found

0,125-0.25 75 10 15 • • not found not found
0.25-0,50
0,5-1
70
70
10
10
20
15
<5
<5
•
<5
not found
not found
not found
<5
 For the smnples with sign the content of the minemi ill question is 1 to 2 %, Pills

Layer size Minerals

mm
Some kaolinite in
MSl <0.063 mm' 65 10 20 <5 • • IR not found
0.125-0,063 70 10 15 <5 • • not found
0.25-0,125 75 10 15 <5 • • not found
0.5-0,25 60 10 30 <5 • not found not found
1.0-0,5 55 25 20 <5 • not found not found

0.125-0,063 80 5 15 <5 • (.) not found

0.25-0,125 75 10 15 <5 • • not found
0.5-0,25 70 10 15 <5 • not found <5
•
1.0-0,5 70 10 15 <5 • • not found 0

0.125-0,063 70 10 20 <5 not found not found <5

0.25-0,125 75 10 15 • • not found not found
0.5-0.25 70 10 15 • • not found not found

mm
M54 65 10 20 <5 <5 <5 not found
0.125-0,063 65 10 20 • not found not found <5
0.25-0,125 75 10 15 • • • not found
0.5-0,25 75 10 15 <5 • not found not found
1.0-0,5 70 15 15 <5 • • possible
 I
I

V1
o

I
I
APPENDIX 3. Th o XRO spectra of th e mineral layers of sampling sites OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and OL-KK16

A ppelldl ~ :U 01.-1<1< 14 I\IS l1ayer, grdill si}'.\: < 0. 06] mm

• -

••

h ,il ", Mlf'N .L I

• 10 '0 .. l. J. ,,\ , L I

, ~
.
Ap i'Cu dix :; 2. OL·KK 14 MS I layer, !!raill slLC IJJx,; - O. L2S mm
FfI. Q1..2J5

• • -

-
, 1-0,
'00700 10
•
l a
I , Il
. 0
I I. :, I .1
,.
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Appendix 3 3. OL·KK I4 MSllayCf. grain ~iz.c 0. 125 - 0.25 mm

-
••
Appendix 3 4. OL·KK 14 MS ll ayCf. grain ~iz.c 0.25 - 0.50 mm

,. ocno, ...

.-
. ,
\,....
.10' 200 loO t.o 1.0 a
g._lA]
Appendix 3 ~ . OL·KK 14 MSllayCf. grain ~iz.c 0.50 - 1.0 mm

-
-
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1. 1 l ,
•• •• •• •
Appendix 3 6. OL· KK 14 MS I layer. grain ~iz.c I · 2 mm

""', I ,
,'. .. ••
.I

I I I
Api'Cudix :; 7. OL·KK 14 MS2 laycc, IIraill 3iz.c <. OO('J mm

.. 00
ApI)CtIdix :; ij . OL·KK 14 MS2 laycc, IIraill 3iz.c Q.063 - Q L2S mm

~--

-
• •

,\ , 11 wlJ ,. i l. 11...1. 1 !. " ~ . •

•
Appendix 3 9_ OL-KKI4 MS2 layer, grain size 0_125 - 0.25 mm

F III>:O!I--322 mKloIinl.b
Api'Ctldix:; IQ OL-KK I4 ~ I S2 J ~ycr, grain size 0.25 - 050 mm

••

••

---"'
Api>CI1dix:; JJ OL-KK J4 ~ I S2 J ~ycr, grain size 050 - 1.0 mm

. ...
~

-
-
•
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l • •
Appendix 3 12. OL-KK14 .\lS2iaycr, grain size 10 - 2.0 mm

",-"""". B~ """. ,,- ·'.0

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o
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I .[ ,I
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d- _ _ 1A1
ApI)CtIdix :; J:; OL-KK I4 ) 153 J ~ycr, grain size <0 063 mm

"",0'
Appendix 3 14. OL-KKI4 .\lS3iaycr, grain size 0.063 - 0125 mm

-
.00

'\ I I" . J , It 1 ,
. . ... .. i

'

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11 11 I 1 11

, : '
Appendix 3 15 OL-KKI4 .\1S3 layer, grain size 0 125 - 0 .25 mm

,
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.

• 00

A '-.-J,,,_,, I _~ .IN..."
;.I ,
"
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0. 0. '.
40 '
.
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A ppendix 3 16 OL-KK 14 .\ lS3 layer. I!rain size 0 .25 - 0.50 mm

-
-
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I
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,! 11
I
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Appendix 3 17 OL-KK I4 .\ lS3 layer. I!rain size 0.50 - 1.0 mm

FtIo-M-.llll

- , ~

."

• r\
0001>OG le
, - --
-----...
tC .c
1'k,,'~.MUd " j

"
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Appendix 3 I~ OL-KKI4 .\lS3iaycr, grain size 10 - 2.0 mm

Rot; 0I-319Dote- 24 62006TI/IlI!; 11:11 .29 FIIo;08-319 G1K Mi.ub

."

,±T,=';,=r,=±!.h ¥Ji>'l drlbdI.Joi. dI.../l±- ,""",I!ddl.dlbbl...&

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ApI)CtIdix:; 19 OL-KK I4 ) 1 S4 I~ycr, grain size <QJJ63 mm

•• m

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.10.' 100 .0 iO ' .0 20

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A ppendix 3 20 OL-KK14 .\ lS4 layer. I!rain size 0.063 - 0 125 mm

..
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.00

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Appendix 3 21 OL-K.K 14 .\ lS4 layer. I!rain size 0 125 - 0. 25 mm

-
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Appendix 3.22. OL-KK14 .\lS4iaycr, grain size 0.25 - 0.50 mm

F i ll>:06-3I ~

"--«K" C ~""" .;..<1.'

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,--
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Appendix 3 23 OL-KK14 .\ lS4 layer. I!rain size 0.50 - 1.0 mm

, ......,. , -

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1

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60
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Appendix 3 24 OL-KK14 .\ lS4 layer. I!rain size ]0 - 2.0 mm

H ·... 08-JI3-1

' ±T.'==tr~~".ru ".jd~±r:t ~ ""'" !m±~

.. _
....)

, ' : 'I , 1"

1" 1" : 1: : : :'
Appendix 3.25. OL-KK15 MSllayer, grain size <0.063 mm

File: OS-204Date: 20.1.2009 Time: 13:20:40 Fi le: ()B-2()4 GTKMinlab

Co urtSfs
n-fTI

4000

2000

d-spaciflg [Ill
Appendix 3 26 OL-KKl ~ -' IS I layer. g,rai n size 0.063 - 0 125 mm

fIII.. !!f.205Qo!! it S 2001 r.... ,usa

ApI'Ctldix :; 27 OL-KK I5 ) 151 J~ycr, grain size 0. 125 - 0 25 mm

~.- -1'''''''''''''''',..,...-- - , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,

-
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-
Appendix 3.2~ OL-KK15 .\lS1iaycr, grain size 0.25 - 0.50 mm

F i" : 08-207 (lTJ(~j nl . "

I I I I
I
I I
I I
Ap i'Ctldix :; 29 OL-KK I5 ~ I S l J ~yt:r, grain size 050 - 1.0 mm

"

-
ApI'Ctldix :; JO OL-KK I5 ) 151 J~ycr, grain size 10 - 2.0 mm

f!!,OHO'lQ!It_2?,mfe, 'tXl 11 folo:_ 911$ _ _

- ~;;;--------,----------,
Api>CI1dix :; 3 I OL-KK I5 ~ I S2 J~ycr, grain size <QJJ63 mm

••
Appendix 3 32. OL-KK15 .\lS2iaycr, grain size 0.063 - 0 125 mm

F"": 08-304 GTKMinhb

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00
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I
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A ppendix 3 34 OL-KK l ~ .\ lS2 layer. I!rain size 0.25 - 0.50 mm

~.M _ _FMrnm~'-------r-----------------------1

. 00
Appendix 3 35 OL-KKl ~ .\ lS2 layer. I!rain size 0.50 - )0 mm

r ..:oa.3OlIlIIIo 23'200"'.... 'H':'

- "'

".
Appendix 3.36 OL-KK15 .\lS2iaycr, grain size 10 - 2.0 mm
Appendix 3 37 OL-KKl ~ .\ lS3 layer. I!rain size <0 063 mm
Api>CI1dix J J ~ OL-KK 15 ~ I S J J ~ycr, grain size O.06J - 0 12S mm

F"": 1I8-211

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Appendix 3 39 OL-KK1~ .\ lS3 layer. I!rain size 0 125 - 0.25 mm

s
f l![ !!f.211CN!i:"XI 2901 r.... l!U§CQ f llt;OW11

-<11<1 .. ~ ,

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Appendix 3.40. OL-KK15 .\lS3iaycr, grain size 0.25 - 0.50 mm

Fill.-!18_2'<l mKM:nL. b

-
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Appendix 3.41 OL-KK15 .\lS3iaycr, grain size 0.50 -10 mm

GTKl4inLab
Api'Ctldix:; 42 OL-KK I5 ) 153 J~yt:r, grain size 10 - 2.0 mm

.,

-
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• .., .7U 10 10 u
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Appendix 3.43 OL-KK15 .\lS4iaycr, grain size -:0.063 mm

Fill:. {l3.22BDIIle. 2.0 20015 r ore; 6;30.43

Api>CI1dix J 44 OL-KK I5 ) 1 S4 I ~ycr, grain size O.06J - O I2S mm

F*-M m

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Appendix 3.45 OL-KK15 .\lS4iaycr, grain size 0 125 - 0.25 mm

Fi ..: OO-;>J!l

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Api>CI1dix:; 46 OL-KK I5 ~ 1 S4 I~ycr, grain size 0.25 - 050 mm

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Appendix 3 47 OL-KKl ~ .\ lS4 layer. I!rain s.ize 0.50 - ) .0 mm

-
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ApI'Ctldix :; 4~ OL-KK I5 ) 1 S4 I~ycr, grain size 10 - 2_0 mm

_ -118-233

, ... ...
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I I cl' _ 1' !J.1 J L
.0 iO •.Q 1.0

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Appendix 3 4~ OL-KKl ~ -' l S~ laycr. l!rain size <0 063mm
Appendix 3 50. OL-KK15 .\lS5iaycr, grain size 0.063 - 0 125 mm

GTKto1inLab

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Appendix 3 52. OL-KK15 .\lS5iaycr, grain size 0.25 - 0.50 mm

FIt; 08-21JDau.- ~ S2006 T....' 14:51 ,06 f ilo;06-213 GTK"'inLab

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Appendix 3 53 OL-KK15 .\lS5iaycr, grain size 0.50 - 10 mm

FiIo: l1li-2" mKMi.u.b

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ApI'Ctldix :; ~4 OL·KK I~ ~ I S ~ J ~ycr, grain size 10 - 2.0 mm

-
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Appendix 3 ~5 OL-KK16 .\ IS I layer. grain ~ize < OJ)63 mm

(SoHJI

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.-
Appendix 3 56 OL-KK16 -' IS Ilaycr. l!rain size 0.063 - 0 125 mm

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Appendix 3 57. OL-KK16 .\lS1iaycr, grain size 0125 - 0.25 mm

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Appendix 3 ~ 8 OL-KK16 -' IS Ilaycr. l!rain size 0.25 - 0.50 mm

9 11S !!!<!UII!

