SHEM-08.09 Working at Height

Classification: Internal Use
Operation Management System OMS No. SHEM-08.09
Rev. # ( 0 ) Date March 2021
Working at Height Next Review Date March 2024
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. PURPOSE
2. SCOPE
3. GLOSSARY, FORMULAE & DEFINITIONS
4. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
5. PROCEDURE
6. LEGAL AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
7. CONTROL OF RECORD
8. COMPETENCY
9. CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT
10. REFERENCE AND IMPORTANT LINKS
11. ATTACHMENTS
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1. PURPOSE:
The purpose of this management system is to provide minimum requirements and

guidance to achieve effective fall protection and prevention procedures to protect
employees while working on/around elevated or lower level work surfaces. This
management system shall establish standard practices and guidelines when working
near unprotected sides and edges situated 1.8 meters (6 feet) or more above
floor/ground, work platforms or lower levels.
Below define the topic in which this sub-element are covering:

 All work carried out at height.
 Selection and safe use of ladders/staircases
 Erection, dismantling and safe use of scaffoldings
 Using alternative devices to scaffolds such as
o Mobile Elevated Working Platforms (MEWP’s).
o Lifting personnel through cages
o Rope access devices
2. SCOPE:
The scope of this sub-element applies to all activities where personnel are required to
enter and/or work at height within PK facilities implementing OMS management
systems. It is applicable to entire PK, including fixed parts of buildings, use of tools such
as mobile ladders, step ladders, fixed ladders, portable ladders, scaffolding, top of
tankers and rail cars, and steps to perform any activity at height. Working at height.
includes working in close proximity to floor or wall openings, roof edges, excavation,
work over or near water, etc.
3. GLOSSARY, FORMULAE & DEFINITIONS:
GLOSSARY DEFINITION
A steel plate to provide flat bearing surface with a spigot or
Base Plate
screw jack for distributing the load from post.
A tie that holds one scaffolding member in a fixed position with
Brace
respect to another member.
An inquiry raised to Global Assurance via a controlled form in
Clarification order to provide explanation on the intent of OMS standard
requirements.
Competent Person A person authorized by the management of respective SABIC
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GLOSSARY DEFINITION
Division or Affiliate on the basis of his qualification, skills and
experience for carrying out inspections related to this sub-
element.
A device for locking together the component parts of a tubular
metal scaffolding. The material used for the couplers shall be
Coupler of a structural type, such as a dropforged steel, malleable iron,
or structural grade aluminum. The use of gray cast iron is not
recommended.
A mobile or stationary device used to hoist loads for various
Crane
purposes.
A line, which extends from the anchorage point to lanyard of
the safety. The drop line should be at least 1.25 cm (1/2 inch)
diameter nylon, 1.25 cm (1/2 inch) diameter polyester, 1.9 cm
Drop line
(3/4 inch) diameter first-grade manila or 1.1 cm (3/8 inch)
diameter steel cable with a minimum breaking strength of 2455
kilos (5400 lbs.).
A rail secured uprights and erected along the exposed sides
Guardrail
and ends of platform
Tube used before permanent handrails, banisters, etc. are
Handrail
fitted to prevent the fall of persons.
A strap system designed to spread the shock load over the
shoulder, thighs and seat area in case of free fall of a person. It
Harness should be used for works where hazards of free falls from a
height of more than 2 meters are identified. The D-ring should
be positioned on the upper back straps.
For the purpose of this procedure, Temperature greater than
Hot Surface
70°C.
IRATA International Rope Access Trade Association
A technician who has demonstrated knowledge of advanced
IRATA Level III
rigging and capable of conducting advanced rescue
Technician
techniques.
A flexible line, approximately 1.5 meters in length or less and
at least 1.25 cm diameter nylon rope, to secure the full body
Lanyard
safety harness or safety belt to a drop line, fixed anchorage, or
lifeline with a fall arrest system.
A horizontal scaffolding member that extends from post to
Ledger post and which support the putlogs or bearer forming a tie
between the posts.
Obligations imposed on an organization, including those that
Legal Requirements
are statutory or regulatory.
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GLOSSARY DEFINITION
An anchoring rope rigged between two fixed anchorage points
for facilitating the movement of person with his full body
harness’s lanyard or drop line anchored to it. This type of
arrangement may be made when person has to move
horizontally on a long length of structures/pipelines at height
Lifeline for carrying out his work and where erection of scaffolding is
not possible and side rails are not available. While making such
arrangements, it is important to ensure an adequate degree of
sag, the shortest possible length, sufficient shock absorption
and design strength proportional to the number of workers
who may supposed to use the lifeline.
Line Management Supervisors, Managers, and Senior Managers.
A device consisting of a power-driven endless belt moving in
one direction only, and provided with steps or platforms and
Man lift
handholds attached to it for the transportation of personnel
from floor to floor
Detailed procedures or policies that explain the
Management
implementation methodology to meet the requirement of
System
SABIC OMS standard.
MEVP Mobile Elevated Working Platforms
Mobile ladder A ladder with wheels that can be readily moved.
OMS Operations Management System.
A senior level individual from the Senior Management Team
and senior managers who demonstrate knowledge to
OMS Champion
implement, review and update Petrokemya management
system.
The percentage of actual adoption in terms of documentation
OMS Compliance
and implementation, against the applicable Management
Rate
system requirements in OMS.
OMS Document
Petrokemya Management System document issuers / authors.
Developers
A document that mainly enlists a set of Management system
requirements developed to outline what needs to be done in
OMS Element
order to achieve operational excellence for a specific business
aspect.
A subject matter expert who is accountable for the
OMS Element internalization of applicable requirements for specific OMS
Leader (EL) Management system, usually within the line management roles
of the organization.
OMS Performance A measure to define the successful achievement of expected
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GLOSSARY DEFINITION
outcome that resulted from implementing the Management
system requirements for one or a group of OMS elements. It
represents the percentage of achieved results versus the
expected results.
An individual responsible for the coordination of OMS
OMS Specialist development and implementation, who interfaces with OMS
element owners and management.
OMS Sponsor Petrokemya President or his delegate.
A subject matter expert who is accountable for the
OMS Sub-Element internalization of applicable requirements for specific Sub OMS
Leader (SEL) Management system, usually within the line management roles
of the organization.
Personal Fall A system of equipment consisting of full body safety harness,
Protection lanyard and anchorage (fixed, lifeline, dropline) designed to
Equipment (PFPE) protect employees.
(Basket) - An enclosed platform designed to offer safe travel
Personnel Platform for personnel from one level to another via a crane and load
line.
Portable ladder A ladder which can be readily moved or carried
A horizontal tube with a flattened end, to rest in or on part of
Putlog
the brickwork or structure.
Approved rope, tackle, cable, blocks, etc., used in supporting
Rigging
personnel involved in the job procedure.
A special device designed by specialized companies to meet
Rope Access local requirements, International Rope Access Trade
devices Association (IRATA), Society of Professional Rope Access
Technicians (SPRAT) in USA or equivalent.
Non-slip material and or fixtures on the bottoms of ladder feet.
Safety Feet Metal spikes or spurs add increased resistance to movement
of ladder feet.
Any temporary elevated platform and its supporting structure
Scaffolding
used for supporting workers or materials or both
Senior Management Leader of a department who is Senior Manager position.
A metal fixture designed to hold a line to the equipment safely
Shackle
and cannot fall away.
The term 'shall' as used in this document is intended to
Shall
describe a mandatory requirement.
SHE Safety, Health & Environment.
SHEM Safety, Health & Environment Management.
Should The term 'Should' as used in this document is intended to
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GLOSSARY DEFINITION
describe a highly recommended, but not mandatory
requirement.
SME Subject Matter Expert.
SMT Site Management Team (Director) and President.
A timber, concrete or metal spreader used to distribute the
Sole Plate
load from a standard or base plate to the ground.
A tube used as a column or vertical in the construction of a
Standard scaffold and transmitting a load to the ground via a base plate.
(Also known as an Upright or Column).
SPRAT Society of Professional Rope Access Technicians
A stepladder is a self-supporting portable ladder,
nonadjustable in length, having flat steps and a hinged back.
Stepladder
Its size designated by the overall length of the ladder
measured along the front edge of the side rails.
Lines attached to a Personnel Platform or load so that the
Tag Lines
load’s movement can be stabilize.
Tie A tube used to connect a scaffold to a rigid anchorage.
Any work at height of 1.8 meter or more from the ground level
Working at Height or where from personnel are likely to fall or in accordance with
the applicable local standards / regulations.
Table 2 Glossary, Formulae & Definitions
4. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

The following positions are assigned to the following responsibility to ensure
compliance to this management system.
R: Responsible A: Accountable C: Consulted I: Informed

SHME08.09El
Maintenance
Sr. Manager
Sr. Manager
Department
ement/sub-
Contractor
Supervisor
Champion
Employee
Sponsor
element
SN Activity description
Central
leader
OMS
OMS
Ensure that proper training is

