Definition

Let c be a number in the domain D of a function f. Then

is the

absolute maximum value of on D if for all

x in D.
absolute minimum value of on D if for
all x in D.

Definition
The number is a

local maximum value of if when x is

near c.

local minimum value of if when x is

near c.
Format's theorem:
If has a local maximum or minimum at c , and if
exists, then

Definition:
A critical number of a function is a number c in
the domain
of such that either :

If has a local maximum or minimum at c then,

c is a critical number of .
The First Derivative Test Suppose that c is a critical
number of a continuous function .
(a) If changes from positive to negative at c, then
has a local
maximum at c.

(b) If changes from negative to positive at c, then

has a local
minimum at c.

(c) If is positive to the left and right of c, or negative

to the left
and right of c, then has no local maximum or
minimum at c.
Definition:
If the graph of lies above all of its tangent on an interval ,
then it is called
Concave upward on above
up

Concave upward

If the graph of f lies below all of the its tangent on ,

then it is called
below
Concave downward on down

Concave downward

Concavity test :
a) If

a) If ,
Definition:
A point P on a curve is called inflection point if
is continuous there and the curve changes from
concave upward to concave downward or from concave
downward to concave upward at P.
At point is an inflection point

The second Derivative Test:

Suppose is continuous near c ,
a) If then

b) If then
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