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Appendix 3 59. OL-KK16 .\lS1iaycr, grain size 0.50-10 mm

F ilo: OO-202 mKMinLaIl

,-_ .. 11<1
Ap i'Ctldix :; 6(J OL-KK I6 ~ I S l J~ycr, grain size 1.0 - 2.0 mm

, ,

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ApI'Ctldix :; 61 OL-KK I6 ) 152 J~ycr, grain size <0 063 mm

_ - II1II-222

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Ap i'Ctldix J 62 OL-KK 16 ~ I S2 J~yt:r, grain size O.06J - 0 12S mm

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Api>CI1dix :; 6:; OL-KK I6 ) 152 J~ycr, grain size O ilS - 0 .25 mm

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ApI)CtIdix:; 64 OL-KK I6 ~ I S2 J~ycr, grain size 0.25 - 050 mm

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Api'Ctldix:; 65 OL-KK I6 ~ I S2 J ~ycr, grain size 050 - 10 mm

- ~~~------------------,
ApI)CtIdix:; 66 OL-KK I6 ~ I S2 J~yt:r, grain size 1.0 - 2.0 mm

n o: 115-221

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..
App~ndix:; 67 OL·KK I6 MS) l~ycr, grain .iz~ « J06) mm

-,
-
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I
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10
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ApI'Ctld ix J 6~ OL-KK 16 ~ I S3 J ~ycr, grain size O.06J - 0 12S mm

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Appendix 3.69 OL-KK16 .\1S3 layer, grain size 0 125 - 0.25 mm

F Ik>:O!I-334 mKlIinLab

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Api>CI1dix:; 70 OL-KK I6 ) 15) J ~ycr, grain size 025 - OSO mm

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Appendix 3 71 OL-KK16 .\ l53 layer. g,rain ~ize 0.50 - )0 mm

~~M ~~AAmRn~~-------'-----------------------------'

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Appendix 3 72. OL-KK16 .\lS3iaycr, grain size 10 - 2.0 mm

F ill>: OO-337
ApI'Ctldix :; n OL-KK I6 ) 1 S4 I~ycr, grain size < (J 063 mm

, .

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Ap i'Ctldix J 74 OL-KK 16 ~ 1 S4 I ~ycr, grain size O.06J - 0 12S mm

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A ppendix 3 75 OL-KK 16 .\ lS4 layer. I!rain ~ize 0 125 - 0. 25 mm

, • ,

f-'\ ___ . . .. , j/ll JJ I .1 l . . '.

• 0110100 10 cc ' .0 20

-"
A ppendix 3 76 OL-KK16 .\ lS4 layer. I!rain size 0.25 - 0.50 mm

flt9!-WY*. i4 g 2009 r!I!C. 192.&

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Appendix 3 77 OL-KK 16 .\ lS4 layer. I!rain size 0.50 - )0 mm

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Ap i'Ctldix :; 7~ OL-KK I6 ~ 1 S4 I~ycr, grain size 1.0 - 2.0 mm

k;-;r. I
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i. I.

I
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 APPENDIX 4. ICP-MS analysis results
Appendix 4.1. The rep-MS analysis results of the selective extraction step A (exchangeable fraction) for OL-KK14 soil samples. The
concentrations below the detection limit are indicated with «).
Layer Grain size Li Na Mg K Ca Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Sr Mo Cd Cs Pb

mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg
OL-KK 14 <0.063 0.23 18 326 208 2634 0.56 24 192 5.63 8.9 5.0 450 44 57 16 2.1 7.4 < 29
Humus 0.063-0.125 0.21 < 171 129 1676 0.48 13 116 4.56 5.3 4.7 558 44 58 11 2.2 7.3 < 19
0.125-0.25 0.21 6.9 244 173 1992 0.52 18 145 5.07 6.9 4.7 522 44 57 13 2.1 7.3 < 23
0.25-0.50 0.20 13.5 298 194 2266 0.47 22 174 5.20 7.7 4.5 491 41 54 14 2.0 6.9 < 24
0.50-1.0 0.19 15.4 308 193 2557 0.44 23 166 5.21 7.9 4.4 471 40 52 15 1.9 6.7 < 25
1.0-2.0 0.21 17.9 350 221 2829 0.47 29 193 5.74 8.7 4.8 606 42 56 19 2.1 7.2 < 28
OL-KK 14 <0.063 0.46 24.3 70 71 445 0.55 1.1 51 3.28 2.2 4.1 73 40 51 5.2 2.4 6.5 < 9.9
MS1 0.063-0.125 0.46 13.0 36 33 298 0.49 < 24 3.08 1.1 3.8 112 40 52 3.7 2.2 6.5 < 7.9
0.125-0.25 0.40 5.3 43 30 282 0.49 < 23 3.02 1.2 3.7 148 39 50 3.7 2.0 6.3 < 7.7
0.25-0.50 0.38 8.8 41 36 251 0.42 < 25 2.97 1.0 3.6 138 39 49 2.4 2.0 6.3 < 7.7
0.50-1.0 0.37 6.5 34 31 269 0.49 < 23 3.20 1.1 3.8 241 42 53 3.2 2.1 6.8 < 7.9
1.0-2.0 0.34 0.86 32 28 289 0.56 0.002 22 3.42 1.1 4.0 279 44 57 3.5 2.2 7.2 < 8.3
OL-KK 14 <0.063 0.42 9.1 174 158 784 0.47 1.5 8 3.03 0.76 3.0 289 41 52 4.6 2.1 6.7 < 7.1
MS2 0.063-0.125 0.37 1.4 103 117 563 0.43 1.3 8.6 3.17 0.73 3.8 339 43 55 4.0 2.1 7.0 < 7.2
0.125-0.25 0.32 1.6 132 106 691 0.41 1.2 7.6 2.83 0.70 3.4 317 38 49 4.0 1.9 6.2 < 6.4
0.25-0.50 0.34 4.3 147 121 688 0.41 1.9 7.8 2.84 0.78 3.5 400 38 49 5.3 1.9 6.3 < 6.5
0.50-1.0 0.35 4.8 141 127 743 0.49 1.2 8.8 3.24 0.83 3.9 400 44 56 4.7 2.2 7.1 < 7.4
1.0-2.0 0.33 8.2 131 118 697 0.49 0.84 8.7 3.20 0.76 3.8 460 43 55 5.4 2.2 7.1 < 7.4
OL-KK 14 <0.063 0.33 3.9 124 189 655 0.44 3.0 7.8 2.96 0.71 3.9 341 40 51 3.0 2.0 6.5 < 6.8
MS3 0.063-0.125 0.29 < 64 131 519 0.44 2.0 8.0 3.02 0.66 3.8 410 41 52 3.5 2.0 6.6 < 6.8
0.125-0.25 0.27 < 67 120 463 0.38 1.4 7.6 2.85 0.61 3.4 361 39 49 2.9 1.9 6.3 < 6.4
0.25-0.50 0.29 < 79 141 513 0.43 1.4 77 2.90 0.62 3.5 429 39 50 3.9 1.9 6.4 < 6.6
0.50-1.0 0.28 < 79 142 548 0.42 1.1 7.9 2.98 0.63 3.5 441 40 51 3.7 2.0 6.6 < 6.7
1.0-2.0 0.28 < 72 136 539 0.43 1.2 8.1 3.05 0.63 3.6 463 41 53 4.0 2.0 6.7 < 6.9
OL-KK 14 <0.063 0.34 < 56 195 717 0.44 6.4 7.9 3.00 0.70 3.6 465 41 52 3.9 2.0 6.6 < 6.0
MS4 0.063-0.125 0.28 < 34 145 503 0.41 4.2 7.8 2.99 0.69 3.6 478 40 51 3.5 2.0 6.6 < 6.1
0.125-0.25 0.28 < 32 141 474 0.42 3.7 8.1 3.11 0.71 3.6 447 42 53 2.6 2.1 6.8 < 6.4
0.25-0.50 0.29 < 36 151 627 0.49 4.0 8.6 3.29 0.78 3.8 496 44 56 3.1 2.2 7.2 < 6.7
0.50-1.0 0.29 < 43 156 592 0.42 4.5 8.1 3.14 0.70 3.6 459 43 54 2.7 2.1 6.9 < 6.4
1.0-2.0 0.28 < 46 158 638 0.45 4.8 7.8 3.02 0.72 3.6 508 41 52 3.4 2.0 6.6 < 6.1
 Appendix 4.2. The rep-MS analysis results of the selective extractions step B (carbonate fraction) for OL-KK14 soil samples. The
concentrations below the detection limit are indicated with «).
Layer Grain size Li Na Mg K Ca Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Sr Mo Cd Cs Pb
mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg
OL-KK
< < 11 25 319 1.3 0.72 1217 0.61 1.8 0.69 60 8.5 13 2.2 0.34 0.65 < 6.6
14 <0.063
Humus 0.063-0.125 < < 1.9 < 238 0.94 < 720 0.47 1.3 0.55 323 8.4 13 1.2 0.34 0.62 < 2.4
0.125-0.25 < < 2.8 < 275 1.1 0.09 1034 0.55 1.5 0.82 44 8.8 13 1.5 0.35 0.65 < 2.7
0.25-0.50 < < 8.8 13 301 1.2 1.0 1263 0.63 1.7 0.90 50 9.3 14 1.8 0.37 0.70 < 4.8
0.50-1.0 < < 9.2 14 302 1.1 0.03 1175 0.60 1.6 0.72 47 8.9 13 1.8 0.35 0.67 < 5.2
1.0-2.0 < < 12 13 325 0.88 0.81 893 0.60 1.6 0.51 52 8.5 13 2.1 0.34 0.65 < 4.5
OL-KK
< 78 1.4 < 236 1.4 < 686 0.47 1.1 1.1 29 9.1 14 1.1 0.59 1.1 < 1.2
14 <0.063
MS1 0.063-0.125 < 7.8 < < 236 0.86 < 243 0.46 1.0 0.26 25 9.3 14 1.0 0.48 0.73 < 0.30
0.125-0.25 < < 0.28 < 239 0.86 < 258 0.48 0.98 0.23 24 9.4 14 1.0 0.45 0.66 < 0.33
0.25-0.50 < < < < 228 0.67 < 123 0.46 0.90 < 23 8.9 13 1.0 0.41 0.62 < 0.07
0.50-1.0 < 0.14 < < 215 0.56 < 79 0.41 0.81 < 18 8.3 12 0.84 0.36 0.63 < 0.08
1.0-2.0 < 7.1 < < 233 0.56 < 54 0.44 0.87 < 19 8.9 13 0.88 0.38 0.70 < 0.11
OL-KK
< < < 6.4 327 0.58 5.3 42 0.47 0.92 0.98 18 8.4 12 1.1 0.36 0.60 < 0.34
14 <0.063
MS2 0.063-0.125 < < < < 293 0.49 3.0 < 0.42 0.88 < 17 8.3 12 1.0 0.34 0.61 < 0.16
0.125-0.25 < < < 8.6 334 0.50 4.5 58 0.42 0.96 0.13 18 8.1 12 1.2 0.33 0.59 < 0.35
0.25-0.50 < < 0.52 9.8 345 0.48 5.9 63 0.43 1.1 0.27 23 8.1 12 1.3 0.32 0.59 < 0.36