given to cover Working at
4.1 A R R R R R I
Heights SHEM- 08.09
Management system.
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SHME08.09El
Maintenance
Sr. Manager
Sr. Manager
Department
ement/sub-
Contractor
Supervisor
Champion
Employee
Sponsor
element
Central
leader
OMS
OMS
Ensure that proper training
and communication shall be
4.2 conducted when there is a A R R R R R I
major change in this
management system.
Ensure frequent
comprehensive audits are
4.3 conducted and follow up - A R R R R I
actions closure to ensure full
compliance of SHEM-08.09.
Ensure the implementation
and compliance of SHEM-
4.4 - A R R R R R
08.09 Working at Height is
properly adhered
Ensure all department staff
are trained and
4.5 - C C A R R I
knowledgeable about SHEM-
08.09.
Ensure Inspection Program for
4.6 Ladders and Scaffold Safety - A R R R R R
are properly implemented
Ensure Documentation of the
4.7 Ladder Inspection are - A R R R R -
properly maintained
Ensure sufficient field
supervision is provided to
4.8 - A C R R R I
monitor compliance with
SHEM-08.09.
Ensure that all Scaffolding
Contractors have a trained
4.9 and qualified crew A R C R R R I
(Supervisors, Foreman and
erectors)
Ensure scaffold new material
inspection is conducted as
4.10 - A R R R R I
well as maintain period
inspection for all scaffold.
Ensure Inspection for Cages of
4.11 fixed ladder are properly - A R C R R R
initiated and documented.
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SHME08.09El
Maintenance
Sr. Manager
Sr. Manager
Department
ement/sub-
Contractor
Supervisor
Champion
Employee
Sponsor
element
Central
leader
OMS
OMS
Ensure that the
implementation and
4.12 documentation of audits and A R R R R R -
checklist are properly
maintained.
Ensure that structure
inspection program for,
4.13 platforms, fixed ladder and - A C R R - -
staircases is periodically
initiated and documented.
To ensure proper
coordination with Central
Maintenance Department for
4.14 the Scaffolding Contractors A R C R R - -
qualification during
Turnaround and Projects
execution.
Ensure all field supervisors
4.15 are competent and - A C R R - -
knowledgeable
Ensure compliance of Working
4.16 A R C R R R R
at Height is properly followed.
To ensure that all scaffolding
components is as per the
4.17 - - A R R R -
standard written on this
management system.
To ensure scaffolding
erection, modification and
4.18 - A C R R R I
dismantling and inspection is
as per procedure.
To ensure that inspection and
audit are properly
4.19 documented and copy shall - - A R R R -
be provided to Central
Maintenance Department.
Table 3 Roles and Responsibility
5. PROCEDURE
5.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WORKING AT HEIGHTS
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5.1.1 Site management shall exert every effort to install guardrails (fall
prevention) for working at height on scaffold/structure/platform.
Guardrail systems shall be so surfaced as to prevent injury to an employee
from punctures or lacerations, and to prevent snagging of clothing. OSHA
29 CFR 1926, Subpart M requirement shall be followed for working at
heights using scaffold/structure or safety harness. In the absence of any
local standard and regulation, scaffold or structures with guardrails shall
be provided to work at height of 1.8 meters (6 feet) or greater or at risk of
falling greater than 1.8 meters. However, if structure with guardrails
cannot be provided then Full Body Safety Harness attached to a
permanent structure shall be worn by personnel working at height.
5.1.2 Use of safety belt is prohibited. Only Full Body Safety Harness shall be
used.
5.1.3 Any opening created as a result of structure grating removal or
temporary work surface will create a fall hazard, which shall be properly
and visibly cordoned off with a hard barricade to avoid accidental step-
in.
5.1.4 The Checklist for Temporary Removal of Grating, Platforms or Guardrails
as defined in Attachment 10 of this management system, shall be filled
and made available along with work permit and checked by craft leader
carefully, and explained to his crew.
5.1.5 Temporary removal of gratings, platforms and guardrails approval shall
be obtained, removal duration required approval by the management as
follows:
Duration Approving Authority
Three days or less Area Manager
More than 3 days Area Sr. Manager
Table 4 Removal of Gratings, Platforms and Guardrails Approval
5.1.6 Material management shall ensure, Full body safety harnesses, lifelines
and lanyards as required shall be in accordance with NFPA Fire Service
Life Harness and Hardware standard and OSHA 29 CFR 1926, Subpart M.
5.1.7 All personal fall protective equipment shall be inspected visually by the
user prior to each use. Any fall protection equipment has been either
damaged or suspected to have been subjected to shock or excessive load
impact shall immediately be discarded and replaced.
5.1.8 100% Tie-off for scaffold erectors shall be applied during scaffold erection
or dismantling. This require twin tailed (or double) lanyards that allow
users to remain anchored to one point of anchorage with one lanyard,
while transferring to another point of anchorage with the second one
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during the move. (Note: ascending and descending ladders are exempted
from this requirement).
5.1.9 Lanyard and drop-lines / lifelines attached to the Safety harness shall be
secured as required by the OSHA 29 CFR 1926, Subpart M requirement,
these shall be secured in a manner to limit falls to < two feet (0.61 m) and
must be capable of supporting a load of 5000 lbs (2268 kg).
5.1.10 Lanyards shall be attached to anchorage (fixed, lifeline or dropline) well
above the waist level to limit free fall distances.
5.1.11 Knots shall not be made in rope lanyards as strength is greatly reduced.
5.1.12 Lanyards shall not be lengthened by connecting two snap hooks together
as the possibility of a “roll-out” uncoupling exists because of tension and
rebounding effects.
5.1.13 While anchoring the drop line or lanyard to fixed anchorage point,
following shall be considered:
a. Process pipelines shall not be used as far as practicably possible.
If it is unavoidable and pipeline has to be used, its diameter shall be
at least 10 cm (4 inch) or larger. Insulated piping shall be used if the
piping size meets this requirement. Aluminum piping shall not be
used.
b. 10 cm (4 inch) or larger structural members can be used.
c. Elbows, tees and small bore connection shall not be used.
In case of need, strength of pipeline or structure shall be
evaluated by inspection engineer prior to using it as an anchorage
point to ensure that it satisfies the requirement in accordance with
the definition of fixed anchorage point given in section 4.9 of this
Management system.
d. Surface temperature of the piping shall be given a considerations
lanyard and drop line made of nylon and polypropylene drop line may
get damaged due to heat.
e. Extreme cold temperature service piping shall not be used.
f. Pipes that are supported by other pipes or by pipe hangers,
aluminum piping, conduit, tubing, handrails, or angle iron shall not be
used.
5.1.13 Working at height on Tanker trucks, Porta cabin and other containers.
a. If the operator/driver is required to go on top of tanker truck to
conduct inspection or unloading/loading activities, which is above 1.8
meters, then it shall be equipped with clean anti-slip catwalk, a
collapsible safety railing, lifelines, and a ladder for access. Railings
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shall meet the requirements defined under section 5.2 of this

management system.
b. In case of guardrails unavailability, then end user shall have a fall
arrest system with its anchorage well above the shoulder level to
avoid hitting ground during free fall and hitting the tanker body with
swing fall. The minimum anchorage capacity shall be 5000 lbs (2268
kg) per person.
c. In case rigger / driver or other personnel are required to go top of
porta cabin or other container loaded on the trailer or ground level
above 1.8 m, then end user shall use a fall arrest system with its
anchorage well above the shoulder level to avoid hitting ground /
trailer bed, during free fall and also hitting the trailer or porta cabin
body with swing fall. The minimum anchorage capacity shall be 5000
lbs (2268 kg) per person.
5.1.14 When no other option is practically possible other than to use “rope
access devices”. For example, activities on flare structures or any similar
other critical task, then the following requirements shall be fulfilled:
a. Material management to ensure that the rope access device is
designed by specialized companies, which are meeting the
requirements of IRATA, SPRAT USA or equivalent.
b. Risk assessment and EHSS Team approval for use of rope access
devices is required. Only personnel certified by IRATA (or equivalent),
including IRATA (or equivalent) medical requirements are allowed to
work on rope access tasks.
c. All rope access work at the site shall be supervised by an IRATA Level
III Technician or equivalent.
5.1.15 Any other device or tool needs to be used to execute work at height
activity, and not covered under the scope of this management system
shall not be utilized unless risk assessment has been conducted
considering the following aspects:
a. Authorization to install it
b. Authorization to use it
c. Manufacturer manual / data sheet
d. Certification of special tools (National / International)
e. Preparedness for emergency response (evacuation and rescue)
f. Review and approval of Petrokemya SME or equivalent
5.1.16 Fragile surfaces
a. Fragile surfaces and materials will not safely support the weight of a
person and any materials they may be carrying. All roofs shall be
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considered as fragile until a competent person (civil / structural

engineer) has confirmed that they are non-fragile. Some of the
examples of fragile surface are as follows:
 Fiber-cement sheets – non-reinforced sheets irrespective of profile
type.
 Roof lights – particularly those in the roof plane that can be difficult
to see in certain light conditions or when hidden by paint.
 Liner panels – on built-up sheeted roofs.
 Metal sheets – where corroded.
 Glass – including wired glass.
 Chipboard – or similar material where rotted.
 Others – including wood wool slabs, slates and tiles.
b. Effective precautions are required for all work on or near fragile
surfaces, no matter, how short the duration, whether the work
concerns construction, maintenance, repair, cleaning or demolition.
Ensure following hierarchy of control
 Plan and organize work to keep people away from fragile surfaces
as far as possible, example by working from below the surface on a
mobile elevating work platform or other suitable platform.
 Work on or near fragile surfaces requires a combination of stagings,
guard rails, fall restraint, fall arrest and safety nets slung beneath
and close to the roof.
 Warning signage shall be posted on the approach to any fragile
surface. Those carrying out the work must be trained, competent
and instructed in use of the precautions required.
 Roofs shall be reinforced where necessary to bear the load of
workers and materials.
 Workers shall not work on a roof that is exposed to the weather
during storms or lightning or high winds more than 65 Kmph.
 Materials shall not be stored within 1.8 meters (6 feet) of the roof
edge unless a guardrail system, including toe boards, is erected
along the edge.
 Roof work is extremely hazardous (fragile roofs or over edges). If
lifeline installation is required for full body harnesses, its selection,
installation and use shall be approved by a competent Civil Engineer
in agreement with the rigging specialist.
5.1.17 Work Over Water
a. Where men work on, over, or near water, Maintenance manager shall
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ensure a guardrail is provided, wherever a guardrail system is

impractical, or when men are outside the protection of these
safeguards, a personal fall arrest system shall be worn.
b. An approved personal flotation device (life jacket) shall be worn at all
times by each person working above or near water. Personal flotation
devices shall be inspected by the user prior to each use.
c. The number of lifebuoys and the length of the rope depend on the
location and the vertical distance above the water.
d. Maintenance manager to ensure life buoys with at least 90 feet of line
shall be provided and readily available for emergency rescue
operations. Distance between ring buoys shall not exceed 200 feet.
e. An authorized standby man shall be available when personnel are
working above or near water.
f. All the above measures shall be captured in approved JSA coupled with
rescue plan in accordance with SHEM-08.10
5.2 SCAFFOLDING GENERAL SAFETY
5.2.1 Petrokemya has the following basic types of scaffolds as per requirement
and feasibility :
a. Base-Supported scaffolds supported at their base, which are non-
movable
b. Mobile Scaffold, which are movable
c. Suspended scaffold, which are supported from top side by using
structure or slings
5.2.2 Permit issuer shall notify scaffold inspector / supervisor about the
process lines / equipment having temperature greater than 70°C or which
are expected to reach up to 70°C or more during shutdown / start-up to
prevent from any charring, smoking or similar event, which may lead to
fire incident. Scaffold Supervisor / inspector shall ensure that no parts of
scaffold touching these hot surface, especially wooden planks. Metal
planks shall be used whenever there is no practical difficulties.
5.2.3 Scaffolders who are authorized by Petrokemya, and under the direct
supervision of a Scaffold Supervisor / Inspector / Engineer are the only
workers allowed to erect or modify or repair any part of an existing
scaffold, including guardrails, planks, and ladders.
5.2.4 Following shall be considered by the permit issuer and receiver before
permitting for installation or dismantling of scaffoldings.
a) Identify and eliminate or minimize potential hazards during
scaffolding activities (erecting, dismantling and using).
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b) Proper safeguards shall be implemented to protect machines,

equipment suspected to be affected by scaffolding activities,
persons involved in scaffolding activities and other personnel
working nearby.
c) Identify and resolve temporary egress/access normal work activity
restriction caused by the scaffolding.
5.2.5 Permit issuer and receiver shall ensure appropriate precautions shall be
taken while erecting, dismantling and working on scaffoldings near hot
surfaces (temperature greater than 70˚C). It is as protection against
potential hazards like fire to scaffolding material, direct contact with hot
surfaces by workers and radiation effect to employees.
5.2.6 Surface temperature of the piping shall be given due considerations as
lanyard and drop line made of nylon and polypropylene drop line may get
damaged due to heat.
5.2.7 Proper evaluation and JSA shall be conducted for any scaffolds to be built
inside confined space with special configuration.
5.2.8 Scaffolding supervisor on inspector shall ensure securing scaffolds in
(Curved, Uneven, Sloped etc.) surfaces.
5.2.9 Competent and authorized person (Contractors scaffolding Supervisor or
Inspector) shall inspect scaffoldings and acknowledge by requestor
(maintenance, projects or operations) utilizing Attachment-1 for
supported scaffolds and Attachment-1 for mobile scaffolds of this
management system after erection or modification to the existing
scaffolding, before placing the tag. After inspection, the scaffolding tag
shall be in accordance with Scaffold tagging system and installed on the
access ladder or at a prominent visible place of the scaffolding. The
inspection checklist must be approved by Area maintenance manager
ONLY if any of the item are checked “NO or N/A”.
5.2.10 Scaffold tagging system shall be implemented.
a. Green Tag “Ready to use” - constructed scaffolding that meets the
safety standard and requirements after the inspection.
b. Yellow Tag- Full body harness required - scaffolding erected or
modified to suit specific job or work requirements that cannot meet
the norms or standard due to the location constraint and as a result
could impose hazard to the user, like incomplete handrail, guardrail,
toe boards, etc. Details of the incomplete scaffold shall be identified
on the tag. Any scaffold with missing parts, which are required for
structural stability (i.e bearers, runners, posts, ties or braces) shall
never be equipped with tag and hence shall not be permitted for use.
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c. Red Tag – Do not use scaffold - uninspected, ongoing erection and

