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Concepts of Genetics 12th Edition Klug Test BanDwnload Full Concepts of Genetics 12th Edition Klug Test Bank PDF
Concepts of Genetics 12th Edition Klug Test BanDwnload Full Concepts of Genetics 12th Edition Klug Test Bank PDF
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Exam
Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) In the 1600s, William Harvey studied reproduction and development. What is the term given to the theory that
states that an organism develops from the fertilized egg by a succession of developmental events that lead to an
adult?
A) preformation
B) transduction
C) epigenesis
D) equational transformation
E) sequential pattern formation
Answer: C
2) What is the term given to the theory that states that the fertilized egg contains a complete miniature adult?
A) transduction
B) preformation
C) transformation
D) cell theory
E) conjugation
Answer: B
3) What is the term given to the theory that put forth the idea that living organisms could arise by incubating
nonliving components?
A) evolution
B) spontaneous generation
C) natural selection
D) collective combination
E) preformation
Answer: B
4) What is a homunculus?
A) the intermediate stage of the DNA after CRISPR-Cas treatment
B) during development sometimes a growing individual's cell can become mutated and one part of the child
has different characteristics than the other
C) a large cyst or growth on a plant due to viral infection
D) when the mitochondrion grows in size before splitting into two via fission
E) a sperm or egg containing a miniature adult, perfect in size and proportion
Answer: E
5) Who, along with Alfred Wallace, formulated the theory of natural selection?
A) James Watson
B) Louis Pasteur
C) Charles Darwin
D) Gregor Mendel
E) William Harvey
Answer: C
7) In many species, there are two representatives of each chromosome. In such species, the characteristic number
of chromosomes is called the ________ number. It is usually symbolized as ________.
A) haploid; n
B) monoploid; n
C) diploid; n
D) haploid; 2n
E) diploid; 2n
Answer: E
9) Early in the twentieth century, Walter Sutton and Theodor Boveri noted that the behavior of chromosomes
during meiosis is identical to the behavior of genes during gamete formation. They proposed that genes are
carried on chromosomes, which led to the basis of the ________.
A) First Law of Thermodynamics
B) Chromosome Theory of Inheritance
C) Law of Segregation
D) Chromosomal Maintenance Theory
E) Law of Independent Assortment
Answer: B
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12) Until the mid-1940s, many scientists considered proteins to be the likely candidates for the genetic material.
Which of the following characteristics led scientist to believe DNA was NOT the genetic material?
A) DNA has less variation than protein.
B) Protein can fold into may shapes.
C) DNA is less abundant than protein and DNA has less variation than protein.
D) DNA is less abundant than protein.
E) DNA is more stable than protein.
Answer: C
13) Name the individual who, while working with the garden pea in the mid-1850s, demonstrated quantitative
patterns of heredity and developed a theory involving the behavior of hereditary factors.
A) George Wallace
B) Barbara McClintock
C) Walter Sutton
D) Theodor Boveri
E) Gregor Mendel
Answer: E
14) Which of the following is the subdiscipline of biology concerned with the study of heredity and variation at the
molecular, cellular, developmental, organismal, and populational levels?
A) cytogenetics
B) genetics
C) molecular biology
D) cell biology
E) biochemistry
Answer: B
16) What term is used to describe the fact that different genes in an organism often provide differences in
observable features?
A) alleles
B) natural selection
C) phenotype
D) inheritance
E) genotype
Answer: C
3
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A nobler counsel breathes from the charter of our independence; a
happier province belongs to our republic. Peace we would extend,
but by persuasion and example,—the moral force, by which alone it
can prevail among the nations. Wars we may encounter, but it is in
the sacred character of the injured and the wronged; to raise the
trampled rights of humanity from the dust; to rescue the mild form
of liberty from her abode among the prisons and the scaffolds of the
elder world, and to seat her in the chair of state among her adoring
children; to give her beauty for ashes; a healthful action for her cruel
agony; to put at last a period to her warfare on earth; to tear her star-
spangled banner from the perilous ridges of battle, and plant it on
the rock of ages. There be it fixed for ever,—the power of a free
people slumbering in its folds, their peace reposing in its shade!
Close of the Speech of Daniel Webster
January, 1832.