0.50-1.0 < < 0.77 9.5 366 0.52 5.8 72 0.46 1.2 0.27 24 8.7 13 1.4 0.35 0.64 < 0.35
1.0-2.0 < 1.7 0.78 7.5 396 0.53 4.4 39 0.48 1.1 0.00 21 9.3 14 1.4 0.38 0.69 < 0.30
OL-KK
< < 2.4 17 334 0.57 25 118 0.68 1.2 2.8 33 8.5 13 1.4 0.35 0.63 < 1.1
14 <0.063
MS3 0.063-0.125 < < < < 374 0.52 11 39 0.52 1.1 0.93 22 9.0 13 1.3 0.37 0.66 < 0.42
0.125-0.25 < < < 3.0 328 0.46 7.0 18 0.43 1.0 1.0 19 8.0 12 1.1 0.33 0.59 < 0.26
0.25-0.50 < < < 3.5 320 0.44 6.4 23 0.44 0.88 0.42 19 8.0 12 1.1 0.33 0.59 < 0.30
0.50-1.0 < < < 1.6 385 0.50 6.2 10 0.50 0.99 0.35 20 9.2 14 1.2 0.38 0.67 < 0.25
1.0-2.0 < < 0.47 < 347 0.48 5.0 < 0.46 0.94 < 18 9.0 13 1.1 0.36 0.66 < 0.09
OL-KK
< < 67 8.8 1288 0.59 58 281 0.85 1.5 3.3 26 8.5 12 1.9 0.34 0.61 < 2.9
14 <0.063
MS4 0.063-0.125 < < 41 < 1177 0.54 40 164 0.70 1.3 1.6 19 8.6 13 1.6 0.35 0.62 < 1.9
0.125-0.25 < < 30 < 1245 0.50 37 124 0.64 1.2 0.92 18 8.1 12 1.5 0.33 0.59 < 1.4
0.25-0.50 < < 37 < 1455 0.48 45 152 0.68 1.3 0.93 19 8.2 12 1.7 0.33 0.60 < 1.6
0.50-1.0 < < 44 2.4 1899 0.53 50 211 0.78 1.4 1.4 19 8.5 13 1.8 0.35 0.61 < 2.1
1.0-2.0 < < 55 1.5 2295 0.56 49 252 0.88 1.6 1.7 21 8.7 13 2.3 0.35 0.63 < 2.0
 Appendix 4.3. The rCP-MS analysis results of the selective extractions step C (Fe and Mn oxide fraction) for OL-KK14 soil samples. The
concentrations below the detection limit are indicated with «).
Layer Grain size Li Na Mg K Ca Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Sr Mo Cd Cs Pb
mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg
OL-KK
0.50 < < 6.0 266 2.1 0.1 248 1.6 2.4 0.8 37 17 21 1.9 1.3 0.32 < 0.38
14 <0.063
Humus 0.063-0.125 0.49 < < 0.20 287 1.7 0.0 141 1.5 2.2 0.8 23 17 21 1.8 1.2 0.31 < 0.05
0.125-0.25 0.51 < < 1.7 287 1.8 1.0 192 1.6 2.3 0.8 27 17 22 1.9 1.3 0.32 < 0.16
0.25-0.50 0.53 < < 2.3 282 2.0 1.0 261 1.7 2.5 0.9 33 18 23 2.0 1.4 0.34 < 0.24
0.50-1.0 0.51 < < 3.4 310 2.0 0.3 278 1.6 2.4 0.9 34 18 22 2.0 1.3 0.33 < 0.35
1.0-2.0 0.48 < < 4.4 284 1.8 0.7 261 1.6 2.2 0.7 33 17 21 2.1 1.3 0.31 < 0.38
OL-KK
< 0.33 < < 597 1.6 1.1 98 1.4 2.0 1.0 25 21 27 2.3 1.6 0.72 < 0.14
14 <0.063
MS1 0.063-0.125 < < < < 588 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.9 0.9 23 21 27 2.3 1.6 0.65 < <
0.125-0.25 < 2.7 < < 417 1.3 0.9 0.69 1.4 1.8 0.7 22 21 26 2.0 1.5 0.66 < 0.02
0.25-0.50 < < < < 361 1.1 0.8 < 1.3 1.7 0.7 20 19 25 1.9 1.4 0.60 < <
0.50-1.0 < < < < 301 1.0 0.9 < 1.3 1.6 0.6 20 19 24 1.8 1.3 0.62 < <
1.0-2.0 < 1.8 < 2.5 251 1.0 0.7 < 1.3 1.7 0.6 21 20 25 1.8 1.3 0.62 < <
OL-KK
< 4.5 5.8 9.7 1240 1.3 68 175 2.3 2.4 2.3 22 19 24 3.6 1.3 0.59 < 0.34
14 <0.063
MS2 0.063-0.125 < 0.39 0.82 1.6 620 1.0 124 97 3.1 3.5 1.5 21 19 24 2.4 1.3 0.60 < 0.34
0.125-0.25 < 2.5 3.2 7.2 766 1.1 261 177 4.8 5.7 2.1 22 18 24 2.8 1.3 0.62 < 0.47
0.25-0.50 < 1.9 4.8 5.8 860 1.0 398 180 6.2 8.0 2.6 26 18 23 3.1 1.2 0.65 < 0.48
0.50-1.0 < 2.7 1.5 7.3 819 1.1 396 133 5.9 8.9 2.4 24 20 25 3.2 1.3 0.73 < 0.37
1.0-2.0 < 11 2.5 18 933 1.2 493 248 7.1 9.7 3.3 27 21 27 3.5 1.4 0.74 < 0.35
OL-KK
< 1.0 0.31 7.8 953 1.2 103 280 2.8 2.9 3.4 23 19 25 3.0 1.3 0.60 < 0.54
14 <0.063
MS3 0.063-0.125 < < < 0.9 733 1.1 120 106 3.0 3.5 2.1 25 20 26 2.6 1.4 0.64 < 0.30
0.125-0.25 < 0.21 0.48 0.8 562 1.0 115 94 2.7 3.5 1.8 21 18 23 2.3 1.2 0.57 < 0.24
0.25-0.50 < 0.07 0.46 2.6 544 0.9 89 69 2.3 2.8 1.6 20 18 23 2.3 1.2 0.57 < 0.25
0.50-1.0 < 0.56 3.0 5.0 656 1.1 110 91 2.7 3.5 2.0 24 21 26 2.8 1.4 0.65 < 0.26
1.0-2.0 < < 2.1 4.7 489 1.1 99 85 2.4 3.1 1.7 24 20 26 2.3 1.4 0.64 < 0.13
OL-KK
< 3.3 109 14 801 1.3 55 913 1.9 2.7 2.0 31 19 24 2.7 1.3 0.58 < 0.51
14 <0.063
MS4 0.063-0.125 < 0.36 57 5.8 714 1.1 20 318 1.6 2.2 1.1 22 19 25 2.6 1.3 0.60 < 0.19
0.125-0.25 < 0.28 50 4.5 567 1.0 18 244 1.5 2.1 0.9 22 18 23 2.2 1.2 0.57 < 0.22
0.25-0.50 < 1.55 62 7.4 620 1.1 20 326 1.5 2.2 0.9 25 18 24 2.4 1.2 0.57 < 0.15
0.50-1.0 < 0.4 74 9.5 713 1.1 30 466 1.6 2.4 1.2 23 19 24 2.5 1.3 0.59 < 0.23
1.0-2.0 < 1.3 71 10 721 1.2 29 483 1.7 2.5 1.2 25 19 25 2.6 1.3 0.60 < 0.24
Appendix 4.4. The rep-MS analysis results of the selective extractions step D (organic matter fraction) for OL-KK14 soil samples. The
concentrations below the detection limit are indicated with (<).
Layer Grain size Li Na Mg K Ca Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Sr Mo Cd Cs Pb

mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ mQ/kQ
OL-KK
0.80 16 278 116 62 10 1.3 4115 0.43 4.6 53 7.8 < 2.7 0.18 0.11 < < <
14 <0.063
Humus 0.063-0.125 0.39 6.0 188 69 43 5.4 0.72 3112 0.12 2.1 27 < < 2.2 0.02 0.04 < < 0.83
0.125-0.25 0.83 7.2 340 118 43 9.0 1.4 5520 0.45 3.7 43 4.4 < 3.5 0.08 0.25 < < 1.8
0.25-0.50 0.87 7.5 383 142 42 9.7 2.0 6262 0.60 4.2 49 5.2 < 3.4 0.10 0.28 < < 0.77
0.50-1.0 0.46 19 230 83 72 8.1 3.5 5914 0.54 3.7 47 5.7 0.28 3.6 0.19 0.23 < < 1.7
1.0-2.0 0.38 7.3 196 73 49 7.7 6.9 6721 0.80 3.6 48 5.3 0.50 3.5 0.18 0.30 < < 1.8
OL-KK
0.81 17 221 33 244 5.7 0.56 887 0.67 1.6 3.1 7.9 8.3 11 0.97 0.96 0.64 < 0.15
14 <0.063
MS1 0.063-0.125 < 15 172 22 174 2.1 0.36 349 0.51 0.83 < 6.6 7.8 10 0.87 0.47 0.37 < <
0.125-0.25 0.28 9.1 201 17 119 2.0 0.36 409 0.50 0.78 < 5.8 7.7 10 0.72 0.39 0.37 < <
0.25-0.50 0.14 11 185 20 111 1.9 0.43 447 0.50 0.79 < 6.5 7.2 9.6 0.70 0.36 0.35 < <
0.50-1.0 < 8.8 128 19 91 1.2 0.29 407 0.43 0.65 0.03 5.4 7.0 9.3 0.67 0.36 0.34 < 0.04
1.0-2.0 < 11 110 27 98 0.95 0.23 459 0.44 0.61 < 4.7 7.5 9.8 0.77 0.37 0.37 < 0.06
OL-KK
1.62 35 142 60 464 1.4 1.8 17 0.71 1.8 < 6.6 7.0 9.5 1.3 0.29 0.35 < 0.06
14 <0.063
MS2 0.063-0.125 0.49 23 98 48 220 0.82 1.2 32 0.60 1.2 < 4.3 7.1 9.5 0.98 0.29 0.35 < 0.17
0.125-0.25 1.09 29 127 49 344 0.77 2.6 29 0.73 1.4 < 5.0 6.8 9.2 1.1 0.28 0.33 < 0.19
0.25-0.50 1.22 30 128 49 381 0.82 3.8 30 0.85 1.6 < 6.1 6.8 9.2 1.3 0.28 0.33 < 0.16
0.50-1.0 1.04 30 123 49 359 0.68 3.0 23 0.77 1.5 < 4.6 7.4 9.9 1.4 0.30 0.36 < 0.19
1.0-2.0 1.02 29 127 51 325 0.62 2.8 23 0.76 1.4 < 4.4 7.8 11 1.3 0.32 0.38 < 0.19
OL-KK
1.14 36 151 63 368 0.94 2.1 53 0.86 2.2 < 7.1 7.3 9.7 1.4 0.30 0.36 < 0.28
14 <0.063
MS3 0.063-0.125 0.21 22 110 62 197 0.42 1.2 58 0.66 1.4 0.41 6.8 7.6 10 1.0 0.31 0.37 < 0.19
0.125-0.25 0.26 19 102 61 159 0.40 1.3 74 0.64 1.4 0.12 6.4 6.8 9.1 0.89 0.28 0.33 < 0.14
0.25-0.50 0.33 20 105 57 162 0.29 1.2 64 0.62 1.2 < 5.9 6.8 9.0 0.96 0.27 0.33 < 0.16
0.50-1.0 0.55 24 131 73 231 0.32 1.3 56 0.72 1.6 < 7.7 7.8 10 1.3 0.31 0.38 < 0.17
1.0-2.0 0.21 18 109 61 145 0.26 1.0 79 0.62 1.8 < 5.2 7.7 10 0.89 0.31 0.37 < 0.11
OL-KK
0.37 32 158 59 177 0.66 6.7 888 2.0 3.4 7.2 13 7.1 9.6 1.3 0.29 0.36 < 0.02
14 <0.063
MS4 0.063-0.125 0.05 31 121 66 138 0.37 2.6 567 1.6 2.7 3.8 8.5 7.2 9.7 1.0 0.34 0.36 < 0.07
0.125-0.25 < 22 100 55 97 0.23 1.7 429 1.2 2.0 1.3 6.5 6.8 9.0 0.81 0.28 0.34 < 0.01
0.25-0.50 < 26 103 57 136 0.22 1.8 500 1.2 2.5 4.3 7.6 6.9 9.2 0.98 0.30 0.34 < <
0.50-1.0 0.15 26 127 65 119 0.29 2.6 464 1.2 2.1 1.9 7.6 7.1 9.4 0.89 0.29 0.35 < <
1.0-2.0 0.84 45 213 104 126 0.3 2.7 475 1.5 2.4 3.0 8.1 7.3 9.8 0.97 0.30 0.37 < 0.09
 Appendix 4.5. The ICP-MS analysis results of the selective extractions step E (residual fraction) for OL-KK14 soil samples. The concentrations
below the detection limit are indicated with «).
Layer Grain size Li Na Mg K Ca Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Sr Mo Cd Cs Pb
mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg
OL-KK
< < < < < 19.76 < < < 9.3 < < < 5.3 1.9 < 0.13 646 <
14 <0.063
Humus 0.063-0.125 < < < < < < < < < < < < < 1.1 < < 0.11 642 <
0.125-0.25 < < < < < < < < < < < < < 11 < < 5.9 674 <
0.25-0.50 < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.5 < < 0.12 706 <
0.50-1.0 < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.2 < < 0.11 675 <
1.0-2.0 < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.1 < < 0.13 646 <
OL-KK
< < < < 2647 32 < < < 12 < < < 12 22 < 0.28 691 <
14 <0.063
MS1 0.063-0.125 < < < < 534 < < < < < < < < 6.9 6.8 < 0.55 696 <
0.125-0.25 < < < < < 5.4 < < < < < < < 5.0 < < 0.36 691 <
0.25-0.50 < < < < < 3.1 < < < < < < < 4.8 < < 0.25 647 <
0.50-1.0 < < < < < < < < < < < < < 4.2 < < 0.23 627 <
1.0-2.0 < < < < < < < < < < < < < 3.5 < < 0.21 667 <
OL-KK
2.8 279 2561 1140 3934 39 14 < 3.0 15 < 11 < 8.4 29 < 0.27 631 <
14 <0.063
MS2 0.063-0.125 < < < < 906 1.5 < < < < < < < 5.4 8.6 < 0.24 635 <
0.125-0.25 2.9 166 1906 594 2932 23 18 < 2.5 7.9 < 9.4 < 7.3 23 < 0.23 617 <
0.25-0.50 < 20 223 < 1829 10 < < 0.88 2.5 < < < 6.4 14 < 0.28 614 <
0.50-1.0 2.2 145 1710 < 2574 15 < < 1.8 4.6 < 2.3 < 7.4 20 < 0.25 662 <
1.0-2.0 23 426 6854 3496 5529 41 91 4208 5.8 15 < 27 < 10 39 < 0.29 706 <
OL-KK
5.3 136 2086 1317 2850 27 < < 1.2 9.9 < 5.1 < 7.7 19 < 0.26 652 <
14 <0.063
MS3 0.063-0.125 < < < < 1352 8.0 < < < 1.8 < < < 6.5 11 < 0.24 681 <
0.125-0.25 6.9 < 1046 417 691 13 < < 0.20 4.7 < 2.3 < 5.3 6.6 < 0.22 610 <
0.25-0.50 8.8 < 1405 988 564 17 < < 0.23 7.2 < 3.4 < 5.1 4.8 < 0.22 613 <
0.50-1.0 10 < 1453 1194 558 14 < < 0.35 5.3 < 6.1 < 5.9 4.0 < 0.25 699 <
1.0-2.0 18 < 3034 2611 324 17 < < 1.1 7.3 < 10.1 < 6.2 3.1 < 0.24 691 <
OL-KK
5.0 273 2645 1144 4874 27 < < 1.1 7.6 < 0.3 < 8.3 29 < 0.24 636 <
14 <0.063
MS4 0.063-0.125 < < < < 2126 6.1 < < < 0.4 < < < 6.6 14 < 0.25 649 <
0.125-0.25 < < < < 684 1.5 < < < < < < < 4.9 5.3 < 0.22 614 <
0.25-0.50 < < < < 270 < < < < < < < < 4.5 2.1 < 0.23 624 <
0.50-1.0 2.3 6.4 1240 324 1530 11 < < 0.33 2.3 < < < 5.9 11 < 0.23 641 <
1.0-2.0 5.1 < 1315 < 901 8.8 < < 0.10 1.6 < < < 7.3 6.3 < 0.23 657 <
 Appendix 4.6. The ICP-MS analysis results of the selective extractions step A (exchangeable fraction) for OL-KK15 soil samples. The
concentrations below the detection limit are indicated with «).
Layer Grain size Li Na Mg K Ca Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Sr Mo Cd Cs Pb
mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg
OL-KK
2.7 < 938 661 4957 < 33 185 8.6 6.4 9.5 1535 28 106 25 2.9 5.1 7.5 65
15 <0.063
Humus 0.063-0.125 1.0 < 1077 874 5402 < 44 205 5.3 8.2 5.4 729 10 39 26 1.1 2.2 2.9 59
0.125-0.25 1.1 < 1229 1007 6359 < 49 231 5.9 9.5 5.9 836 11 40 32 1.1 2.4 3.0 63
0.25-0.50 1.0 < 1360 1125 6847 < 53 236 6.1 10 5.6 688 10 39 33 1.1 2.4 2.8 64
0.50-1.0 1.0 < 1320 1109 7106 < 66 225 6.3 10 6.0 814 11 39 35 1.1 2.4 2.9 64
1.0-2.0 1.0 < 1329 1229 7016 < 60 204 6.2 9.5 5.9 690 11 40 32 1.1 2.4 2.8 64
OL-KK
1.5 59.91 198 121 876 0.26 5.8 18 2.8 2.0 2.5 < 12 32 6.2 1.5 1.6 2.3 5.7
15 <0.063
MS1 0.063-0.125 1.1 29.36 50 40 221 < < 3.9 1.6 0.02 2.5 < 7.6 26 0.7 0.91 1.2 1.9 3.8
0.125-0.25 1.0 7.307 30 21 138 < < 2.3 1.5 < 1.4 < 7.0 26 < 0.78 1.2 1.9 3.8
0.25-0.50 1.1 19.16 28 24 162 < < 2.3 1.5 < 1.5 < 7.7 27 < 0.88 1.3 2.0 3.4
0.50-1.0 1.0 < 25 16 70 < < 2.0 1.4 < 1.3 < 6.8 25 < 0.74 1.1 1.9 3.3
1.0-2.0 0.94 < 19 14 117 < < 1.6 1.3 < 1.3 82 6.3 24 2.0 0.69 1.0 1.8 3.0
OL-KK
1.1 10.07 215 227 721 < < 1.2 1.4 < 1.3 102 6.7 26 5.1 0.74 1.1 1.9 2.4
15 <0.063
MS2 0.063-0.125 0.94 < 116 138 354 < < 0.91 1.3 < 1.1 88 6.2 23 3.3 0.67 1.0 1.7 2.2
0.125-0.25 1.0 < 178 182 586 < < 1.0 1.4 < 1.2 111 6.7 25 4.5 0.72 1.1 1.9 2.5
0.25-0.50 1.1 < 198 199 719 < < 1.1 1.4 < 1.2 148 6.8 26 5.8 0.73 1.1 2.0 2.4
0.50-1.0 1.0 < 202 195 690 < < 0.83 1.4 < 1.2 125 6.9 26 5.4 0.74 1.2 2.0 2.4
1.0-2.0 1.0 < 181 179 595 < < 0.80 1.4 < 1.2 135 6.9 26 4.8 0.73 1.2 2.0 2.6
OL-KK
0.92 < 118 151 785 < < 0.66 1.3 < 1.1 120 6.5 24 4.2 0.69 1.1 1.9 2.2
15 <0.063
MS3 0.063-0.125 0.88 < 61 89 386 < < 0.55 1.4 < 1.0 135 6.7 25 2.8 0.70 1.1 1.9 2.2
0.125-0.25 0.84 < 59 87 398 < < 0.63 1.3 < 1.0 152 6.4 24 3.0 0.68 1.1 1.8 2.1
0.25-0.50 0.83 < 60 81 430 < < 1.1 1.3 < 1.1 115 6.6 25 2.0 0.70 1.1 1.9 2.2
0.50-1.0 0.90 < 73 92 454 < < 0.53 1.4 < 1.1 179 7.1 27 3.5 0.75 1.2 2.0 2.4
1.0-2.0 0.85 < 65 80 433 < < 0.60 1.4 < 1.1 196 6.8 26 3.6 0.72 1.1 1.9 2.3
OL-KK
0.88 < 221 281.5 567 < 8.7 0.18 1.3 < 1.1 112 6.5 24 3.9 0.76 1.1 1.8 2.3
15 <0.063
MS4 0.063-0.125 0.86 < 121 173.9 379 < 3.9 0.15 1.4 < 1.1 151 6.8 26 2.8 0.76 1.1 1.9 2.4
0.125-0.25 0.85 < 120 158.1 309 < 3.7 < 1.4 < 1.1 162 6.9 26 2.1 0.77 1.2 1.9 2.4
0.25-0.50 0.79 < 127 171.3 314 < 4.1 < 1.3 < 1.0 159 6.5 24 2.0 0.73 1.1 1.8 2.2
0.50-1.0 0.83 < 126 175.1 410 < 4.7 < 1.5 2.229 1.2 263 7.0 26 3.8 0.78 1.2 1.9 2.4
1.0-2.0 0.78 < 117 163 331 < 3.3 < 1.4 < 1.0 195 6.7 25 1.9 0.74 1.1 1.8 2.3
OL-KK
0.80 < 110 199.7 348 < 3.4 < 1.4 < 1.3 221 6.9 26 2.0 0.73 1.1 1.9 2.4
15 <0.063
MS5 0.063-0.125 0.72 < 48 110.5 173 < < < 1.4 < 1.1 201 6.7 25 0.31 0.70 1.1 1.8 2.3
0.125-0.25 0.69 < 44 110.2 263 < < < 1.3 < 0.94 384 6.4 24 3.7 0.67 1.1 1.8 2.2
0.25-0.50 0.68 < 37 92 187 < < < 1.3 < 0.89 202 6.5 25 0.20 0.68 1.1 1.8 2.3
0.50-1.0 0.71 < 50 111.6 218 < < < 1.4 < 0.90 245 6.7 25 0.81 0.71 1.1 1.8 2.4
1.0-2.0 0.67 < 54 105.3 168 < < < 1.3 < 0.84 236 6.4 24 0.61 0.67 1.1 1.8 2.6
 Appendix 4.7. The rep-MS analysis results of the selective extractions step B (carbonate fraction) for OL-KK15 soil samples. The
concentrations below the detection limit are indicated with «).
Layer Grain size Li Na Mg K Ca Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Sr Mo Cd Cs Pb
mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg
OL-KK
0.69 24.8 29 < 1059 2.7 2.1 < 2.3 4 2 224 35 43 5 1.9 2.0 < 12
15 <0.063
Humus 0.063-0.125 0.77 1067 2011 3137 6741 12 156 777 8.6 23 72 4189 15 26 65 0.92 1.9 2 489
0.125-0.25 5.8 9462 21813 29619 49887 58 1011 5375 58 165 490 30270 29 92 477 2.5 14.0 19 5418
0.25-0.50 11 19176 56044 65756 129462 97 2520 8286 129 316 801 59800 41 160 1150 3.0 35.9 43 11241
0.50-1.0 5.1 8465 25300 29965 126870 103 4044 10096 149 323 776 58433 38 127 1127 3.0 16.7 21 5191
1.0-2.0 12 18947 77122 82858 272062 108 5708 11929 277 534 1045 102401 42 174 2352 3.8 52.3 59 11404
OL-KK
0.44 5.5 10 69 325 2.0 37 676 3.6 2.0 4.7 62 11 14 2.6 0.83 0.67 0 2
15 <0.063
MS1 0.063-0.125 0.23 3.6 < 12 238 0.86 7.8 108 1.2 1.0 4.9 26 8.6 11 1.2 0.55 0.49 0 0
0.125-0.25 0.20 4.1 < < 244 0.69 2.0 18 0.74 0.92 0.4 22 8.7 11 1.1 0.51 0.50 0 0
0.25-0.50 0.22 4.4 < 0.17 249 0.69 1.5 2 0.72 0.91 < 22 9.0 11 1.1 0.54 0.52 0 0
0.50-1.0 0.20 4.0 < < 237 0.59 2.5 < 0.73 0.85 < 19 8.5 10 1.0 0.49 0.48 < <
1.0-2.0 0.18 4.8 0.04 < 227 0.54 0.32 < 0.56 0.78 < 20 7.9 10 1.0 0.45 0.45 < <
OL-KK
0.30 9.2 38 64 353 0.91 32 433 0.84 1.9 6.1 44 8.9 12 1.7 0.48 0.53 0 4
15 <0.063
MS2 0.063-0.125 0.24 6.7 21 35 319 0.67 20 180 0.61 1.5 2.5 21 8.1 11 1.3 0.44 0.48 < 2
0.125-0.25 0.26 6.3 25 48 324 0.69 22 228 0.72 1.5 2.4 29 8.7 11 1.4 0.47 0.51 < 2
0.25-0.50 0.28 7.3 29 53 356 0.76 19 310 0.72 1.6 3.2 31 9.0 12 1.5 0.48 0.53 < 3
0.50-1.0 0.25 5.4 21 34 300 0.64 9 107 0.61 1.2 1.1 29 8.9 11 1.3 0.49 0.52 < 1
1.0-2.0 0.22 4.8 42 4.3 1433 0.62 42 184 0.87 1.3 0.7 23 8.9 11 1.8 0.48 0.51 < 2