under modification.
d. Green or Yellow Tag shall be removed, and “Do not use” TAG shall be
installed for any modification to be carried out on the scaffolding.
e. Only those scaffolding that has a signed inspection tag indicating fit
for use, shall be used.
f. Authorized scaffold supervisor, inspector and engineer shall only use
permanent ink pens to write on and sign green and yellow scaffold
tags. Over-writing shall not be allowed.
g. End user shall not use scaffold, if he observes any of the following
conditions, even if the scaffold is equipped with valid inspection tag,
and he shall immediately report the concern to the scaffold inspector
/ supervisor and area owner:
 Over writing
 Un-authorized modification / erection of scaffold
 Improper access to scaffold, even if the scaffold is below 1.8 meter
 Scaffold integrity effected by weather like rain, especially at its
support
 Any damage to scaffold such as hitting by suspended load or
hitting by heavy vehicle / vehicle
 Spill of chemical, water or oil on scaffold parts
 Or any other similar hazardous / concerning condition
5.2.11 Area owner shall ensure unwanted items shall not be kept on the
scaffolding platform. In addition, scaffold workers shall use proper
scaffold spanners and shall secure it with a rope or other special tools
(hand free tools) to prevent it from falling down, during scaffold erection
/ dismantling and modification.
5.2.12 If scaffolding is of two tiers, ladders to approach upper work platform
shall not be placed on lower scaffold to avoid its overloading.
5.2.13 Frames and accessories for scaffoldings shall be maintained in good
condition. Any broken, bent, excessively rusted, altered or otherwise
damaged frames or accessories shall not be used. Locking devices shall
be maintained in good working condition.
5.2.14 Extreme cold temperature service piping shall not be used.
5.2.15 Pipes that are supported by other pipes or by pipe hangers, aluminum
piping, conduit, tubing, handrails, or angle iron shall not be used.
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5.2.16 Scaffolder’s shall use full body harness (with Double lanyard) while
erecting or dismantling scaffold as per SHEM-08.08 Personal Protective
Equipment.
5.2.17 Scaffoldings shall not be moved or altered while in use or occupied.
5.2.18 Scaffolding shall not be used/ constructed/erected in case of storm or
high wind speed in excess of 40 miles per hour (65 km/hr.).
5.2.19 All Scaffold components shall be inspected by a contractor scaffolding
supervisor or Foreman Scaffolder physically before use, to ensure the
compliance of all damaged/worn-out/corroded components shall be
discarded and replaced
5.2.20 Material management shall ensure: Scaffolding frames are be
constructed of metal materials of known strength characteristics and
shall be capable of supporting the load as required by the OSHA 29 CFR
1926, Subpart L, it shall be capable of supporting at least four times the
maximum intended load. The requester raising maintenance notification
for scaffold erection shall ensure mentioning the maximum intended
load to be supported by the scaffold, including the number of personnel
using it at same time. The scaffold inspector shall erect scaffolding
according to the requirements given by the requester for safe execution
of the activity. Never overload the scaffold with more than its safe work
load limit capacity.
5.2.21 Material management shall ensure: Warning flags meet OSHA 29 CFR
1926, Subpart L, Red flags shall be used and installed in visible during
daytime and explosion-proof red lights at night as a warning when
scaffoldings are erected on roads or walks.
5.2.22 Scaffolding materials shall not be thrown or dropped from heights.
5.2.23 Scaffold Access for Users.
a. Direct access to scaffold is allowed when the scaffold is not more than
14 inches (36 centimeters) horizontally and not more than 24 inches
(61centimeters) vertically from the other surfaces. When scaffold
platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of
access, portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders, stair
towers (scaffold stairways/towers), stairway-type ladders (such as
ladder stands), ramps, walkways, integral prefabricated scaffold
access, or direct access from another scaffold, structure, personnel
hoist, or similar surface shall be used. Cross braces shall not be used
as means of access.
b. Steps and rungs of ladder and stairway type access shall line up
vertically with each other between rest platforms.
c. Portable, hook-on, and attachable ladders
Page 18 of 55
 Portable, hook-on, and attachable ladders shall be positioned so

as not to tip the scaffold;
 Hook-on and attachable ladders shall be positioned so that their
bottom rung is not more than 24 inches (61 cm) above the scaffold
supporting level.
 When hook-on and attachable ladders are used on a supported
scaffold more than 35 feet (10.7 m.) high, they shall have rest
platforms at 35 foot (10.7 m) maximum vertical intervals.
 Hook-on and attachable ladders shall be specifically designed for
use with the type of scaffold used.
 Hook-on and attachable ladders shall have a minimum rung length
of 11-1/2 inches (29 cm).
 Hook-on and attachable ladders shall have uniformly spaced rungs
with a maximum spacing between rungs of 16.75 inches (42.5 cm).
d. Stairway-type ladders shall:
 be positioned such that their bottom step is not more than 24
inches (61 cm) above the scaffold supporting level;
 be provided with rest platforms at 12 foot (3.7 m) maximum vertical
intervals;
 have a minimum step width of 16 inches (41 cm), except that mobile
scaffold stairway-type ladders shall have a minimum step width of
11.5 inches (30 cm); and
 Have slip-resistant treads on all steps and landings.
e. Stair-towers (scaffold stairway/towers) shall be positioned such that
their bottom step is not more than 24 inches (61 cm.) above the
scaffold supporting level.
 A stair-rail consisting of a toprail and a midrail shall be provided on
each side of each scaffold stairway.
 The toprail of each stair rail system shall also be capable of serving
as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided.
 Handrails, and toprails that serve as handrails, shall provide an
adequate handhold for employees grasping them to avoid falling.
 Stair-rail systems and handrails shall be surfaced to prevent injury
to employees from punctures or lacerations, and to prevent
snagging of clothing.
 The ends of stair rail systems and handrails shall be constructed
so that they do not constitute a projection hazard.
Page 19 of 55
 Handrails, and top rails that are used as handrails, shall be at least
3 inches (7.6 cm) from other objects.
 Stair-rails shall be not less than 28 inches (71 cm) nor more than 37
inches (94 cm) from the upper surface of the stair rail to the surface
of the tread, in line with the face of the riser at the forward edge of
the tread.
 A landing platform at least 18 inches (45.7 cm) wide by at least 18
inches (45.7 cm) long shall be provided at each level.
 Each scaffold stairway shall be at least 18 inches (45.7 cm) wide
between stair rail.
 Treads and landings shall have slip-resistant surfaces.
 Stairways shall be installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees
from the horizontal.
 Riser height shall be uniform, within 1/4 inch, (0.6 cm) for each
flight of stairs. Greater variations in riser height are allowed for the
top and bottom steps of the entire system, not for each flight of
stairs.
 Tread depth shall be uniform, within 1/4 inch, for each flight of
stairs.
f. Ramps and walkways.
 Ramps and walkways 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above lower levels shall
have guardrail systems
 No ramp or walkway shall be inclined more than a slope of one (1)
vertical to three (3) horizontal (20 degrees above the horizontal).
 If the slope of a ramp or a walkway is steeper than one (1) vertical
in eight (8) horizontal, the ramp or walkway shall have cleats not
more than fourteen (14) inches (35 cm) apart which are securely
fastened to the planks to provide footing.
g. Integral prefabricated scaffold access frames shall:
 Be specifically designed and constructed for use as ladder rungs.
 Have a rung length of at least 8 inches (20 cm).
 Not be used as work platforms when rungs are less than 11.5 inches
in length, unless each affected employee uses fall protection, or
other similar device.
 Be uniformly spaced within each frame section;
 Be provided with rest platforms at 35-foot (10.7 m) maximum
vertical intervals on all supported scaffolds more than 35 feet (10.7
m) high.
Page 20 of 55
 Have a maximum spacing between rungs of 16.75 inches (43 cm).

Non-uniform rung spacing caused by joining end frames together
is allowed, provided the resulting spacing does not exceed 16.75
inches (43 cm).
5.2.24 Material management shall ensure Standards are pitched on 15 cm x 15
cm steel base plates. Joints in standards shall be staggered, i.e., joints in
adjacent standards should not occur in the same lift. All standards shall
be vertical.
5.2.25 Runners shall be erected along the length of the scaffolding at even
height. Runners shall be interlocked to form continuous lengths and
coupled to each post. Runners shall be placed not more than 2 m on
centers.
5.2.26 Scaffoldings shall be properly braced as required by the OSHA 29 CFR
1926, Subpart L, it shall be braced by cross and/or diagonal bracing to
square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffolding retains
plumb, square, and maintains rigid alignment. Where the height or length
of the scaffolding exceeds 7.5 meters, the scaffolding shall be securely
tied to a structure at intervals not greater than 7.5 meters.
5.2.27 Bearers shall be installed transversely between posts and shall be
securely coupled to the post bearing on the runner coupler.
5.2.28 Cross and longitudinal bracing shall be provided.
5.2.29 Posts, ledgers and bearers shall be connected in accordance with one of
the following fastening method:
a. Captive wedge system.
b. Quick fix system.
c. Cup lock system.
5.2.30 Locking pin type system shall not be used.
5.2.31 Posts shall be accurately spaced, erected on suitable bases to prevent
swaying and displacement, and maintained plumb at all times.
5.2.32 Clearance for scaffoldings erected over or near railroads shall have a 2.50
meters horizontal clearance and 7 meters vertical clearance.
5.2.33 Clearance between electrical power lines and the scaffolds shall be in
accordance with the following:
Page 21 of 55
Voltage Clearance
< 300 volts (Insulated lines) 1 meter (3 feet)
300 volts to 50 KV (insulated

3 meters (10 feet)
lines)
< 50 KV (un-insulated lines) 3 meters (10 feet)
3 meters (10 feet) plus 10 cm (4

> 50 KV(insulated lines) inches) for each KV above 50
KV
3 meters (10 feet) plus 10 cm (4
> 50 KV(un-insulated lines) inches) for each KV above 50
KV
Table 5 Voltage vs Clearance
5.2.34 Material Management shall ensure : Scaffold Tubes and Fittings: shall
meet the requirement as per OSHA 29 CFR 1926, Subpart L:
a. Scaffold tube shall be 48.3 mm (1.9 inch) nominal outside diameter.
It shall be of mild steel and normally supplied in lengths of 6.3
meters.
b. Tubes shall be free from cracks and surface flaws, laminations,
excessive rust and other defects. The end shall be cut square and
clearly.
c. A tube shall not deviate from a straight line by more than 1/600 of
its length measured at the center.
d. Tube shall be fabricated in accordance with any of the following
standards:
 ASTM A500 Grade B.
 ASTM A53 Grade B.
 BS 1139, Part 1, section 1.1.
 EN 10219.
e. Couplers shall be in accordance with the following requirements of
BS 5973:1993, Table 17 for Safe working load:
Page 22 of 55
EN74 Rated Safe

Type of Coupler Type of Load Working Load
Class
(SWL) **
Joint Pin Tension - 0 kN (0 lb.)
Force to pull the