Mr. President,—The plain and seemingly obvious truth, that in a
fair and equal exchange of commodities all parties gained, is a noble
discovery of modern times. The contrary principle naturally led to
commercial rivalries, wars, and abuses of all sorts. The benefits of
commerce being regarded as a stake to be won, or an advantage to be
wrested from others by fraud or by force, governments naturally
strove to secure them to their own subjects; and when they once set
out in this wrong direction, it was quite natural that they should not
stop short till they ended in binding, in the bonds of restriction, not
only the whole country, but all of its parts. Thus we are told that
England first protected by her restrictive policy, her whole empire
against all the world, then Great Britain against the colonies, then
the British islands against each other, and ended by vainly
attempting to protect all the great interests and employment of the
state by balancing them against each other. Sir, such a system,
carried fully out, is not confined to rival nations, but protects one
town against another, considers villages, and even families as rivals;
and cannot stop short of “Robinson Crusoe in his goat skins.” It takes
but one step further to make every man his own lawyer, doctor,
farmer, and shoemaker—and, if I may be allowed an Irishism, his
own seamstress and washerwoman. The doctrine of free trade, on the
contrary, is founded on the true social system. It looks on all
mankind as children of a common parent—and the great family of
nations as linked together by mutual interests. Sir, as there is a
religion, so I believe there is a politics of nature. Cast your eyes over
this various earth—see its surface diversified by hills and valleys,
rocks, and fertile fields. Notice its different productions—its infinite
varieties of soil and climate. See the mighty rivers winding their way
to the very mountain’s base, and thence guiding man to the vast
ocean, dividing, yet connecting nations. Can any man who considers
these things with the eye of a philosopher, not read the design of the
great Creator (written legibly in his works) that his children should
be drawn together in a free commercial intercourse, and mutual
exchanges of the various gifts with which a bountiful Providence has
blessed them. Commerce, sir, restricted even as she has been, has
been the great source of civilization and refinement all over the
world. Next to the Christian religion, I consider free trade in its
largest sense as the greatest blessing that can be conferred upon any
people. Hear, sir, what Patrick Henry, the great orator of Virginia,
whose soul was the very temple of freedom, says on this subject:—
“Why should we fetter commerce? If a man is in chains, he droops and bows to
the earth, because his spirits are broken, but let him twist the fetters from his legs,
and he will stand erect. Fetter not commerce! Let her be as free as the air. She will
range the whole creation, and return on the four winds of heaven to bless the land
with plenty.”
But, it has been said, that free trade would do very well, if all
nations would adopt it; but as it is, every nation must protect itself
from the effect of restrictions by countervailing measures. I am
persuaded, sir, that this is a great, a most fatal error. If retaliation is
resorted to for the honest purpose of producing a redress of the
grievance, and while adhered to no longer than there is a hope of
success, it may, like war itself, be sometimes just and necessary. But
if it have no such object, “it is the unprofitable combat of seeing
which can do the other the most harm.” The case can hardly be
conceived in which permanent restrictions, as a measure of
retaliation, could be profitable. In every possible situation, a trade,
whether more or less restricted, is profitable, or it is not. This can
only be decided by experience, and if the trade be left to regulate
itself, water would not more naturally seek its level, than the
intercourse adjust itself to the true interest of the parties. Sir, as to
this idea of the regulation by government of the pursuits of men, I
consider it as a remnant of barbarism disgraceful to an enlightened
age, and inconsistent with the first principles of rational liberty. I
hold government to be utterly incapable, from its position, of
exercising such a power wisely, prudently, or justly. Are the rulers of
the world the depositories of its collected wisdom? Sir, can we forget
the advice of a great statesman to his son—“Go, see the world, my
son, that you may learn with how little wisdom mankind is
governed.” And is our own government an exception to this rule, or
do we not find here, as every where else, that
“Man, proud man,
Robed in a little brief authority,
Plays such fantastic tricks before high heaven,
As make the angels weep?”
I confess I feel anxious for the fate of this measure, less on account
of any agency I have had in proposing it, as I hope and believe, than
from a firm, sincere and thorough conviction, that no one measure
ever presented to the councils of the nation, was fraught with so
much unmixed good, and could exert such powerful and enduring
influence in the preservation of the union itself and upon some of its
highest interests. If I can be instrumental, in any degree, in the
adoption of it, I shall enjoy, in that retirement into which I hope
shortly to enter, a heart-feeling satisfaction and a lasting consolation.
I shall carry there no regrets, no complaints, no reproaches on my
own account. When I look back upon my humble origin, left an
orphan too young to have been conscious of a father’s smiles and
caresses; with a widowed mother, surrounded by a numerous
offspring, in the midst of pecuniary embarrassments; without a
regular education, without fortune, without friends, without patrons,
I have reason to be satisfied with my public career. I ought to be
thankful for the high places and honors to which I have been called
by the favor and partiality of my countrymen, and I am thankful and
grateful. And I shall take with me the pleasing consciousness that in
whatever station I have been placed, I have earnestly and honestly
labored to justify their confidence by a faithful, fearless, and zealous
discharge of my public duties. Pardon these personal allusions.
Speech of John C. Calhoun,