OL-KK
0.21 5.4 39 5.5 1398 0.62 47 187 0.88 1.4 1.0 27 8.4 11 1.8 0.45 0.48 < 2
15 <0.063
MS3 0.063-0.125 0.21 5.3 36 4.0 1091 0.69 51 180 1.0 1.6 0.9 22 8.6 11 1.6 0.46 0.49 < 2
0.125-0.25 0.27 8.4 75 29 1330 0.91 123 550 2.1 2.9 3.9 41 8.4 11 2.3 0.44 0.50 < 5
0.25-0.50 0.27 7.7 26 45 342 0.72 14 268 0.7 1.5 2.9 29 8.6 12 1.5 0.46 0.50 < 3
0.50-1.0 0.23 5.1 44 5.8 1809 0.64 44 206 0.87 1.4 0.8 28 9.1 12 2.0 0.49 0.53 < 2
1.0-2.0 0.21 4.6 41 4.6 2012 0.59 53 161 0.84 1.2 0.5 20 8.7 11 1.9 0.47 0.50 < 2
OL-KK
0.45 8.9 145 59 1639 0.90 117 786 1.5 2.6 8.8 43 9.0 12 2.9 0.47 0.49 0 8
15 <0.063
MS4 0.063-0.125 0.31 5.9 89 19 1508 0.74 72 428 1.1 1.8 3.4 31 9.1 12 2.2 0.49 0.50 < 4
0.125-0.25 0.31 5.6 83 20 1664 0.74 74 431 1.1 1.8 3.3 25 9.2 12 2.3 0.49 0.51 < 4
0.25-0.50 0.31 5.4 86 22 1966 0.69 82 445 1.1 1.8 3.3 25 8.7 11 2.4 0.47 0.48 < 4
0.50-1.0 0.32 6.7 93 21 3027 0.71 94 436 1.1 1.8 3.3 24 9.3 12 3.1 0.50 0.51 < 4
1.0-2.0 0.30 6.4 89 19 2596 0.69 75 408 1.1 1.8 3.2 23 9.0 11 2.9 0.48 0.49 < 4
OL-KK
0.27 5.4 110 18 1568 0.66 58 269 0.88 1.6 7.7 27 9.0 11 2.1 0.48 0.50 < 4
15 <0.063
MS5 0.063-0.125 0.21 3.1 55 < 1147 0.57 33 88 0.66 1.2 2.2 22 8.5 11 1.6 0.46 0.48 < 2
0.125-0.25 0.19 3.3 47 < 1333 0.52 27 56 0.64 1.1 0.4 20 8.1 10 1.6 0.44 0.46 < 2
0.25-0.50 0.19 2.5 46 < 1909 0.52 31 37 0.62 1.0 < 23 8.2 10 2.0 0.45 0.47 < 1
0.50-1.0 0.20 3.6 41 < 2333 0.54 53 50 0.67 1.1 0.1 22 8.5 11 1.9 0.47 0.49 < 2
1.0-2.0 0.18 2.6 28 0.15 2614 0.49 49 16 0.55 0.92 < 21 8.0 10 1.9 0.44 0.46 < 1
Appendix 4.8. The rCP-MS analysis results of the selective extractions step C (Fe and Mn oxide fraction) for OL-KK15 soil samples. The
concentrations below the detection limit are indicated with (<).

Layer Grain size Li Na Mg K Ca Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Sr Mo Cd Cs Pb

mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg
OL-KK
<0.063 2.0 < 0.93 < 1065 6.4 7.2 < 6.6 7.6 1.5 160 73 91 7.4 5.5 1.3 < <
15
Humus 0.063-0.125 0.77 < 8.1 < 403 2.3 3.9 < 2.4 2.8 0.56 74 27 33 2.9 2.0 0.48 < 0.38
0.125-0.25 0.82 < 4.3 1.5 445 2.4 3.7 < 2.5 2.8 0.58 73 28 34 3.1 2.1 0.50 < 0.40
0.25-0.50 0.76 < 11 5.0 453 2.3 5.1 < 2.4 2.7 0.58 80 26 33 3.2 2.0 0.48 < 0.60
0.50-1.0 0.79 < 21 9.5 476 2.4 11 < 2.5 2.8 0.62 96 27 34 3.4 2.0 0.49 < 0.83
1.0-2.0 0.78 < 12 15 485 2.4 4.8 < 2.5 2.8 0.57 96 27 34 3.4 2.1 0.50 < 0.71
OL-KK
<0.063 0.85 11 2.3 12 936 2.2 99 127 8.3 2.4 1.5 20 19 24 4.0 1.6 0.36 < 0.44
15
MS1 0.063-0.125 0.59 1.0 < < 813 1.8 22 < 3.0 1.9 2.0 20 19 24 3.2 1.5 0.31 < 0.03
0.125-0.25 0.67 4.3 < < 519 1.6 4.5 < 1.8 1.8 0.65 15 18 23 2.6 1.4 0.36 < 0.05
0.25-0.50 0.67 4.0 < < 454 1.6 2.7 < 1.8 1.9 0.55 16 18 23 2.5 1.4 0.33 < <
0.50-1.0 0.62 1.8 < < 405 1.6 1.4 < 1.6 1.8 0.52 15 18 22 2.3 1.4 0.33 < <
1.0-2.0 0.56 1.4 < < 429 1.5 1.6 < 1.5 1.7 0.48 15 17 21 2.2 1.3 0.30 < <
OL-KK
<0.063 0.96 7.7 54 27 969 1.9 116 554 3.7 4.4 5.3 24 18 23 3.3 1.3 0.36 < 1.16
15
MS2 0.063-0.125 0.74 3.0 29 13 595 1.6 134 246 3.7 4.0 2.7 17 16 21 2.3 1.3 0.33 < 0.58
0.125-0.25 0.89 6.4 45 23 791 1.9 151 504 4.1 4.8 4.6 23 18 23 3.0 1.3 0.36 < 1.19
0.25-0.50 0.81 5.0 29 18 749 1.8 126 374 3.7 4.2 3.7 22 18 23 2.9 1.4 0.36 < 0.94
0.50-1.0 0.76 3.9 18 15 518 1.8 56 263 2.6 3.1 2.7 18 18 23 2.4 1.4 0.35 < 0.76
1.0-2.0 0.74 6.7 17 10 605 1.7 74 186 2.7 3.1 2.3 18 18 23 2.8 1.4 0.34 < 0.42
OL-KK
<0.063 0.78 3.4 46 13 981 1.8 22 427 2.1 2.8 5.8 20 17 22 3.2 1.3 0.31 < 0.94
15
MS3 0.063-0.125 0.66 1.2 16 4.0 635 1.7 19 149 1.9 2.4 2.4 18 18 22 2.5 1.3 0.31 < 0.43
0.125-0.25 0.63 1.1 18 3.5 562 1.7 19 150 1.8 2.3 1.6 18 17 21 2.5 1.3 0.30 < 0.34
0.25-0.50 0.64 1.2 14 3.8 506 1.6 13 130 1.8 2.2 1.2 17 17 22 2.3 1.3 0.31 < 0.24
0.50-1.0 0.65 < 15 0.1 616 1.7 17 213 1.9 2.5 1.5 19 19 23 2.6 1.4 0.33 < 0.19
1.0-2.0 0.72 1.5 34 7.1 646 1.7 12 253 1.8 2.4 1.6 18 18 23 2.6 1.3 0.32 < 0.39
OL-KK
<0.063 1.1 6.0 129 24 713 2.0 54 1232 2.2 2.9 2.9 20 17 22 2.8 1.3 0.31 < 0.47
15
MS4 0.063-0.125 0.89 1.6 73 12 725 1.9 28 666 1.9 2.6 1.5 23 18 23 2.8 1.3 0.32 < 0.36
0.125-0.25 0.80 0.78 49 6.8 611 1.8 27 522 1.9 2.5 1.1 17 18 23 2.6 1.4 0.33 < 0.15
0.25-0.50 0.81 1.5 68 9.5 654 1.7 29 607 1.8 2.4 1.3 17 17 22 2.6 1.3 0.31 < 0.17
0.50-1.0 0.91 2.0 70 13 735 1.9 30 715 2.0 2.6 1.5 18 18 23 2.9 1.4 0.33 < 0.22
1.0-2.0 0.82 1.5 57 10 689 1.8 28 545 1.8 2.4 1.2 18 18 22 2.7 1.3 0.32 < 0.17
OL-KK
<0.063 0.88 3.5 73 12 925 1.8 29 541 2.1 2.9 2.5 20 18 23 3.1 1.4 0.34 < 1.07
15
MS5 0.063-0.125 0.68 1.4 41 4.4 743 1.6 12 164 1.8 2.3 1.8 40 18 22 2.7 1.3 0.33 < 1.52
0.125-0.25 0.61 0.86 30 2.2 554 1.5 7.4 79 1.7 2.2 0.79 44 17 21 2.4 1.3 0.32 < 0.21
0.25-0.50 0.59 < 27 0.4 543 1.5 7.4 56 1.7 2.1 0.68 43 17 22 2.4 1.3 0.32 < 0.12
0.50-1.0 0.62 < 27 2.3 530 1.6 9.7 50 1.7 2.1 0.79 37 18 22 2.3 1.3 0.32 < 0.92
1.0-2.0 0.57 1.4 35 4.1 709 1.5 12 42 1.6 2.0 0.56 30 17 21 2.7 1.3 0.30 < 0.74
 Appendix 4.9. The rep-MS analysis results of the selective extractions step D (organic matter fraction) for OL-KK15 soil samples. The
concentrations below the detection limit are indicated with «).
Layer Grain size Li Na Mg K Ca Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Sr Mo Cd Cs Pb
mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg
OL-KK
<0.063 < 19 99 < 49 5.5 7.9 2943 0.94 3.4 52.5 1.3 < 2.071 0.21 < < < 3.6
15
Humus 0.063-0.125 < 16 65 18 36 3.8 6.3 2005 0.58 2.5 41.8 13 < 0.93 0.17 0.29 < < 0.52
0.125-0.25 < 12 23 2.3 0.28 1.8 2.3 1251 < 1.1 26.1 1.9 < 0.79 < 0.01 < < 0.92
0.25-0.50 < 0.40 13 < 3.5 1.5 0.72 1151 < 1.2 24.4 9.5 < 0.76 < 0.02 < < 1.8
0.50-1.0 < 16 32 10 13 1.9 2.8 1365 0.15 1.5 28.1 12 < 0.78 < 0.08 < < 0.24
1.0-2.0 < 9.5 13 < 12 0.87 0.10 884 < 0.83 18.5 10 < 0.72 < < < < 1.6
OL-KK
<0.063 3.8 28 169 50 467 6.0 15 612 0.92 1.4 5.0 < < 1.914 5.3 0.26 < < <
15
MS1 0.063-0.125 1.1 15 81 27 210 0.85 2.6 92 < 0.17 0.29 < < 1.214 2.0 < < < <
0.125-0.25 0.50 16 44 23 133 0.20 0.60 60 < < < < < 1.172 1.3 < < < <
0.25-0.50 0.59 11 49 33 107 0.13 0.65 84 < < < < < 0.79 1.1 < < < <
0.50-1.0 0.67 10 47 37 128 0.05 1.0 86 < < < < < 0.79 0.82 < < < <
1.0-2.0 0.82 8.3 48 69 166 0.11 1.2 57 < < < < < 0.71 0.75 < < < <
OL-KK
<0.063 3.6 42 276 118 197 1.3 30 122 1.6 4.8 0.62 1.0 < 1.1 0.76 < < < <
15
MS2 0.063-0.125 2.0 25 156 78 155 0.75 18 117 0.85 2.7 0.47 < < 1.0 0.49 < < < <
0.125-0.25 3.1 34 237 107 159 0.87 24 139 1.2 3.7 0.02 < < 1.1 0.51 < < < <
0.25-0.50 2.8 31 218 97 181 0.90 26 161 1.4 4.0 0.31 0.13 < 1.1 0.57 < < < <
0.50-1.0 2.5 28 165 82 224 0.76 35 77 1.3 3.8 0.49 < < 1.1 0.58 < < < <
1.0-2.0 2.6 31 192 85 197 0.83 29 168 1.5 4.1 1.1 < < 1.2 0.70 < < < <
OL-KK
<0.063 1.8 27 181 78 113 1.1 29 254 0.99 3.0 2.5 < < 1.0 0.50 < < < <
15
MS3 0.063-0.125 1.0 21 107 61 108 0.56 13 199 0.54 1.8 3.8 < < 0.77 0.43 < < < <
0.125-0.25 0.90 15 109 49 67 0.25 12 205 0.49 1.5 0.6 < < 0.72 0.37 < < < <
0.25-0.50 1.0 19 109 58 96 0.14 13 285 0.70 2.2 2.6 < < 0.86 0.33 < < < <
0.50-1.0 1.1 19 124 64 92 0.13 14 250 0.56 2.2 0.75 < < 0.87 0.44 < < < <
1.0-2.0 1.0 19 197 55 109 0.04 13 232 0.58 2.1 0.58 < < 0.79 0.43 < < < <
OL-KK
<0.063 2.5 31 253 94 125 0.61 66 483 2.1 4.2 4.8 1.5 < 1.1 0.58 < < < <
15
MS4 0.063-0.125 1.2 19 146 64 71 0.25 28 389 1.2 2.5 1.0 0.33 < 0.78 0.30 < < < <
0.125-0.25 1.2 21 146 76 89 0.29 32 304 1.3 2.6 1.3 < < 0.82 0.37 < < < <