Bearer Coupler - Putlog
tube axially out of - 0.53 kN (120 lb.)
or Single Coupler
the coupler
Right Angle Coupler-
Double or Load Slip along a tube B 9.4 kN (2,100 lb.)
Bearing Coupler
3.0 kN (675 lb.)
End-to-End Coupler - Tension slip B
0.59kN-m (435
Sleeve Coupler Bending B
lb.-ft.)
Adjustable Coupler -
Slip along a tube A 5.3 kN (1,190 lb.)
Swivel Coupler
Table 6 Type of Coupler
5.2.35 Foundations for scaffoldings shall meet the requirement as per OSHA 29
CFR 1926, Subpart L:
a. All scaffoldings shall be erected on a firm foundation. Scaffoldings
can normally be built directly on concrete. Scaffoldings built on
asphalt require a base plate, plywood or a plank to spread the load.
All scaffoldings built on shell or firm soil shall have plywood pads
or planking under the supporting legs.
b. Bases of the scaffold shall be at least 1.5 times the depth of
excavation away from edges of excavation (including trenches),
unless adequate precautions are taken to prevent collapse of the
excavation and ensure integrity of scaffold foundation.
c. Screw jacks shall be used to level scaffoldings. Make-shift shims of
blocks of wood, bricks, or concrete shall not be permitted.
d. The footing or anchorage for scaffolding shall be capable of
supporting the maximum intended load without settlement or
displacement.
e. Timber sole plates shall be at least 23 cm wide by 3.8 cm thick (not
scaffolding planks).
f. Where scaffolding is erected on solid bearing such as rock or
concrete, small timber pads shall be used in place of sole plates to
prevent the base plates striking off.
Page 23 of 55
g. Concrete block, barrels and other base or unsuitable materials shall

not be used for the construction or support of scaffolding.
5.2.36 Guardrails and Toe boards shall meet the requirement as per OSHA 29
CFR 1926, Subpart L:
a. Guardrails and Toe boards shall be installed for work at more than 1.8
meters height to prevent falling of material/personnel.
b. Guardrails shall not be less than 0.9 meters or more than 1 meter
high. Mid-rail shall also be installed.
c. Toe boards 2.5 cm x 10 cm lumber shall be installed at all open sides
on all scaffoldings more than 3 meters above the ground or floor. Toe
boards shall be a minimum of 10 cm in height.
5.2.37 Material management shall ensure Ties - shall meet the requirement as
per OSHA 29 CFR 1926, Subpart L:
a. Scaffoldings, (with the exception of certain tower and mobile
scaffoldings), shall be securely tied to the building or structure
throughout their length and height to prevent movement of the
scaffolding either towards or away from the building or structure.
This shall be done by connecting a tie tube to both ledgers and
standards and coupling to a tie or column box tie assembly. Tubes
shall be securely wedged between opposing surfaces on the
building or structure by the use of reveal pins, and coupled to the
tie tubes. Where reveal ties are used, they shall not exceed 50% of
the total number of ties. Two-way ties or column box ties shall be
evenly distributed over the scaffolding area. To ensure the security of
reveal ties, it is necessary to check frequently for tightness.
b. Ties shall occur at least every 4 meters vertically. All tie assembly
connections shall be made with 90 degree load bearing couplers.
c. The scaffolding shall be tied up and securely braced against the
building at intervals not to exceed 9 meters horizontally and 7.8
meters vertically.
5.2.38 Planking and Decking - shall meet the requirement as per OSHA 29 CFR
1926, Subpart L:
a. Metallic planking of approved grade and specification shall be used.
While using metallic planking, special considerations shall be given
to electrical hazards, in case live cables or equipment’s are located
nearby the scaffold.
Page 24 of 55
b. All planking or platform shall be overlapped as a minimum 0.3 meters

or secured from movement.
Full Thickness Undressed Nominal Thickness

Lumber Lumber
Working Load (PSF) 25 50 75 25 50
Permissible Span (m) 3 2 2 2 2
Table 7 Max Span for wider planks
c. All planking shall be Scaffolding Grade as recognized by grading of
species of wood. The maximum spans for 5 cm x 23 cm or wider planks
are as follows:
d. Support for scaffold planks shall be spaced with sue to the nature of
the platform and the load it will bear. Supports for 50.8 mm (2 inches)
planks shall never be more than 2.6 M (87 ft. 6 inches) apart
e. Scaffolding planks shall extend over their end supports not less than
15 cm. and more than 46 cm. Scaffolding planking shall be cleated at
each end. Nails or bolts used for cleating shall be sufficient and
adequate size to provide secure banding of the cleat. Nails shall not
be subjected to a straight pull and shall be driven full length.
f. Planks shall not be painted or treated in any way that would conceal
defects.
g. Planks that are split, decayed, or warped shall not be used, but the
parts affected should be cut off to produce shorter planks with the
ends banded or bolted through.
h. Scaffolding planks shall not be used for shuttering for concrete,
shoring for trenches, or as sole plates for scaffolding.
i. All decking shall be a minimum of 2 cm construction grade plywood,
clean and free of obvious defects such as cracks, knotholes, etc., and
uncontaminated with chemicals, paint, concrete or other substances
that may weaken the plywood.
j. Plywood decking shall be used to span an opening up to maximum
width of 60 cm. The decking shall extend the full width of standard
scaffolding planking 5 cm x 23 cm minimum, which shall be used for
support.
k. The decking shall be nailed in place. Nails shall be driven full length.
l. Decking shall be kept free of unnecessary obstructions, materials, and
projecting nails.
m. Decking which has become slippery with oil or any other substance
shall be sanded, cleaned, or otherwise treated as soon as possible.
Page 25 of 55
n. Slopes in decking shall not exceed 1 vertical to 4 horizontal and

stepping cleats at 0.3 meters intervals shall be provided.
o. All decking shall be closed planked for the full width of the scaffolding
structure and shall never be less than three 23 cm planks in width.
p. Except on deck where it comes in contact with the surface of a
cylindrical or spherical structure, planks shall be laid flush
q. Adequate space for men to pass in safely shall be provided and
maintained whenever materials are placed on the decking or if any
higher platform is erected thereon.
5.2.39 Access Ladders for Scaffoldings shall meet the requirement as per OSHA
29 CFR 1926, Subpart L:
a. Ladders shall be structurally sound with no sharp edges, burrs, etc.
Ladder shall be in accordance with the requirements of section 4.6 of
this Management system.
b. Metal or wet ladders shall not be used near electrical equipment or
while using electrical tools.
c. All scaffoldings shall be equipped with access ladders of sufficient
strength to meet the requirements.
d. Openings on working platforms to access the ladder shall be
appropriately barricaded to avoid the fall hazards.
e. Access ladders shall not exceed 6 meters in length with the minimum
width between side rails
f. Rungs shall be 0.3 meters on center and shall be knurled, dimples,
corrugated or treated to reduce slippage. Rungs shall be parallel and
level when in position for use.
g. Access ladders shall be maintained in good condition at all times and
inspected prior to each use. Ladders shall be kept clean of oil and
grease. Ladders with bent rungs or side rails or excessive deflection
shall be taken out of service.
h. Rungs shall be able to withstand a working load of 200 pounds.
i. Access ladders shall be installed with secure footings and shall be
secured within 0.6 meters of the top and 0.6 meters of the bottom.
Ladders longer than 3 meters will require additional securing at
mid-point or as close to mid-point as practical. Material used in
securing ladders shall be of sufficient strength for intended use.
Ladders shall not be fastened together to provide longer sections
and shall not be used for bracing, skid, guy pole or any use other than
for which intended.
Page 26 of 55
Note: Any scaffold portable ladder installed alone, shall also be provided
with scaffold inspection tag, with the date of erection and the weekly
inspection date.
5.2.40 Mobile Scaffoldings - shall meet the requirement as per OSHA 29 CFR
1926, Subpart L:
a. In certain cases, small tower scaffoldings shall be fitted with casters
with interlocking mechanism to facilitate mobility. They shall be used
on hard level surfaces and not on sand or gravel.
b. Casters are always locked when the scaffolding is in use. Wheels or
casters, not less than 13 cm diameter, and fitted with brakes which
cannot be released accidentally, shall be securely fixed to the bases of
the standards.
c. No person, tools, or equipment shall remain on the scaffolding when it
is being moved.
d. Adequate clearance from overhead pipe lines and electrical cables
(in accordance to Section 5.1.32 of this Sub-element) shall be
maintained while scaffolds are moved from one place to another.
e. Access ladder shall be provided from outside part of the mobile
scaffolding.
5.2.41 Suspended Scaffoldings shall meet the requirement as per OSHA 29 CFR
1926, Subpart L:
a. For work in pipe racks, suspended scaffoldings may be hung from the
structural steelwork.
b. Normal rules of planking and handrails shall apply and the scaffolding
shall be secured against movement.
5.2.42 Hop-up Scaffoldings - shall meet the requirement as per OSHA 29 CFR
1926, Subpart L:
a) Shall not be more than 3 meters high.
b) Shall be fully planked and, where necessary ladder access. Shall be
supplied.
5.2.43 Trestle Platforms shall meet the requirement as per OSHA 29 CFR 1926,
Subpart L:
a) Shall not be more than 1.5 meters high.
b) The trestles shall be properly constructed of timber or metal.
c) The trestles shall be more than 3 meters apart and the
planks not less than 50 cm wide.
5.2.44 Scaffolding Components:
All scaffold structures shall be erected with approved material
Page 27 of 55
components.
Ordinary scaffold tubing is approximately 48.3 mm in diameter and is
referred to as two inches tubing. It is mild steel and normally supplied
in lengths of 6.0 M (20 ft.). Tubes must be free from cracks and
surface flows, laminations, excessive rust, and other defects. The
end shall be cut square and clean.
a. ALUMINUM TUBING
 Although aluminum tubing is dimensionally interchangeable with
steel tubing, it must not be used in the same structure because
of the difference in the elastic constants of the two materials,
which results in greater deflection in aluminum tubing for the
same loading conditions.
 Aluminum tubing shall not be used where there is likelihood of
contact with materials harmful to aluminum such as caustic
liquids, damp lime, wet cement, and seawater.
b. TUBULAR WELDED FRAME SCAFFOLDS
 Metal tubular frame scaffolds, including accessories such as
braces, brackets, trusses, screw legs, ladders etc., shall be
designed and proved to safely support four times the maximum
intended loads.
 Spacing of panel or frames shall be consistent with the loads
imposed.
 Scaffold legs shall be set on adjustable bases or plain bases to
adequately support the maximum intended load.
 The frames scaffolding shall be placed one on top of the other with
coupling or stacking pins to provide proper vertical alignment of
the legs.
 Where uplift may occur, panels shall be locked together vertically
by pins or other equivalent suitable means.
 Competent and experienced personnel shall erect all tubular
welded frame scaffolds
c. FITTINGS
 All fittings (couplers, clamps, etc.) shall be of an approved metal
type. They shall be examined regularly and care must be taken to
ensure that moving parts are sound and well lubricated, and those
threads are not stripped.
d. STANDARDS
Page 28 of 55
 Standards shall be pitched as required. It shall be pitched on 150

mm x 150 mm steel base plates. Joints in standards shall be
staggered, i.e. joints in adjacent standards shall not occur in the
same lift. All standards shall be vertical.
 The inner row of standards shall be placed as close as possible to
the face of the building or structure. To avoid projections, the
standards may be up to 381.0 mm (15-inches) away from the wall
or structure as necessary, provided that, where there is room to
do so, the gap between the wall and structure and the inner
standard shall be closed with a single plank on extended board
bearers. The outer row of standards shall be approximately
1027.0mm (3ft. 4inches) from the inner row to allow for four 228.6
mm (9-inches) plank between them.
e. SCAFFOLD PLANKS:
Two types of Scaffold Planks are acceptable to use at PK, Rough
Timber and Laminated Veneer Lumber:
 Rough Timber:
Scaffold Planks for rough timber shall conform to the following
specifications:
o Rough timber planks shall be 50.8 mm (2 inches) thick by 228.6
mm (9 inches) wide, lengths may vary.
o On the face of the plank, the ends shall not be split up more
than 304.8 mm (12 inches) with the banding fixed or the end
bolted through.
o On the edge of the plank, not more than half the depth shall
be knot-wood nor the grain shall not cross from face to face
within a distance of less than 304.8 mm (12 inches).
 Laminated Veneer Lumber:
Scaffold planks of laminated veneer lumber shall conform to
the following specifications:
o Veneer planks shall be 38.1 mm (1 ½ inches) to 63.5 mm (2 ½
inches) thick by 241 mm (9.5 inches) wide, lengths may vary.
o Veneer lumber scaffold planks shall be made of one tenth or
one eighth veneer with the grain oriented parallel to the length
of the plank. The veneer joints shall be staggered through the
thickness of the plank and glued together in a continuous
process with lap or scarf joints connecting successive veneers
in each layer.
Page 29 of 55
o The edges of veneer planks shall be eased, the ends of planks