0.25-0.50 1.5 20 184 76 104 0.31 37 291 1.3 2.7 1.3 < < 0.82 0.46 < < < <
0.50-1.0 1.4 21 160 77 103 0.20 34 349 1.2 2.4 1.4 < < 0.81 0.50 < < < <
1.0-2.0 1.3 23 157 76 98 0.29 35 288 1.0 2.2 0.69 < < 0.76 0.40 < < < <
OL-KK
<0.063 1.2 32 175 64 132 0.15 26 716 1.5 3.1 11.0 1.4 < 0.99 0.61 < < < <
15
MS5 0.063-0.125 0.53 20 103 40 83 < 10 512 0.99 2.1 7.8 6.0 < 0.77 0.30 < < < <
0.125-0.25 0.48 13 115 28 50 < 7.7 339 0.62 1.6 1.7 2.3 < 0.65 0.17 < < < <
0.25-0.50 0.35 9.5 84 21 46 < 6.6 383 0.41 1.3 0.76 1.3 < 0.61 0.12 < < < <
0.50-1.0 0.33 6.6 89 16 58 < 6.2 408 0.48 1.7 3.3 < < 0.56 0.15 < < < <
1.0-2.0 0.27 7.0 69 14 170 < 5.7 389 0.34 1.0 1.6 < < 0.65 0.68 0.13 < < 0.37
 Appendix 4.10. The ICP-MS analysis results of the selective extractions step E (residual fraction) for OL-KK15 soil samples. The concentrations
below the detection limit are indicated with «).
Layer Grain size Li Na Mg K Ca Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Sr Mo Cd Cs Pb
mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg
OL-KK
<0.063 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.46 2825 <
15
Humus 0.063-0.125 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.19 1030 <
0.125-0.25 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.21 1072 <
0.25-0.50 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.15 1020 <
0.50-1.0 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.16 1048 <
1.0-2.0 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.20 1061 <
OL-KK
<0.063 18 245 2859 < 6576 31 140 < 3.0 10 < 15 < 18 72 < 0.26 737 <
15
MS1 0.063-0.125 < < < < 2760 < 120 < < < < < < 8.7 21 < 0.21 659 <
0.125-0.25 < < < < 203 < < < < < < < < 4.0 4.8 < 0.20 694 <
0.25-0.50 < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.93 < < 0.15 708 <
0.50-1.0 < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.16 < < 0.18 679 <
1.0-2.0 < < < < < < < < < < < < < 1.8 < < 0.15 637 <
OL-KK
<0.063 < 468 6703 6754 5138 60 89 5971 6.2 25 < 31 < 7.0 36 < 0.17 684 <
15
MS2 0.063-0.125 < 42 565 < 2423 17 < < 0.63 6.8 < < < 4.4 17 < 0.16 626 <
0.125-0.25 10 239 3462 3255 2633 26 < < 2.8 10 < 9.4 < 4.8 20 < 0.16 678 <
0.25-0.50 9.2 199 3445 3091 2481 23 < < 2.9 9.1 < 11 < 4.2 19 < 0.14 693 <
0.50-1.0 16 320 5048 4903 3258 30 < < 4.6 13 < 24 < 6.2 22 < 0.24 706 <
1.0-2.0 10 173 3773 3054 3487 25 < < 3.7 11 < 12 < 5.6 22 < 0.14 705 <
OL-KK
<0.063 < 285 3331 1253 5527 62 54 < 2.8 27 < 3.3 < 7.7 46 < 0.16 660 <
15
MS3 0.063-0.125 < < < < 1455 2.0 < < < < < < < 3.4 16 < 0.15 673 <
0.125-0.25 < < < < 614 < < < < < < < < 2.4 10 < 0.15 645 <
0.25-0.50 < < < < 1112 3.4 < < < 1.1 < < < 2.8 11 < 0.17 664 <
0.50-1.0 < < < < 1082 1.0 < < < 0.07 < < < 2.6 13 < 0.14 718 <
1.0-2.0 < < 675 < 1050 11 < < 1.4 4.3 < < < 3.3 10 < 0.13 691 <
OL-KK
<0.063 11 379 5297 5058 5810 44 58 1246 4.7 16 < 14 < 8.0 45 < 0.17 655 <
15
MS4 0.063-0.125 < < < < 2116 7.6 < < 0.01 1.9 < < < 4.0 20 < 0.13 688 <
0.125-0.25 < < < < 1163 5.4 < < < 1.7 < < < 2.6 13 < 0.15 700 <
0.25-0.50 < < 178 < 1635 9.4 < < 0.69 2.8 < < < 3.3 16 < 0.14 660 <
0.50-1.0 < < 608 < 1389 5.2 < < 0.33 1.0 < < < 2.9 14 < 0.16 704 <
1.0-2.0 < < 1540 259 1942 14 < < 1.3 3.8 < < < 3.9 16 < 0.17 678 <
OL-KK
<0.063 < 148 1368 834 4489 25 < < 0.76 7.6 < < < 7.6 38 < 0.17 698 <
15
MS5 0.063-0.125 < < < < 1095 < < < < < < < < 3.4 13 < 0.22 674 <
0.125-0.25 < < < < < < < < < < < < < 1.8 3.7 < 0.20 644 <
0.25-0.50 < < < < < < < < < < < < < 1.3 < < 0.13 659 <
0.50-1.0 < < < < < 1.2 < < < < < < < 1.8 < < 0.16 680 <
1.0-2.0 < < < < < 1.4 < < < < < < < 2.7 < < 0.14 644 <
 Appendix 4.11. The ICP-MS analysis results of the selective extractions step A (exchangeable fraction) for OL-KK16 soil samples. The
concentrations below the detection limit are indicated with «).
Layer Grain size Li Na Mg K Ca Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Sr Mo Cd Cs Pb
mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/ mg/
kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg
OL-KK
< 447 1204 381 12212 < < 266 < < 1.4 45 45 77 25 < < < 17
16 <0.063
Humus 0.063-0.125 < 516 1408 464 12181 < < 239 < 1.5 3.8 58 42 77 23 < < < 19
0.125-0.25 < 334 1469 587 13365 < < 272 < < 3.5 155 42 74 25 < < < 22
0.25-0.50 < 84 1433 418 14045 < < 343 < < 1.8 187 31 56 29 < < < 18
0.50-1.0 < 90 1532 546 14159 < < 386 < 0.68 0.26 342 29 50 34 < < < 21
1.0-2.0 < 64 1140 422 10770 < < 251 < < < 245 23 41 22 < < < 15
OL-KK
< < 129 197 893 < < < < < 1.6 83 6.5 11 1.3 < < < 0.24
16 <0.063
MS1 0.063-0.125 < < 84 193 422 < < < < < 0.18 45 6.5 11 < < < < 1.6
0.125-0.25 < < 70 138 373 < < < < < < 144 6.9 12 1.4 < < < <
0.25-0.50 < < 53 90 345 < < < < < < 71 6.8 12 < < < < <
0.50-1.0 < < 61 103 366 < < < < < < 135 7.1 13 0.85 < < < <
1.0-2.0 < < 52 112 294 < < < < < < 85 6.8 12 < < < < <
OL-KK
< < 143 284 622 < < < < < < 87 6.8 12 0.70 < < < <
16 <0.063
MS2 0.063-0.125 < < 56 201 241 < < < < < < 170 6.8 12 1.1 < < < <
0.125-0.25 < < 70 318 318 < < < < < < 167 6.9 12 0.26 < < < 0.66
0.25-0.50 < < 74 209 335 < < < < < < 205 6.5 11 2.0 < < < <
0.50-1.0 < < 60 152 265 < < < < < < 122 6.9 12 < < < < <
1.0-2.0 < < 74 161 195 < < < < < < 139 6.9 12 0.02 < < < <
OL-KK
< < 122 266 552 < < < < < < 199 6.6 12 2.4 < < < <
16 <0.063
MS3 0.063-0.125 < < 39 156 169 < < < < < < 198 6.3 11 1.0 < < < <
0.125-0.25 < < 34 136 137 < < < < < < 174 6.5 11 0.56 < < < <
0.25-0.50 < < 34 145 126 < < < < < < 180 6.6 12 0.67 < < < <
0.50-1.0 < < 49 184 74 < < < < < < 205 7.1 13 0.87 < < < <
1.0-2.0 < < 46 165 169 < < < < < < 199 6.7 12 1.0 < < < <
OL-KK
< < 94 361 331 < 4.173 < < < < 169 6.7 12 1.5 < < < <
16 <0.063
MS4 0.063-0.125 < < 43 213 78 < < < < < < 213 6.4 11 1.3 < < < <
0.125-0.25 < < 41 248 155 < < < < < < 234 6.5 12 1.0 < < < 0.22
0.25-0.50 < < 34 184 111 < < < < < < 223 6.5 12 0.79 < < < <
0.50-1.0 < < 40 172 67 < < < < < < 198 6.8 12 < < < < <
1.0-2.0 < < 37 145 81 < < < < < < 155 6.3 11 < < < < <
 Appendix 4.12. The ICP-MS analysis results of the selective extractions step B (carbonate fraction) for OL-KK16 soil samples. The
concentrations below the detection limit are indicated with «).
Layer Grain size Li Na Mg K Ca Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Sr Mo Cd Cs Pb
mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg
OL-KK
<0.063 < < < < < < < 1586 < < < < < < < < < < <
16
Humus 0.063-0.125 < < < < < < < 1199 < < < < < < < < < < <
0.125-0.25 < < < < < < < 1467 < < < < < < < < < < <
0.25-0.50 < < < < 46 < < 1295 < < < < < < < < < < <
0.50-1.0 < < < < 48 < < 1595 < < < 16 < < < < < < <
1.0-2.0 < 8.1 < < 99 < < 1130 < < < 6.0 < < < < < < <
OL-KK
<0.063 < < < 13 11 < < 429 < < 14 < < < < < < < <
16
MS1 0.063-0.125 < < < 3.7 5.8 < < 192 < < 1.4 < < < < < < < <
0.125-0.25 < < < 0.6 6.1 < < 127 < < < < < < < < < < <
0.25-0.50 < 1.9 < 9.2 20 < < 100 < < < < < < < < < < <
0.50-1.0 < < < < 6.3 < < 106 < < < < < < < < < < <
1.0-2.0 < < < < 6.9 < < 95 < < < < < < < < < < <
OL-KK
<0.063 < < < < 87 < 3.9 243 < < 4.0 < < < < < < < <
16
MS2 0.063-0.125 < < < < 45 < < 62 < < < < < < < < < < <
0.125-0.25 < < < < 31 < < 26 < < < < < < < < < < <
0.25-0.50 < < 1 < 49 < < 90 < < < 1.2 < < < < < < <
0.50-1.0 < < < < 38 < < 37 < < < < < < < < < < <
1.0-2.0 < < < < 36 < < 63 < < < < < < < < < < <
OL-KK
<0.063 < 2.5 39 15 565 < 41 130 < < 2.0 < < < < < < < 0.16
16
MS3 0.063-0.125 < 3.2 14 4.7 561 < 21 < < < < < < < < < < < <
0.125-0.25 < < 10 5.1 685 < 19 < < < < < < < < < < < <
0.25-0.50 < 0.02 6.9 < 602 < 15 < < < < < < < < < < < <
0.50-1.0 < < 17 < 2053 < 37 < < < < < < < < < < < <
1.0-2.0 < 6.1 6.3 4.3 984 < 15 < < < < < < < < < < < <
OL-KK
<0.063 < 2.9 88 0.33 1456 < 54 161 < < 6.1 < < < < < < < <
16
MS4 0.063-0.125 < 9.2 49 41 1178 < 32 42 < < < 4.2 < < < < < < 1.1
0.125-0.25 < 6.0 41 13 1415 < 25 5.1 < < < 11 < < < < < < <
0.25-0.50 < 3.3 38 3.1 2057 < 30 0.2 < < < < < < < < < < <
0.50-1.0 < 8.7 43 9.5 2926 < 32 1.3 < < < < < < < < < < <
1.0-2.0 < 6.4 55 13 4533 < 73 35 < < < < < < 0.68 < < < <
 Appendix 4.13. The ICP-MS analysis results of the selective extractions step C (Fe and Mn oxide fraction) for OL-KK16 soil samples. The
concentrations below the detection limit are indicated with «).
Layer Grain size Li Na Mg K Ca Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Sr Mo Cd Cs Pb
mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg
OL-KK
<0.063 < < < 110 353 < 18 529 < 0.56 < 77 24 12 < < < < 3.4
16
Humus 0.063-0.125 < < < < 267 < < 526 < 0.40 < 7.2 26 14 < < < < <
0.125-0.25 < < < < 260 < < 663 < 0.09 < < 23 10 < < < < <
0.25-0.50 < 7.6 < 167 368 < < 650 < 0.89 < 50 24 14 0.05 < < < 3.1
0.50-1.0 < < < 93 233 < < 668 < 0.32 < 34 15 6.1 < < < < 3.0
1.0-2.0 < 9.3 < 109 257 < < 663 < 0.37 < 29 13 5.3 < < < < 3.9
OL-KK
<0.063 < 1.0 < 22 430 < 0.45 761 < 0.19 4.0 6.5 3.8 1.7 0.6 < < < 0.23
16
MS1 0.063-0.125 < 2.6 < 28 487 < 0.36 285 < 0.10 0.08 7.1 3.8 1.8 0.5 < < < 0.23
0.125-0.25 < 3.3 < 36 397 < 0.71 233 < 0.12 < 6.5 4.0 1.8 0.4 < < < 1.2
0.25-0.50 < < < < 304 < < 219 < < < 1.5 4.0 1.8 0.3 < < < <
0.50-1.0 < 1.8 < 29 451 < 2.4 243 < < < 7.1 4.2 2.0 0.7 < < < 0.88
1.0-2.0 < < < 43 281 < < 171 < < < < 4.0 1.9 0.2 < < < <
OL-KK
<0.063 < < < 3.1 774 < 8.0 528 0.15 0.74 3.4 5.2 4.0 2.4 1.1 < < < <
16
MS2 0.063-0.125 < < < < 485 < 5.9 159 < 0.34 < 2.7 4.0 2.1 0.5 < < < <
0.125-0.25 < < < < 263 < 4.6 107 < 0.25 < < 3.9 1.9 0.1 < < < <
0.25-0.50 < < < 6.6 311 < 6.1 154 < 0.42 < 7.7 3.7 1.8 0.4 < < < <
0.50-1.0 < 0.7 < 26 366 < 1.0 102 < 0.06 < 5.6 4.0 1.9 0.7 < < < 1.0
1.0-2.0 < < < < 311 < 0.10 93 < 0.02 < 0.3 3.9 1.8 0.5 < < < <
OL-KK
<0.063 < < 24 14 1018 < 58 260 0.71 1.1 0.35 5.3 4.0 2.3 1.5 < < < 0.87
16
MS3 0.063-0.125 < 1.4 6.1 28 590 < 25 36 0.06 0.44 < 6.9 3.7 1.9 0.7 < < < 1.5
0.125-0.25 < 0.49 5.7 19 363 < 11 < < 0.24 < 14 3.8 1.9 0.4 < < < 0.26
0.25-0.50 < < < 2.3 339 < 2.0 < < 0.08 < 2.1 3.7 1.8 0.5 < < < <
0.50-1.0 < < 5.6 18 403 < 2.2 < < 0.08 < 17 4.0 2.0 1.1 < < < 0.50
1.0-2.0 < < < < 307 < 0.7 < < < < 1.6 3.8 1.9 0.7 < < < <
OL-KK
<0.063 < < 131 < 616 < 44 614 < 1.4 1.7 22 3.8 2.0 0.9 < < < <
16
MS4 0.063-0.125 < < 22 < 566 < 6.5 83 < 0.20 < 3.2 3.7 2.0 0.7 < < < <
0.125-0.25 < < 13 < 306 < 3.0 < < 0.12 < 8.2 3.7 1.7 0.4 < < < <
0.25-0.50 < < 53 < 393 < 13 18 < 0.41 < 17 3.7 1.8 0.8 < < < <
0.50-1.0 < < 48 < 378 < 16 40 < 0.29 < 4.8 3.8 1.9 0.4 < < < <
1.0-2.0 < < 178 < 942 < 60 174 < 0.06 < 6.9 3.5 1.7 1.0 < < < <
 Appendix 4.14. The ICP-MS analysis results of the selective extractions step D (organic matter fraction) for OL-KK16 soil samples. The
concentrations below the detection limit are indicated with «).
Layer Grain size Li Na Mg K Ca Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Sr Mo Cd Cs Pb
mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg
OL-KK
16 <0.063 < 69 281 158 < 8.5 1.7 4104 0.27 4.8 5.8 9.9 27 38 1.9 2.0 2.2 < 1.5
Humus 0.063-0.125 < 18 171 35 < 2.7 < 3330 < 1.7 < < 30 42 1.7 1.9 2.2 < <
0.125-0.25 < 31 198 0.8 < 2.8 < 4239 0.05 2.0 1.3 < 31 42 1.8 2.0 2.2 < <
0.25-0.50 < 46 257 84 < 4.3 2.1 6176 0.33 2.8 12 < 24 33 1.7 2.1 1.7 < <
0.50-1.0 < 0.7 193 24 < 3.6 1.8 4904 0.23 2.3 9.3 < 20 28 1.4 1.7 1.3 < <
1.0-2.0 < 1.5 269 50 < 3.9 3.6 4474 0.25 2.1 6.5 < 17 24 1.3 1.5 1.2 < <
OL-KK
16 <0.063 < 22 69 1.6 394 1.7 3.6 459 0.20 1.0 1.8 0.50 4.4 7.0 2.2 0.24 0.37 < <
MS1 0.063-0.125 < 16 81 1.9 207 1.0 2.7 422 0.14 0.64 < 0.32 4.5 6.9 1.4 0.21 0.36 < <
0.125-0.25 < 14 89 18 168 0.89 3.0 513 0.15 0.57 < < 4.7 7.1 1.3 0.20 0.38 < <
0.25-0.50 < 2.7 57 17 126 0.48 1.7 298 0.07 0.33 < < 4.6 6.8 1.0 0.18 0.38 < 0.09
0.50-1.0 < 11 69 33 210 0.52 3.1 311 0.11 0.41 < 1.6 4.9 7.3 1.6 0.20 0.42 < 0.21
1.0-2.0 < 7.1 48 21 100 0.30 1.2 267 0.06 0.28 < < 4.7 6.9 0.95 0.18 0.37 < <
OL-KK
16 <0.063 0.18 28 114 21 327 0.92 7.0 406 0.62 2.3 1.3 5.4 4.7 7.5 1.5 0.21 0.40 < 0.59
MS2 0.063-0.125 < 16 108 25 216 0.45 4.0 446 0.34 1.2 < 3.6 4.6 7.0 1.0 0.18 0.41 < 0.62
0.125-0.25 < 14 86 42 114 0.28 2.5 269 0.19 0.83 < 3.1 4.7 6.8 0.71 0.18 0.46 < 1.0
0.25-0.50 < 14 93 40 138 0.43 4.0 446 0.33 1.1 < 8.7 4.4 6.6 0.95 0.17 0.43 < 1.9
0.50-1.0 < 11 89 24 244 0.22 4.1 215 0.22 0.85 < < 4.7 7.1 2.1 0.19 0.37 < <
1.0-2.0 < 14 89 33 279 0.19 3.7 194 0.23 0.79 < 1.3 4.7 6.9 1.5 0.18 0.40 < 0.53
OL-KK
16 <0.063 < 16 124 38 211 0.42 14 191 0.68 1.9 < 1.6 4.5 6.8 1.1 0.22 0.35 < 0.46
MS3 0.063-0.125 < 13 81 25 131 0.16 5.4 213 0.38 1.1 < 0.7 4.3 6.4 0.76 0.17 0.35 < 0.28
0.125-0.25 < 4.8 69 11 83 0.02 3.7 303 0.35 1.1 0.49 3.7 4.4 6.4 0.61 0.16 0.35 < 0.05
0.25-0.50 < 7.7 78 15 89 0.03 3.9 317 0.38 1.5 < 3.5 4.5 6.6 0.64 0.17 0.39 < 0.003
0.50-1.0 < 3.3 66 12 165 < 4.3 174 0.22 0.72 < 0.9 4.9 7.1 1.7 0.19 0.39 < <
1.0-2.0 < 6.4 75 28 244 < 4.7 132 0.27 1.0 < 5.4 4.6 6.8 2.3 0.18 0.42 < 0.62
OL-KK
16 <0.063 < 27 158 35 330 0.29 28 627 1.1 2.1 2.4 16 4.5 6.9 1.5 0.17 0.38 < 0.61
MS4 0.063-0.125 < 15 85 19 109 0.19 9.3 536 0.66 1.4 1.8 5.7 4.4 6.3 0.80 0.17 0.36 < 0.32
0.125-0.25 < 5.6 55 0.14 30 < 4.0 432 0.60 1.4 < 3.2 4.5 6.4 0.52 0.16 0.35 < 0.07
0.25-0.50 < 7.2 66 8.5 97 < 5.3 505 0.63 1.5 < 9.0 4.6 6.5 0.76 0.17 0.38 < 0.50
0.50-1.0 < 5.3 52 1.5 68 < 4.4 365 0.47 1.0 < 4.0 4.7 6.7 0.75 0.18 0.38 < 0.31
1.0-2.0 < 5.4 84 6.8 193 0.05 11 279 0.41 1.1 1.0 3.0 4.3 6.3 1.6 0.16 0.36 < 0.46
 Appendix 4.15. The ICP-MS analysis results of the selective extractions step E (residual fraction) for OL-KK16 soil samples. The concentrations
below the detection limit are indicated with «).
Layer Grain size Li Na Mg K Ca Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Sr Mo Cd Cs Pb
mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg
OL-KK
<0.063 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 1.4 3565 <
16
Humus 0.063-0.125 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 1.4 4056 <
0.125-0.25 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 1.3 3987 <
0.25-0.50 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 1.2 3002 <
0.50-1.0 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 1.1 2510 <
1.0-2.0 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.68 2210 <
OL-KK
<0.063 1.7 259 3126 2455 5625 44 57 3417 1.955 14 < 9.0 < 4.2 43 < 0.24 633 <
16
MS1 0.063-0.125 < < < < 2197 3.0 < < < < < < < 1.0 17 < 0.35 635 <
0.125-0.25 < < < < 923 < < < < < < < < 0.66 8.4 < 0.26 674 <
0.25-0.50 < < < < 675 < < < < < < < < < 5.7 < 0.23 666 <
0.50-1.0 < < < < 377 < < < < < < < < < 3.5 < 0.24 696 <
1.0-2.0 < < < < 966 < < < < < < < < < 4.3 < 0.25 665 <
OL-KK
<0.063 0.10 198 2650 2257 4989 46 49 1951 3.296 20 < 21 < 3.2 37 < 0.28 665 <
16
MS2 0.063-0.125 < < < < 1066 < < < < < < < < < 10 < 0.23 666 <
0.125-0.25 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.37 < 0.24 674 <