shall be sealed to retard moisture absorption and the faces of
the planks may be abraded.
o Scaffold planks of rough timber and laminated veneer lumber
shall conform to the following specifications:
o From end to end, the plank must not be twisted more than 12.7
mm (½ inch).
o Planks shall be stacked on a suitable foundation. If the height of
a stack exceeds 20 planks, precautions should shall be taken to
tie or bond succeeding layers.
o Planks shall not be stood on end unattended.
5.2.45 If scaffold components used as anchorage for lifting appliances (e.g chain
block or retrieval system, etc.) to hold / lift the load, then:
a. Authorized scaffold inspector / supervisor, while erecting such
anchorage supports with scaffold components shall confirm from the
rigger or job executor (Supervisor / Foreman) that the gross weight can
be supported/lifted by the scaffold components
b. Scaffold inspector / supervisor shall consult the scaffolding engineer
for the maximum allowable load to be supported by it, and shall place
a tag, which indicates the limit of maximum safe workload.
c. The authorized rigger shall not use the scaffold for lifting and
anchorage point unless the scaffolding engineer or inspector approval
has been obtained in-line with SHEM-08.06.
d. The end user of such scaffolds shall never use load beyond safe
workload capacity.
5.3 LIFTING PERSONNEL THROUGH CAGES
Personnel lifting through cages shall comply with the following requirements:
5.3.1 Lifting of personnel through hanging cage for working at height shall
be avoided as far as practicably possible. Use of all alternative means
shall be carefully considered before.
5.3.2 The use of Personnel Platform for lifting personnel shall be approved
by the Area Maintenance Sr. Manager, Operation Sr. Manager and EHSS
Sr. Manager.
5.3.3 In case the use of cage for personnel lifting is not avoidable, only tested
and certified cages shall be used for such activities.
5.3.4 A factory-manufactured Personnel Platform certified by manufacturer
to meet ASME/ANSI B30.5 shall be used.
Page 30 of 55
5.3.5 All potential emergencies situations e.g. failure of crane breaks, damage
to process lines due to movement of hanging cages, etc. shall be
identified and appropriate safety measures shall be implemented.
5.3.6 Area Maintenance Manager shall approve the cage and slings before
every such service. During Turnarounds, or Projects the respective T/A
Manager/ Project Engineer shall be responsible to approve the use of
cages. See Attachment 4 for cage & slings approval form. This form
shall be maintained Mobile Equipment Section for three years.
5.3.7 Cages and the slings shall have a third party valid load testing and valid
certificate.
5.3.8 Cages shall have a steel ring at the top for passing the sling or shall have
four steel rings at each top corner.
5.3.9 Cages shall be fastened to the crane hook through sling. If the cage has
one steel ring at top in the center then one chain or steel sling shall be
used. If the cage has four rings one at each corner then four chains or
steel slings shall be used.
5.3.10 Cage flooring shall meet the requirement as per 29 CFR 1926 Subpart CC,
it shall have a raised pattern with a 6 mm (1/4 inch) nominal thickness.
5.3.11 Wall and floor of cages shall be free from any protruding to avoid injury
to the personnel.
5.3.12 Cages shall have a top railing with a vertical height of 1 meter (3.3 feet)
from upper surface of top railing to the floor. It shall have intermediate
railing halfway between the top railing and the floor.
5.3.13 All pipe railing shall be seal welded and be of adequate strength. It shall
be capable of supporting at least 4 times the maximum intended load or
engineering department shall determine the strength suitable of
intended use.
5.3.14 Cages shall have the entrance from top with top rail completely closed
(360o) or shall have a safety chain at the entrance and equipped with a
proper latch type hook at its moveable end.
5.3.15 The chain shall not hang excessively and the maximum deflection shall
not exceed 8 cm (3inches). The safety chain at the cage entrance shall
always be at the rear side of the person in cage.
5.3.16 Cage toe plates shall be minimum 8.9 cm (3 ½ inch) high, securely
fastened and with not more than 1.2 cm (1/2 inch) clearance above floor
level.
5.3.17 Cage working loads shall be assessed and marked on a plate attached
permanently to it.
5.3.18 Mobile Equipment section shall ensure;
Page 31 of 55
5.3.19 Annual inspection and load testing at 1.25 times of the working load is
carried out and the date of testing are marked on the load indicating
plate.
5.3.20 The sling used for lifting the cage shall be tested annually at 1.25 times of
the cage and working load.
5.3.21 Crane hook used for the cage shall have a safety latch.
5.3.22 Full body Safety harness shall be used and it shall be tied to the crane
hook through a sling.
5.3.23 All jobs shall be performed while standing on the cage floor. Cage railing
shall not be used for standing purpose.
5.3.24 If the cage is to be raised more than 10 meters in height, two 1.2 cm (1/2
inch) diameter guy ropes shall be tied to the cage on either side, in order
to prevent the swing action. These guy ropes shall be held by person(s)
on the ground to control the swinging.
5.3.25 If the cage is to be raised up to a height of 10 meters only, single guy rope
may be used.
5.3.26 Lifting of man and material together in single cage shall be avoided.
5.3.27 Appropriate and effective communication system shall be established
between personnel in cage and supervisor at ground level.
5.3.28 Wind direction and speed shall be considered before start and during the
job. Work shall be stopped in case of wind speed higher than 20 miles per
hour (32 km/hr). Other weather conditions like rain, heat and humidity
shall also be considered.
5.3.29 Hoisting of personnel shall be performed in a slow, controlled and
cautious manner.
5.3.30 The area shall be barricaded or at least restricted for personnel not
directly involved.
5.4 Mobile Elevated Working Platforms (MEWPs)
5.4.1 Mobile Elevated Working Platforms (MEWPs) may be used to perform work
at height safely. Such devices require many additional control measures
such as proper certification, periodic inspection, maintenance, training,
etc. This best practice is created by Worksafe and no changes have been
made to the content. A license for this document can be found at
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/nz/.
5.5 MANLIFT
5.5.1 Man lifts shall be inspected by man lift operator in accordance with SHEM-
08.06.
5.5.2 Man lift operator shall ensure valid inspection sticker available on it.
Page 32 of 55
5.5.3 Area supervisor/leader will Ensure the movement route inspected prior to
mobilize to avoid any uneven ground condition or any bricks or stones in
the area, to avoid topple of the man lift.
5.5.4 Work shall be stopped in case of wind speed higher than 20 miles per hour
(32 km/hr. Ensure following precautions are in place before using man lift
to prevent falling from height
a. Steps.
b. Step Fastenings.
c. Rails, Rail Supports and Fastenings.
d. Floor Landings.
e. Guardrails.
f. Illumination.
g. Vibration and Misalignment.
5.6 LADDERS & STAIRCASES
5.6.1 General requirements for all types of Ladders and Stairs
a. Area Sr. Manager to ensure Metal or wet ladders shall not be used
near electrical equipment or while using electrical tools. Only
nonconductive ladders shall be used near potential electric hazards.
b. The ladder base shall be on a firm, level surface. Ladders shall not
be leaned against unstable surfaces.
c. Ladders shall not be loaded beyond their maximum intended
load or beyond their manufacturer’s rated capacity.
d. Ladders shall not be used on slippery surfaces unless secured or
provided with slip-resistant feet to prevent accidental movement.
e. Slip resistant feet shall not be used as a substitute for exercising
care when placing, lashing or holding a ladder upon slippery
surfaces.
f. Ladders shall not be moved, shifted or extended while in use.
g. The top portion of ladder shall protrude about 1.10 meters beyond
the top support. Where this is impossible because of interference
by the surroundings, a suitable hand grip in the form of an
extension secured to one of the ladder side rails or to adjacent
equipment should be made available.
h. Barricades or guards are required if the ladder is set up in a crowded
area. The area at the base of the ladder shall always be kept
uncluttered.
i. When placing ladders in close proximity to sprinkler systems, small
bore pipes or other delicate or hazardous equipment where damage
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may be done, care shall be exercised in the positioning of the ladder

to avoid its contact with such equipment.
j. Ladders shall neither be used in a horizontal position as a platform,
runway or scaffold nor be used as a brace, skid, gin pole, etc.
k. Ladders shall not be tied together to provide longer sections. If they
are designed for extended use, they shall be equipped with hardware
fittings and adequate locking arrangement.
l. Straight or extension Ladder shall not be climbed higher than the third
rung from the top and stepladder shall not be climbed higher than the
second step from the top of it.
m. While ascending or descending on ladders, 3-Point contact rule shall
be followed. It means 3 points (out of the 4 i.e., hands and feet), shall
always be in contact with the ladder during ascending or descending.
n. Ladder shall not be ascended or descended with material in hand
(Tool belt or a hand line with a suitable container should be used).
o. Ladder shall not be ascended or descended by more than one person
at a time except for double-cleated ladders.
p. Single-rail ladders shall not be used.
q. Ladders shall be maintained free of oil, grease and other slipping
hazards and shall be used only for designed purpose
r. Double-cleated ladders or two or more ladders shall be provided
when ladders are the only way to enter or exit a work area where 25 or
more employees work or when a ladder serves simultaneous two-way
traffic.
s. Two or more separate ladders used to reach an elevated work area
shall be offset with a landing platform between the ladders, except
when portable ladders are used to gain access to fixed ladders.
t. Ladder components shall be surfaced to prevent snagging of clothing
and injury from punctures or lacerations.
u. Non-self-supporting ladders shall be used at an angle where the
horizontal distance from the top support to the foot of the ladder is
approximately one-quarter of the working length of the ladder.
v. The top of a non-self-supporting ladder shall be placed with two rails
supported equally unless it is equipped with a single support
attachment.
w. Rungs and steps shall be corrugated, knurled, dimpled, coated with
skid-resistant material or treated to minimize slipping.
x. A ladder must be of the proper length for the job to be done. If it is to
be used for access or as a working place, it shall rise to a height of at
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least 914.4 mm (3-ft.) above the landing place, or above the highest
rung to be reached by the feet of the person using the ladder.
y. Aluminum ladders shall not be used where there is likelihood and
contact with materials harmful to aluminum, such as caustic liquids,
damp line, wet cement and seawater.
z. Dielectric fiberglass ladders shall be used around electrical
equipment and Exposure areas such as the Chlorine Cell Lines.
Note: Care and maintenance of ladders: All owner departments / Projects
utilizing any types of movable ladders (step, portable, mobile etc..) shall
ensure the availability of a dedicated place for storing or positioning
movable ladders inside the Plant to avoid damage to the ladders, and to
prevent from any slip, trip, fall or blocking of emergency equipment.
5.6.2 Portable Ladders: shall comply with the OSHA 29 CFR 1926, Subpart X
requirement:
a. The minimum clear distance between side rails for all portable
ladders shall be 11.5 inches (29 cm). In addition, the rungs and
steps of portable metal ladders shall be corrugated, knurled,
dimpled, coated with skid-resistant material or treated to minimize
slipping.
b. Non-self-supporting and self-supporting portable ladders shall
support at least four times the maximum intended load; extra
heavy-duty type 1A metal or plastic ladders shall sustain 3.3 times
the maximum intended load.
c. To determine whether a self-supporting ladder can sustain a certain
load, apply the load to the ladder in a downward vertical direction
with the ladder placed at a horizontal angle of 75.5 degrees.
d. When portable ladders are used for access to an upper landing
surface, the side rails shall extend at least 3 feet (90 cm) above
the upper landing surface. When such an extension is not possible,
the ladder shall be secured and a grasping device such as a grab
rail shall be provided to assist workers in mounting and dismounting
the ladder.
e. A ladder extension shall not deflect under a load that would cause
the ladder to slip off its supports.
5.6.3 Step Ladder: shall comply with the OSHA 29 CFR 1926, Subpart X
requirements:
a. Metal spreader or locking devices shall be provided on stepladders
to hold the front and back sections in an open position when ladders
are being used
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b. Cross bracing on the rear section of stepladders should not be used

for climbing unless the ladders are designed and provided with steps
for climbing on both front and rear sections.
c. The top or top step of a stepladder shall not be used as a step.
d. Maximum lengths of stepladders shall be as below:
• Industrial stepladder, 13 to 20 feet for heavy duty, such as utilities,
contractors and industrial use.
• Commercial stepladder, 3-12 feet for medium duty, such as
painters, offices and light industrial use.
5.6.4 Single (Straight) & Extension Ladders
a. All single ladders and lower halves of extension ladders shall be
equipped with safety feet. (Metal spikes or spurs may be used when
needed).
b. Single ladders longer than 9 meters shall not be permitted for use.
c. Two-section extension ladders longer than 18 meters shall not be
permitted for use. On two-section (extension) ladders up to 18 m, the
minimum overlap for the two sections in use shall be as follows:
SIZE OF LADDER (METERS) OVERLAP (METERS)
Up to and including 11.4 0.9
Over 11.4 up to and including 14.4 1.2
Over 14.4 up to and including 18.0 1.5
Table 8 Size of Ladder vs Overlap
d. All single and two-section ladders shall be equipped with at least a 1.8
m long rope about 4 cm in diameter to secure the top of the ladder.
e. Straight ladders shall be set against the wall (support) at a four-to-
one ratio.
f. Straight and extension ladders shall be secured (tied off) as close to
the support point as possible. If this is not possible, a second person
shall be assigned to support the base. When using ladder on
scaffolds, both ends of the ladder must be anchor.
5.6.5 Fixed Ladders:

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a. Fixed ladders shall be able to support at least two loads of 250

pounds (114 kg) each, concentrated between any two consecutive
attachments.
b. Minimum perpendicular clearance between fixed ladder rungs,
cleats, and steps and any obstruction behind the ladder shall be 7
inches (18 cm), except that the clearance for an elevator pit ladder
shall be 4.5 inches (11 cm).
c. Minimum perpendicular clearance between the centerline of fixed
ladder rungs, cleats and steps, and any obstruction on the climbing
side of the ladder shall be 30 inches (76 cm). If obstructions are
unavoidable, clearance may be reduced to 24 inches (61 cm),
provided a deflection device is installed to guide workers around the
obstruction.
d. Fixed ladders shall also support added anticipated load/force
caused by winds, rigging and impact loads resulting from use of
ladder safety devices.
e. Individual rung/step ladders shall extend at least 42 inches (1.1 m)
above an access level or landing platform either by the continuation
of the rung spacing as horizontal grab bars or by providing vertical
grab bars that shall have the same lateral spacing as the vertical legs
of the ladder rails.
f. Each step or rung of a fixed ladder shall be able to support a load of
at least 250 pounds (114 kg) applied in the middle of the step or rung.
g. Minimum clear distance between the sides of individual rung/step
ladders and between the side-rails of other fixed ladders shall be 16
inches (41 cm).
h. Step-across distance between the center of the steps or rungs of fixed
ladders and the nearest edge of a landing area shall be no less than 7
inches (18 cm) and no more than 12 inches (30 cm). A landing platform
shall be provided if the step across distance exceeds 12 inches (30
cm).
i. Fixed ladders without cages or wells shall have at least a 15-inched (38
cm) clearance width to the nearest permanent object on each side of
the centerline of the ladder.
j. Side rails of through or side-step fixed ladders shall extend 42 inches
(1.1 m) above the top level or landing platform served by the ladder.
k. Parapet ladders shall have an access level at the roof if the parapet is
cut to permit passage through it. If the parapet is continuous, the
access level is the top of the parapet.
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l. Steps or rungs for through-fixed-ladder extensions shall be omitted

from the extension; and the extension of side rails shall be flared to
provide between 24 inches (61 cm) and 30 inches (76 cm) clearance
between side rails.
m. When safety devices are provided, the maximum clearance distance
between side rail extensions shall not exceed 36 inches (91 cm).
n. Fixed ladders shall be used at a pitch no greater than 90deg from the
horizontal, measured from the back side of the ladder.
o. Where the total length of a climb for fixed ladder equals or exceeds 24
feet (7.3 meters), fixed ladders shall be equipped with one of the
following fall protection measure:
 Ladder safety devices.
 Self-retracting lifelines, and rest platforms at intervals not to
exceed 150 ft. (45.7 meters).
 A cage or well, and multiple ladder sections, each ladder
section shall not exceed 50 feet (15.2 meters) length. Ladder
sections shall be offset from adjacent sections, and landing
platforms shall be provided at maximum intervals of 50 feet (15.2
meters).
 Either of the above mentioned protection shall be provided
even if the length of the climb is less than 24 feet. (7.3 meters)
but the top of the ladder is greater than 24 feet (7.3 meters) from
the ground level.
 Prior to start any excavation near the access of fixed ladder,
scaffolding supervisor will ensure to provide hard barricade at
top and bottom access of the fixed ladder to prevent the user
falling into excavation during ascending or descending.
5.6.6 Cages For Fixed Ladders
a. Cages shall extend not less than 27 inches (68 cm), or more than 30
inches (76 cm) from the centerline of the step or rung (excluding the
flare at the bottom of the cage), and shall not be less than 27 inches
(68 cm) in width.
b. The inside of the cage shall be clear of projections.
c. Horizontal bands shall be spaced not more than 4 feet (1.2 meters) on
vertical centers and fastened to the side rails of rail ladders or
directly to the structure, building or equipment for individual-rung
ladders.
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d. Vertical bars shall be spaced at intervals not more than 9.5

inches (24 cm) on horizontal centers and shall be on the inside
of the horizontal bands and shall be fastened to them.
e. The bottom of the cage (wells) shall be at a level of between 7 feet
(2.1 meters) to 8 feet (2.4 meters) above the point of access to the
bottom of the ladder. The bottom of the cage shall be flared not less
than 4 inches (10 cm) all around within the distance between the
bottom horizontal band and the next higher band.
f. The top of the cage shall be a minimum of 42 inches (1.1 meters) above
the top of the platform, or the point of access at the top of the ladder,
with provision for access to the platform or other point of access.
g. Adequate provisions shall be made to avoid falling of persons from
one floor to another through landing access openings of cage ladders.
5.6.7 Wells For Fixed Ladders
a. Wells shall completely encircle the ladder.
b. Wells shall be free of projections.
c. Inside faces of wells on the climbing side of the ladder shall extend
between 27 inches (68 cm) and 30 inches (76 cm) from the centerline
of the step or rung.
d. Inside widths of wells shall be at least 30 inches (76 cm).
e. Bottoms of wells above the point of access to the bottom of the ladder
shall between 7 feet (2.1 m) and 8 feet (2.4 m).
5.6.8 Fixed ladders that do not have cages or wells shall have the following:
a. A clear width of at least 15 inches (38 cm) on each side of the ladder
centerline to the nearest permanent object.
b. A minimum perpendicular distance of 30 inches (76 cm) from the
centerline of the steps or rungs to the nearest object on the climbing
side. When unavoidable obstructions are encountered, the minimum
clearance at the obstruction may be reduced to 24 inches (61 cm),
provided deflector plates are installed.
c. Supervisors (maintenance & operation) shall ensure to provide fall
protection for employees on fixed ladders.
5.6.9 Fixed ladder requirement for Hatch Access
a. Extensions for Individual Rung Ladders, stipulates that the general
requirement for extension of the ladder above the access/egress level
(i.e. extending 36 inches or greater above the roofline) do not apply to
ladders "intended for manholes and terminations with hatches."
b. Ensure guardrails around such opening (e.g. hinged cover for an
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opening is left up) as there are sides exposed which shall be

appropriately protected. Otherwise, utilize the created opening
approval whenever the guardrails are not available as per Attachment
10 of this management system.
5.6.10 Ladder Safety Devices And Related Support Systems For Fixed Ladders:
a. The connection between the carrier or lifeline and the point of
attachment to the body belt or harness shall not exceed 9 inches (23
cm) in length.
b. In addition, ladder safety devices and related support systems on
fixed ladders shall confirm to the following
c. All safety devices shall be able to withstand, without failure, a drop
test consisting of a 500-pound weight (226 kg) dropping 18 inches (41
cm).
d. All safety devices shall permit the worker to ascend or descend
without continually having to hold, push or pull any part of the
device, leaving both hands free for climbing.
e. All safety devices shall be activated within 2 feet (61 cm) after a fall
occurs and limit the descending velocity of an employee to 7
feet/second (2.1 m/sec) or less.
5.6.11 Mounting Ladder Safety Devices For Fixed Ladders:
a. Mountings for rigid carriers shall be attached at each end of the
carrier, with intermediate mountings spaced along the entire length
of the carrier, to provide the necessary strength to stop workers’
falls.
b. Mountings for flexible carriers shall be attached at each end of
the carrier. Cable guides for flexible carriers shall be installed with
spacing between 25 feet (7.6 m) and 40 feet (12.2 m) along the entire
length of the carrier, to prevent wind damage to the system.
c. Design and installation of mountings and cable guides shall not
reduce the strength of the ladder.
d. Side rails and steps or rungs for side-step fixed ladders shall be
continuous in extension.
5.6.12 Mobile Ladders: shall comply with the shall comply with the OSHA 29 CFR
1926, Subpart X requirements:
a. Mobile ladders shall be fitted with casters to facilitate mobility.
b. They shall be provided with “Step lock” mechanism to hold ladder
in place, when in use.
c. Mobile ladders shall be used on hard level surfaces and not on sand or
gravel.
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5.6.13 Wooden Ladders: shall comply with the shall comply with the OSHA 29
CFR 1926, Subpart X requirements:
a. All wooden ladders will be of natural finish. Painting of ladders
that may conceal cracks, chemical attack, wood or metal
deterioration shall not be allowed.
b. Wooden ladders may be sealed with clear materials that seals out
moisture and other liquid but it shall be transparent to aid inspection.
c. Wooden ladders shall not be coated with any opaque covering except
for identification or warning labels, which may be placed only on one
face of a side rail.
d. Wooden ladders shall be stored where they are not exposed to
excessive heat or dampness. When stored horizontally, the racks
should provide enough support to prevent sagging.
e. Use wooden ladders built at the jobsite with spliced side rails at an
angle where the horizontal distance is one-eighth of the working
length of the ladder.
5.6.14 Stairways: shall comply with the OSHA 29 CFR 1926, Subpart X
requirements: (Stairway Used During Construction)
a. Stairways that will not be a permanent part of the building under
construction shall have landings at least 30 inches deep and 22 inches
wide (76 x 56 cm) at every 12 feet (3.7 m) or less of vertical rise.
b. Stairways shall be installed at least 30 degrees and no more than 50
degrees from the horizontal.
c. Variations in riser height or stair tread depth shall not exceed 1/4 inch
in any stairway system, including any foundation structure used as
one or more treads of the stairs.
d. Doors and gates opening directly onto a stairway shall have a
platform that extends at least 20 inches (51 cm) beyond the swing of
the door or gate.
e. Metal pan landings and metal pan treads shall be secured in place
before filling.
f. Stairway parts shall be free of dangerous projections such as
protruding nails.
g. Slippery conditions on stairways shall be corrected.
h. Workers shall not use spiral stairways that will not be a permanent
part of the structure.
5.6.15 Stairways used temporarily during construction (Except during
construction of the stairway):
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a. Stairways with metal pan landings and treads shall not be used if the
treads and/or landings have not been filled in with concrete or other
materials unless the pans of the stairs and/or landings are
temporarily filled in with wood or other materials. All treads and
landings shall be replaced when worn below the top edge of the pan.
b. Skeleton metal frame structures and steps (where treads and/or
landings will be installed later) shall not be used, unless the stairs are
fitted with secured temporary treads and landings. Temporary treads
shall be made of wood or other solid material and installed the full
width and depth of the stair.
5.6.16 Stair Rails
a. Stairways with four or more risers or rising more than 30 inches (76
cm) in height whichever is less shall be installed along each
unprotected side or edge.
b. When the top edge of a stair rail system also serves as a handrail, the
height of the top edge shall be no more than 37 inches (94cm) nor
less than 36 inches (91.5 cm from) the upper surface of the stair rail to
the surface of the tread.
c. Shall be not less than 36 inches (91.5 cm) in height.
d. Top edges of stair rail systems used as handrails shall not be more
than 37 inches (94 cm) high nor less than 36 inches (91.5 cm) from the
upper surface of the stair rail system to the surface of the tread.
e. Stair rail systems and handrails shall be surfaced to prevent injuries
such as punctures or lacerations and to keep clothing from snagging.
f. Ends of stair rail systems and handrails shall be built to prevent
dangerous projections, such as rails protruding beyond the end
posts of the system.
g. Unprotected sides and edges of stairway landings shall have
standard 42-inch
h. (1.1m) guardrail systems.
i. Intermediate vertical members, such as balusters used as guardrails,
shall not be more than 19 inches (48 cm) apart.
j. Other intermediate structural members, when used, shall be installed
so that no openings are more than 19 inches (48 cm) wide.
k. Screens or mesh, when used, shall extend from the top rail to the
stairway step and along the opening between top rail supports.
5.6.17 Hand Rails
a. Handrails and top rails of the stair rail systems shall be able to
withstand, without failure, at least 200 pounds (890 Newton ≈ 90kg)
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of weight applied within 2 inches (5 cm) of the top edge in any

downward or outward direction, at any point along the top edge.
b. Handrails shall not be more than 37 inches (94 cm) high nor less than
30 inches (76 cm) from the upper surface of the handrail to the
surface of the tread.
c. Handrails shall provide an adequate handhold for employees to
grasp to prevent falls.
d. Temporary handrails shall have a minimum clearance of 3 inches (8
cm) between the handrail and walls, stair rail systems and other
objects.
e. Winding or spiral stairways shall have a handrail to prevent use of
areas where the tread width is less than 6 inches (15 cm).
5.6.18 Mid Rails
a. Mid rails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members or
equivalent\intermediate structural members shall be provided
between the top rail and stairway steps to the stair rail system.
b. When mid rails are used, they shall be located midway the top of the
stair rail system and the stairway steps.
5.7 PERSONAL FALL ARREST SYSTEM
5.7.1 The user shall inspect safety harness / lifelines for any defects or
evidence of mistreatment, prior to each use.
5.7.2 Safety harnesses, lanyards, drop lines and lifelines, which have been
subjected to shock or excessive impact loading or damage, shall be
discarded by cutting into half and replaced.
5.7.3 Lifeline (minimum 19 mm nylon rope) shall be supported independently
of the scaffold, carriage, or platform from which the work is being done.
The lifeline shall be tied off as short as the necessary movement of the
worker will permit, in order to limit the length of any possible free fall. An
anchor point shall be capable of supporting the potential impact load of
a worker’s fall.
5.7.4 Anchorages used for attachment of personal fall arrest equipment shall
be independent of any anchorage being used to support or suspend
platforms and capable of supporting at least 5,000 pounds (22.2 kN) per
employee attached (including scaffolds).
5.7.5 Safety harnesses with lanyard, as required shall meet the latest revision
of NFPA Fire Service Life Harness and Hardware Standard, shall be used
by personnel anytime it is necessary to perform work from an elevated
area above 1.8 meters which does not have a guard rail, safety net, or any
other items to prevent falling. Examples are :
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a. When working from a man lift.

b. When wearing a welding hood on an elevated worksite higher than
1.8 meters off the ground without adequate guardrails.
c. When working from a personnel platform suspended from a crane.
d. When working in a confined space for vertical entry further than 1.8
meters from the entry point.
e. When working from a ladder (without ladder cage) higher than 1.8
meters.
f. When working on sloped roofs above 1.8 meters that are not
equipped with guardrails.
5.7.6 Safety harnesses / lifelines that come in contact with chemicals during
use shall be cleaned immediately and reported to supervision.
5.7.7 Safety harnesses and buckles shall be fastened securely.
a. All safety devices shall permit the worker to ascend or descend
without continually having to hold, push or pull any part of the device,
leaving both hands free for climbing.
b. All safety devices shall be activated within 2 feet (61 cm) after a fall
occurs and limit the descending velocity of a person to 7 feet/second
(2.1 m/sec) or less.
c. Important factors to be considered include: an adequate degree of
sag, the shortest practical length possible, sufficient shock
absorption and design strength proportional to the number of
workers who may use the line.
d. Snap hooks shall be of the double locking variety. The double lock
feature on lanyard snap hooks shall not be disabled or removed for
any reason.
5.7.8 Training shall be provided on proper use of safety harnesses / lifelines by
EHSS for staff during EHSS Orientation Course; while for contractor
employees, training shall be done by Contractor Supervisor and submit
attendance list to Contract Administrator.
5.8 INSPECTION
5.8.1 LADDERS INSPECTION
a. All Step/Portable & Mobile Ladders shall be stenciled with
department/serial number (EDC/001. VCM/001. Etc.), to ensure that
all are inspected as per the below requirements
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b. End user shall ensure to conduct visual inspection of Step, Portable &
Mobile Ladders prior to any use.
c. The following shall be included as part of ladder inspection:
 Corrosion of metallic parts such as boils, rivers, brace, screws, tie
rods, brackets, etc.
 Breakage and cracking on Fiberglass ladders.
 Splitting of side rails and rungs on wooden ladders.
 Loose rung to rail joints and tie-rod condition.
d. Defective ladders shall be withdrawn from service for repair or
destruction and tagged “DANGEROUS, DO NOT USE” or similar
tagging/control system to be in place.
e. Portable, Step, & Mobile ladders shall be inspected every six months
by the owner/ unit, section. (Attachment 2)
f. Contractors shall also ensure that their Portable, Step, & Mobile
ladders are inspected every six months and furnished copy of the
inspection checklist (Attachment 2) must be submitted to Central
Maintenance Department.
g. Asset Engineering shall develop a system for structure inspection
which includes Fix Ladder & Staircases.
5.8.2 SCAFFOLDING INSPECTION
a. INITIAL INSPECTION:
 New scaffolding materials shall be inspected and marked
(accepted/ rejected) at scaffold inspection area prior to entering
PK site by contractor scaffolding supervisor / inspector along
with PK representative (contracts and services section) by
utilizing inspection check list form defined in Attachment 2.
b. FIELD INSPECTION:
 Scaffolding accessories shall be maintained in good condition. Any
broken, bent, excessively rusted, altered or otherwise damaged
frames or accessories shall not be used and returned back to
staging area. Locking devices shall be maintained in good working
condition.
 Scaffolding materials shall be kept in a designated area in each
unit in Main plant and one in Salt plant
 A Competent Person from contractor must inspect all material on
each occasion before it is used for any scaffold. After construction
and or modification to the existing scaffolding, the inspection tag
“ready for use” shall be signed and installed on the access ladder
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of the scaffolding after filling scaffold verification checklist.

 Scaffolds frames shall be constructed of metal materials of known
strength characteristics and shall be capable of supporting at least
four times the maximum intended load.
 Design for scaffoldings standing over 37 meters height shall be
prepared by the Scaffolding Contractor qualified scaffolding
engineer and to be submitted to PK for review and approval under
Asset Engineering Department.
 If a Scaffold has to be modified in any way, it is to be done so under
the direction of a "Competent, qualified and authorized Person"
and re-certified for use.
 Scaffold shall be dismantled when the required job is completed
and closed in the SAP system.
 All equipment components that are not marked with the color for
the time period will be inspected and color-coded prior to
installation. Inspection will include, but not limited to:
o A rod will be pushed through tubular components to remove
any material that may be present.
o The leg components will be inspected thoroughly by the
contractor to ensure corrosion has not affected structural
integrity.
o Contractor should use the scaffold verification checklist before
installing green tag.
 Daily physical inspection by users prior to any use.
 If scaffolding needs to be used for more than a week, it shall be re-
inspected by a competent person every week and re-inspection
date shall be indicated at the back of the existing tag after
rectifying the discrepancy, if any. (refer Attachment 1)
 Reference number must be indicated at the Scaffolding Tag
indicating the Unit name and month of erection (example first
scaffold erected at Polystyrene on November: PPS11001) for proper
monitoring and to be recorded by Scaffolding Contractor for future
reference.
 Main points to be checked are as follows:
o Standards pitched on base plated and adequate timber sole
plates. Correctly aligned and not damaged or displaced.
o No undue deflection of ledgers.
o Adequate and effective Ties and Braces.
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o Correct type of Couplers in use and properly tightened.

o Sound, closely laid and properly supported Planks.
o Guardrails and Toe boards are installed.
o Ladders are in good condition, properly supported and
secured.
o No evidence of chemical deposits or obvious deformities on all
metal parts, periodic examination of welds for cracks or
unused discoloration.
c. SEMI-ANNUAL INSPECTION:
 Complete inspection of all scaffold components is to be performed
every six months. The contractor scaffolding Supervisor who is
responsible for scaffolding is required to ensure that components
are inspected in accordance with this section prior to installing in
the scaffold. Identifying colors will be used for material to indicate
completed, by providing an inventory list having the quantities of
all scaffold components as follows:
o Inspection periods will be January 01 through June 30 and July
01 through December 31.
 All components in acceptable conditions will be marked with the
following appropriate color paint
1. Even Number Years
a. 1st half - Blue
b. 2nd half - Orange
2. Odd Number Years
a. 1st half - White
b. 2nd half - Green
 All components found in unacceptable conditions shall be marked
with red color paint until moved out of Plant.
 Overlapping of semi-annual inspection for color code is allowed
for 30 days only, in following situation :
o Erected scaffold that are still in use during this period,
provided that the weekly inspection of scaffolding is
properly implemented in accordance with Attachment 1 of
this management system, and any component found in
unacceptable conditions during the weekly inspection shall
be immediately replaced with another one which’s color
coded with the current period color.
Page 47 of 55
5.9 PERSONAL FALL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT (PFPE) INSPECTION

5.9.1 Contractors and owner department shall conduct periodic inspection every
three months, utilizing Attachment 6.
a. For contractor employee the quarterly inspection shall be carried out by
his Foreman/Supervisor as per attachment 6 and maintain a record of
the same.
b. For direct hire employee / SMP quarterly inspection shall be conducted
by himself as per attachment 6 and maintain a record of the same.
5.9.2 In addition, the end-user of the PFPE shall always visually inspect the PFPE
before each use, and report any deficiencies observed for immediate
correction.
5.9.3 Full Body Harness shall be inspected with the minimum, but not limited to
the below points.
 Inspect for cleanliness. Follow manufacturer’s recommendations
for cleaning.
 Closely examine all of the nylon webbing to ensure there are no
burn marks or holes.
 Verify there are no torn, frayed, broken fibers, pulled stitches, or
frayed edges.
 Verify the presence of legible labels.
 Examine D-ring for excessive wear, pits, deterioration, cracks, or
corrosion.
 Verify that buckles are not deformed, cracked, and will operate
correctly.
 Check to see that all grommets and rivets are secure and not
deformed.
a. Lanyards/Shock Absorbing Lanyards
 Check lanyard material for cuts, burns, abrasions, kinks, knots,
burns, broken stitches, excessive wear or soiling/staining,
brittleness, chalking, or discoloration.
 Check carabiner for excessive wear, distortion, and lock operation.
 Ensure that all locking mechanisms seat and lock properly. Once
locked, locking mechanism should prevent hood from opening.
 Verify that points where the lanyard attaches to the snap hooks are
free of defects.
b. Snap hooks/Carabiners
 Inspect for cleanliness. Follow manufacturer’s recommendations
for cleaning.
 Inspect snap hook for any hook and eye distortions.
Page 48 of 55
 Verify there are no cracks, pitted surfaces, eye distortions, sharp

edges, burrs, or corrosion.
 The keeper latch shall not be bent, distorted, or obstructed.
 Verify that the keeper latch seats into the nose without binding.
 Verify that the keeper spring securely closes the keeper latch.
 Test the locking mechanism to verify that the keeper latch locks
properly.
c. Self-Retracting Lanyards
 Visually inspect to ensure there is no physical damage to the body.
 Make sure all back nuts or rivets are tight.
 Make sure the entire length of the nylon strap is free of any cuts,
burns, abrasions, kinks, knots, broken stitches, and excessive wear
and retracts freely.
 Test the unit by pulling sharply on the lanyard to verify that the
locking mechanism is operating correctly.
 Verify that it has been factory inspected at the proper interval.
d. Tie-Off Adaptors/Anchorages
 Inspect hardware for damage, distortion, sharp edges, burrs,
cracks, and corrosion.
 Inspect webbing for cuts, burns, tears, abrasions, frays, excessive
soiling, and discoloration. Inspect stitching for pulled or cut
stitches.
 Inspect anchors for cracks, sharp edges, burrs, deformations,
corrosion, distortion, and as otherwise recommended by the
manufacturer.
 The above inspection requirements do apply for fixed and
temporary anchorages.
 All Personal Fall Arrest System in acceptable conditions after the
inspection shall be marked at the shock absorber by a colored tape
in each quarter as follows:
o 1st quarter - Blue

o 2nd quarter - Orange
o 3rd quarter - white
o 4th quarter – Green
5.10 GRATINGS INSPECTION