0.25-0.50 < < < < 931 3.5 < < < < < < < 0.40 8.2 < 0.26 634 <
0.50-1.0 < < < < 43 < < < < < < < < < 1.3 < 0.22 677 <
1.0-2.0 < < < < 352 < < < < < < < < < 1.5 < 0.28 677 <
OL-KK
<0.063 < 140 1652 915 5403 42 56 < 2.373 16 < 8.8 < 3.1 39 < 0.28 651 <
16
MS3 0.063-0.125 < < < < 733 < < < < < < < < < 7.9 < 0.22 619 <
0.125-0.25 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 1.2 < 0.22 638 <
0.25-0.50 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.58 648 <
0.50-1.0 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.25 699 <
1.0-2.0 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.24 660 <
OL-KK
<0.063 < < < < 4129 13 < < < 5.6 < 4.7 < 2.0 30 < 0.26 653 <
16
MS4 0.063-0.125 < < < < 259 < < < < < < < < < 5.5 < 0.22 625 <
0.125-0.25 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.21 640 <
0.25-0.50 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.33 639 <
0.50-1.0 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.47 < 0.35 667 <
1.0-2.0 < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < 0.25 613 <
APPENDIX 5. 137CS activity in soil
Appendix 5.1. 137 Cs activity in soil profiles from OL-KK 15.
Sampling Profile
site number Layer Depth Cs-137 Error Cs-137 Error
2
8q/kgDW 8q/kgDW 8q I m 8q I m2
OL-KK15 1 Litter 160 6 97 4
OL-KK15 1 Organic 1-6 401 4 4422 45
OL-KK15 1 Organic 6-10 127 2 1505 18
OL-KK15 1 Mineral 10-15 17 0 1061 24
OL-KK15 1 Mineral 15-20 2 0 173 18
Total 706 8 7257 57
OL-KK15 2 Litter 238 8 205 7
OL-KK15 2 Organic 1-6 402 6 3668 51
OL-KK15 2 Organic 6-10 64 1 671 9
OL-KK15 2 Mineral 10-15 13 0 718 17
OL-KK15 2 Mineral 15-20 2 0 140 19
Total 719 10 5401 58
OL-KK15 3 Litter 390 8 364 8
OL-KK15 3 Organic 1-6 308 3 3126 34
OL-KK15 3 Organic 6-10 90 1 1165 18
OL-KK15 3 Mineral 10-15 12 3 704 181
OL-KK15 3 Mineral 15-20 1 0 70 19
Total 801 10 5428 186
Appendix 5.2. 137 Cs activity in soil profiles from OL-KK16.
Sampling Profile
site number Layer Depth Cs-137 Error Cs-137 Error

8q/kgDW 8q/kgDW 8q I m2 8q I m2
OL-KK16 1 Litter 35 1 59 2
OL-KK16 1 Organic 0-1 19 1 163 8
OL-KK16 1 Mineral 1-6 25 0 913 15
OL-KK16 1 Mineral 6-10 48 1 1142 16
OL-KK16 1 Mineral 10-15 14 0 528 10
OL-KK16 1 Mineral 15-21 3 0 136 13
Total 144 1 2939 29
OL-KK16 2 Litter 52 2 56 2
OL-KK16 2 Organic 0-1 38 2 416 18
OL-KK16 2 Mineral 1-6 10 0 378 12
OL-KK16 2 Mineral 6-10 67 2 2384 83
OL-KK16 2 Mineral 10-15 4 0 172 14
OL-KK16 2 Mineral 15-21 1 0 52 12
Total 171 3 3457 88
OL-KK16 3 Litter 44 3 72 4
OL-KK16 3 Organic 0-1 23 1 247 9
OL-KK16 3 Mineral 1-6 17 0 851 17
OL-KK16 3 Mineral 6-10 169 2 2073 26
OL-KK16 3 Mineral 10-15 67 1 1636 23
OL-KK16 3 Mineral 15-21 8 0 267 13
Total 329 3 5147 42
APPENDIX 6. pH and DOe of the soil solution
Appendix 6.1. pH and Doe of the soil solution samples from sampling sites OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and OL-KK16.
pH of soil
Sampling solution at 25° DOe of soil
site Layer Depth e Notes solution
cm mg/l
0-5 Unfiltered and
OL-KK14 Humus 4.74 undiluted sample 159
OL-KK14 MS1 43952 5.35 Diluted sample 94
OL-KK14 MS 20-60 5.92 Diluted sample 9.0
OL-KK14 MS3 60-100 7.55 Diluted sample 7.9
OL-KK14 MS4 100-230 7.54 Diluted sample 13
OL-KK15 Humus 0-7 3.96 Diluted sample 127
OL-KK15 MS1 17349 5.70 Diluted sample 28
OL-KK15 MS2 47-79 6.65 Diluted sample 4.9
OL-KK15 MS3 79-109 7.60 Diluted sample 5.8
OL-KK15 MS4 109-159 6.72 Diluted sample 2.3
OL-KK15 MS5 159-244 7.81 Diluted sample 6.2
0-7 Unfiltered and
OL-KK16 Humus 6.67 undiluted sample 88
OL-KK16 MS1 47300 5.95 Diluted sample 54
OL-KK16 MS 29-49 6.89 Diluted sample 15
OL-KK16 MS3 49-109 7.11 Diluted sample 8.1
OL-KK16 MS4 109-279 7.39 Diluted sample 6.6
APPENDIX 7. Anion concentration in soil solution
Appendix 7.1. Anion concentration in soil solution samples from sampling sites OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and OL-KK16.
Sampling
site Layer Depth F F Cl Cl N03 N03 S04 S04 P04 P04
cm mg/l meq/l mg/l meq/l mg/l meq/l mg/l meq/l mg/l meq/l
OL-KK14 Humus 0-5 2.58 0.14 17.46 0.49 0.09 0.001 25.84 0.54
OL-KK14 MS1 43952 3.09 0.16 17.04 0.48 0.83 0.013 14.06 0.29
OL-KK14 MS2 20-60 1.72 0.09 5.86 0.17 0.66 0.011 19.46 0.41
60-
OL-KK14 MS3 100 2.63 0.14 14.77 0.42 0.75 0.012 36.04 0.75
100-
OL-KK14 MS4 230 2.85 0.15 10.19 0.29 0.85 0.014 40.03 0.83
Average 2.57 0.14 13.06 0.37 0.64 0.010 27.09 0.56
OL-KK15 Humus 0-7 8.33 0.44 57.90 1.63 0.00 0.000 57.35 1.19 85.16 2.69
OL-KK15 MS1 17349 2.50 0.13 21.18 0.60 0.49 0.008 56.56 1.18
OL-KK15 MS2 47-79 2.90 0.15 34.09 0.96 0.14 0.002 204.15 4.25
79-
OL-KK15 MS3 109 2.99 0.16 33.53 0.95 0.10 0.002 123.76 2.58
109-
OL-KK15 MS4 159 6.07 0.32 33.49 0.94 0.47 0.008 51.11 1.06
159-
OL-KK15 MS5 244 1.70 0.09 32.09 0.91 0.32 0.005 40.10 0.83
Average 4.08 0.21 35.38 1.00 0.25 0.004 88.84 1.85
OL-KK16 Humus 0-7 0.82 0.04 27.38 0.77 7.40 0.119 57.24 1.19 0.50 0.02
OL-KK16 MS1 47300 0.92 0.05 11.10 0.31 1.55 0.025 17.41 0.36
OL-KK16 MS2 29-49 2.37 0.12 9.87 0.28 0.41 0.007 59.67 1.24
49-
OL-KK16 MS3 109 3.14 0.17 10.79 0.30 0.31 0.005 159.49 3.32
109-
OL-KK16 MS4 279 1.96 0.10 8.39 0.24 0.77 0.012 52.14 1.09
Average 1.84 0.10 13.51 0.38 2.09 0.034 69.19 1.44
I
I

I
I
 APPENDIX 8. Cation concentration in soil solution
Appendix 8.1. Cation concentration in soil solution samples from sampling sites OL-KK14, OL-KK15 and OL-KK16.
Na Mg AI S K Ca Cr Mn Fe Ni Cu Zn As Cd Cs Pb U
Sample mg/l mg/l )lg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l )lg/l )lg/l )lg/l )lg/l )lg/l )lg/l )lg/l )lg/l )lg/l )lg/l )lg/l
OL-KK14
Humus 5.6 3.5 2810.5 9.4 16.0 10.4 2.6 239.7 2329.0 15.4 76.5 168.9 2.3 0.4 0.3 3.4 1.7
OL-KK14 MS1 6.4 2.7 1812.5 3.6 4.0 6.5 2.3 43.6 1453.0 13.4 55.2 156.6 1.0 0.8 0.1 1.2 1.2
OL-KK14 MS2 1.3 0.6 < 1.5 0.5 1.7 < 1.8 3.9 0.8 14.9 18.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
OL-KK14 MS3 2.3 1.1 26.7 3.5 1.3 3.5 0.2 4.0 30.4 1.2 18.4 32.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0
OL-KK14 MS4 3.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 6.1 16.3 0.1 81.9 3.6 2.2 34.6 30.7 1.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.7
OL-KK15
Humus 3.4 4.5 264.5 6.8 16.5 7.8 1.0 117.6 291.2 4.6 41.1 110.9 1.4 0.4 0.4 4.6 0.1
OL-KK15 MS1 4.2 2.4 737.3 4.9 2.0 4.9 1.6 18.1 715.6 12.6 48.6 36.0 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.3 2.4
OL-KK15 MS2 10.4 11.5 5.1 27.7 5.4 19.7 < 1.4 1.4 1.0 7.1 7.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.2
OL-KK15 MS3 12.3 8.8 < 16.1 7.3 15.9 < 0.9 0.6 1.7 10.6 5.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.3
OL-KK15 MS4 3.4 2.3 < 1.5 2.7 2.2 < 14.5 2.9 0.3 4.6 7.7 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8
OL-KK15 MS5 16.0 9.4 < 6.5 10.9 8.8 < 89.7 2.5 1.3 7.0 5.5 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.9
OL-KK16
Humus 6.4 6.6 300.5 19.2 12.7 24.8 1.2 13.2 759.3 13.2 86.0 32.7 2.7 0.1 0.0 1.2 0.9
OL-KK16 MS1 3.5 2.0 458.5 4.6 1.8 10.8 2.5 8.1 1684.0 7.6 38.3 27.5 1.7 0.1 0.0 0.7 2.7
OL-KK16 MS2 3.2 3.7 9.5 8.8 3.1 14.2 0.1 1.3 10.1 1.5 19.7 16.9 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 2.0
OL-KK16 MS3 4.7 8.2 < 22.3 5.7 23.8 < 14.6 1.3 0.6 24.8 16.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.3
OL-KK16 MS4 7.9 5.9 < 8.5 7.2 12.7 < 68.6 4.7 1.4 19.2 11.8 1.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.7