Page 49 of 55
5.10.1 The inspection of gratings shall be performed every two years by Civil
Engineers / inspectors to assess the structural integrity of gratings and
gratings support, and ensure that loose connections and/or
damaged/deteriorated gratings are identified and rectified to eliminate
falling/tripping hazards and potential harm to people.
5.10.2 The scope to be covered and the methodology to be followed of gratings
inspection shall be in-line with Petrokemya inspection/preventive
maintenance program for gratings.
5.10.3 Operation / Area owner shall inspect the gratings in their respective area
quarterly utilizing Attachment 11.
5.11 TRAINING AND QUALIFICATION

5.11.1 Ladders -
a. Employees who use ladders in the performance of their duties shall be
trained by their department on the proper use, care, and inspection of
ladders.
b. All those who inspect ladders shall be trained to identify defects of
ladders, as required in this management system.
5.11.2 Scaffoldings
a. Personnel responsible for the erection/inspection of scaffoldings shall
be adequately trained by their company on the safe work practices
related to the installation of the scaffolding in accordance with the
requirements and references stipulated in this management system.
This includes:
 The general requirements for safe installation of the type of
scaffolding to be erected.
 The safe work practices for the installation and dismantling of the
type of scaffolding to be erected or dismantled.
 The procedures for inspecting integrity of wood and metal
structural members, including planking.
b. Personnel who use scaffolding shall be trained to recognize obvious
defects such as missing access ladder or handrails, damaged or loose
planking, incorrect overlap of boards, or changes in foundation
support.
6. LEGAL AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

Page 50 of 55
All the local, regional, national and international regulation requirements applicable to
this management system, and to which Petrokemya subscribes, have been identified
and determined in accordance with Compliance, Assessments and Evaluation
Management System (OMS-232), and incorporated into the procedure or otherwise
referenced in Section 10.
7. CONTROL OF RECORD
The following records are identified and described in the record control requirements
pertaining to this Management system in accordance with Documentation & Control of
Records Management system (OMS-234).
S. Owner Dept./Section Retention

Records Location
No. (Position) Period
Inspection records Central Services/ Contracts & Services
1 of scaffolding Manager and Scaffolding and Scaffolding 1 Year
Components Contractor /Supervisor Contractors Call File
Portable, Step, &
Concerned Department, Owner Department and
2 Mobile ladders 2 years
SHEM Analyst C&S Call File - ECM
Inspection
Fixed Ladders and
Staircases Inspection department,
3 Inspection Department 2 years
inspection PM Civil engineer
records
Erection,
Central Services/ Contracts & Services
Modification and
4 Manager and Scaffolding and Scaffolding 1 Year
Dismantling
Contractor /Supervisor Contractors Call File
Checklist
Training record
(as per Training &
5 WFD ECM 2 years
Competencies OMS-
131 requirements)
Audit reports and Concerned Department, ECM
6 1 year
Findings SHEM Analyst
Inspection records
Maintenance Support
and test certificates Mobile Equipment
7 Department / Manager 3 Years
for cages used for Section call file - ECM
Workshop
lifting personnel
Lift Personnel with
Maintenance Support
Personnel Platform Mobile Equipment
8 Department / Manager 3 Years
and cage approved Section call file - ECM
Workshop
Form
Page 51 of 55
Table 9 Control of Records
8. COMPETENCY
The following competency matrix is developed based on Petrokemya Organization
Structure in accordance with Training & Competencies Management system (OMS-131).
The matrix identifies the key skills and knowledge required to successfully implement
this Management system. These competencies are mapped to critical functional roles
within the organization structure.
(Site) Senior Management
Maintenance Employees
(Plant) Line Management
Operations Employees
Scaffolding Employees
EHSS Senior Manager
SHEM 08.09 EL/SEL
Rigging Supervisor
Competency
TYPE
SMT
Criteria for working at height D D A P P P P P P

Work at height selection guide D D A P P P P D P
Critical life safety measures & requirements D D A P P P P P P
Criteria for working at height D D A P P P P D P
Erecting, altering, dismantling D D A D D D D D P
Perform inspection on relevant equipment P P A P P D D D P
Personal Leadership P P A P P P P P P
Drive for Results P P A P P P P P P
influencing & Communication for Impact P P A P P P P P P
Effective Collaboration P P A P P P P P P
Table 10 Competency Matrix
Competency Types: Core Leadership Functional

Proficiency Levels: D Developing P Proficient A Advanced
9. CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT
To promote continual improvement in the application of this standard, following are

defined measures and key performance indicators (KPI) to assess performance in line
with Business Performance (OMS-211). In addition, EL/SEL will use “attachment 12” to
assess the implementation of this management system requirement quarterly.
Page 52 of 55
Reference KPI Frequency Rhythm

% Reduction in category A, B, C
OMS-211 and D of incidents for this sub Yearly OMS Committee Meeting
element on yearly basis
No. of Incident Caused by
OMS-211 Yearly OMS Committee Meeting
deficiency in this system.
OMS-211 System users training status. Quarterly OMS Committee Meeting
Ensure proper field
OMS-211 Quarterly OMS Committee Meeting
assessment is conducted
Compliance to mobile,
OMS-211 portable and step ladders Quarterly OMS Committee Meeting
standard
OMS-211 Audit actions status Monthly OMS Committee Meeting
Compliance to scaffold
OMS-211 Monthly OMS Committee Meeting
erection standard
Table 11 KPI’s
 Continual Improvement Process
10. REFERENCE AND IMPORTANT LINKS

10.1 References
 SAF-02 Environmental, Health and Safety Management
 SAF-06 Plant Layout, Spacing and Access
 SAF-13 Work Permits, Isolation of Energy, and Hazardous Work
 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard A14.3-1992, Safety
Requirements for Fixed Ladders
Page 53 of 55
 ANSI / ASSE Z359 Fall Protection Code

 ANSI A10.4 – Safety Requirements for Workmen’s Hoists
 ANSI A10.8 – Safety Requirements for Scaffolding
 ANSI A92.2 – Vehicle Mounted Elevating and Rotating Work Platforms
 ASME B30.23 – Personnel Lifting Systems
 ASTM A500 Grade B
 ASTM A53 Grade B Carbon Steel Alloy Specification
 BS 1139, Part 1, Section 1.1
 BS 2482: 2009 – Specification for Timber Scaffold Boards
 BS EN 12811-1:2003
 BS EN 74-1:2005. Couplers, spigot pins and baseplates for use in falsework
and scaffolds. Couplers for tubes. Requirements and test procedures
and scaffolds. Special couplers. Requirements and test procedures
and scaffolds. Plain base plates and spigot pins. Requirements and test
procedures
 EN 10219.1: (2006)
 EN 10219.2: (2006)
 EN 39: 2001 - Loose steel tubes for tube and coupler scaffolds. Technical
delivery conditions
 GSO 217/1994 - Industrial Safety and Health regulations – Part 6: Equipment -
Scaffolding
 Health and Safety Executive (HSE) – Fragile Surfaces
 NFPA 1983 'Standard on Life Safety Rope and Equipment for Emergency
Services'
 OSHA 1910.23 - Walking-Working Surfaces – Ladders
 OSHA 29 CFR 1910.27 Scaffolds and rope descent systems.
 OSHA 29 CFR 1910.28 - Duty to have fall protection and falling object
protection.
 OSHA 29 CFR 1910.66 – Powered Platforms for Building Maintenance
 OSHA 29 CFR 1926 Subpart X - Stairways and Ladders
 OSHA 29 CFR 1926 Subpart E - Personal Protective and Life Saving Equipment
 OSHA 29 CFR 1926.451 – Scaffolding: Construction Standards – Subpart L
 OSHA 29 CFR 1926.502 - Fall protection systems criteria and practices
 OSHA 3150, 2002 (Revised) – A Guide to Scaffold Use in the Construction
Industry
 OSHA CFR 1910.68 - Powered Platforms, Manlifts, and Vehicle-Mounted Work
Platforms
 OSHA Publication 3124 – 12 R 2003 – Stairways and Ladders
 Mobile Elevating Work Platforms
Page 54 of 55
Mobile Elevating
Work Platforms
10.2 Linkage with Other OMS

Input Interface / link Output
OMS-111 Leadership Commitment and Culture. SHEM-08.09
Objective setting and Sub-element Leader responsibilities. SHEM-08.09
OMS-122 Formation of relevant (sub-) committees and periodic
meetings.
Management system development guidelines. Clarification, SHEM-08.09
OMS-231
variance and exemption process to be followed.
OMS-232 Compliance assessment expectations. SHEM-08.09
OMS-234 Documentation and record keeping requirements. SHEM-08.09
Request for identification and communication of the SHEM-08.09
OMS-131 necessary training requirements relating to this OMS
standard.
Minimum expectations for the Sub-element Leader on SHEM-08.09
SHEM-08
updates, action follow up, communication and reporting.
SHEM-08.08 PPE requirements. SHEM-08.09
SHEM-09 MOC process to be followed in case of changes. SHEM-08.09
Identification of Class A, B and C incidents related to working SHEM-08.09
SHEM-10
at height.
SHEM-08.09 Communicate identified training requirements for this sub- OMS-131
element.
SHEM-08.09 Communicate all requested data/information for alignment SHEM-08
within SHEM-08 committee.
SHEM-08.09 Send reported incidents for overall program improvement SHEM-10
opportunities.
SHEM-08.09 Communicate minimum requirements regarding climbing and SHEM-08.03
access to elevated locations. SHEM-08.10
Table 12 Linkage with Other OMS
11. ATTACHMENTS
- Attachment 1: Supported scaffold inspection/re-inspection checklist
- Attachment 2: Mobile, portable and step ladders inspection checklist
- Attachment 3: Scaffold audit checklist
- Attachment 4: Cage & slings approval form
Page 55 of 55
- Attachment 5: Scaffolding materials inspection check list (new arrival and semi-
annual)
- Attachment 6: Personal fall protective equipment inspection checklist
- Attachment 7: Scaffold fittings
- Attachment 8: Scaffolding types
- Attachment 9: Type of ladders
- Attachment 10: Temporary removal of grating (platform) guard rail checklist
- Attachment 11: Gratings Inspection Checklist
- Attachment 12: Implementation Assessment Checklist
Attachment 1 Attachment 2 Mobile, Attachment 3 Attachment 4 Cage &

Scaffold Inspection Portable, Stepladder Scaffold Audit Checkli Slings Approval
Attachment 5 Attachment Microsoft Word 97 Attachment 8 Attachment 9

Scaffolding Material I 6_PFPE_inspection.d - 2003 Document Scaffold Type Ladders Type
Attachment 10_Temp Attachment 11 Attachment-12

Removal of Grating Gratings Inspection C Implementation Ass

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Operation Management System OMS No. SHEM-08.09

Rev. # ( 0 ) Date March 2021

Working at Height Next Review Date March 2024

3. GLOSSARY, FORMULAE & DEFINITIONS

4. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

6. LEGAL AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

10. REFERENCE AND IMPORTANT LINKS

Operation Management System OMS No. SHEM-08.09

Rev. # ( 0 ) Date March 2021

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The purpose of this management system is to provide minimum requirements and

Below define the topic in which this sub-element are covering:

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4. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

R: Responsible A: Accountable C: Consulted I: Informed

Ensure that proper training is

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shall meet the requirements defined under section 5.2 of this

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considered as fragile until a competent person (civil / structural

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ensure a guardrail is provided, wherever a guardrail system is

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b) Proper safeguards shall be implemented to protect machines,

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